口译-昆曲文稿

Kunqu (昆曲; pinyin: Kūnqǔ; Wade-Giles: k'un-ch'ü), also known as Kunju, Kun opera or Kunqu Opera, is one of the oldest extant forms of Chinese opera. It evolved from the Kunshan melody, and dominated Chinese theatre from the 16th to the 18th centuries. Kunqu originated in theWuculturalarea.HistoryKunqu boasts a 600-year history and is known as the "teacher" or "mother" of a hundred operas, because of its influence on other Chinese theatre forms, including Jingju (Peking Opera). Its emergence ushered in the second Golden Era of Chinese drama, but by the early twentieth century it had nearly disappeared, which was only exacerbated by deliberate attempts to suppress it during theCulturalRevolution.One of the major literary forms of the Ming and Qing dynasties was chuanqi drama, originating from the South. Chuanqi, an old form of dramatic opera, originates from the nanxi in late 14th century before the kunqu opera arises. However, in late 16 century, kunqu opera starts to dominate large part of Chinese drama. [1] Plays that continue to be famous today, including The Peony Pavilion and The Peach Blossom Fan, were originally written for the Kunqu stage. In addition, many classical Chinese novels and stories, such as Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Water Margin and Journey to the West were adapted very early into dramatic pieces. Today, Kunqu is performed professionally in seven Mainland Chinese cities: Beijing (Northern Kunqu Theatre), Shanghai (Shanghai Kunqu Theatre), Suzhou (Suzhou Kunqu Theatre), Nanjing (Jiangsu Province Kunqu Theatre), Chenzhou (Hunan Kunqu Theatre), Yongjia County/Wenzhou (Yongjia Kunqu Theatre) and Hangzhou (Zhejiang Province Kunqu Theatre), as well as in Taipei. Non-professional opera societies are active in many other cities in China and abroad, and opera companiesoccasionallytour.Kunqu was listed as one of the Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO in 2001. Its melody or tune is one of the Four Great Characteristic Melodies in Chinese opera.SO how do you feel about this song, wonderful or rediculors？THIS is wanglihong's song called Zaimeibian, and it tells us something about a famous opera ,mudanting, which is one of the famous arias of kunqu. and this is just what i'll talk about. yeah, my topic is kunqu.Kunqu , also known as Kunju, Kun opera or Kunqu Opera(昆山腔), is one of the oldest extant forms of Chinese opera.中国最古老的戏曲形式之一。

Main arias主要唱段aria n.咏叹调,唱腔此处指唱段we will focus on these points about kunqu.first, its history.Kunqu boasts a 600-year history.The term kunshan qiang (“Kunshan tune”) originally referred to a style of music that emerged(出现/i'mezhi/) in the late Yuan dynasty (early 14th century).昆山腔最初是出现在元末的一种音乐形式。

It was created by Gu Jian, a musician of Kunshan (near Suzhou), who combined the music of the region with an improvement on the music of nanxi (“southern drama”).它的创始人是一位昆山的戏曲家，名字叫做GUJIAN，他把地方戏和一种由南戏发展来的剧种结合在一起。

During the mid-1500s, the musician and actor Wei Liangfu developed a musical form that combined kunshan qiang with other regional styles.在16世纪中期，戏曲家和表演艺术家魏良辅将昆山腔和其他地方戏相结合发明了一种新剧种。

The dramatist Liang Chenyu of Kunshan soon adapted it to a full-length opera, Huanshaji (“Washing the Silken Gauze”), a chuanqi(“marvel tale”).昆山剧作家梁辰鱼将其改编成为一个完整的剧目，浣纱记，一部传奇DO you know what is chuanqi?（chuanqi is a form of traditional Chinese operatic drama that developed from the nanxi in the late 14th century. Chuanqi alternated with the zaju as the major form of Chinese drama until the 16th century, when kunqu, a particular style of chuanqi, began to dominate serious Chinese drama.传奇，是一种中国传统戏剧形式，它发源于14世纪末的南戏。

在16世纪之前，传奇和杂剧是中国主要的戏剧形式。

十六世纪后，昆曲作为一种特别的传奇形式，开始占据中国戏剧的主导地位）。

It gained wide popularity, and the new dramatic style came to be known as kunqu (“songs of Kun”). 浣纱记这部作品在当时得到了广泛欢迎，此时这个新剧种被称为了昆曲。

It developed into a national dramatic genre （流派/zhaonre/）that was deeply loved by audiences, especially by the literati（文人/lite'ra:ti:/）. 它发展成为一个为观众，尤其是文人深深喜爱的国家戏剧流派。

Kunqu flourished（繁荣兴盛活跃）for about a hundred years.昆曲兴盛了大约一百年的时间About the middle of the 18th century, during the Qing dynasty, it was gradually replaced in popularity by jingxi (Peking opera).在18世纪中叶，也就是清朝世纪，它的地位逐渐被京剧取代。

Its emergence（出现浮现/i'mergence/）ushered (引入了开启了开创了)in the second Golden Era of Chinese drama它的出现引入了中国戏曲的第二个黄金时代。

BUT By the early twentieth century it had nearly disappeared, which was only exacerbated（加重，使。