Unit5

Afforestation n.植树

an afforestation plan 绿化规划 The afforestation movement rapidly spread. 植树运动迅速展开了。 The government suggested large - scale afforestation. 政府提出大规模植树造林。 Now, you try: 天然造林法 (natural afforestation ) 人工造林法 (artificial afforestation )

toxin n. 毒素

A toxin that damages or destroys nerve tissue. 神经毒素损害或破坏神经组织的毒素 A toxin produced by certain bacteria and released upon destruction of the bacterial cell. 内毒素由某些特定细菌产生并在该细菌细胞裂变时 释放出来的一种毒素 霉菌毒素污染 (contamination by fungal toxin)



cholera n.霍乱




infected with cholera 被传染上霍乱 This is a case of cholera. 这是一个霍乱患者。 A cholera epidemic break out after the flood. 一场流行性霍乱在洪水过后就突发了。 The outbreak of cholera was put down to bad drinking water. 霍乱的发生归因于饮用水不清洁。 Now, you try: 该地区突然发生了霍乱。 (The area was struck by an outbreak of cholera.)
migration n.移民, 移植, 移往, 移动 v．migrate n. immigrant


international population migration 国际人口迁 移 internal population migration 国内人口迁移 Wars always cause great migrations of people. Now, you try: 人口迁移 (population migration) 动物迁徙 (animal migration)
collateral n 担保物，抵押品



He used his house as a collateral for the loan. 他用自己的房子作为贷款的抵押。 Adj. 附带的，伴随的，次要的 There may be collateral benefits to the scheme. A collateral aim of the government’s industrial strategy is to increase employment. 政府工业战略的一个附带目的就是增加就业。
hygiene n.卫生, 卫生学




food hygiene 食品卫生 environmental hygiene 环境卫生 The science that deals with the promotion and preservation of health also called hygiene . 关于提高健康水平或保持健康的一门科学叫作卫生学. A healthy lifestyle includes having a nutritious diet and good personal hygiene Now, you try: 工作环境保健 (hygiene in the workplace) 口腔卫生(oral hygiene )

waterborne adj.水上的, 水运的，由水传 播的，水路运输的


水路贸易；海外贸易 waterborne diseases 由饮水传染的疾病 waterborne disease - causing microorganisms. 饮水传播的致病微生物 The crew had been busy running cargo and vehicles on a waterborne Main Supply Route until just after midnight. Now, you try: 水运贷物 (waterborne freight)

intestinal adj.肠的, 肠内的, (疾病)侵袭肠的
intestinal obstruction 肠梗阻 intestinal fortitude 持久力;勇气 intestinal dyspepsia 肠消化不良 Now, you try: 肠道细菌 (intestinal bacteria) 肠疾 (intestinal trouble )
peter vi.逐渐消失

Their enthusiasm soon petered out. 他们的热情不久就消失了 The road became narrower and rougher and eventually petered out. 这条路变得越来越窄，越来越难走，最后终于消 失了。 Now， you try: 对这项计划的兴趣已逐渐消失 (Interest in the project has petered out.)
synergy n. (=synergism) 协同, 配合, 企 业合并后的协力优势或协合作用

And I saw the tragic consequences to other flights and individuals when one element or another of that important synergy broke down.

caloric n.热量 adj.热量的
caloric theory 热质说 caloric receptivity 热容量 the caloric content of foods. 食物热量的卡数 The caloric effect of sunlight. 日光的热效应
prolapse vi.下垂, 脱垂 n. 下垂, 脱垂

uterus eversion and prolapse 子宫内翻和脱出
uterus

n. 子宫


displacement of uterus 子宫移位 formation of a placenta in the uterus 胎盘形成胎盘在子宫中的形成过程
undervalue v.低估 反义词 overvalue

We clearly undervalue him as a member of our team. 我们显然低估了他这个队员在我们队中的作用。 Like liberty, gold never stays where it is undervalue. 像自由一样，黄金从不留在不受重视的地方。 Now， you try: 他的房子价值被低估了。 (His house is undervalued.)
Part II Intensive Reading
Gender, Poverty and Environment
Gender, Poverty and Environment
• Gender is rarely considered as a
mainstream issue in environmental policies and programmes. However, a better understanding of the different priorities and perceptions of men and women can be used to maximize policy effectiveness.
inheritance n.遗传, 遗产



female inheritance 女子继承权 sex - linked inheritance 性连锁遗传 polygenic inheritance. 多基因遗传 inheritance of quantitative character 数量性状 遗传 He spent all his inheritance in less than a year. Now, you try: 血型遗传 (blood group inheritance) 交叉遗传 (criss - cross inheritance)
Words and Expressions
Vulnerable adj. 易受攻击的



“We are vulnerable both by water and land, without either fleet or army” (Alexander Hamilton) “由于没有舰队和军队，我们在水路和陆路上都易 受攻击”(亚历山大· 汉密尔顿) The right heel is the only vulnerable part of Achille’s body. 阿碦琉斯的脚跟是他的身体的唯一的易受攻击的部 位。

parasite n.寄生虫, 食客
a sanguicolous parasite. 血寄生的寄生虫 Animal or plant on which a parasite lives 寄主，宿主（寄生物所寄生的动植物） A sycophant; a parasite 专营拍马的人；食客
Part I Introduction