[动词非谓语形式]非谓语动词的用法总结

[动词非谓语形式]非谓语动词的用法总结动词不定式

(一) 时态

1. 一般式

动词不定式的一般式表示与谓语动词同时或之后的行为。如： I want to have a rest

I plan to attend the meeting 2. 完成式

不定式的完成式表示不定式的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前的行为。如： I ’m sorry to have kept you waiting. 3进行式

不定式的动作如果同谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生则使用不定式的进行式。如： They seemed to be talking about something important. 4. 完成进行式

不定式的完成进行式表示在谓语动词之前已经发生，并且一直进行着的动作。如： He is said to have been working in that factory for twelve years. （二）动词不定式用法：

1. 作主语

To master English gives us much help in the study of science 2. 作宾语

I want to leave here soon. He pretended to be a doctor. 3. 作表语

The most important thing is to study hard. 4. 作宾语补足语

不定式作定语必须放在被修饰的名词或代词的后面。 I have no time to talk with her. 6. 作状语

不定式作状语时可以表示目的、原因、结果或条件。 I came here to learn from you ( 目的) I ’m very glad to heard the news。（原因） He is old enough to go to school.(结果) To look at him ,you can’t help laughing.

Notes:

7. 不定式的复合结构。如：I found it hard for them to finish the work in such a short time. It was clever of him to find his way here.

分词

（一）闲着分词与过去分词的区别：

1. 现在分词表主动；过去分词表被动：Burning forest; burned skin

2. 现在分词表示动作正在进行；而过去分词表示的动作已完成：eg: developing country;

developed country

分词担当的成分

（1）定语 eg: They decided to change the material used

(2)状语分词常用来作状语，表示时间、原因、方式、结果、条件、让步和伴随情况。分词作状语，它的逻辑主语应与句子的主语保持一致。

Relying on our own efforts , we can overe all the difficulties( 表原因) Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy (表时间)

The teacher walked about the classroom, using his hands to help him in his explanation(表方式) The child fell, striking his head against the door and cutting it (结果)

The students went out of the school, laughing and talking (表方式或伴随情况) Given better attention, the trees could grow better.

为了表示明确的时间或条件，有时刻在分词前加上when;while;if 等连词 When leaving the airport, she waved again and again to us. While waiting for the train, I had a long talk with her.

If translated word by word, the sentence will be meaningless.

分词有时也可以有自己独立的逻辑主语，分词独立主格结构，在很多情况下，表示时间、原因、条件或伴随情况

Weather permitting, the football match will be played on Wednesday (条件) We went far into the forest, her father acting as guide.( 伴随情况)

So many people being absent, we decided to put the meeting off.（原因） 3. 表语

The news is exciting ; She looked disappointed 4. 宾语补足语

Don ’t you see him ing towards us

现在分词的完成形式主要用在状语中，表示的动作在谓语动作之前发生。 Having finished his homework, the boy began to watch Tv (2)被动式

现在分词的被动形式不仅表示被动的动作，而且表示这个动作正在进行；或这个动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生。现在分词的被动形式主要作定语、状语和宾语补足语。 The pidge being built there will be one of the longest in China Being surrounded ,the enemy were forced to put down their guns (3)完成被动式

Having been given such a good chance, how could she give it up.

动名词

用法：

1. 主语：Reading aloud is very important in learning a foreign language.

2. 表语 Their job is building houses

3. 宾语 I enjoy seeing you and talking about old times

Need, want 后面的动名词具有被动意义。 Eg: Your suit needs ironing 4. 定语

动名词表示的多是被修饰的名词的功能、用途。 Eg: walking stick; walking tractor.

Children enjoy reading picture-story books (一般式) I apologize for not having kept my promise. (完成式) She didn’t mind being left alone at home

动名词的逻辑主语：动名词可以用物主代词或名词所有格来修饰，表示动名词逻辑上的主语。Do you mind my making a suggestion? 但在非正式中，尤其是当动名词在句子中作宾语时，更常见的是用人称代词宾格和普通格的名词修饰动名词

Do you mind me making a suggestion?

I ’m pleased with John pay his ine tax in time.

内容仅供参考

高考英语非谓语动词常见题型及答题技巧及练习题(含答案)

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非谓语动词用法对比练习

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学好英语很有用。 It’s important for us to protect the environment．保护环境对我们来说很重要。注意：在kind，good，nice，clever等表示人的品质的形容词后，不用for而用of。如： It’s very kind of you to help me．你帮助我真是太好啦。 It’s very clever of you to do like that．你那样做真是太聪明啦! 2)不定式作宾语 ①一些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语，常见的这类词是表示命令、打算或希望的，如：would like，like，want，wish，hope，decide，plan，expect等。如：Would you like to see a film this evening? 你今晚想去看电影吗? ②在find，think后跟不定式作宾语时，常用it代替，而将真正的宾语放在句末。如：I find it easy to read English every day．我发现每天读英语很容易。 ③常见的一些不带to的动词不定式 why not do...，why don’t you do...，had better(not) do...，would rather do，could/would/will you please(not) do... 如：I would rather stay in the room．我宁愿待在房间里。 3)不定式作宾语补足语不定式作宾语补足语时与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。如：tell，ask，want，allow，get，would like，encourage 后常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语。如：Lucy asked him to turn down the radio．露西让他关小收音机。 My mother encourages me to learn Japanese．我妈妈鼓励我学日语。注意：还有一些使役动词和感官动词也用不定式作宾补，这时不定式要省略to。这些动词有：一感(feel)、二听(hear，listen to)、三让(let，make，have)、四看(look at，see，watch，notice)，但变被动语态时，必须加上to。如：My friends were made to work the whole night by the boss．老板让我的朋友们工作了一整夜。 4)不定式作定语

非谓语动词常考知识用法必背

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一、表格的用法 1.doing 的用法（1）在要求动词后（作宾语）：avoid避免appreciate 感激/欣赏acknowledge承认/自认admit 承认advocate 提倡/主张consider 考虑can't help不禁can't stand受不了contemplate细想complete完成confess坦白dislike 不喜欢，讨厌deserve值得delay延迟deny否认dread可怕defer拖延detest嫌恶enjoy享有/喜爱envy嫉妒endure忍受excuse借口escape逃跑/逃避finish完成forgive原谅fancy幻想/爱好favor 造成/偏爱figure描绘/计算hate讨厌imagine设想involve卷入/包含keep保持miss错过mention说到/讲到mind 介意pardon原谅/饶恕permit允许postpone推迟practice 实行/实践prevent阻止quit放弃停止risk冒险recall回想resist抵抗/阻止resume恢复repent悔悟resent怨恨stand坚持/忍受suggest建议save营救/储蓄tolerate忍受worth值得You should try to avoid making mistakes. The book is worth reading. The book deserves reading. （2）表进行 Walking on the grassland, I saw a snake.=When I was walking on the grassland, I saw a snake. The man speaking English is Tom. = The man who is speaking English is Tom. （3）表主动 The man speaking English is Tom = The man who speaks English is Tom. = The man who spoke English is Tom. Nobody dinks boiling water but boiled water.= Nobody dinks water that is boiling but the water that has boiled. （4）表伴随 I stand outside waiting for Mr. Chen. I lie in bed reading a novel. （5）表性质；特点 The film is very moving. She is understanding, so you had better discuss your business with her. （6）概括性,一般性 Climbing mountain is very interesting. Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring．在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。(概括性,一般性) Our work is serving the people．（7）动名词的逻辑主语为；①人称代词的所有格+动名词；②名词's+动名词。例如： Tom insisted on my going with them．他坚持要我和他们一起去。 He dislikes his wife's working late．他不喜欢他妻子工作得很晚。

非谓语动词用法详解

非谓语动词用法详解动词的非谓语形式有三种：不定式、动名词和分词 (一)不定式不定式由“to十动词原形”构成，其否定形式是“not to do”．不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化．不定式可作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语，但不能单独作谓语．不定式的逻辑主语有时用“for十名词或代词宾格”构成． 1．不定式的用法： l)作主语．不定式短语作主语时，往往放在谓语之后，用it作形式主语．例如： To see is to believe． It is right to give up smoking． 2)作宾语．不定式短语作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语。往往把不定式宾语放在宾语补足语之后，而用it作形式宾语．例如： He wanted to go． I find it interesting to study work with him. 3)作宾语补足语．例如： He asked me to do the work with him. 注意：在feel，hear，listen to，look at，notice, observe，see，watch，have, let，make等词后的补足语中，不定式不带to．但是这些句子如果变成被动结构时，就必须带to．例如 I often hear him sing the song． He is often heard to sing the song．注意：不定式动词在介词but，except，besides后面时，如果这些介词之前有行为动词do的各种形式，那么，这些介词后的不定式不带to，否则要带to．如： She could do nothing but cry. What do you like to do besides swim? I have no choice but to go．动词help之后，带to或不带to都可以。 Will you please help me (to) take this suitcase? 请你帮我提一下这个衣箱好吗？She often helps her mother (to) clean their house. 她经常帮助她妈妈打扫房子。 4)作定语．例如： I have some books for you to read．注①作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词．例如： He is looking for a room to live in． There is nothing to worry about．

(完整版)非谓语的用法总结

非谓语动词的用法总结李靖非谓语动词（不定式、动名词、分词）不是真正意义上的谓语动词，在句中都不能单独作谓语。但都具有动词的某些特点，可以有自己的宾语或状语，构成非谓语动词短语。不定式表目的，表将来；动名词表主动，表进行；过去分词表被动，表完成。一．作主语( 动名词、不定式、过去分词前面加being, 动名词做主语谓语动词用单数) 1）不定式、动名词都可做主语，但是动名词做主语多指抽象的概念性的动作，可以是多次的经常的行为；不定式多表示具体的动作，尤其是某一次的动作。如： Playing with fire is dangerous. 玩火危险。（泛指玩火） To play with fire will be dangerous. 玩火会发生危险。 2）用动名词做主语的句型: It’s no use/no good/pleasure doing sth 做.......没有用处/好处/乐趣 It’s a waste of time doing sth 做.... 浪费时间 It is worth doing sth 值得做某事 It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收 It is worth making an appointment before you go. 去之前预约一下是值得的。 3）不定式做主语的句型. It is + adj +for sb to do sth. 比较：表示人的品质时只能用of sb 如considerate/kind/nice/foolish/stupid/rude/cruel /wise/clever/brave/selfish/crazy/good/careful/careless/impolite/right/wrong等单词出现时。 It is silly of you to say so. It is important for us to learn English well. It is a must/ a necessity for us to have a good command of the English language. 4) “Wh- + to 不定式”可做主语。如： When to leave hasn’t been decided yet.什么时候动身还没定呢。 Whether to drive or take the train is still a problem.是自驾车还是乘火车仍是一个问题。 5）一般情况下，不定式和动名词作主语，谓语动词一般用单数形式。如： Seeing is believing.= To see is to believe 眼见为实。 . Planting flowers needs constant watering. 但and连接的多个动名词作主语，谓语动词大多用复数（如果前后动名词的语义一致，谓语一般用单数）。如：Lying and stealing are immoral. 说谎与盗窃是不道德的。 6) 动名词前面可以加上形容词性物主代词构成动名词的复合结构。如： ----- What made him angry? ------ Mary’s /My/His/Her /Their/ The boy’s/ The president’s being late（made him angry. 7being，构成动名词，做主语。如： . Being examined twice a year , driver must obey in this city. 经典练习：

非谓语动词用法归纳(非常齐全)

it is / was no use / good + doing sth. it is / was not any use / good + doing sth. it is / was of little use / good + doing sth. it is / was useless doing sth. it is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。 it is of little good staying up too late every day. 每天都熬夜没有什么好处 2．不定式和动名词作宾语的区别英语中大多数动词既可跟不定式，也可跟动名词作直接宾语，但有些动词要求： (1)不定式做宾语和宾语补足语 1)下面的动词要求不定式做宾语 afford, agree, arrange, choose, decide, hope, expect, offer, plan, promise, determine, demand, manage, fail, prepare, refuse, pretend, seem 常跟不定式作宾语的动词歌诀：三个希望两答应，两个要求莫拒绝, 设法学会做决定,不要假装在选择。 hope; wish; want ; agree; promise demand; ask; refuse manage; learn; decide pretend ; choose 想要拒绝命令，需要努力学习,期望同意帮助，希望决定开始。

want ; refuse ; order need; try ; learn expect ; agree ; help hope ; wish ; decide ; begin ;start 2)下面的动词要求不定式做宾补：动词+宾语+动词不定式 ask要求，邀请get请，得到prompt促使 allow允许forbid禁止prefer喜欢，宁愿 announce宣布force强迫press迫使 bride 收买inspire鼓舞request请求 assist协助hate憎恶pronounce断定，表示 advise劝告exhort告诫，勉励pray请求 authorize授权，委托help帮助recommend劝告，推荐 bear容忍implore恳求remind提醒 beg请求induce引诱report报告 compel强迫invite吸引，邀请，summon传唤 command命令intend想要，企图show 显示 drive驱赶mean意欲，打算train训练 cause引起instruct指示require要求 deserve应受leave使，让tell告诉 direct指导like喜欢tempt劝诱 entitle有资格order命令warn告诫 enable使能够need需要urge激励，力说 encourage鼓励oblige不得不want想要 condemn指责，谴责lead引起，使得teach教

英语非谓语动词的用法及比较

英语非谓语动词的用法及比较山东省滕州市滕东中学侯廷芬邮编：277500 非谓语动词（不定式、动名词、分词）在英语中应用广泛，在用法上有相似之处，但又有差别。英语动词就其能否独立充当谓语动词而采用的不同形式分为谓语动词和非谓语动词。非谓语动词包括不定式、动名词、分词。它们之所以称为非谓语动词，是这种动词在句中在形式上受主语的人称和数的制约，不能独立充当谓语动词，只能与一定的助动词相结合，构成进行时、完成时、被动语态或在句中担任主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等。非谓语动词保持动词的特征，即时态的变化，及物动词有语态的变化等，也可以有自己的宾语、状语等，同时也具有名词、形容词的特征。首先看谓语动词的特征。一、非谓语动词的特征： 1、动词的特征：（1）与not连用构成否定式。eg: to do------not to do; doing------not doing; done------not done. (2) 带有自己的状语、表语或宾语等。eg: to fly fast; to feel angry; to drink some water; driving fast; getting cold; watching TV; covered with snow; left the door open. （3）不定式、动名词和现在分词可以有进行时和完成时，及物动词也有被动语态。 2、名词、形容词的特征：这种特征也就是非谓语动词与谓语动词的主要区别。（1）非谓语动词起名词的作用。这一点主要是动名称和不定式。 She is fond of reading. I hope to see you this evening. （2）非谓语动词起形容词的作用。主要是分词和不定式。 something to eat; boiling water; boiled water. 二、非谓语动词的功能： 1、作主语。eg: To study hard is our duty. Talking is easier than doing. 2、作宾语。eg: They pretended to be working hard. Would you mind closing the door? 3、作表语： My work is to teach English. Seeing is believing. It is broken. 4、作定语eg: I have a lot of work to do. He is always the first to come, and the last to go. The cave is a good hiding place for us.

非谓语动词用法归纳

非谓语动词用法归纳非谓语动词在英语中，动词不定式、动名词和分词（包括现在分词和过去分词）可以出现在句子中除谓语以外的任何一个位置上，充当句子的主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语等成分，这些动词形式称为非谓语动词。 1．不定式和动名词作主语的区别 (1)动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作；而不定式作主语表示具体动作。 Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here．这里禁止抽烟。(抽象) It is not very good for you to smoke so much．你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。(具体) (2)动名词作主语时，通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。 Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring．在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。(经验) （3）不定式做主语，一般用it当形式主语，把作主语的不定式短语后置。 It took me only five minutes to finish the job. 2．不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别 (1)不定式作表语 1)不定式作表语一般表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作。 To do two things at a time is to do neither．--次做两件事等于未做。 2）如果主语是不定式（表示条件），表语也是不定式（表示结果）。 To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。 3)如果主语是以aim，duty，hope，idea，happiness，job，plan，problem，purpose，thing，wish等为中心的名词，或以what引导的名词性从句，不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明作用。 His wish is to buy a luxurious car in the near future．他的希望是在不远的将来买一辆豪华轿车。 (2)动名词作表语：动名词作表语，表示抽象的一般性的行为。 Our work is serving the people．我们的工作是为人民服务。 (注)动名词作表语时与进行时态中的现在分词形式相同，但其所属结构迥异，进行时态说明动作是由主语完成的。动名词做表语，说明主语的性质或情况。 His victory in the final was no more convincing than I had expected． (3)分词作表语分词做表语有两种情况，一种是现在分词做表语，一种是过去分词做表语，这两者区别是考试中经常考到的地方。一般来说，表示心理状态的动词如excite，interest等都是及物动词，汉语意思不是“激动”，“高兴”，而是“使激动”、“使高兴”，因而现在分词应该是“令人激动的”、“令人高兴的”，过去分词则是“感到激动的”和“感到高兴的”。所以，凡表示“令人……的”都是-ing形式，凡是表示“感到……”都用-ed形式。 3．不定式和动名词作宾语的区别英语中大多数动词既可跟不定式，也可跟动名词作直接宾语，但有些动词要求： (1)不定式做宾语和宾语补足语 1)下面的动词要求不定式做宾语(部分)： attempt企图enable能够neglect忽视afford负担得起demand要求long渴望 2)下面的动词要求不定式做宾补：动词+宾语+动词不定式： allow允许forbid禁止prefer喜欢，宁愿 bear容忍implore恳求remind提醒…… (2)有少数动词只能用动名词作宾语 admit 承认tolerate忍受dislike不喜欢，讨厌 involve卷入，包含practise 实行，实践suggest建议…… (3)有些动词后使用动名词和动词不定式作宾语的差别

(精心整理)非谓语动词用法总结

非谓语动词用法总结非谓语动词是历年高考英语的重要考点之一，同时也是较难掌握的难点之一。它贯穿于英语学习和考试过程的始终。但是，只要认真分析、透彻理解、看透本质、准确把握，就一定能在高考中运筹帷幄，游刃有余。一．非谓语动词区别简表

二．不定式的用法不定式不可作谓语，但它可以有自己的宾语、状语，构成不定式短语，在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语（表用途）、状语或补足语。高考对不定式的考查主要有不定式的时态、语态、作用、否定、省略、连词＋不定式等。作主语不定式作主语表示具体的动作，通常指一件已知的事或目的。不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 eg:To say is a thing,to do is another.(说是一回事，做是另外一回事。)

（2）不定式短语较长时，通常放在谓语之后，用it作形式主语。 eg:①It is important to learn English well.(学好英语是重要的。) ②It is necessary for us to do the job well.(我们做好这项工作是必要的。) ③It is a great honor to be invited to give a speech here.(被邀请在这儿发表演讲是一个极大的荣幸。) 2.作宾语（1）常只用不定式作宾语的动词有：want,wish,hope,long,expect,desire,intend ,decide,ask,promise,aim,offer,agree,plan,l earn,choose,refuse,fail,manage,pretend 等。 eg:①He refused to help me.(他拒绝帮助我.) ②She has agreed to come