2021版江苏专用高考英语二轮复习讲义： 第1部分 专题1 第4讲 名词性从句

第四讲名词性从句

(对应学生用书第12页)

1．(2021·江苏高考卷)We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20，half of________ it used to charge.

A．that B．which

C．what D．how

C[句意：我们选择这家旅馆，因为这里一晚的价格降到了20美元，这是他们过去所收价格的一半。空处在句中引导宾语从句，且在宾语从句中作charge的宾语，因此只能选择what。half of what it used to charge“它过去所收价格的一半〞。]

2．(2021·江苏高考卷)It is often the case________ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.

A．why B．what C．as D．that

D[句意：通常，对于那些心怀希望的人来说，一切皆有可能。it在句中是形式主语，that anything is possible for those who hang on to hope是主语从句，在句中作真正的主语。由于主语从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语，故用that引导主语从句。]

3．(2021·江苏高考卷)—What a mess! You are always so lazy!

—I'm not to blame，Mum.I am________ you have made me.

A．how B．what C．that D．who

B[句意：——真是一团糟！你总是这么懒！——妈妈，不该责备我。我是你培养的。what引导表语从句，且在从句中充当宾语补足语，意为“……

样子的人〞。]

【导学号：25874007】4．(2021·北京高考卷)Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street，not knowing________ she was heading.

A．why B．where C．how D．when

B[句意：简漫无目的地沿着绿树成荫的街道往前走，不知道要去哪里。

分析句子构造可知，空处引导宾语从句，作动词knowing的宾语，且从句中缺少地点状语，故应用where引导。]

5．(2021·天津高考卷)She asked me________ I had returned the books to the library，and I admitted that I hadn't.

A．when B．where C．whether D．what

C[句意：她问我是否已将那些书还给图书馆了，我成认我还没有还。分析句子构造可知，空格处引导宾语从句，且在从句中不作任何成分，只起连接作用，又根据句意可知此处表示“是否〞，故用whether或if引导这个宾语从句。]

名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句四种。每一种从句都有自己的引导词，引导词都位于从句句首，且从句使用陈述语序。

一、名词性从句的引导词

引导词用法

连词that，whether，if等均不在句子中作成分。that没有意义，引导宾语从句时可以省略；whether和if意为“是否〞，在宾语从句中可互换使用，但在其他名词性从句中只用whether

连接代词what，who，whom，

which，whatever，

在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语等成分

He hasn't decided whether he will go there.

Do you know who has got the first prize?

What we need is more practice.

Whoever has helped to save the drowning boy is worth praising.

When he will go abroad hasn't been decided yet.

No one knew why he made such a mistake.

二、名词性从句的类别

1．主语从句

(1)主语从句多放在主句谓语动词前，构成：主语从句＋谓语动词＋其他

That he passed the driving test made us very happy.

Who will take over the company has not been decided yet.

(2)it作形式主语，常见的构造有：

It＋be＋adj.＋that从句；

It＋be＋名词(词组)＋that从句；

It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句；

It＋seem(appear，happen等不及物动词)＋that从句

It is certain that you will pass the College Entrance Examination.

It is a pity that I missed the party held last night.

It is reported that the accident was caused by carelessness.

It seems that Alice is not coming to the party.

2．表语从句

(1)表语从句跟在系动词后，构成：主语＋系动词＋表语从句

The beautiful views and the friendly people are what new comers like in San Francisco.