现代大学英语5册修辞解释(1、4、5、9四单元)
《现代大学英语》常见修辞手法的应用分析——以精读教材一、二册为例
《现代大学英语》常见修辞手法的应用分析——以精读教材
一、二册为例
陈运玲
【期刊名称】《运城学院学报》
【年(卷),期】2016(34)2
【摘要】修辞是运用各种表现手法提高语言感染力的重要写作手段.谙熟常用的修辞手法可以有效地提高准确运用语言的能力,《现代大学英语》这套教材有着丰富的修辞格,修辞手段的恰当使用可以使文章形象生动且更具有表现力,让学生领略到语言美,激发学习兴趣,提高修辞素养.
【总页数】3页(P78-80)
【作者】陈运玲
【作者单位】运城学院外语系,山西运城044000
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】G642
【相关文献】
1.基础英语教学中的图式理论建构分析——以《现代大学英语》精读教材为例 [J], 淮艳梅;袁庆锋
2.《现代大学英语》中的修辞现象——以精读教材五、六册为例 [J], 郝转萍
3.基础英语教学中的修辞手法赏析——以《现代大学英语》第一、二册为例 [J], 李晓红
4.论英语专业精读教材的建设——以《现代大学英语·精读》为例 [J], 杨红
5.修辞美学下的大学英语写作——以五种常见修辞手法为例 [J], 刘慧
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高级英语修辞总结完整版
高级英语修辞总结HUA system office room 【HUA16H-TTMS2A-HUAS8Q8-HUAH1688】Rhetorical Devices一、明喻（simile）是以两种具有相同特征的事物和现象进行对比，表明本体和喻体之间的相似关系，两者都在对比中出现。
常用比喻词like, as, as if, as though等，例如：1、This elephant is like a snake as anybody can see.这头象和任何人见到的一样像一条蛇。
2、He looked as if he had just stepped out of my book of fairytales and had passed me like a spirit.他看上去好像刚从我的童话故事书中走出来，像幽灵一样从我身旁走过去。
3、It has long leaves that sway in the wind like slim fingers reaching to touch something.它那长长的叶子在风中摆动，好像伸出纤细的手指去触摸什么东西似的。
二、隐喻（metaphor）这种比喻不通过比喻词进行，而是直接将用事物当作乙事物来描写，甲乙两事物之间的联系和相似之处是暗含的。
1、German guns and German planes rained down bombs, shells and bullets...德国人的枪炮和飞机将炸弹、炮弹和子弹像暴雨一样倾泻下来。
2、The diamond department was the heart and center of the store.钻石部是商店的心脏和核心。
三、Allusion（暗引）其特点是不注明来源和出处，一般多引用人们熟知的关键词或词组，将其融合编织在作者的话语中。
引用的东西包括典故、谚语、成语、格言和俗语等。
新编英语教程5课文修辞
9、Personification（拟人）
• It gives human form of feelings to animals, or life and personal attributes( 赋予) to inanimate(无生命的) objects, or to ideas and abstractions(抽象). • For example, the wind whistled through the trees.
4、antonomasia（换喻）
• It has also to do with substitution. It is not often mentioned now, though it is still in frequent use. • For example, Solomon for a wise man. Daniel for a wise and fair judge. Judas for a traitor.
Example
• “Sometimes they advertise their poverty through a lurid tabloid story about a gang killing…”—Unit 4 The Invisible Poor • “Clearly there is a need for first-rate children’s shows at this time…”—Unit 5 The Plug-in Drug:TV and the American Family,Part Ⅰ
8、Irony（反语）
• It is a figure of speech that achieves emphasis by saying the opposite of what is meant, the intended meaning of the words being the opposite of their usual sense. • For instance, It would be a fine thing indeed not knowing what time it was in the morning .
高英1、2、4、5、7、9课的修辞
Figures of speech: simile(明喻), metaphor（暗喻，隐喻）, personification（拟人）, synecdoche（提喻法（以局部代表全部或以全部代表局部））, anticlimax（突降法）, metonymy（转喻）, repetition（重复）, exaggeration（夸张）, euphemism（委婉语）, antonomasia（换称，换喻）, parody（模仿）.1) Little monkeys with harmoniously tinkling bells thread their way among thethrongs of people entering and leaving the bazaar.(metaphor)-----Page1,Lesson1.2) It grows louder and more distinct ,until you round a corner and see a fairyland ofdancing flashes ,as the burnished copper catches the light of innumerable lamps and braziers.(metaphor and personification)---------- P2,L1.3) The dye-market ,the pottery-market ,and the carpenters’ market lie elsewhere in themaze of vaulted streets which honeycomb this bazaar.(metaphor)-----P3,L14) Every here and there, a doorway gives a glimpse of a sunlit courtyard, perhapsbefore a mosque or a caravanserai, where camels lie disdainfully chewing their hay, while… (personification)------P3, L1.5) It is a vast ,somber cavern of a room ,some thirty feet high and sixty feet square ,and so thick with the dust of centuries that the mudbrick roof are only dimlyvisible.(metaphor)---P4,L16) There were fresh bows ,and the faces grew more and more serious each time thename Hiroshima was repeated .(synecdoche)------P15,L27) “Seldom has a city gained such world renown, and I am proud and happy towelcome you to Hiroshima, a town known throughout the world for its-oysters”.(anticlimax)----P15, L2.8) But later my hair began to fall out , and my belly turned to water .I felt sick ,andever since then they have been testing and treating me .(alliteration)-----P17, L2.9) And she stops and tries to dig a well in the sand with her toe. (exaggeration)----P58, L4.10) I feel my whole face warming from the heat waves it throws out .(exaggeration)11) After I tripped over it two or three times he told me to just call him Hakim-a-barber.(metaphor)-------P60,L4.12) “ Maggie’s brain is like an elephant’s ” .Wangero said ,laughing .(ironic)—P62,L4.13) You didn’t even have to look close to see where hands pushing the dasher up anddown to make butter had left a kind of sink in the wood .(metaphor)----P62,L4.14) “ Mama, ” Wangero said sweet as a bird . “ can I have these old quilts? ” (simile)---P63, L4.15) She gasped like a bee had stung her .(simile)16) Churchill ,he reverted to this theme, and I asked whether for him, the arch anti-communist ,this was not bowing down in the House of Rimmon.(metaphor)17) If Hitler invaded Hell and would make at least a favorable reference to the Devilin the House of Commons.(exaggeration)----P79,L5.18) But all this fades away before the spectacle which is now unfolding.(metaphor)I see also the dull, drilled, docile, brutish masses of the Hun soldiery plodding on likea swarm of crawling locusts.(simile)19 ） I see the Russian soldiers standing on the threshold of their nativeland ,guarding the fields which their fathers have tilled from timeimmemorial.(Metaphor)----P79, L5.20 ） I see the German bombers and fighters in the sky ,street smarting from many aBritish whipping to find what they believe is an easier and a saferprey.(Metaphor)---P80, L5.21) We will never parley; we will never negotiate with Hitler or any of his gang. We shall fight him by land, we shall fight him by sea, we shall fight him in the air. (Parallelism)22) The back door opens to let out the dog .The TV set blinks on with the d ay’s firstnewscast: a selective rundown… (Personification)----P115, L7.23) The latter-day Aladdin, still snugly abed, then presses a button on a bedside boxand issues a string of business and personal memos. (Antonomasia)24) Following eyeball-to-eyeball consultations with the butcher and the baker andgrocer on the tube, she hits a button to commandeer supplies for tonight’s dinner party. (Synecdoche)25) The microelectronic revolution promises to ease, enhance and simplify life inways undreamed of even by the utopians. (Synecdoche)----P116, L7.26) In the microelectronic village, the home will again be the center of society, as itwas before the industrial Revolution. (Metaphor)27) the Device’s ubiquitous eye, sensing where people are at all times, will similarlythe lights on an off as needed. (Metaphor)28) Next to health, heart, and home, happiness for mobile Americans depends uponthe automobile. (Alliteration, metonymy repetition)-----P118, L7.29) Computer technology may make the car, as we know it, a Smithsonian antique.(Antonomasia)30) For the mighty army of consumers, the ultimate applications of the computerrevolution are still around the bend of a silicon circuit. (Parody)----P120, L731) Just as the industrial Revolution took over an immense range of tasks from men’smuscles and enormously expanded productivity. (Metonymy) P106 L732) His competitors envisioned the greater potential for entertainment and art, wherehe saw internal memos, someone else saw Beethoven. (Synecdoche)33) Will government regulate messages sent out on this vast data highway?(Metaphor)34) Philips Interactive, for example, has dozens of titles, among them a tour of theSmithsonian, in which the viewer selects which corridor to enter by clicking on the screen. (Antonomasia)35) She says consumers would be a little like information “ cowboys, ” rounding updata from computer based archives and information services.(Simile)36) Metaphor:Mark Twain --- Mirror of Americasaw clearly ahead a black wall of night...main artery of transportation in the young nation's heartthe vast basin drained three-quarters of the settled United StatesAll would resurface in his books...that he soaked up...Steamboat decks teemed...main current of...but its flotsamWhen railroads began drying up the demand......the epidemic of gold and silver fever...Twain began digging his way to regional fame...Mark Twain honed and experimented with his new writing muscles......took unholy verbal shots...Simile:Most American remember M. T. as the father of......a memory that seemed phonographicHyperbole:...cruise through eternal boyhood and ...endless summer of freedom...The cast of characters... - a cosmos.Parallelism:Most Americans remember ... the father of Huck Finn's idyllic cruise througheternal boyhood and Tom Sawyer's endless summer of freedom and adventure. Personification:life dealt him profound personal tragedies...the river had acquainted him with ......to literature's enduring gratitude......an entry that will determine his course forever...the grave world smiles as usual...Bitterness fed on the man...America laughed with him.Personal tragedy haunted his entire life.Antithesis:...between what people claim to be and what they really are.....took unholy verbal shots at the Holy Land......a world which will lament them a day and forget them forever Euphemism:...men's final release from earthly struggleAlliteration:...the slow, sleepy, sluggish-brained sloths stayed at home...with a dash and daring......a recklessness of cost or consequences...Metonymy:...his pen would prove mightier than his pickaxe SynecdocheKeelboats,...carried the first major commerce。
现代大学英语精读5翻译(1.4.5.9.10单元)
现代大学英语V-4译文及练习答案女性的职业弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫l.你们的秘书邀请我时对我说你们妇女服务团关注的是女性就业问题，她提议我讲一讲我就业的亲身体验。
我是女性，这是事实；我有工作，这也是事实。
但我又有什么职业体验呢?这很难讲。
我从事的是文学职业，与其他职业相比，当然不包括戏剧行业，在文学职业里几乎没有什么女性体验，我的意思是几乎没有女性特有的体验。
多年前，路已开辟出来。
许多知名的女性---范妮·伯尼、阿芙拉.贝恩、哈丽雅特·马蒂诺、简·奥斯汀、乔治·艾略特---和许多不知名以及已被人忘记的女性在我之前铺平了道路并指导我向前走。
因此，在我从事写作时，几乎没有物质障碍。
写作这个职业既受人尊敬又没有危险。
写字的沙沙声不会打破家庭的和平，写作也不需要什么家庭开销。
花16便士买的纸足够用来写莎士比亚的所有戏剧---要是你有那样的才智的话。
作家不需要钢琴和模特，不用去巴黎、维也纳和柏林，也不需要家庭教师。
当然，廉价的写作用纸是女性作为作家成功而先于其他职业的原因。
2．我讲讲我的故事，那只是个平常的故事。
你们自己设想一个姑娘，手里握着一支笔坐在卧室里。
从十点钟到一点钟她只是不停地由左向右写，然后她想到做一件既省钱又省力的事---把那些纸张放进信封，在信封的一角贴上一张一便士的邮票，把信封投进拐角的一个红色邮筒。
我就是这样成了一名撰稿人。
我的努力在下个月的第一天得到了回报---_那是我一生中非常快乐的一天。
我收到了编辑寄来的一封信，里面装有一张一英镑十先令六便士的支票。
为了让你们了解我不值得被称作职业女性，对人生的艰难和奋斗知之甚少，我得承认我没用那笔钱买食物、付房租、买袜子和肉，而是出去买了一只猫，一只漂亮的波斯猫，这只猫不久就引起了我和邻居间的激烈争端。
3．什么会比写文章并用赚得的钱买波斯猫来得更容易?但再想一想，文章得有内容。
我好像记得我的文章是评论一部名人写的小说。
现代大学英语精读5课后翻译
现代大学英语精读5课后翻译Lesson 1 Where Do We Go from Here1. A white lie is better than a black lie,一个无关紧要的谎言总比一个善意的谎言要好。
2.To upset this cultural homicide, the Negro must rise up with an affirmation of his own Olympian manhood.为了挫败各种蓄意培植的低人一等的心态，黑人必须直起腰来宣布自己高贵的人格。
3.…with a spirit straining toward true self-esteem, the Negro must boldly throw off the manacles of self-abnegation…黑人必须以一种竭尽全力自尊自重的精神，大胆抛弃自我克制的枷锁。
4.What is needed is a realization that power without love is reckless and abusive, and love without power issentimental and anemic.必须懂得没有爱的权力是毫无节制、易被滥用的，而没有权力的爱则是多愁善感、脆弱无力的。
5.It is precisely this collision of immoral power with powerless morality which constitutes the major crisis of ourtimes.正是这种邪恶的权力和没有权势的道义的冲突构成了我们时代的主要危机。
6.Now, early in this century this proposal would have been greeted with ridicule and denunciation, as destructive ofinitiative and responsibility.在本世纪之初，这种建议会受到嘲笑和谴责，认为它对主动性和责任感起到负面作用。
英语修辞讲解
第六页，共152页。
2. Metaphor (1-3)
“隐喻”又称暗喻，是用于两个不同类别对象之间的比喻。隐喻与明喻的 区别在于，明喻将本体和喻体说成是相似的，而隐喻则将两者说成是一 致的。明喻中必须有比喻词，而隐喻中则不需要，因此隐喻被称为“压 缩了的明喻”(condensed simile)。
（委婉）
18. Antonomasia （换称）
第三页，共152页。
Content
19. Parody
（仿拟）
20. Reverse
（序换）
21. Anadiplosis
（蝉联）
22. Regression
（回环）
23. Paregmenon
（同源） 24. Malapropism （误用）
25. Correction
第九页，共152页。
Exercise 1
Exercise 1 simile & metaphor (2-2)
Identification of simile or metaphor： 1. Life was like a journey studded (布满了) with pitfalls(陷阱(xiànjǐng)). 2. A real friend is like a mirror that can help you see your mistake clearly. 3. Slimy cannels crept like green snakes beside the road. 4. Applications for jobs flooded the Employment Agency. 5. Not all slim girls are paper tigers. 6. He was a walking encyclopedia.
现代大学英语第五册修辞总结
高级英语第五册修辞方法（Rhetorical Device）1. Simile:L1-17: It is something like… behind bars.L1-25: Let us be dissatisfied until from every city hall… a mighty stream.(justice will roll down like waters and righteousness like a mighty stream)L5-5: Same age, same background, but dumb as an ox. (dumb as an ox)L5-50: First he looked at the coat with the expression of a waif at a bakery window. (comparing his longing for the raccoon coat with the expression of a hungry homeless child looking longingly at the bread at a bakery window.)L5-123: It was like digging a tunnel. (comparing his teaching to the hard work of digging a tunnel.)L5-147: I leaped to my feet, bellowing like a bull. (comparing his angry shouts to the bellowing ofa bull)L7-2: …united with others of our country in everything…like the fingers of the hand.(comparing the relationship between black and white to fingers of the hand)L7-10: Yet even then I had been going over my speech...as bright as flame. (comparing each word of his speech to bright flame)L7-16: For in those days I was what they called ginger—colored...like a crisp ginger cookie.(comparing the narrator to a cookie)L7-20: My saliva became like hot bitter glue.L7-21: The boys groped about like blind, cautious crabs... hypersensitive snails. (comparing the black boys to animals)L7-27: A blow to my head as I danced about sent my right eye popping... my dilemma.L7-45: I roiled away as a fumbled football rolls off the receiver’s fingertips...L7-46: 1 was limp as a dish rag.2. Metaphor:L1-5: Psychological freedom. . . physical slavery. (the long night of physical slavery)L1-5: The Negro. . . his own emancipation proclamation. (“signs with the pen and ink of assertive manhood his own emancipation proclamation”)L1-14: … when the unjust… is eliminated. (measurement, a scale of dollars)L1-20: He who hates… ultimate reality. （owning a key to open a door）L1-25: the battering rams of the forces of justice;the junk heaps of historyLet us be dissatisfied until the tragic walls… the forces of justice. (“the tragic walls” and “the battering rams”)L1-27: When our days…into bright tomorrow. (low-hovering clouds of despair; gigantic mountains of evil)L4-3: Killing the Angel in the HouseL4-5: The image of a fishermanL4-7: A room of one’s ownL5-1: There follows an informal essay that ventures even beyond Lamb’s frontier. (comparing the limitation set by Lamb to a frontier)L5-20: My brain, that precision instrument, slipped into high gear. (Mixed metaphor, comparing at the same time the narrator’s brain to a precision instrument and also to a machine that has gears.)L5-34: In other words, if you were out of the picture, the field would be open. (comparing the competing for friendship to an athletic event)L5-98: Maybe somehow I could fan them into flame. Maybe somewhere in the extinct crater of her mind, a few embers still smoldered. (comparing Polly’s mind to the extinct crater of a volcano)L5-115: Poisoning the well: (comparing “the personal attack on a person holding some thesis” to “poisoning the well”)L5-151: The rat. (comparing Petey to a rat)L6-41: I’ve never met anyone… the second time around. (The metaphor of record player is used.)3. Allusion:L1-25: Let us be dissatisfied until that day… none shall be afraid. (a biblical allusion: the 1ion and the lamb shall lie down together; every man will sit under his own vine and fig tree and none shall be afraid)L5-64: We went to the Knoll, the campus trysting place, and we sat down under an old oak… (An implied allusion to Robin Hood, whose trysting place was under a huge oak tree in Sherwood Forest.)L5-138: I was not Pygmalion; I was Frankenstein, and my monster had me by the throat.L10-8: Overnight… surreal episodes…（a sword of Damocles）4. Parody:L10-25: Is our democracy… of liberty? (This is a parody of a line in Patrick Henry’s speech: “Is life so dear or peace so sweet, as to be purchased at the price of chains and slavery?”)5. Metonymy:L4-1: No demand was made upon the family purse. (“purse” stands for money)L4-2: But to show you how little I deserve to be called a professional woman…with my neighbors. (Butcher’s bills stand for meat bought from a butcher. )L5-23: She was, to be sure, a girl who excited the emotions. But 1 was not one to let my heart rule my head. (to let my heart rule my head: Metonymy. “Heart”stands for “feelings and emotions” and “head” for “reason and good sense”.)L5-105: …surgeons have X-rays to guide them during an operation. (X-rays stand for X-rays photographs)L10-2: Anthrax panic… chambers (“Congress” stands for its members)6. Synecdoche:L1-25: Let us be dissatisfied until from every city hall… a mighty stream.city hall (the naming of a part to mean the whole. Here, the naming of the building for the government)L4-2: But to show you how little I deserve to be called a professional woman…with my neighbors. (bread and butter: This set phrase means food and the most important and basic things. )7. Transferred epithet:L1-25: Let us be dissatisfied until the tragic walls… the forces of justice. (the tragic walls)L5-40: I said with a mysterious wink… (the wink was not mysterious)L7-6: our bare upper bodies touching and shining with anticipatory sweat (In “anticipatory sweat”, the adjective “anticipatory “ is a transferred epithet.)L7-25: He kept coming, bringing the rank sharp violence of stale sweat. (the rank sharp violence: Logically rank and sharp modify “stale sweat”, not “violence”.)8. Oxymoron:9. Hyperbole:L5-5: It is not often that one so young has such a giant intellect. (exaggerating for effect)L5-50: … he just stood and stared with mad lust at the coat. (It’s an exaggeration to describe his longing for the coat as “mad lust”)L5-135: You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars and the constellations of outer space.L5-135: I will wander the face of the earth, a shambling, hollow-eyed hulk.10. Understatement or litotes:L5-61: This loomed as a project of no small dimensions, and at first 1 was tempted to give her back to Petey. (no small dimensions)11. Contrast:L3-22: A contrast is made between old Shanghai and Shanghai in the 1990s.L8-3: While Oppenheimer was interrupting…. had invented the subject. (an implied contrast)L10-25: How do we… poise? (paranoia vs. poise)12. Antithesis:L1-5: As long as. . . can never be free. (mind vs. body, enslaved vs. free)L1-5: Psychological freedom. . . physical slavery. (psychological freedom vs. physical slavery)L1-7: …love is identified… denial of love (1ove vs. power, a resignation of power vs. denial of love)L1-19: For through violence… but you can’t murder hate. (You may murder a murderer but you can’t murder murder.)L1-25: outer city of wealth and comfort vs. inner city of poverty and despair;wealth vs. poverty (economic);comfort vs. despair(mood, psychology)dark yesterdays vs. bright tomorrows;segregated schools vs. integrated educationon the basis of the content of their character vs. on the basis of the color of their skincontent(substance) vs. color (superficial)character(fundamental) vs. skin (outward appearance)L1-27: When our days…into bright tomorrow.dark yesterday VS. bright tomorrowL5-27: It is, after all, easier to make a beautiful dumb girl smart than to make an ugly smart girl beautiful.beautiful dumb vs. ugly smartL5-50: Back and forth his head swiveled, desire waxing, resolution waning.Desire waxing vs. resolution waningL5-153: Look at me—a brilliant student, a tremendous intellectual, a man with an assured future.Look at Petey—a knot-head, a jitterbug, a guy who’ll never know where his next meal is coming from.Brilliant, intellectual and assured vs. knot-head, jitterbug and never know where his next meal is coming from”13. Parallelism:L1-6: … confrontation of the forces… the status quo.forces of power demanding change(present participle)forces of power dedicated to the preserving of the(past participle) status quoL1-8: What is needed… and anemic.power without love is reckless and abusivelove without power is sentimental and anemicL1-8: Power at its best… against love.power at its best love implementing demands of justicejustice at its best power correcting against loveL1-10: And, in the thinking of that day…moral fiber.the absence of vs. a want ofworldly goods vs. (qualities)L1-19: For through violence… but you can’t murder hate.Three sentences “T hrough violence you may murder… but you can’t murder…”L1-20: And I have seen too much hate…. too great a burden to bear.I have seen too much hateI’ve seen too much hate onI’ve seen hate on…too many Klansmen…L1-25: There are 11 sentences beginning with “let us be dissatisfied until” and two short sentences of “let us be dissatisfied”.L12-5: The armies of… The legions of…The armies of… are marshaled against it.The legions of… will march against it.L12-16: A novelist’s characters… celebrity.a novelist’s characters hope for immortalitya pro’s for celebrityL12-24: It is the disrespect… to preserve.(disrespect) for powerorthodoxiesparty linesideologies…;that I would like to celebratethat I urge all to preserve14. Epigram:L1-20: He who hates… ultimate reality.15. Paradox:L1-18: Without recognizing this…that don’t explain.paralleled paradoxes: solutions that don’t solveanswers that don’t answerexplanations that don’t explainL1-27: When our days…into bright tomorrow. (to make a way out of no way)16. Chiasmus:L1-9: It is precisely this collision… of our times. (immoral power vs. powerless morality)L6-6: Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence.17. Anaphora:L1-25: let us be dissatisfied…18. Alliteration:L1-25: Let us be dissatisfied until that day… none shall be afraid. ( lion, lamb, lie)L7-2: Live with your head in the lion’s mouth...or bust wide open. (death and destruction)L7-9: Some of the others tried to stop them…slipping and sliding over the polished floor.(slipping and sliding)19. Onomatopoeia:L3-14: clickRhetorical Devices一、明喻（simile）是以两种具有相同特征的事物和现象进行对比，表明本体和喻体之间的相似关系，两者都在对比中出现。
现代大学英语精读5Book unit 5 Love is a Fallacy电子版本
Love is an easy game to play.
Love is blue, like the "blue" in "blue movies".
Love is blind.
Love is a kind of emotion that
makes you feel up and down.
There are two main types of arguments: deductive and inductive. A deductive argument is an argument such that the premises provide complete support for the conclusion. An inductive argument is an argument such that the premises provide some degree of support (but less than complete support) for the conclusion.
(a Latin phrase meaning "to pity" ; a fallacy in logic of appealing to pity or compassion. ) False Analogy (错误类比) Hypothesis Contrary to Fact (与事实相反的假设) Poisoning the Well (投毒下井)
Love is blue.
Blue, blue my world is blue Blue is my world now I ’m without you Grey, grey my life is grey Cold is my heart since you went away Red, red my eyes are red Crying for you alone in my bed Green, greeபைடு நூலகம் my jealous heart I doubted you and now we ’re apart When we met how the bright sun shone Then love is die Now the rainbow is gone Black, black the night I've known longing for you so lost and alone Gone, gone the love we knew Blue is my world now I'm without you
浅析《大学英语》中常用英语修辞格
浅析《大学英语》中常用英语修辞格浅析《大学英语》中常用英语修辞格一些语言和文章之所以流传广泛，经久不衰，是因为它们极有表现力，其中不乏准确恰当的修辞手段，从而使文章更加形象生动、意蕴丰富并且引人入胜。
本文根据《大学英语》中出现的最常见的几种修辞格加以分析，希望有助于大家在学习英语的过程中能够恰当地选择修辞手段来丰富自己的表达。
明喻(Simile)明喻是一种最简单、最常见的修辞方法，是以两种具有共同特征的事物或现象进行对比，表明本体和喻体的关系，两者都在对比中出现，其基本格式是“A像B”，常用的比喻词有as, like, as if, as though 等。
例如：●He jumped back as if he had been stung, and the blood rushed into his wrinkled face.（他往后一跳，好像被什么东西叮了一下似的，他那张布满皱纹的脸顿时涨得通红。
）在《品尝家》一文中老人对“我”的慷慨施舍的反应如同被蜜蜂叮过一样，生动地刻画出一个处境凄凉内心却极度敏感的可怜老人的形象。
●The cheque fluttered to the floor like a bird with a broken wing. (支票跌落到地上，像一只断了翅膀的小鸟。
) 《礼物》一文中，老太太喜迎八十大寿，大女儿不来庆祝，只寄来一张支票。
作者把这张支票比作断了翅膀的小鸟，形象地表达出此刻老太太希望破灭，极度伤心的心情。
暗喻(Metaphor)暗喻也是一种比喻，但不用比喻词，因此被称作缩减了的明喻(a compressed simile)。
它直接把一种事物名称用在另一事物上，从而更生动、更深刻地说明事理，增强语言的表现力。
例如：●What will parents do without the electronic baby-sitter? （如果没有这位电子保姆，父母该怎么办呢？) 形象地说明了电视机的保姆功用。
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1. Where do we go from here?<1>,as long as the mind is enslaved, the body can never be free.Antithesis: mind vs. body; enslaved vs. free. 对仗手法<2>psychological freedom is the most powerful weapon against the long night of physical slavery.Metaphor: comparing the long history of slavery to a long night. The word” night”is used here to indicate a period of darkness and gloom, a period of moral degeneration.<3>,love is identified with a resignation of power, and power with a denial of love.Antithesis:the speaker works on the two words ”love”and “power”in order to bring out the contrast.<4>what is needed is a realization that power without love is reckless and abusive, and love without power is sentimental and anemic.Parallel structure<5>power at its best is love implementing the demands of justice, and justice at its best is power correcting everything that stands against love.Parallel structure<6>wives and children will diminish when the unjust measurement of human worth on the scale of dollars is eliminated.Metaphor<7>it is something like improving the food in the prison while the people remain securely incarcerated behind bars.Simile<9>without recognizing this we will end up with solutions that don’t solve answers that don’t answer and explanations that don’t explain.Paradox and parallel structure<10>you may murder a murder but you cannot murder murderAntithesis and parallel structure<11> and I have seen too much hate… too great a burden to bear.Parallel<12>we are called upon to help the discouraged beggars in life’s marketplace.Metaphor<13> let us be dissatisfied…①parallel structure②antithesis: Dark yesterday vs. bright tomorrow③metaphor and simile④biblical allusion( 典故)⑤anaphora(首语重复法)<14>there will be those methods when the buoyancy(浮力，轻快的心情) of hope will be transformed into the fatigue of despair.Antithesis<15> when our days become darker than a thousand midnights, let us remember that there is a creative force in this universe, working to pull down the gigantism mountains of evil, a power that is able to make a way out of no way and transform dark yesterdays into bright tomorrows. Let us realize the arc of the moral universe is long but it bends towards justice.①metaphor ②antithesis ③paradox4. Professions for womenMetaphor（暗喻）（1）killing the angel in the house（2）The process of fishing is compared to the process of creative writing.(58页中间) （3）Not only space for living,but also space for creative activity. Here a room is compared to freedom,while the house is compared to the whole society.（58页下面）Metonymy（转喻）“the White House”for “the president”, “the crown”for “the king”or for “the queen”5. Love is a fallacy<1>it is not often that one so young has such a giant intellectHyperbole夸张<2>it is, after all, easier to make a beautiful dumb girl smart than to make an ugly smart girl beautiful.Antithesis对仗对偶,“beautiful dumb”and “smart”are balanced against “ugly smart” and “beautiful”<3>back and forth his head swiveled旋转, desire waxing, resolution waningAntithesis对仗对偶, “desire waxing” is balanced against “resolution waning”<4>… he just stood and stared with mad lust at the coatHyperbole,夸张it’s an exaggeration to describe his longing for the coat as “mad lust”<5>I will wander the face of earth, s shambling, and hollow-eyed hulkHyperbole（夸张）1. Metaphor(para.5) a giant intellect (para.34) the field would be open(para.61) the size of my task (para.78) a wave of despair(para.98) the extinct crater in her mind; embers; flame(para.118) a glimmer of intelligence (para.138) the tide of panic3.metonymy 转喻(para20) My brain, the precision instrument, slipped into high gear.The precision instrument my brain is compared to an instrumentGear my brain is compared to a machine.4. antithesis 对仗对偶(para27) It is, after all, easier to make a beautiful dump girl smart than to make an ugly smart girl beautiful.Smart dump; beautiful ugly(para.50) …desire waxing; resolution waning5.alliteration 押头韵(para.23) …let my heart rule my head(para.50) …desire waxing; resolution waning6.parallelism 排比(para.25-para.27) Beautiful she was. Gracious she was. Intelligent she was not7. Hyperbole夸张(para.42) he repeated fifteen of twenty times8. Parody仿拟:(para.53) “What’s Polly to me or me to Polly?”---“Hamlet”第二幕第二场:”What’s Hecuba to him or him to Hecuba that should weep for her?”(para.97) a logic-proof head e.g. water-proof; dust-proof; shock-proof9.allusion 用典Pygmalion: the sculpture loved by his creatorFrankenstein: the creature who destroyed his creator10.Simile(para.147) bellowing like a bull。