Unit1整理(上外)新编英语教程 大一下
上外全新版大学英语综合教程讲义-book1-unit1
Unit One Growing UpLearning Objectives:Students will be able to:1.grasp the essence of essay and learn to write a good essay;2.appreciate the different uses of synonyms in the text and learn to avoid the monotonous use of words inwriting;3.master the key language points and grammatical structures in the text;4.conduct a series of reading, listening, speaking and writing activities related to the theme of the unit. Proverbs and Quotations1. Youth and age will never agree. 少年和老头，永远不相投。
2. Youth is the season of hope. 青春是希望的季节。
3. Youth must have its fling (猛冲).年轻人要敢闯。
4. You have to believe in yourself. That’s the secret of success.人必须相信自己，这是成功的秘诀。
-- Charles Chaplin, American actor -- 美国演员卓别林5. Follow your own course, and let people talk.走自己的路，让人家去说吧。
-- Dante, Italian poet --意大利诗人但丁Pre-reading task:1.How do you understand the title of Text A－Writing For Myself?2.Why did Baker enjoy writing “The Art of Eating Spaghetti”?First PeriodPart one: Listening task (10m)Listen to the passage and answer the following questions:Next week, Max is going on a business trip. He’s going to fly to London from San Francisco. He tried to buy airplane tickets last week but the flight was full. Yesterday his travel agent called and told him there was space on the flight. He’s going to get the tickets in a mail tomorrow.Questions:1. What is Max going to do next week? (He’s going on a business trip next week.)2. Is he going to Sa n Francisco? (No, he’s going to fly to London.)3. Why could he not buy the tickets last week? (Because the flight was full.)4. Who helped him with the tickets? (His travel agent)5. Can he get his tickets today? (No, he can’t. He’s going to get the ticke ts tomorrow.)Part two: Review task(20m):How to understand the title－Writing For Myself? (para5)Look at the title of Text A, then find out in which paragraph a similar phrase appears. Read that paragraph carefully and explain in your own words what the author means by saying “write for myself”.Usually we will write the compositions in the light of all the rules given by teacher and do not dare to violate these rules. So in some sense we write the compositions for teachers. But Baker want to put down or write down the warmth and good feeling of eating spaghetti for himself, and relive and recapture the pleasure of that evening, even though Fleagle would give him a failing grade.Why did Baker enjoy writing “The Art of Eating Spaghetti”?(para3-4)Fleagle distributed a homework sheet with some simple-minded and dull topics, so Baker did nothing until the night before the essay was due. Finally Baker faced up to the unwelcome task and scanned it and chose the title The Art of Eating Spaghetti. This title produced an extraordinary sequence of mental images. Vivid memories came flooding back of a night in Belleville when all of us were seated around the supper table.All the good humor of Uncle Allen’s house reawoke in my mind as I recalled the laughing arguments we had that night about the socially respectable method for moving spaghetti from plate to mouth.Part three: Cultural Notes (10m)1. Spaghetti（意大利式细面条）It is the Italian-style thin noodles. Unlike some Chinese noodles, it is usually served with sauce, not in soupand it will never taste pulpy (多汁的).2. What is the right way of eating spaghetti ?Spaghetti is the Italian-style thin noodle, cooked by boiling and served with sauce. Usually you would put a fork into a plate of spaghetti, turn the fork several times so that spaghetti will wind around the fork, then place the fork into your mouth. It’s impolite to suck.3. The U.S. Grade School System•Kindergarten: under 5 years old /Chinese: under 6years old•Elementary/primary school (grades 1-6): 6-11 years old/ Chinese: (greades1-6) 7-12 years old•Junior high/middle school (grades 7-8): 12-13 years old/Chinese(grades 7-9) 13-15 years old•Senior high school (grades 9-12): 14-17 years old/Chinese: (grades 10-12/13) 16-18/19 years old•College, institute, academy, universityPart four: The Structure of Text A (55m)Why did not he have the dream?(para1: bored English courses, dull grammar,long assignments, lifeless paragraphs)(dream:writer)Baker Why did he have the dream?(background:para1) (because the English class was assigned to Mr.Fleagle.his description:para2 )How did he find the dream?(para3-4:Fleagle distributed students a homework sheet for an essay, Bakerchose the art of eating spaghetti.)Why did he choose the title?(para5)(relive…recapture…violate…)Why did he turn in the essay for himself to Fleagle?(para6:because…wait…)What Fleagle did in the class?(para6-8:classmates…) How did he feel after Fleagle’s reading the essay? (para9:delighted...)1.B aker’s dream (para1-2)What’s his dream?: a writerWhen did he have the dream?:The idea of becoming a writer had come to me off and on since my childhood in Belleville, but it wasn’t my third year in high school that the possibility took hold.Why didn’t he have the dream before the 3rd year in high school?He had been bored by everything associated with English courses. He found English grammar dull and difficult. He hated the assignments to turn out long, lifeless paragraphs that were agony for teachers to read and for me to write.What impression did Fleagle give students?(para.2):When our class was assigned to Fleagle I anticipated another cheerless year in that most tedious of subjects. Mr. Fleagle had a reputation for dullness and inability to inspire. He was formal, rigid, hopelessly out of date, excessively prim. He wore primly severe eyeglasses, prim suits with neckties set primly against the collar buttons of his white shirts. He had a primly pointed jaw, a primly straight nose.The prim manner of speaking was so correct and gentle that he seemed a comic antique.2.How to realize his dream?:first (para.3), Mr. Fleagle distributed a homework sheet to write an informal essay. Baker thought them simple-mined and dull, so Baker did nothing until the night before the essay was due. Baker finally faced up to the task and chose the title: The Art of Eating Spaghetti.second(para.4), Baker recalled the happy moment of eating spaghetti.third(para.5), Baker violated all the rules of formal composition and put down the happy moments for hisown joy, and decided to write another formal one for Mr. Fleagle.fourth(para.6), due to the time, Baker turned in his essay for himself. Mr. Fleagle returned everyone’s but his. So Baker prepared for a command to report to Mr. Fleagle.finally(para.7-8), Mr. Fleagle read Baker’s essay for the class. The entire clas s listened attentively and laughed not in contempt and ridicule but with open-hearted enjoyment. Even Mr. Fleagle smiled.3.Baker’s feeling after teacher’s reading(para.9)?:He was delighted at the demonstration that his words had the power to make people laugh. Teacher gave him the highest appreciation about his essay: this is the essence of the essay. He discovered his calling─writing. Part five: homework (5m)According to the below descriptive words and expressions about a person and try to use them to describe your classmates or a person you are familiar with.(Serious/easy-going, formal/informal, wavy or straight hair, pointed or plat jaw or nose, humorous or not, outdated or modern clothes…)Second PeriodPart one: review task(10m) (ask one or two students to describe a person)Suggested answer:My English teacher is a lady. She has the long and wavy hair, very beautiful. And she has a pointed jaw and a pointed nose. She always wears the clothes in fashion. Her manner of speaking is very gentle and humorous. What’s more, she treats us very well. She is an easy-going teacher and talks to us with smiles on her face. We all like her.Part two: True or False Questions (20m)1. Baker had an idea of becoming a writer at his eleventh grade. (F) The idea of becoming a writer began from his childhood, but it didn’t take hold until to his high school.2. Baker was bored at writing because he had no friends at school. (F) He was bored by everything associated with English course, including grammar and English writing assignments.3. Mr. Fleagle was a dull person only because of his appearance. (F) He had a bad reputation for dullness and inability to inspire, his manners also suggested a dull impression.4. Baker felt no interest in the topic of essay at first.5. Baker had fond memory of eating spaghetti with his family members.6. Bake wrote an essay for his own pleasure.7. Baker didn’t like to compose another essay for Mr. Fleagle. (F) No, he attempted to, but he had no time.8. Baker was praised for his essay because he knew the essence of writing.9. Everybody in the class laughed at Baker’s w riting. (F) No, they were amused at his fancy writing, and laughed heartily.10. Mr. Fleagle encouraged Baker to write by giving him a gift. (F) He praised and encouraged him by saying the last words to him.Part three: analysis of essay writing (40m)1. According to Baker’s essay: The Art of Eating Spaghetti, talk about the essence of the essay. Whatis essay? How to write essay?According to Baker’s essay, we know that a good essay is the reflection of writer’s true feelings not the repetion of all the rules of formal composition. Writer writes simply for his own joy and pleasure not for teachers, recapture and relive the author’s true feelings. So the essence of good essay is to write that one enjoys writing about. This is what the title Writing For Myself means. This is the essence of essay. (see para.5)2. Analysis of writing skills of essayAccording to Text A, the essay is, in a sense, an account of what once happened to you in your life. Writing of this kind usually takes the form of narration with some facts and arguments and some expressions of the author’s feelings. Text A is written according to time clues.2.1 Look for some arguments and supporting details for Baker to support his opinions, and paraphrase these arguments.Argument 1 (para1)The idea of becoming a writer had come to me off and on since my childhood in Belleville, but it wasn’t until my third year in high school that the possibility took hold. (I was bored by everything connected with English courses. I found English grammar dull and difficult. I hated the assignments to turn out long, lifeless paragraphs that were agony for teachers to read and for me to write.)Argument 2 (para2)When our class was assigned to Mr. Fleagle for third-year English I anticipated another cheerless year in that most tedious of subjects. (He had a reputation among students for dullness and not arousing students’ inspiration. He was said to be formal, rigid, and out of fashion/outdated. I prepared for an unfruitful year with Mr. Fleagle and for a long time was not disappointed.)Argument 3 (para4)This title produced an extraordinary sequence of mental images. (Vivid memories came flooding back of a night in Belleville. We were seated around the supper table, we argue about the socially respectable method for eating spaghetti, we laughed cheerly.)2.2 Ask students to look for some sentences for Baker to express his feelings and translate these sentences into Chinese.－Until then I’d been bored by everything associated with English courses. (para1)－I prepared for an unfruitful year with Mr.Fleagle and for a long time was not disappointed(desperate ). (para3)－suddenly I wanted to write about that, about the warmth and good feeling of it, but I wanted to put it down simply for my own joy, not for Mr. Fleagle. It was a moment I wanted to recapture and hold for muself. I wanted to relive the pleasure of that evening. To write it as I wanted, however, would violate all the rules of formal composition I’d learned in school.(para5)－I did my best to avoid showing pleasure, but what I was feelling was pure delight at this demonstration that my words had the power to make people laugh.(para9)2.3 Ask students to look for the time clues in text A and retell the storysuggested answer:Since my childhood in Belleville I haven’t dreamed becoming a writer, until my third year in high school the possibility of the idea took hold. Until then I was bored by everything related to English classes. When our class was assigned to Mr. Fleagle for third-year English I anticipated another cheerless year in that most tedious of subjects. Late in the year we tackled the informal essay, Fleagle assigned an essay to us. Until the night before the essay was due I did nothing, but I finally faced up to the unwelcome task. When I finished writing the essay, the night was half gone and there was no time left to compose a proper and respectable essay for Fleagle. Next morning I had to turn in my tale. Two days passed Fleagle returned everyone’s but mine. When I saw him lift my paper from his desk and knock for the class’s attention I was preparing myself for a command to report to him immediately after school for discipline. When Mr. Fleagle finished, he said that this is the essence of the essay. Congratulations on your writing, Mr. Baker.Part four: Useful Expressions(15m)Translate the below useful expressions into English(teacher tell students these Chinese expressions and let students find the English expressions from the Text A)!1. 断断续续(off and on)2. 对…感到腻味(be bored by ...)3. 觉得…枯燥难懂(find ... dull and difficult)4. 以…而出名(have a reputation for...)5. 据说某人…(sb. be said to be ...)6. 拘谨刻板，落后于时代(formal, rigid and out-of-date)7. 随笔小品文(an informal essay)8. 躺在沙发上(lie on a sofa)9. 不得不面对…(face up to ...)10. 围坐在晚餐桌旁(be seated around the supper table) 11. …重现在我脑海中(... reawake in my mind)12. 自得其乐(for my own joy) 13. 违反规定(violate the rules)14. 不及格分(a failing grade) 15. 别无选择，只好做…(There is no choice but to do...)16. 更不可思议的是(what’s more) 17. 专心听讲(listen attentively)18. 乐乎乎地开怀大笑(laugh with open-hearted enjoyment) 19. 心花怒放(pure delight)20. 最后的时刻(at the eleventh hour)Part five: homework(5m)1.Find out the synonymous words and phrases from Text Afor the words and phrases below.dull (L. 4): bored, lifeless, cheerless, tedious turn out (L. 5): compose, put downanticipate (L. 8): prepare for formal (L.10): rigid, prim, correct, proper, respectablerecapture (L. 35): relive contempt (L. 52): ridicule2. Preview Text B and try to find out the answers to the following questions:1. Who was Mr. Ballou? What was the author’s impression of Mr. Ballou at first? What did the author find about Mr. Ballou later?2. What was the attitude of the author towards reading books before he went into Mr. Ballou’s house? Did t he author’s attitude towards reading changed later?3. How did the author like what Mr. Ballou had given to him?4. What’s the conclusion of this author?Third PeriodPart one: review task : task 1 (task 2 will be handled when the structure of Text B is analyzed) (10m) Part two: Error Correction (15m)Directions: Look carefully at the passage and correct the mistakes. And then underline the words and phrases you’ve just learned.The sight of the picture always associated me to(with) my childhood. Life in school was tideous(tedious) and dull.Discipline(disciplines) from the rigid teachers were unavoidable for any violation out of(of) their commands. However(what’s more), nothing could inspire us to face up with(face up to) the hopless(hopeless) life.Part three(20m): Group Discussion1. What do you learn from the story?(No matter what difficulties we encounter in the future, we should face up to them and try our best to conquer them. We should learn from Baker to dare to write a good essay for his own joy not for Fleagle, that is to say, we should dare to challenge the rules of formal compositions not only obey them, we should learn his spirit to challenge authority. We should believe in our abilities to deal with the difficult problems just as Baker wrote a good essay by himself and got teacher’s appreciation finally. )2．Is there any unforgettable experience during your growing up? What is it? Why? How do you succeed and how do you overcome you failures?We all hope we will experience all the good things in life, such as the happiness of realizing our dreams, the joy of feeling worthwhile, and the satisfaction of knowing we’ve succeeded. Indeed, we cannot always hope to embrace success and never accept failure. And most importantly, only if we learn from many a failure can we do things better and finally overcome such a bad feeling as frustration. It is the part ou our life experience. In our process of growing up, we may inevitably experience it when confronted with situations that don’t come up to our expectations. It is a test of our courage when it befalls us. If we let it controls us, we may fall into sadness. But if we conquer it, it will become our source of inspiration, we may ultimately enjoy the glory of success.3. Summary of text AAs students when we are writing we are often told to keep our readers and teachers in mind, to shape what we say to fit their tastes and interests. So Baker is very confused and does not know how to finish an essay when Mr. Fleagle distributed a homework sheet offering a choice of topics. But there is one reader in particular who should not be forgotten, that is the writer himself. Baker discovered this point. And finally finished the essay writing by putting down the happy memories for himself and obtained the teacher and classmates’ appreciation.Part four: Structure of Text B( 40m)I. Structural Chart of Text B:II. Questions that could guide the students to understand the structure of Text B.1. When did the story take place? What did the author do at that time?This story took place when he was fourteen. He was a student who cut lawns for other people as a summer job to earn money.2. When did the narrator wrote this essay? What did the narrator do when he wrote this essay?Thirty years later. He became an anthropologist at Dartmouth College.3. Who was Mr. Ballou? What was the author’s impression of Mr. Ballou at first?He was one of the neighbors of the author who never paid the author for cutting lawns at all. The author thought that Mr. Ballou was poor but polite at first.(Para.2 “ Mr. Ballou fell into the last category, and he always had a reason why. On one day he had no change for a fifty, on another he was flat out of checks, on another, he was simply out when I knocked on his door.” “I figured him for a thin retiremen t check.” “Grass was grass, and the little that Mr.Ballou’s property comprised didn’t take long to trim.”(Poor)Para.2 “ …always waving or tipping his hat when he’d see me from a distance…” (Polite))4. What did the author find about Mr. Ballou later?Later, the author found that Mr. Ballou was rich in books and experienced in reading.(Para.7 “…I saw that books were stacked everywhere. It was like a library…”(rich in books)Para.8 “ This is nothing…a second time.” (experienced in reading))5. What was the attitude of the author towards reading books before he went into Mr. Ballou’s house?He just read what was in front of him, i.e. he just read randomly for entertainment, and he even didn’t know what were his favorites, none of the books or magazines he read before had any impressions on his memories. (Para. 9 “ I generally read what was in front of me, what I could get from the paperback stack at the drugstore, what I found at the library, magazines, the back of cereal boxes, comics. The idea of consciously seeking out a special title was new to me, but, I realized, not without appeal…”)6. Did the author’s attitude towards reading changed later? When?Yes, his attitude towards reading changed later. In the evening of the day on which he got the book t itled “ The Last of the Just” from Mr. Ballou, he began to read seriously and absorbedly, this book attracted him and impressed him deeply.(Para.16 “ Within a few pages, the yard, the summer, disappeared, and I was plunged into the aching tragedy of the Holocaust, the extraordinary clash of good, represented by one decent man, and evil.”Para.17 “ To this day, thirty years later, I vividly remember the experience. It was my first voluntary encounter with world literature, and I was stunned by the concentra ted power a novel could contain.”)7. Had Mr. Ballou ever paid a cent to the author? What did he give to the author instead? How did the author like what Mr. Ballou had given to him?Mr. Ballou had never paid a cent to the author; he just gave some books to the author as the down payment. The author thought that what Mr. Ballou had given to him was of great value, because he became an anthropology professor later due to these books.(Para20. “ To make two long stories short, Mr. Ballou never paid me a cent for cutting his grass that year or the next, but for fifteen years I taught anthropology at Dartmouth College.8. What’s the conclusion of this author?Reading was not the innocent entertainment, and a right book will change the course of your life.(P ara. 20 “Summer reading was not the innocent entertainment I had assumed it to be, not a light hearted, instantly forgettable escape in a hammock (though I have since enjoyed many of those, too). A book, if it arrives before you …all that follows.”)Part five: Homework(5m)Ask the students to rewrite this essay in their own words, and encourage them to try to use the following wordsin their writings: comprise, motion, clash, represent, decent, evil, voluntary, assume. (120 words).Fourth periodPart one: review task(15m)Suggested answer:When I was fourteen, I earned money in the summer by cutting lawns. Mr. Ballou was one of my neighbors who never paid me at all. But I didn’t mind because the little that his property comprised didn’t take long to trim. O ne day, he motioned me to come into his house, and I saw that books were stacke d everywhere. Mr. Ballou encouraged me to choose some books to read, but I didn’t know what I want at all. So, Mr. Ballou helped to choose one book for me through a careful consideration. I started after supper. Within a few pages, I was plunged into the aching tragedy of the Holocaust, the extraordinary clash of good, represented by one decent man, and evil. It was my first voluntary encounter with world literature, and I was stunned by the concentrated power a novel could contain. Summer reading was not the innocent entertainment I had assumed it to be; a book, if it arrives before you at the right moment, will change the course of all that follows.Part two: Paraphrase and Translate the Following Sentences (35m)1.I got to know people by the flowers they planted that I had to remember not to cut down, by the things theylost in the grass or stuck in the ground on purpose.Paraphrase: My customers would plant some flowers on their lawns, and I had to remember not to cut down these flowers. Or sometimes they would lose or stick some things in the ground intentionally, and these details had helped me to get to know them gradually.客户们种植的花卉我得记住不能剪去，他们有时会将东西遗落在草地上或故意插在地里，通过这些我逐渐认识了他们。
2024年-Unit英语阅读第一册(上外教材英语专业)(精编)
Teaching Procedures
Lead-in Questions: 1. Is your buying of goods influenced by
ads? Why? 2. What do you think of some famous
people advertising for some products or medicine?
Section B
1. Read the passages in this part within 10 mins, and finish the exercises after them.
2. Check the answers.
☆Remember to use the reading skill we have learned.
* Further Reading:
Read the text again and consider the following questions.
1) What is international advertising ? 2) How can we make an international
Unit 11
Advertising
Teaching Objectives
1. Read some passages about advertising. 2. Enable students to know more about
advertising and cultural shock. 3. Do some reading and vocabulary
advertising successful? 3) How do you understand “high context
新编大学生基础英语unit1Lesson1
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1. concrete n. & adj. building material that is made by mixing together cement巩固, sand, small stones and water e.g. This road is made of concrete. The workers embedded嵌入 the big posts in concrete.
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Related Information
Concrete jungle a way of describing a city or an area that is unpleasant because it has many large modern buildings and no trees or parks.
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7. sophisticated adj. having a lot of experience of the world and knowing about fashion, culture and other things that people think are socially important e.g. She is a sophisticated woman. Most politician are very sophisticated.
新编大学英语综合教程1_unit1
Unit 1 Personal RelationshipIn-Class Reading The Gift of Life以生命相赠1 炸弹落在了这个小村庄里。
在可怕的越南战争期间，谁也不知道这些炸弹要轰炸什么目标，而它们却落在了一所由传教士办的小孤儿院内。
2 传教士和一两个孩子已经丧生，还有几个孩子受了伤，其中有一个小女孩，8岁左右，双腿被炸伤了。
3 几小时后，医疗救援小组到了。
医疗小组由一名年轻的美国海军医生和一名同样年轻的海军护士组成。
他们很快发现有个小女孩伤势严重。
显然，如果不立即采取行动，她就会因失血过多和休克而死亡。
4 他们明白必须给小女孩输血，但是他们的医药用品很有限，没有血浆，因此需要匹配的血型。
快速的血型测定显示两名美国人的血型都不合适。
而几个没有受伤的孤儿却有匹配的血型。
5 医生会讲一点越南语，护士会讲一点法语，但只有中学的法语水平。
孩子们不会说英语，只会说一点法语。
医生和护士用少得可怜的一点共同语言，结合大量的手势，努力向这些受惊吓的孩子们解释说，除非他们能输一些血给自己的小伙伴，否则她将必死无疑。
然后他们问孩子们是否有人愿意献血来救小女孩。
6 对医生和护士的请求，孩子们瞪大眼睛，一声不吭。
此时小病人生命垂危。
然而，只有这些受惊吓的孩子中有人自愿献血，他们才能够得到血。
过了好一会儿，一只小手慢慢地举了起来，然后垂了下去，一会儿又举了起来。
7 “噢，谢谢，”护士用法语说。
“你叫什么名字？”8 “兴，”小男孩回答道。
9 兴很快被抱到一张床上，手臂用酒精消毒后，针就扎了进去。
在整个过程中，兴僵直地躺着，没有出声。
10 过了一会儿，他发出了一声长长的抽泣，但立即用那只可以活动的手捂住了自己的脸。
11 “兴，疼吗？”医生问。
12 兴默默地摇了摇头，但一会儿忍不住又抽泣起来，并又一次试图掩饰自己的哭声。
医生又问是不是插在手臂上的针弄疼了他，兴还是摇了摇头。
13 但现在，偶尔的抽泣变成了持续无声的哭泣。
2024上外版新教材高中英语必修一全册单词表(精校打印版)
/hɑːʃ/
adj. 残酷的;严厉的△
phr. 相关的;有联系的
phr. 确保;设法保证
phr. 科幻小说(或影片等)
phr. 提交,上交(尤指书面材料或失物)
phr. 结果是;证明是;原来是
Peabody
/'piːbɒdɪ/
皮博迪(人名)
B
teenager
/'tiːneɪdzə/
n. (13至19岁之间的)青少年
墨西哥[拉丁美洲国家](全称墨西哥合众 国)
B n. 炸薯条 n. 蜗牛△ n. 奶酪 adj. 大为惊奇的 n. (食物的)一份△ n. (BrE )炸薯条△ n. 盘子;碟子 n. 小包装纸袋,小硬纸板盒△ n. (BrE )炸土豆片,炸薯片△ n. (调味)肉汁△ adj. 含盐的;咸的
adj. (构成复合词)以……为重要部分(或特征)
上外版高中英语 必修第一册 单词表
单词 assignment related creative stare blank sheet essay actually fiction distant alien ignore beg sort rather harsh (be) related to make sure science fiction hand in turn out
n. 交流,互访;交换;互换;交流;掉换
finance
/'faɪnæns/
n. (especially BrE )资金
maintain
/meɪn'teɪn/
v. 维持;保持;维修;保养
alongside
/əˌlɒŋˈsaɪd/
prep. 与…一起;与…同时;在…旁边;沿着…的边
2020上外版新教材高中英语必修一全册重点知识点归纳总结解析
Unit1School Life【词汇和短语】assignment n.(分派的)任务related adj.相关的；有联系的creative adj.创造(性)的；创作的stare v.盯着看；凝视blank adj.空白的sheet n.一张essay n.文章，短文actually adv.事实上，的确fiction n.小说distant adj.遥远的；久远的alien n.外星人；外星生物ignore v.忽视；对……不予理会beg v.恳求；哀求sort n.y种类；类别rather adv.相当，在某种程度上harsh adj.残酷的；严厉的(be)related to相关的；有联系的make sure确保；设法保证science fiction科幻小说(或影片等)hand in提交，上交(尤指书面材料或失物)turn out结果是；证明是；原来是teenager n.d(13至19岁之间的)青少年pressure n.心理压力；紧张v.逼迫；使迫未得已expectation n.希望；盼望comfort n.安慰；慰藉v.安慰；抚慰throughout prep.自始至终adult adj.成年人的n.成年人reflect v.认真思考；深思nasty adj.不友好的；令人不愉快的comment n.议论；评论glance n.匆匆一看；一瞥behaviour n.行为；举止shortage n.不足；缺少genuine adj.真诚的；真心的；可依赖的tempt v.引诱；诱惑forward adv.向前chapter n.(人生或历史的)时期，篇章limitation n.限制；不足之处under pressure承受着(急于完成某事的)压力hold hack妨碍进展tip n.指点；实用的提示regular adj.有规律的；定时的concentrate v.集中(注意力)；聚精会神concern n.(对人、组织等)重要的事情；关心facility n.设施；设备puzzled adj.困惑的，迷惑不解的locker n.(体育馆等的)有锁存物柜，寄物柜dustbin n.(常置于房外的)垃圾桶，垃圾箱gymnastics n.体操；体操训练take part in参与某事concentrate on集中(注意力)；聚精会神【词汇重点】1.assignment n.(分派的)任务The assessment for the course involves written assignments and practical tests.这门课程的评估包括各种书面作业和实践测试。
新编英语教程1unit1
04
提前阅读问题，了解需要回答 的内容和要求。
在听的过程中，注意捕捉关键 信息和细节，记录重要内容。
根据问题类型，选择合适的答 题方法，确保答案准确、完整
。
Listening skills sharing
预测答案
根据问题和听力材料的主题，预测可能的答案。
筛选无关信息
在听的过程中，快速筛选出与问题相关的信息，忽略无关内容。
04
reading comprehension
Reading article analysis
文章主题分析
文章结构分析
文章语言特点分析
文章逻辑关系分析
本篇文章主要探讨了英语学习 的技巧和方法，包括词汇、语 法、阅读和写作等方面的学习 建议。
文章采用了总分总的结构，先 总体介绍了英语学习的重要性 ，然后分别从词汇、语法、阅 读和写作四个方面进行了详细 阐述，最后总结了提高英语学 习的关键因素。
Analysis of Listening Materials
词汇量
评估听力材料中涉及的词 汇量，确定是否超出了学 生的词汇范围。
上外版必修1U1核心词汇梳理及练习
上外版必修1U1Across6. a feeling of worry about something important9. what you think or hope will happen10. a piece of work that is given to someone as part of their jobDown1. far away in space or time2. to look at something or someone for a long time without moving your eyes3. rooms, equipment, or services that are provided for a particular purpose4. to deliberately pay no attention to something that you have been told or that you know about5. an opinion that you express about someone or something7. to quickly look at someone or something8. to think very carefully about something that you are doingReading A1. assignmentn. （分派的）任务词转：assign搭配：a tough assignment ；assign two large classrooms to us；assign their best man to the job 用法：assign sth to sb; assign sb to spl.I explained it’s difficult for my child to complete the assignments without lessons.<Slate>2. distantadj. 远的词转：distance搭配：distant stars；a distant memory；distant relative用法：distant +时间/地点/人NASA’s wealth of space hardware continues to shed new light on distant stars.<Fox News>3. starev.,n. 凝视，注视搭配：stare at the paper in front of me；give him a blank stare用法：stare atHe spends every morning in his home staring at his computer screen.<Washington Post>4. ignorevt. 不顾；忽视词转：ignorance；ignorant搭配：ignore their adviceMost delivery people ignored the box and just threw my packages on the doorway like they’ve always done.<The verge>5. make sure 确保；设法保证Employers need to make sure they take sun exposure at work seriously and work out how to reduce it. <Times>6. turn out 结果是；证明是；原来是It turns out that the particles of smog are about the same size of the dust in our galaxy.”< Los Angeles Times>Reading B1. pressuren. 压(力)词转：press搭配：pressure of workTry not to feel under pressure or think you have failed. <The Sun>2. expectationn. 希望；盼望词转：expect；unexpectedly搭配：out of expectation; expect high standards from her; expect to learn a foreign language; expect all their children to be high achievers用法：expect (sb) to doOne obvious explanation is that their expectations are too high.<Times>3. reflectvt. 反射；反映；深思，考虑，反省(on, upon)词转：reflection; reflective搭配：reflect sunlight；be reflected in the mirror；reflect the views of the local community；reflect on the importance of her decision用法：reflect onThe tropics absorb more solar energy than they reflect back into space.<Christianity Today>4. commentn., v. 评论词转：commentary搭配：make comments on my work；comment on their decision用法：comment onInterpol routinely declines to comment on individual cases on privacy grounds.<Seattle Times>5. glancevi. 瞥；看一眼；扫视（at, down, over, round, through）;闪烁n. 一瞥；扫视(at，into，over)；闪烁搭配：glance at her watch；take/have a glance at the newspaper headlines用法：glance atAt first glance, Robertson did not look much like an FBI agent.<Washington Post>Listening and viewing1. concentratev. 集中；全神贯注词转：concentration搭配：concentrate all my efforts on finding somewhere to live；concentrate on this subject用法：concentrate onHe played both sports for a year before concentrating on baseball.<Washington Post>2. concernn. 有关的事；关心；忧虑vt. 对…有关；使关心；使担心词转：concerned; concerning搭配：the matter which concerns you；be concerned with the historical background；What concerns me is…/be concerned about the issue；growing concern about violence on television；parents’ concern for their children用法：sb be concerned about sth; sth concerns sb; sth be concerned with sthThere was no concern for the overall structural integrity of the building.<Seattle Times>3. facilityn. 便利；[常作facilities]设备，设施词转：facilitate搭配：sports facilities；facilitate economic growthClosing the facility is expected to be a complex and time-consuming process.<Washington Times>Homework 11. When you __________ at someone you take a quick look at them.2. Whether you’re an international spy with a new mission or a high school student with math homework — when you get a(n) __________, you’d better do it!3. If you __________ the rules of grammar, you're likely to be misunderstood.4. As hard as it might be to resist looking at them for long periods of time, it's not polite to __________ at celebrities.5. If you __________ on your past experiences, you look at them once again thoughtfully.6. The fact that you caught a cold might be __________ to the fact that the kids you babysat sneezed and coughed all night long.7. If you love pizza, getting the crust just so is a major __________ during your pizza party.8. A(n) __________ is a belief about what might happen in the future.9. To __________ is to state your opinion or make a remark on something.10. The word ‘__________’describes something that's far away, like another planet, a ship far out at sea, or the cousin who never calls or shows up for family events.Key: glance; assignment; ignore; stare; reflect; related; concern; expectation; comment; distant Homework 21. The buildings they wanted to save were centuries old, located in __________ parts of the country.2. Most delivery people __________ the box and just threw my packages on the doorway like they’ve always done.3. Spare some time to relax every day so that the __________ from work can be relieved better.4. More and more people begin to be __________ about the growth of poor children.5. Although calls to share data often __________ on the moral advantages of sharing, the practice is not purely beneficial to others.6. As long as you know how to __________ on your mistakes, you can draw lessons from them.7. The result of the election was out of __________, which made most people quite disappointed.8. Without time management skills, you might find yourself cramming before classes or handing in poor-quality __________.9. The judges made helpful __________ on my performance of the interview.10. At first __________, you’d think that rice wouldn’t make the cut, but in Asia most rice is of the short- or medium-grain variety.key: distant; ignored; pressure; concerned; concentrate; reflect; expectation; assignments; comments; glanceHomework 31. 这个问题很值得讨论，它与我们未来的生活息息相关。
新编英语教程 unit 1
Unit 1Language StructureMain Teaching Points: The passive sentence1 This is called a pencil shapener in English. (in the simple present )2 The tableware has already been cleaned. (in the present perfct)3 I was invited to the party the other day. (in the past tense)4 A lecture on stamp-collecting will be given tomorrow week. (in the future)Useful expressionsclean the tableware set the table make the firemown the lawn perform a folk dance/conjuring tricksDialogueA New Life on CampusA. Listening to the recordingB. Questions on specific details1. What does secondary school mean?noun a school for young people between the ages of 11 and 16 or 18 中等学校，中学2. How to call the grade one, grage two, grade three and grade fourstudents?Freshmen, sophomores, and juniors, seniors and gradute students.3. What does orientation program mean?A program that introduces new students to university life.C. Useful expressions1. annually-renewable contract: adv. every year; once a yearannual: adj. happening every yearEg. 1) The meeting is held annually in Shanghai.2) How much is the annual output of steel in this company?2. in general : mainly; mostly; usually总的来说，一般来说in particular特别是，尤其是Eg. 1) I like animals in general, and dogs in particular.2) In general, they want more pays and shorter working hours.总的来说，他们希望工资多些，工时少一些。
全新版上外第一册单词表(带英文释义)
单词词性英文解释汉语课文a couple of more than one but indefinitely small in number 几个；一对，一双2Aabandon vt. stop maintaining or insisting on; of ideas or claims 抛弃，放弃4A above all most important of all 最重要的是4Aabsolutely ad. 完全地，极其2Aansorb vt. 完全吸引住…的注意；吸收6Aaccelerate vt. 使加快，使增速4Baccess n. 接近；进入；享用8Baccompany vt. 陪伴，陪同7Baccumulate v. 积累，积聚8Aacid a..n. 酸（性的）；酸味的（物质）3Aacquaintance n. 相识的人；（略微的）了解5Aacquire vt. （靠自己的能力、努力等）取得，获得；学到4Bacre n. 英亩2Baddiction n. 瘾；沉溺5Baddition n. 加法；增加8Badequate a. 充分的，足够的7Badjust vt. 校准；调准6BAdo n. 厄杜（中文指动物名）7Badolescent n. 青少年8Badult n. a fully grown person or animal 成年人；成年动物1Aadvanced a. not elementary 非初步的；高等的4Baffect vt. have an influence on 影响8Aaffection n. feeling of fondness 喜爱；爱7Baggressive a. 有进取心的4Eagony n. very great pain or suffering of mind or body （身心的）极度痛苦1A AIDS n. 艾滋病3Ealarm vt. make feel suddenly frightened or worried 使惊慌；使恐慌7BAlfredo Quinones-Hinojosa n. 阿尔弗雷多·金尼奥内斯-伊诺霍萨4Balgebra n. 代数学8Balien a. foreign;strange 外国的；陌生的3Aall the way 自始至终，一直2AAllen n. 艾伦（男人名）1Aamaze vt. surprise（sb.)very much 使惊愕，使诧异4Aamazement n. 惊愕，诧异/ambitious a. 有雄心的1Eamong other as well as other people or things (除列举到的之外）还有许多5B amount n. quantity;total sum 数量；总数3Bamuse vt. cause to laugh or smile;cause to spend time in a pleasant manner 逗乐；给…提供娱乐4Aancestor n. 祖先，祖宗8Aand all that and other similar things 诸如此类的5Aangel n. 天使3Eankle n. 踝；踝节部6Aannouncement n. a statement that tells people about sth. 声明，告示3Banonymous a. done，made or given by sb.who does not reveal his name 匿名的5B Antarctica n. 南极洲3Banthropologist n. 人类学者7Aanticipate vt. 预期，期望1Aantique n. 古物，古玩1Aanxiety n. 忧虑；焦虑5Banyway ad. (used to change the subject of a conversation or to support an idea or argunent)anyhow 不管怎么说3AApocalypse n. （基督教《圣经·新约》中的）《启示录》3B apologetically ad. 道歉地2Aapologetic a. showing or saying that one is sorry for some fault or wrong 道歉的；带着歉意的/apparently ad. it is clear (that) 明显地7Aapparent a. /apprentice n. 学徒4Aapproach v. come near(er) to 接近4Aapproach n. 接近的途径6Eappropriate a. suitable or right 适当的，得体的8Bapproval n. feeling or showing that one thinks sth. Is good or acceptable 赞成；认可；满意5Barithmetic n. 算术；计算8BArnold Fine n. 阿诺德·法因6Bask around talk to different people in order to find out sth. 四处打听5A assess vt. judge the quality,importance or worth of 估量，评估7Aassign vt. give as a share or duty 分配，分派1Aassignment n. a piece of work that is given to a particular person （分配的）工作，任务，作业1Aassociate vt. join or connect together;bring in the mind 是联系起来；使联想1A assume vt. support 假设；以为4Aastonishment n. very great surprise 惊讶7Bastronomy n. 天文学3Aat first at the beginning 起先7Aat first sight when seen or considered for the first time 乍一看，一见之下7B at hand 在手边；临近8Bat the moment now 此刻，目前3AATM 自动出纳机4Eattachment n. 依恋；附属品7Battach vt. 连接；使依恋；使依属/available a. able to be used,had or reached 可用的；可得到的2Aavoid vt. keep or get away from 避免1Aaward vt. give or grant (by official decision) 授予；给予1Bawful a. (infml)(used to add force) very great; very bad or unpleasant 非常的，极大的；可怕的，糟糕的2Abackground n. 背景3Abackward ad.,a 向后（的）2Bbalance n. 平衡；余额4Abalance sheet n. 资产负债表4ABaltimore n. 巴尔的摩（美国马里兰州中北部港口）4Bbanker n. 银行家；银行高级职员4Abar n. 横杆；条；块2Bbare a. not covered by clothes 赤裸的2Bbarely ad. only just ; scarcely 仅仅；几乎不2Bbasement n. 地下室4Abasic n. 基础3Abat vt. 眨（眼睛）8Bbe grateful to (sb.)for (sth.) 因（某事）而感激（某人）6Abe in love with (sb.) 热恋着（某人）6Bbe lose in / lose oneself in be absorbed in ,be fully occupied with 专心致志于2A befriend vt. help; act as a friend to 帮助；以朋友态度对待8Abehavior n. the way one acts or hehaves 举止，行为7Abehaviorist n. 行为主义者7ABelleville n. 贝尔维尔（美国地名）1Abeloved a. much loved 深爱的；亲爱的5Abenchmark n. a standard or point of reference against which things may be compared 基准，基准尺度5Bbenefit n. 好处利益8Bbenefit vt. have a good or useful effect on 有益于8BBenjamin Stein n. 本杰明·斯坦8Abetter off richer; more comfortable更富有；更舒服8ABill McIntosh n. 比尔·麦金托什2Bbiologist n. 生物学家7Bbitterness n. 愤怒，委屈，怨恨5Abitter a. feeling or showing anger ,hurt ,or resentment 愤怒的，委屈的，怨恨的/blacken v. （使）变黑2BBlanchard n. 布兰查德（姓氏）6Ablank a. without expression ; without writing , or other marks 没有表情的；空白的7Ablessing n. 幸事2Eblueprint n. a design for a building or machine , with white lines on a blue background 蓝图4Aboard v. get or supply with meals and usu . Lodging for payment 为…提供膳宿；搭伙，寄宿5Abond n. 联系T1Boone n. 布恩（姓氏）1Bborder n. 边界；边界地区4Bbravery n. being brave ; courage 勇敢；胆量2BBrazil n. 巴西8Abreak down stop working ; fail , collapse 停止远转；失败，垮了8Abride n. 新娘6Bbrief a. short ; quick 简洁的；短暂的3Abring about make (sth.) happen 引起，导致3Abroaden v. make or become broadder （使）变宽；（使）扩大6Abroccoli n. 球花甘蓝4Bbrutish a. 野兽般的，野蛮的3Abud v. 发芽；萌发6Abud n. （枝叶的）芽；花蕾6Abulk n. 大部分；（巨大的）体积3Bbump vi. 颠簸的前进2Bbumpy a. 颠簸的2Bburn off 烧掉2Bburn into suddenly start (burning , cry etc. 突然（烧、哭等）起来2Bby any chance perhaps ; possibly 或许；可能7Bcab n. a taxi 出租车2Acab n. 驾驶室2Ecabbie n. (infml) a taxi driver 出租车司机2Acblculation n. 计算8Acalculator n. 计算器8Bcalculus n. 微积分4BCalexico n. 加利西哥（美国加州一城市名）4BCalifornia n. 加利佛尼亚州（美国州名）4Bcall for require , demand 要求8Bcall in visit a place or a person , esp. for a short time 召集；召来6Bcall on visit (sb.) for a short time 拜访4Acalling n. a profession or career ; a feeling of duty to do a particular job 职业；使命1Acancer n. 癌3Bcancerous a. 生癌的；患癌症的4Bcapacity n. the ability to understand or do sth. 能力，才能4Acaptivity n. 被俘；监禁；束缚7Acare for look after ; take care of 照看；照顾5Acareer n. 生涯，事业；职业1Acartoon n. 漫画；动画片3Acasually ad. 漫不经心地，随便地8Bcasual a. 随便的/casualty n. 伤亡5Ecatastrophe n. a sudden great disaster 大灾难3Bcatch up on (sth.) 事后了解关于…的情况；弥补（耽搁下来的工作等）6B catch up with talk to sb. Who one has not seen for some time to find out what he/ she has been doing 赶上，追上；逮捕；处罚2Bcauliflower n. 花椰菜，花菜4Bcautious a. taking great care to avoid danger 谨慎的7BCD n. compact disc 激光唱片；（计算机用的）光盘8Achallenge n.,vt. 挑战3Bchallenging a. offering problems that test sb’s ability ; stimulating 挑战的；激励的5BChantek n. 夏特克（中文指动物名）7Acharacter n. （人的）品德；品质；性格4A,2Bcharacterize vt. 成为…的特征3BCharlene Jendry n. 查伦·延德里7ACharlie n. 查理（男子名）1Achase vt.,n. 追逐，追捕7Bcheck on examine (sth.) to discover if it is true , safe , correct , etc. 检查；调查；查看4Acheerless a. gloomy ; depressing 阴郁的；沉闷的1Achill v. become or make(sth.or sb.)cold （使）变冷；（使）不寒而栗8A chimpanzee n. 黑猩猩7Bchin n. 下巴，颏6Achip n. 薄片；碎片；集成电路片7Achoke v. （使）窒息；堵塞2Achoke up become too upset to speak （因激动等）哽得说不出话；堵塞2A chore n. 麻烦事T1chronic a. (esp.of a disease) lasting for a long time （尤指疾病）慢性的4B circumference n. 圆周8Bcivilization n. 文明3Aclaim vt. say that (sth.) is true or is a fact without having any proof 声称；断言8B clasp vt. grasp tightly with one's hand ; hold firmly 抓紧；紧握1B,6Eclassic n. outstanding example of its kind 典范；典型5Aclassic a. very typical 典型的5Aclean up make clean and tidy 打扫，清除4ACleveland Zoo n. 克利夫兰动物园7Bcloud vt. （云、烟等）覆盖，遮蔽2Bclue n. 线索6Bcoach vt. 辅导T2colleague n. a person one works with 同事3BColo n. 科洛（中文指动物名）7Acolony n. （生长在同一地方的动物或植物）群，群体；殖民地7A Columbia Zoo n. 哥伦比亚动物园7Acombination n. 结合（体）；联合（体）；混合（体）4Bcome across meet or discover by chance 偶然遇到，碰上6Bcome to an end finish 结束6Bcome to / round regain consciousness, esp.unexpectedly （尤指意想不到的）发生，出现2Acomic a. 滑稽的；喜剧的1Acomic n. 连环漫画（册）1Acommand n.,vt. 命令，指令1Acommencement n. 学位授予典礼（日）；毕业典礼（日）4B commonplace a. common, ordinary 普通的，平凡的8Bcommunicate vi. share opinions, feelings, informations, etc. 交流，交际8B community n. 社区8Ecompanion vt. spend time or go somewhere with (sb.) 陪伴6Acompare to 相比；比得上1Bcompare with 与…相比3Bcompassion n. 同情；怜悯4Bcompete vi. try to win or gain sth.by defeating others who are trying to do the same 竞争；对抗5Acompete against / with 与…竞争；与…对抗5Acompetent a. having the ability or skill needed for sth. 有能力的，能胜任的8B competition n. 竞争；比赛3Acompetitive a. 竞争（或比赛）的4Bcompetitor n. 竞争对手7Ecomplex a. not simple 复杂的8Acompliment vt. praise 赞扬4Acompliment n. 赞美的言辞或行为4Acompose vt. write or create (music, poetry, etc.) 创作1Acomprehend vt. understand fully 理解；包含；由 (4)computation n. 计算8Bconceivably ad. 可想象到地5Aconcentrate on direct (one's attention, efforts, etc.) towards 集中（注意力、精力等）于8Bconcept n. 概念3Aconcern n. worry; anxiety; matter of interest or importance to sb. 担心；忧虑；关心的事5Bconclude v. (cause to)come to an end; reach a judgment (that0（使）结束；推断出3B conclusion n. 结论3Bconference n. a formal meeting （正式）会议3Bconfidence n. 信心4Aconfuse vt. 使困惑8Bconfusion n. state of being mixed up 困惑3Bconnection n. 联系；连接4Bconsciousness n. 意识7Aconservationist n. 自然资源保护论者7Aconsultant n. 顾问7Acotact vt. get in touch with 与…接触3Acontamination n. 污染3Bcontempt n. 轻视；轻蔑1Acontemptible a. 令人鄙视的；可轻蔑的8Acontrast n. 对照1Econtribute v. 做出贡献；贡献出8Bcontroversy n. 争论；争议7Aconvey vt. make (ideas, feeling, etc.) known to another 传达；表达3A convince vt. make(sb.) feel sure by the use of argument or evidence 使确信，使信服7A cookout n. （常指自家后院的）露天烤肉餐4Bcooperate vi. act or woke together 合作，协作7Acoronary n. 冠状动脉的5Acorrespond vi. exchange letters regularly 通信6Acorrespondence n. the act of writing,receiving or sending letters; letter 通信（联系）；信件6Acouncil n. 委员会8Bcounty n. （英国的）郡；（美国的）县8Acourageous a. brave; fearless 勇敢的，无畏的2Bcoveted a. 梦寐以求的T1coward n. 懦夫8Aco-worker n. a fellow worker 同事4Bcoyote n. 北美草原的郊狼7Bcrash v. violently hit (sth.else) in a car or plane accident 撞，撞坏；坠毁2Bcrew n. 一对工作人员4Bcritically ad. 批判地3Bcritical a. 批判的/curl n. 鬈发6Acurve v. （使）弯曲6Acustodial a. 监管的T2cut down reduce the quantity of (sth.) 减少8Bcut off stop providing (sth.) ;remove (sth.) by cutting 切断，中断；切下，剪下3Adamn a.,n. (infml) (ed in negatives)(of) even the smallest amout 丝毫4A damn int. （表示愤怒、厌烦等）该死，讨厌1Bdarling a. dearly loved 心爱的人；亲爱的6Bdatabase n. 数据库5Edaunting a. discouraging; frightening 是人气馁的；吓人的4Bday off day on which one does not have to woke 休息日5Adazzling a. 眩惑的，感人的T2deadline n. point in time by which sth.much be done 最后期限3Bdealing n. business relations 交易，买卖7Adearly ad. very much 非常地5Adeceive v. try to make (sb.) believe sth.that is false 欺骗7Adecimal n. 小数4Adecline v. refuse (sth.offered), usu.politely 谢绝7Bdelegate v. entrust (duties,etc.) to sb.in a lower position or grade 授权；把…委托给下级5Bdelicate a. fragile; soft 软弱的；柔软的1Bdemanding a. needing much skill or effort; making others meet high standards 费力的；需要技能的；要求高的4Bdemented a. 疯狂的7Edemocratic a. 民主的3Ademonstration n. act of showing or proving sth.表明；证明1Adepression n. 忧愁；沮丧5Bdeserve vt. do sth.or have qualities worthy of 应受，应得，值得4Bdespair n. 绝望2Bdesperately ad. 绝望地；极度地1Bdestination n. 目的地2Adetail n. small, particular fact or item 细节5Bdetermination n. 决心；决定4Adevastating a. very destructive 破坏性极大的，毁灭性的4Bdevastation n. 破坏，蹂躏3Bdevice n. 装置，设备8B,3Edevotion n. loyalty ; giving of oneself (to a person, cause,etc) 忠诚；献身7B diabetes n. 糖尿病4Bdiagram n. 图表；图解3Adial vt. 拨电话号码2Edictate n. (usu.pl.) 命令；支配7Bdie of 死于5Adiet n. food and drink usually taken by a person or group 日常饮食4Adignity n. 尊严1Bdilemma n. 两难境界6Edinosaur n. 恐龙7Adisarray n. 混乱；紊乱5Bdisaster n. an event causing great suffering and damage 灾难7Adiscard vt. (fml) throw away 抛弃4Adiscipline n. punishment ; order kept ( among school-children , soldiers , etc.) 惩罚，处分；纪律1Adiscourage vt. 使灰心，使泄气8Bdiscreetly ad. 谨慎地；审慎地5Adisdain vt. despise 鄙视，蔑视4B,6Edismay n. feeling of shock and discouragement 惊愕；气馁1Bdisplay vt. stop (esp.a feeling or quality) 流露；显示，展示7Bdistill vt. 提炼T2distinction n. difference 区别，差别7Bdistract vt. stop (sb.) concentrating on sth. 使分心5Bdistribute vt. divide and give out among people, place,etc. 分发，分配，分送1A ditch vt. (infml) get rid of 抛弃，丢弃8Bditchdigger n. 挖沟机4Bdiversion n. 转向；转移5Bdivine a. 神圣的6Edivision n. 除法；分开8Bdivorce n. 离婚5Bdivorce v. 与（某人）离婚5Bdo with (used in questions with what) 对待，处理4Ado without 没有…而设法对付过去3Adominant a. ruling; most import or strongest 统治的；占优势的7Adominate v. 不容他人插嘴T2donstion n. 捐赠T1doorframe n. 门框2Bdown payment 定金；（分期付款的）出付款额4Adownsizing n. 裁员T1drag vi. 拖着脚步走1Bdramatically ad. in a noticeable or sudden way 戏剧性地；引人注目地7B dramatize vt. write (sth.) again in a form which can be performed 将…改编为剧本，将…戏剧化8Adraw on use…as a resource 利用；动用；靠2Bdrive home make (sth.) clear so that people understand it 使清楚无误地理解8Adriveway n. 宅旁私家车道4Adrown out (of a sound) be louder than (another sound) and prevent it being heard （指声音）淹没1Bdrugstore n. (AmE) （兼营杂货的）药房8Aease vt. 减轻（痛苦，负担等）2Beasier said than done more diffcult to do than to talk about 说比做容易5Beat up 吞噬；吃完2Becstatic a. showing great joy or happiness 狂喜的4BEd 埃德（男子名）2Aeducate vt. teach or train 教育3Aeducator n. 教育工作者；教育家8Beffective a. 有效的8BEinstein 爱因斯坦（1879-1955，美籍德国理论物理学家3AEl Nino n. “厄尔尼诺”现象3Belaborate a. 复杂的；精心制作的7Beldest a. first-bborn; oldest 第一出生的；年龄最大的5Aelectrical a. 电的8Belement n. 成分；元素3Aelementary a. 小学的；基础的，基本的4Belevator n. 电梯6Bembarrass vt. entrust (duties,etc.) to sb.in a lower position or grade 使尴尬；使局促不安5Aemergency n. an unexpected and dangerous happening which must be dealt with at once 紧急情况；突发事件7Aemotion n. 情感，感情7Bemotionally ad. 情感上5Bencounter vt. meet , esp.unexpectedly 遇到，遭遇7Aengineering n. 工程；工程学3Aenjoyment n. pleasure; satisfaction 愉快；欢乐；满意1Aensure vt. make sure 确保，保证3Aentertain vt. give pleasure to ;have as a guest 给…以欢乐；招待3Aenthusiasm n. great eageness 热情，热忱4Benthusiastic a. very interested (in) or keen (on) 极感兴趣的；热心的5B environment n. 环境；周围情况4Bepidemic a. 等式，方程式3Aerect a. 挺值的，直立的6Bessay n. 散文，小品文；论说文1Aessence n. 木质；精髓1Aessential a. necessary ; most inportant 必要的；重要的8Bestablishment n. 机构，企业；建立8Bestimate vt. form a judgment about 估计2Aeternal a. 永久的，永恒的8Eethic n. 行为准则5Eevaluate vt. assess 评估，评价3Bevery now and then sometimes, at times 有时2Aevidence n. sth.that gives a reason for belience sth.;trace 证据；迹象7A,3Bevident a. clear, obvious 明显的3Aevolutionary a. 进化的；进化论的7Bexcel in/at(sth.) be exceptionally good at (sth.) 擅长4Bexception n. person or thing that is left out 例外1Bexcessively ad. 过分地1Aexchange vt. 交换，互换6Bexclaim v. 惊叫，呼喊2Bexclusive a. 高级的；奢华的4Eexecutive n. person or group in a business organization, etc.with administrative or manageral powers （企业等中的）行政领导；管理人员5Aexhibit vt. display 展示7Bexpand v. (cause to) grow larger 扩大，扩展7Aexpectation n. 期待；预期1Bexperimentation n. 实验，试验3Bexpertise n. 专门知识或技能2Eexplore vt. examine thoroughly , learn about 探索，探究7Aexplosion n. 爆炸2Bextend v. (cause to) stretch or reach ; make larger or longer 延长；延伸；扩建部分4Bextensively ad. to a large extent , or in a large amount 广泛地；大量地7Aextent n. 程度，范围2Bextracurricular a. outside the normal course of study at a school or college 课外的5A extraordinary a. very unusual or strange 不同寻常的；奇特的1Aextreme a. of the highest degree or intensity 极度的5Bfable n. 寓言8Aface up to be brave enough to accept or deal with 勇敢的接受或应对1Afactor vt. 将…分解因子8Bfactor n. 因素8Bfaculty n. any of the powers of the body or mind 官能8Afalsify vt. 窜改；扭曲7Bfavorite n. person or thing liked more than others 特别受喜爱的人5Afavorite a. best liked 最喜欢的5Afeat n. 技艺；业绩，功绩7Afee n. 费（如会费等）1Bfertile a. (of land) able to produce good crops 肥沃的，富饶的6Afiction n. 小说；虚构3Afieldwork n. 田间耕作工作；实地考察工作4Bfieldworker n. 田间工作着，实地考察工作者4Bfigure out understand ; reason out 理解；推断出7Afile n. a collection of papers on one subject 档案，卷宗8Afilling station 加油站2E,4Bfilter v. 渗过，渗透1Bfilthy a. disgustingly dirty 污秽的；肮脏的4Bfinally ad. at last 最终，终于1Afinance n. 财政；金融5Afinancial a. concerning money and finance 金融的；财政的8A,7Efinding n. (usu.pl.) 调查（或研究）的结果3Bfire-fly n. 萤火虫3Efit into be part of a situation, system,etc.;be part of a group of people or things 适合；符合；属于3Aflame n. 火焰，火舌2Bflesh n. 肉2Bfling vt. throw quickly and with a lot of force 抛、扔、掷2Bflip vt. 转动；使翻转4Bflock n. （鸟、兽等）一群7BFlorida n. （美国）佛罗里达州6Afocus on concentrate on 集中5Bfoe n. (lit) an enemy 敌人8Afoil n. 金属薄片，箔7Afolder n. holder for loose papers 文件夹8Afor sale intended to be sold 待售4Afor sure (infml) certainly so , without doubt 毫无疑问6Bforearm n. 前臂2Bforeman n. 领班；工头4Bformal a. (too) serious and careful in manner and behavior ; based on correct or accepted rules 刻板的，拘谨的；正式的，正规的1Aformer a. 以前的，早先的，旧时的4BFortune 500 《财富》500强（指《财富》杂志每年评出的全球500家最大的企业）5Bfoxhole n. 散兵坑（小型掩体）8Aframework n. 框架；结构3Afrankly ad. 坦率地4Bfrank a. showing thoughts and feeling openly ; honest and direct in speech 坦白的；直率的/frustrate vt. cause (sb.) to feel discouraged or disappointed 使沮丧，使灰心3B fulfilling a. satisfying 令人心满意足的5Bfunction vi. operate ; act 运作；起作用8A,4Bfunction n. 作用，功能8A,5Bfuneral n. 葬礼5AGail Laule 盖尔·劳尔7Agang n. 一伙歹徒7Egasoline n. 汽油2Bgaze n.,v. 凝视，注视7Agene n. 基因7Bgeneralized a. 广义的，普遍的8Bgenetic a. 基因的；遗传（学）的3Agenuinely ad. 真正地；名副其实地5Bgenuine a. real ; truly what it is said to be 真的；名副其实的geometry n. 几何学8Bget around 各处走动7Bget by (on sth.) manage to live (using the specified resources （靠某物）勉强维生4Bget rid of destroy ; become free of 消灭；除去2Bgiant a. of great size or force 巨大的4Agiant n. 巨人4Agive in 让步；屈服；投降7Agive up stop doing or having 放弃5Aglobal a. worldwide , of the whole earth 世界的，全球的3Aglow n. a warm light 光亮，光辉6Ago ahead continue ; begin 去（做、看等）吧2Ago by (of time) pass （时间）逝去2Ago far help very much ; achieve much success 帮助很大；很有成效7Ago sb.'s way go in sb.'s direction 朝某人走去6Ago wrong stop developing well 有毛病，出故障7Agolf n. 高尔夫球运动5Agoodness int. 天哪6Bgorilla n. 大猩猩7Agossip v. 说长道短T1grab vt. take hold of (sth./sb.) suddenly 一把抓住2Bgrab at seize(sb./sth.) eagerly or desperately 抓住，夺得5Agrader n. （美）（中小学的）…年级学生8Bgradual a. 逐渐的；渐变的3Bgrand a. splendid in size or appearance 宏伟的；壮丽的6Agrant n. 授予物（如权利、补助金等）4Bgrasp n. understanding 掌握，了解3Agrass n. (sl俚) marijuana 大麻5Agrateful a. feeling or showing thanks to another person 感激的6Agreenhouse n. 温室3Agrill n. 烤架4Bgrin vi.,n. 咧嘴笑2Bgrind vt. 磨，磨碎，碾碎4Agrinder n. 磨工4Agrip n. a firm hold 紧握6A,2Bgrip v. take a tight hold (of) 握紧，紧握6A,3Bgroom n. 新郎6Bgrowth increase ; growing 增长，增加8Bguy n. 家伙2Agym n. (short for) gymnasium 健身房；体育馆1BHalloween n. （基督教）万圣节前夕2Ahalt v. (cause to) stop 停止，停住7Ahalve vt. 将…减半3Ahandful n. 一把；少量8Ahandle vt. manage ; control 管理，处置；操纵4Ahang on continue with effort 坚持2Bhang out (infml) stay in or near a place, not doing very much 闲逛；徘徊2A hardware n. 五金器具；（计算机的）硬件4Aharness vt. control and make use of 驾驭；利用3AHarvard Medical School 哈佛医学院4Bhaunt vt. make (sb.) worry or make (them) sad; (of ghosts) visit (a place) regularly 使担忧，使苦恼；（鬼魂）常出没于6Ahead for move towards 向…行进4Bheadline n. （报纸上新闻报道等的）标题3Bheadphone n. 头戴式受话器；耳机8Aheap vt. 大量地给予；使成堆7Bheart-attack n. sudden illness with irregular and violent beating of the heart 心脏病发作5Aheartbreak n. 极度伤心；令人心碎的事7Bheart pacemaker n. 心脏起搏器3Eheel n. （鞋，袜等的）后跟；脚后跟，踵6Ahence ad. as a result, therefore ; from this time 因此；从此3Ahere and there 各处1Bhesitate vi. pause before doing sth.or making a decision 踌躇，犹豫6Ahey int. 嗨（用以唤起注意等）6Bhighlight n. the best or most exciting or interesting part 最重要的事件；最精彩的部分2Bhighly ad. very 很，非常3Ahip n. 臀部2Bhoe vt. 用锄除草；用锄整地1Bhold back prevent the expression of (feelings, tears,, etc.) 控制（情感、眼泪等）1Ahomey a. (infml) pleasant ; like home 舒适的；像家一样的4Ahonesty n. 真诚；诚实4Bhop vt. cross(a ditch,etc.) by jumping 跳过（沟等）4Bhope for wart and expect(sth.) 希望，期望6Bhorizon n. 眼界，见识；地平线7Ahug vt.,n. 拥抱1Bhumanistic a. 人道主义的；人本主义的4Bhumble a. 谦卑的；卑微的8Ahunt v. 寻找；打猎，猎取4A,2Bhut n. 小屋；棚屋8Aidentify vt. recognize or say who or what (sb./sth.) is 识别6Aidentity n. 身份6Bidle a. lazy; not doing anything 懒散的；空闲的8Aignite v. (cause to) catch fire 点燃；使燃烧4Bignrance n. 无知；愚昧8Aignorant a. knowing little or nothing 无知的；不知道的8Aillegal a. against the law ; not legal 不合法的；违法的4Bimage n. a picture formed in the mind 形象；印象；（图）像1Aimmediately ad. directly or closely 形象地3Bimmense a. very large 巨大的8Bimmigrant n. （外来）移民4Bimmigrant a. 移民的；移入的4Bimpairment n. 损害，消弱8Eimpatient a. not patient 不耐烦的5Bimpress vt. have a faxorablr effect on (sb.); make (sb.) feel admiration and respect 给…深刻的印象，使钦佩4Bin bad/good shape in bad/good physical condition 身体状况差（好）2Bin response to in answer to 作为对…的回应6Ain sb.'s interest(s) to sb.'s advantage 为了某人的利益7Ain search of 寻找4Bin short in a few words ; briefly 总之；简言之5Bin terms of 从…方面（或角度）来说；按照，根据3Ain the distance far away 远离2Ain the frist place in the beginning ; to begin with 首先8Bin the form of having the shape of ; existing in a particular form 呈…的形状；以…形式3Ain the wake of coming after or following 紧紧跟随...；在 (2)in the world （用以加强语气）竟然，到底，究竟7Bin two minds 犹豫不决；三心二意3Ainability n. lack of power, skill or ability 无能，无力1Ainaccessible a. very difficult or impossible to reach 达不到的；难得到的7A incorrectly ad. 不正确的8Bincredible a. diffcult to believe; amazing or fantasic 难以置信的；惊人的；奇异的4B indicate vt. 表明7Bindifference n. a lack of interest or feeling 漠不关心8Aindividual n.,a. 个人的8Bindoors ad. 进入室内；在屋里7Bindustrial a. 工业的8Aindustrialist n. 工业家，实业家4Ainexpensive a. low priced ; not expensive 廉价的，不贵的8Binformal a. (of speech,writing) conversational in style ; not formal （指讲话、文字）口语体的；非正式的1Ainformed a. 有知识的，了解情况的；明智的3Ainitial a. of or at the beginning, first 开始的，最初的3Binitiate vt. 发起T1initiative n. 首创精神；主动3Ainjury n. 伤害，损伤2Binjustice n. lack of justice 不公平，不公正4Binnocent a. 天真无邪的；清白的1Binput n. what is put in ; action of putting sth.in 投入（物）；输入5Binquiring a. showing an interest in knowing about things 好问的，爱探索的3A inquiry n. request for information 打听，询问5A,5Binquire v. 询问/insightful a. 具有洞察力的6Ainsight n. 洞察力/inspire vt. fill (sb.) with confidence, eagerness,etc. 激励，鼓舞1Ainstantly ad. at once; immediately 立刻；马上5Ainstinct n. 本能；生性7Binstruct vt. 指示；教育8Binstructor n. a person who instructs 指导员；教员8Binstrument n. 工具，器械，仪器4Aintegrity n. quality of being honest and responsible ; state of being complete 正直；完整4Aintellectual a. 智力的8Aintelligence n. 智力7Aintelligent a. 聪明的，有才智的/interact vi. 互相作用；互相影响4Bintimacy n. 昵称关系；亲密5Bintrospection n. 沉思5Einventiveness n. 发明才能，创造力3AIreland 爱尔兰8Airony n. 具有讽刺意味的事T1issue vt. 颁布，发行3BIwo Jima 硫磺岛（日本岛屿）8Ajam vi. get stuck 发生故障；卡住；堵塞8Ajaw n. 颌，颚1Ajournal n. 期刊，杂志3Bjoyous a. filled with , showing or causing joy 充满欢乐的；令人高兴的4B judgment n. 判断；意见，看法7Ajungle n. 丛林T2keen a. (of interest, feeling, etc.) strong ; deep 强烈的；热切的6Akeep in touch (with) （与…）保持联系，保持接触2Akeep up continue without stopping 保持2Akeep up with 跟上4Bkeeper n. （动物园的)饲养员7Akidapper n. 绑架者6Ekind/sort of a little bit , in some way or degree 有几分，有点儿2Akindly a. 亲切的；和蔼的；仁慈的6Akneel vi. 屈膝7Eknot n. （绳等的）结6Bknow of sb./sth. have information anout sb./sth. 知道，了解…；听说过…6B know/learn by heart memorize, remember exactly 记住，能背出2Alaboer n. person who does heavy unskilled work 劳工；工人1Blaid-off a. 下岗的4Eland vt. 赢得；得到4Blapel n. （西服上衣的）翻领6Alaser printer n. 激光打印机5Elasting a. continuing for a long time 持久的，长久的7Blawn n. 草地，草坪4Alead n. clue 线索6Blean vi. move or bend your body in a particular direction 倚，靠2Bleap vi. jump 跳，跃2Blearn by rote 死记硬背地学习3Aleather n. （动物的）皮，皮革6Aleisure n. spare time 空闲，空暇8Aleisurely a.ad 休闲的（地）4Elet down disappoint ; fail to help 使失望；不帮助2Blet go release(one's hold of) sb./sth. 松开；释放5Blethal a. causing or able to cause death 致死的，致命的4Blick vt. 舔7Blie in exist or be found in 在于3Alieutenant n. 海军上尉；陆军中尉6Alikely a. probable 可能的3Alikely ad. probably 可能3Alineup n. line of people formed for inspection,etc. （为接受检查等而排列的）一行人，一排人5Alink v. connect 连接；联系5Blivable a. fit or pleasant to live in 适于居住的4Aliver n. 肝脏T1loan vt. lend(sth.) 借，贷4Aloan n. 贷款；借，贷4Alocate vt. find the exact position of ; establish in a certain place 找到…的位置；使坐落于6Alogically ad. 符合逻辑地8Blogo n. 标志T2long vi. have an intense desire 渴望5Blonging n. earnest desire 渴望6Alook forward to think about (sth.) which will happen in the future (usu.with pleasure)盼望1Blook over examine quickly 把…看一遍，浏览4Blook sb.in the eye look at sb.steadily 直视某人5Alook through(sb.) deliberately ignore(sb.) whom one can see clearly 对（某人）故意视而不见4Blose touch 失去联系2Aluxury n. 奢侈品；奢华；奢侈8Amagic n. 魔术；魔力3Amagnificent a. 宏大的，壮观的；出色的7Bmaintain vt. keep up ; continue 保持；维持1Bmake a deal reach an agreement or arrangement,esp.in business or politics 达成交易7Amake a habit of develop the habit of 形成…的习惯7Bmake a living by 靠…维持生计8Amake(both)ends meet 勉强维持生计；使收支相抵4Bmake it 办成，做到；赶上1Bmake one's way go 走去6Amake out manage to see or read 辨别出6Bmandarin duck 鸳鸯7Bmania n. 狂热7Emanual a. 体力的；手工做的8Amanufacture vt. make(goods)on a large scale using machinery （尤指用机器）大量制造5Amargin n. 页边空白6Amarital a. 婚姻的，夫妻的7Bmarketable a. suitable for the need of the market ; that can be sold 适合市场需求的；可出售的5Amarried a. 结婚的；已婚的5AMars n. 火星3Bmatch up to be as good as (sb.or sth.) 与…一样好；比得上6Bmate n. 配偶；伙伴，同事7Amathematical a. 数学的3Amedal n. 奖章，奖牌，勋章2Bmemorial n. 纪念碑1Ementor n. 导师，指导者4Bmesmerize vt. 吸引住6Emeteorite n. 陨星，陨石3BMexican a. 墨西哥的；墨西哥人的1BMexican n. 墨西哥人1BMexico 墨西哥4Bmicrometer n. 测微计，千分尺4Amight/may(just)as well 不妨，（也）无妨2Amill n. a factory 工厂，制造厂8Amillionaire n. 百万富翁4Amingle v. 相混合6Eminority n. 少数3Amiracle n. 奇迹8Amission n. 使命；天职4Bmodestly ad. not very large in quantity, size,etc. 不太多，不太大，适中8A molecular a. 分子的3Amonthly a. done,happening,published,etc.once a month or every month 每月的，每月一次的5Amore than a little very 很，非常6Amoreover ad. 而且，再者3Amortgage n. 抵押借款，按揭4Amostly ad. almost all ; generally 几乎全部；大半，大体2Amother v. bring up(a child)with care and affection 抚育（孩子）5Amove ahead/on make progress 进步；有进展3Bmow v. 修剪（草坪），刈（草）4Amultiplication n. 乘法；倍增8Bmurmur v. 轻声说6Amuster v. summon up ; assemble 激起；聚集1BNASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration （美国）国家航空和航天局3Bnasty a. very unpleasant 令人难受的3Anationwide a.,ad. over the whole of a nation 遍及全国（的）；全国性（的）5B natural n. person considered ideadly suited for a job,an activity,etc. 非常适合的人5Anecktie n. tie 领带1Anegotiate vi. discuss in order to come to an agreement 谈判，协商7A neighborhood n. 街坊；四邻2Anest n. 巢，窝7Bneurosurgery n. 神经外科学4Bnevertheless ad.,conj. however,in spite of that 然而；虽然如此7Bnewly ad. recently 新近地5Anonexistent a. not existing 不存在的8Anonstop a.,ad. (done) without ceasing 不停地（的）5Bnot have the heart(to do sth.) 不愿，不忍心（做某事）7Bnot much of a not a good 不太好2Anuclear a. 原子核的；核心的3A。
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Unit1Language Structurespresent perfect progressive 现在完成进行时Past Progressive过去进行时Past Perfect Progressive过去完成进行时I. Grammar1. The present perfect progressive indicating a finished action.构成形式: …have/has been doing…表达意义: 现在完成进行时大多表示动作开始于过去某一点, 一直延续到现在,还要延续下去, 表示未完成。
但有时也可表示完成。
e.g.I have been writing letters for an hour.(I have still got some more to do.)我写信写了一个小时了。
（也许还要写下去）You are sweating all over. What have you been doing? I have been playing football the whole morning.你浑身都是汗，你一直在做什么？我这一上午都在踢球。
（刚刚踢完）Comparison:1. 对于大多数延续性动词，现在完成进行时表示未完成，现在完成时一般指某一动作开始于过去，到现在结束，表示完成。
e.g. I have written three letters. 我已经写了三封信。
2. 对于一些延续性动词，现在完成时与现在完成进行时意义相同。
如：study, live, stay, work, teach, etc.e.g. How long have you been studying English?How long have you studied English?2. The past progressive indicating a circumstance and the simple past indicating a past event.构成形式：本单元复习过去进行时在…be doing…when…句型中的用法。
表达意义：这个句子是过去进行时的一种表达方式，表示当某事正在进行时另一件事情突然发生了，“when”含有“突然”的意思。
译成汉语时，把前一句译成“当……的时候”。
e.g. I was swimming in the river when I heard a boy shouting for help.这句话也可以用while连接。
While I was swimming in the river, I heard a boy shouting for help.Note: 句中while 和when 所处的位置不同。
3. The past perfect progressive构成形式：…had been doing…表达意义：这个时态的意义与现在完成时基本相似，只是把时间推移到了过去。
过去完成进行时的动作与时间的关系，可以用时间状语来表现，也可以通过上下文来表达。
e.g.I was tired when you saw me yesterday because I had been running.你昨天看见我的时候，我很累，因为我一直在跑。
At last he got the letter he had been expecting.最后他终于收到了一直盼望的信。
QuizTranslate the following sentences into English.1 这些天我一直在复习《新编英语教程》第一册，到现在还没有看完一半。
I have been going over the New English Course Book One, but I haven’t covered half of it.2 天下雨时，我已经在车站呆了10分钟了。
When it began to rain, I had been waiting for ten minutes at the bus stop.Quiz3 我想问问你是否能帮我一个小忙。
（wonder)I was wondering if I might ask you a small favor.4 我在河里游泳时，脚突然抽筋儿了。
I was swimming in the river when I got cramp in my leg.Words and Expressions in Language Structurespeel. v. remove the skin of fruit and vegetables.---Be careful not to peel away too much of the potato.Word family:peeler. n. 削皮机peelings. n. 土豆(苹果)皮out of breath: short of breath/breathless---His heart condition makes him out of breathgnaw. v. bite steadily at sth. cause sb./sth. Continual distress.---The little boy was gnawing (at) his fingernails---Fear and anxiety was gnawing at my heart.cramp. n/v. a sudden severely painful tightening in a muscle which limits movement, often as a result of extreme exercise.massage. v. to rub, press or hit (someone’s body) with regular repea ted movements, esp. in order to relax them or to reduce stiffness or pain in their joints or muscles.limp. v. walk unevenly and slowly because of sth. wrong with the foot.---The injured footballer limped away.word family: lame. a. 瘸的, 跛的Language Structures1.排队看电影（排队干…）2.我想知道，你能不能帮我个小忙。
3. 杰克气喘吁吁地。
4. likely 和possible 在用法上的区别？5. 她已经缺课两个月了。
6. 时间不长7. rush forward to see if anything could be done8. 牙齿断了9. 咬鸡骨头10. 吃止疼药11. 左腿扭了12. 从水里面出来，按摩腿部13. 刮胡子14. 把血迹擦掉15. apply a sticking plaster16. 从车上摔了下来17. Hurry to the factory by bike18. Limp to the factory while pushing the bike along19. Feature film20. Showing for about ten minutes21. 报告厅22. Going on for a quarter of an hour23. 剧场24. 根据该部分的例句，请简单总结用英语表达“…已经开始一个小时了”的表达法。
能说“…have/has started/begun for one hour”吗？25. How long had it been showing?26. 梯子27. motor-scooter28. Portable typewriter29. I’d be most grateful if you could…30. 真遗憾31. I’ll ask someone else then.Dialogue 11. You are all in tears2. hold back: controle.g. She just managed to hold back her anger3.can’t help doingMary is reading the novel David Copperfield. She can’t help wiping away tears from time to time.4. emotional adj.5. well-being n. state of being healthy, happye.g. A hard-working man always has a sense of (physical/spiritual) well-being6. slanderously adv. falsely making statement intended to damage one’s reputationWord family: slander n. & v. 诽谤slanderer n. 诽谤者slanderous a. 诽谤的句型结构：bring an act on/against sb. for slander 控告某人犯有诽谤罪7. visualize v. bring sth. as a picture before minde.g. I know it is somewhere off Silver Street, but I just can not visualize where it is.请查词典找两个关于visualize的例句，要求例句尽量简单、生活化、朗朗上口、容易记忆。
Word family: visual a. 视力的, 视觉的; visually ad. 看得见地visualization n. 可见性8. disheartening a. discouraginge.g. We have never expected such disheartening news at the time of critical moment.Word family: dishearten v. 使人泄气9. participate in take part ine.g. Did you participate in the activities that were on offer at the hotel?Word family: participant n. 参加者participation n. 参加10.it was not until…that…11. donate v. give without anything in exchangee.g. The appeal for people to donate blood was very successful.Word family: donation n. 捐献; donator n. 捐献者; donative n/a. 捐献物, 捐献的12. whatsoever ad. whatever. used after a negative phrase to add emphasis to the idea that is being expressed. 无论怎样, 丝毫的, 任何的. (放在否定句后, 用来加强语气)13. drop out withdraw (from an activity, contest)e.g. After his defeat, he dropped out of politics.14. hasty a. hurriede.g. I think perhaps we were a little hasty in judging him.Word family: haste n. 轻率; hastily ad. 轻率地e.g. More haste, less speed. Haste makes wasteComparison: haste hurryhaste 不可数, “匆忙, 急速, 草率.”常用来指在有计划和有秩序中的“迅速”, “紧急”, 常用in haste 表示“匆忙,赶快”之意.hurry 不可数, “匆忙, 慌忙”. 常用in a hurry 短语表示“匆忙, 立即”之意. 含有更强烈的意思, 表示混乱, 焦急和忙乱的意思.e.g. He went off in haste.I forgot to pay the bill in my hurry.15. live on:have sth. as one’s food; depend on sth. for financial support.---His wage won’t be enough to live on if they have another child.---In the year of drought, they had nothing but grass roots to live on.16. near-starvationnear: a. almost a near miss/escape 死里逃生 a near disaster 几乎是一场灾难a near tragedy 几乎是一场悲剧in the near future 不久的将来17. starvation: n. suffering or death caused by lack of foodWord family: starve. VCollection: a starvation diet 减肥餐 a near-starvation diet 几乎挨饿1.I was so happy that I could hardly hold back my tears.2.Our Chinese athletes are doing so well for the country.3.These medals have brought back my memories.4.While I was watching, I couldn’t help calling the days when I was their age.5.I know you were once an athlete on a national track and field team.6Well, it’s a long story.7.I don’t know where to start.8.I can tell you that every time I watch our athletes win an international sports event, I get very emotional.9.The country was in the midst of years of war and the government paid little attention to the well-being of the people.10.We were slanderously nicknamed “the sick men of East Asia”.11. The memories are painful and disheartening.12. …good enough to qualify for13. It was not until the last minute that a patriotic general donated enough money to finance the trip for the two runners and their coach. (有关patriotic的其他词性？Finance的用法？)14.What happened to the other one?15.He was detained by the occupying Japanese soldiers for no reason whatsoever.16.That’s outrageous!17.He dropped out in the middle of the race due to hasty training.18.They were so short of funds they were forced to live on a near-starvation diet.19.Their efforts came to nothing.20.That’s really a shame!21.I find it hard to hold back my tears.22.This is a time of change, a change for the better.23.We’re a strong oriental dragon now.Outline for reference:Grandpa tells Linlin:---the reason why he was so emotional after watching the Olympic Games---what happened to the Chinese athletes when he was young, and---China’s participation the 1932, 1936 and 1948 Olympic Games.Role-play1.She learned to do taijiquan, a Chinese traditional exercise.2. Be keen on taijiquan3. Be in better health.4. Be assigned to …5. Please feel free to ask me any questions concerning…6. To watch closely my teacher’s precise and controlled movements.7. Be careful with…8. It was difficult to… in the proper way.Dialogue IINew words and expressions1. tablet n. small measured amount of medicine compressed into solid formcomparison: pill medicine drug tablet remedypill 做“药丸”讲,pill 和tablet 可以互换,但pill 还可以指“避孕药”。