无甲酰胺一次大模发泡解决方案。
MDEA溶液发泡原因和消泡方法研究

MDEA溶液发泡原因和消泡方法研究摘要:引起MDEA溶液发泡的因素有很多,例如表面活性剂和醇胺溶液的降解产物等都会导致MDEA溶液发泡。
溶液发泡会使溶液的化学成分发生改变,带来一系列问题,常见的有脱碳装置出现压降波动、二氧化碳超标等问题,给工厂安全生产带来隐患,造成严重的经济损失。
本文在分析溶液发泡影响因素的基础上,提出了一些消泡方法和预防溶液发泡的措施,以供读者参考。
关键词:MDEA溶液;发泡原因;消泡方法;预防措施甲基二乙醇胺(MDEA)是天然气净化脱碳过程中常用的脱碳溶剂,它对二氧化碳等酸性气体具有很强的吸收能力,而且反应热小,解吸温度低,化学性质稳定,无毒,不降解,被广泛应用在工厂天然气的生产中。
但是MDEA溶液经常会出现发泡现象,导致脱碳装置无法正常运行,不仅严重影响到脱碳效果,而且造成不小的经济损失。
所以本文研究了MDEA溶液的发泡机制,并提出了一些预防措施,以保障脱碳环节安全、平稳地运行。
一、溶液发泡的判断及测试MDEA溶液在净化含二氧化碳的天然气的过程中会产生大量气泡,一般情况下,这些气泡遇到空气会迅速破裂,不会对脱碳装置造成影响。
当脱碳装置运行时,如果塔内出现大量气泡并且长时间不破裂的情况,就可以认定MDEA溶液发泡了。
溶液发泡之后,在气流的作用下,气泡被带入到上一层的塔板,引起塔内液位急剧变化,导致塔内压差增大、闪蒸气量明显增多,装置出口二氧化碳含量急剧增加的现象。
所以通过脱碳装置的液位、吸收塔压差、闪蒸气含量以及出口二氧化碳含量都可用来判断MDEA溶液是否发泡。
除此以外,可以用干净的瓶子从运行装置中承装少量脱碳液,密闭晃动后,观察气泡消失时间超过60秒的,也可判定MDEA溶液是否发泡。
二、影响MDEA脱碳溶液发泡的因素1.表面活性剂表面活性剂物质容易引起MDEA溶液发泡,常见的表面活性剂有缓蚀剂、润滑剂等。
表面活性剂影响MDEA溶液发泡的原理是:表面活性剂分子在液膜表面有序排列,其分子组成中的亲水基团不断吸引液膜中的液体部分,导致液膜粘性增大减少液体的流失;其中的亲油基团可以有效防止液体蒸发,二者同时作用,可以保持气泡处于较稳定、不易破裂的状态。
无甲酰胺二次高发泡解决方案

Laboratory:TÜV SÜD Hong Kong Limited Phone : +852 2443 3774Fax : +852 2944 0005E-mail: softlines@/softlinesRegd. Office:TÜV SÜD Hong Kong Limited18/F & 19/F, Yuen Long Trading Centre33 Wang Yip Street WestYuen Long, New Territories, Hong KongPage 1 of 4Test Report No.60.160.12.13028.01R1Dated2012-10-22Applicant:东莞豪峻化工有限公司东莞市东城中路163号路路通大厦A区六楼H室Attn:黄伟斌Test Subject:EVAPurpose of Examination:(1) Formamide Content TestExtraction with methanol, quantification using GC-MS[Reporting Limit = 2 mg/kg]Test result:Refer to section3Conclusion:(1) Formamide Content Test Report as is Remark: - The result relates only to the items tested- Samples are tested as received- “Report as is” means only make out result according to client's requirement- This report supersedes test report No. 60.160.12.13028.01 issued on 2012-09-26.No extract, abridgment or abstraction from a test report may be published or used to advertise a product without the written consent of the Director of TÜV SÜD Hong Kong Ltd. The results contained herein apply only to the particular sample tested and to the specific test carried out and not to samples of the current production line.Laboratory:TÜV SÜD Hong Kong Limited Phone : +852 2443 3774Fax : +852 2944 0005E-mail: softlines@/softlinesRegd. Office:TÜV SÜD Hong Kong Limited18/F & 19/F, Yuen Long Trading Centre33 Wang Yip Street WestYuen Long, New Territories, Hong KongPage 2 of 4Test Report No.60.160.12.13028.01R1 Dated2012-10-221.Order1.1Customer's ReferenceColors: 米白色,灰色1.2Receipt Date of Test Sample,LocationReceived on2012-09-12,Xia Men1.3Date of Testing,LocationFrom2012-09-13to2012-09-20,Hong Kong 1.4Document submittedNilLaboratory:TÜV SÜD Hong Kong Limited Phone : +852 2443 3774Fax : +852 2944 0005E-mail: softlines@/softlinesRegd. Office:TÜV SÜD Hong Kong Limited18/F & 19/F, Yuen Long Trading Centre33 Wang Yip Street WestYuen Long, New Territories, Hong KongPage 3 of 4Test Report No.60.160.12.13028.01R1 Dated2012-10-222.Description of the test subject1. Grey EVA2. White EVALaboratory:TÜV SÜD Hong Kong Limited Phone : +852 2443 3774Fax : +852 2944 0005E-mail: softlines@/softlinesRegd. Office:TÜV SÜD Hong Kong Limited18/F & 19/F, Yuen Long Trading Centre33 Wang Yip Street WestYuen Long, New Territories, Hong KongPage 4 of 4Test Report No.60.160.12.13028.01R1Dated2012-10-223 Test Results3.1Formamide Content TestExtraction with methanol, quantification using GC-MSSample Result(s) [mg/kg]001 <2002 <22. “<” denotes less thanTÜV SÜD Hong Kong LtdTÜV SÜD GroupTestedby:Reviewed by: Mannix ChanProject ManagerChemical DepartmentChristina ChanLaboratory ManagerChemical Department-End of Report-Document ID: GCN_HK_GTC – Rev.1Effective date 2010-05-05General Terms and Conditionsof TÜV SÜD Hong Kong Limited (hereinafter referred to as the company )1. General Information and Definitions(1.1) In the event that an order for any services is placed, the Client shall accept the GeneralTerms and Conditions . 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MDEA脱硫溶液发泡原因及消泡方法研究

西安石油大学硕士学位论文MDEA脱硫溶液发泡原因及消泡方法研究姓名:金祥哲申请学位级别:硕士专业:应用化学指导教师:张宁生;吴新民20050515第二章IV/DEA溶液中污染物组成分析量主錾罾案器昱墨j22350030002600拘∞:N;0030∞250020001500兽rno驾;2to图2—1固体悬浮物中有机物官能团红外光谱图盐酸不溶物含有一NH2和--OH来自于MDEA或DEA及其降解产物,--CONH--是MDEA分子的氧化降解产物N一甲基一乙醇胺在有HCN存在时继续发生反应最终生成3一甲胺基一2羟基丙酰胺[20l,--0--,是MDEA分子中的--OH发生分子内或分子间脱水缩合反应的产物。
2.2.4.4固体悬浮物颗粒粒径分布分析采用MASTERSIZER2.000激光粒度分析仪分析固体悬浮物粒径分布,分析结果见图2.2、图2.3。
图2-214样品粒径分布图西安石油大学硕士学位论文图2-324样品粒径分布图从图2-3、图2-4分析得知,固体悬浮物的粒径分布范围较宽,涉及从O.2~1000um之间;lOum以下约占固体颗粒总数的35~40%,lOOum以下的约占固体颗粒总数的85%左右,约一半左右固体颗粒粒径在10~100um之间,整个粒径分布近似正态分布,10~20um之间的分布密度最高约3~4%。
固体悬浮物的粒径分布范围较宽,这是因为有的固体颗粒在高速气流的冲刷下粉碎变小,也有的在颗粒之间相互碰撞聚结成团而变大【圳。
2.2.5MDEA溶液中有机物分析2.2.5.1MDEA溶液中MDEA和DEA含量分析随机抽取14个MDEA溶液用色谱溶液分析中MDEA和DEA的含量,分析结果见表2.8。
表2-8MDEA和DEA含量分析数据从表2—8分析数据得知,溶液中MDEA有效浓度为35~47%、DEA的浓度为0.07~5.84%。
从分析数据可以看出,不同的溶液中MDEA有效浓度不同,说明MDEA的降解变质程度也不同:DEA的含量在O~6%之间波动,因为现场根据天然气中C02含量需加入适当量的DEA脱除部分C02。
简述聚氨酯发泡注塑成型技术

简述聚氨酯发泡注塑成型技术发泡塑料是以热塑性或热固性树脂为基体,其内部具有极多微小气孔的塑料。
发泡是塑料加工的紧要方法之一,塑料发泡得到的泡沫塑料含有气固两项—气体和固体。
气体以泡孔的形式存在于泡沫体中,泡孔与泡孔相互隔绝的称为闭孔,连通的称为开孔,从而有闭孔泡沫塑料和开孔泡沫塑料之分。
泡沫结构的开孔或闭孔是由原材料性能及其加工工艺所决议的。
塑料发泡的技术渊源久远。
zui早是20时代初期的泡沫胶木,用仿佛制造泡沫橡胶的方法制取;30时代显现硬质聚氨酯泡沫和聚苯乙烯泡沫;40时代有聚乙烯、聚氯乙烯、环氧树脂、酚醛泡沫;50时代则有可发性聚苯乙烯泡沫和软质聚氨酯泡沫。
现在,基本上全部的塑料,包括热塑性和热固性的都可以发泡为泡沫塑料。
工业上的制备方法有:挤启程泡、注塑发泡、模塑发泡、压延发泡、粉末发泡和喷涂发泡等等。
其中,注塑发泡是zui紧要的成型方法之一,在这里重点叙述注塑成型发泡。
发泡成型原理塑料的发泡方法依据所用发泡剂的不同可以分为物理发泡法和化学发泡法两大类。
在这里首先简单介绍一下发泡剂。
发泡剂发泡剂可简单粗分为物理发泡剂与化学发泡剂两类。
对物理发泡剂的要求是:无毒、无臭、无腐蚀作用、不燃烧、热稳定性好、气态下不发生化学反应、气态时在塑料熔体中的扩散速度低于在空气中的扩散速度。
常用的物理发泡剂有空气、氮气、二氧化碳、碳氢化合物、氟利昂等;化学发泡剂是一种受热能释放出气体诸如氮气、二氧化碳等的物质,对化学发泡剂的要求是:其分解释放出的气体应为无毒、无腐蚀性、不燃烧、对制品的成型及物理、化学性能无影响,释放气体的速度应能掌控,发泡剂在塑料中应具有良好的分散性。
应用比较广泛的有无机发泡剂如*和碳酸铵,有机发泡剂如偶氮甲酰胺和偶氮二异丁腈。
物理发泡法简单地讲,就是利用物理的方法来使塑料发泡,一般有三种方法:(1)先将惰性气体在压力下溶于塑料熔体或糊状物中,再经过减压释放出气体,从而在塑料中形成气孔而发泡;(2)通过对溶入聚合物熔体中的低沸点液体进行蒸发使之汽化而发泡;(3)在塑料中添加空心球而形成发泡体而发泡等。
MDEA溶剂发泡原因及控制措施

MDEA溶剂发泡原因及控制措施刘疆萍;李敏;陈志刚【摘要】乌鲁木齐石化炼油厂溶剂再生装置运行过程中经常存在MDEA脱硫溶液污染、发泡的问题.本文分析了造成MDEA溶液发泡的污染物的组成和来源,剖析了影响MDEA溶液发泡性和泡沫稳定性的主要因素,并通过溶剂再生装置运行的实际工作经验来预防及控制溶剂发泡,达到了降低溶剂发泡概率、减少溶剂损耗的目的.【期刊名称】《化肥设计》【年(卷),期】2016(054)002【总页数】4页(P43-46)【关键词】MDEA溶剂;发泡;原因;措施【作者】刘疆萍;李敏;陈志刚【作者单位】中国石油天然气股份有限公司乌鲁木齐石化公司,新疆乌鲁木齐830019;中国石油天然气股份有限公司乌鲁木齐石化公司,新疆乌鲁木齐 830019;中国石油天然气股份有限公司乌鲁木齐石化公司,新疆乌鲁木齐 830019【正文语种】中文【中图分类】TE868中国石油乌鲁木齐石化公司炼油升级改造项目40 kt/a硫磺回收装置组成包括40 kt/a硫磺回收装置、300 t/h溶剂再生装置两部分。
溶剂再生装置接收上游重油催化干气脱硫装置、1.20 Mt/a延迟焦化装置、6 Mt/a常减压装置、2 Mt/a加氢装置以及1.50 Mt/a蜡油加氢装置来的富胺液,经过溶剂再生解吸收后形成贫胺液返送上游生产装置进行循环使用,并且将溶剂再生装置产生的气相——酸性气送至40kt/a硫磺回收装置做生产硫磺产品的原料。
溶剂再生装置运行过程中,MDEA脱硫溶液经常出现严重的发泡现象,导致脱硫装置出现处理能力下降的问题,严重时发生瓦斯带液造成尾气焚烧炉熄火;同时,溶液发泡还引起泡沫夹带,导致大量胺液随含硫气体带走,溶剂损耗急剧增加,造成了严重的经济损失,并影响了脱硫装置安全、稳定、长周期运行。
MDEA溶液吸收含硫干气、低分气、液态烃中的酸性气是一个气液界面传质并发生反应的过程,在此过程中会产生大量气泡。
但正常情况下产生的气泡会迅速破裂,不会影响装置的正常操作。
【CN110028726A】一种粗孔EVA模压发泡材料及其制备方法【专利】

(19)中华人民共和国国家知识产权局(12)发明专利申请(10)申请公布号 (43)申请公布日 (21)申请号 201910382588.4(22)申请日 2019.05.09(71)申请人 广州市欧橡隔热材料有限公司地址 510460 广东省广州市白云区神山镇南浦南街9号(72)发明人 胡洪山 (51)Int.Cl.C08L 23/06(2006.01)C08L 23/08(2006.01)C08K 5/14(2006.01)C08K 3/22(2006.01)C08K 5/09(2006.01)C08J 9/10(2006.01)(54)发明名称一种粗孔EVA模压发泡材料及其制备方法(57)摘要本发明涉及塑料模压发泡领域,针对粗孔EVA模压发泡材料的泡孔不均匀的问题,提供了一种粗孔EVA模压发泡材料,包括以下质量份数的组分:乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物10-20份;高压聚乙烯55-78份;高温发泡剂5-10份;中温发泡剂3-10份;交联剂DCP0.5-1份;氧化锌0.5-1份;硬脂酸0.3-0.8份。
一种粗孔EVA模压发泡材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:S1、密炼形成混合料;S2、一次开炼;S3、二次开炼;S4、发泡。
通过采用高温发泡剂以及中温发泡剂,使得发泡剂与乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物以及高压聚乙烯的熔点相差较大,使得发泡剂在密炼过程中不容易分解,使得EVA模压发泡材料的粗孔泡孔更加均匀、不容易出现色差,同时使得EVA模压发泡材料的拉伸强度以及抗震性能不容易受到影响。
权利要求书1页 说明书11页CN 110028726 A 2019.07.19C N 110028726A权 利 要 求 书1/1页CN 110028726 A1.一种粗孔EVA模压发泡材料,其特征是:包括以下质量份数的组分:乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物10-20份;高压聚乙烯55-78份;高温发泡剂5-10份;中温发泡剂3-10份;交联剂DCP0.5-1份;氧化锌0.5-1份;硬脂酸0.3-0.8份。
聚氨酯软泡生产中的问题和解决方案
聚氨酯软泡生产中的问题和解决方案在实际发泡生产中遇到的额事故与问题是多样的,每个事故的生产都是由多方面因素造成的。
在因复杂因素造成的事故分析中,一般很难列出所有影响因素及真正起作用的主要因素。
下面汇总了经常遇到的一些事故及原因。
1、焦心(反应中心温度超过原料抗氧化温度)(1)聚醚多元醇质量有问题:生产储运过程中使产品中水份超标,过氧化物、低沸点杂质含量过高,金属离子浓度过高,配用抗氧剂种类和浓度不当;(2)配方:低密度配方中,TDI指数过高,发泡剂中水与物理发泡剂比例不当,物理发泡剂量偏少,水过量;(3)气候影响:夏季气温高,散热慢,料温高,空气湿度大,反应中心温度超过抗氧化温度;(4)存放不当:当TDI指数升高时,后熟化时堆积的热能增大致使内部温度升高而焦心。
2、压缩变形大(1)聚醚多元醇:官能度小于2.5,环氧乙烷比例大于8%,小分子组分多,不饱和度大于0.05mol/kg;(2)工艺条件:反应中心温度过低或过高,后熟化不好,没能完全反应或有部分焦心;(3)工艺配方:TDI指数过低,硅油辛酸亚锡过量,泡沫通气量低,闭孔率高。
3、泡沫过软(同密度下硬度下降)(1)聚醚多元醇:官能度低,羟值低,相对分子质量大;(2)工艺配方:辛酸亚锡量少,凝胶反应速度慢,在锡用量相同情况下,水量少,物理发泡剂多,硅油活性高用量大,TDI指数低。
4、泡孔粗大(1)混料不好;混料不匀,乳白期短;(2)工艺配方:硅油用量低于下限,辛酸亚锡用量少和活性差,凝胶速度慢。
5、高于设定密度(1)聚醚多元醇:活性低,相对分子质量大;(2)工艺配方:硅油用量低于下限值,TDI指数低,发泡指数低;(3)气候条件:气温低,气压高。
6、塌泡孔洞(发气速度大于凝胶速度)(1)聚醚多元醇:酸值严重超标,杂质多,活性低,相对分子量大;(2)工艺配方:胺用量多锡用量少,TDI指数低,在同样锡用量时TDI指数过高,发气速度大于凝胶速度,骨架强度小而塌泡或出现局部孔洞。
PCR经验总结
PCR经验总结实验注意事项:(1)DNA处理最好用硅烷化塑料管以防粘附在管壁上,所有缓冲液吸头、离心管等用前必须高温高压处理,常规消耗用品用后作一次性处理,避免反复使用造成污染。
(2)PCR操作应戴手套并勤于更换,必要时应戴好帽子和口罩,就像做手术一样,要有“无菌观念”。
(3)成套试剂,小量分装,专一保存,防止它用。
配制试剂用新器具,用后作一次性处理。
(4)试剂管用前先瞬时离心(10s),使液体沉于管底,减少污染手套与加样器机会。
(5)最后加模板DNA,马上盖好,混匀,瞬时离心(10s),使水相与有机相分开。
加入模板且忌喷雾污染,所有非即用管都应盖严。
加模板DNA后应更换手套。
(6)实验设阳性、阴性对照。
还有诸如:移液枪用完要放到最大计量位置,防止久了弹簧失灵;防止RNA酶污染标本;低温下操作,防降解;试剂有致癌致畸作用,做好个人防护;头脑中各操作步骤要清楚,不要加错试剂。
问题及解决方案汇总:一、假阴性,扩增无条带PCR反应的关键环节有①模板核酸的制备,②引物的质量与特异性,③酶的质量及活性④PCR循环条件。
寻找原因亦应针对上述环节进行分析研究。
模板:①模板中含有杂蛋白质,②模板中含有酶抑制剂,③模板中蛋白质没有消化除净,特别是染色体中的组蛋白,④在提取制备模板时丢失过多,或吸入酚。
⑤模板核酸变性不彻底。
在酶和引物质量好时,不出现扩增带,极有可能是标本的消化处理,模板核酸提取过程出了毛病,因而要配制有效而稳定的消化处理液,其程序亦应固定不宜随意更改。
酶失活:需更换新酶,或新旧两种酶同时使用,以分析是否因酶的活性丧失或不够而导致假阴性。
需注意的是有时忘加Taq酶或溴乙锭。
引物:引物质量、引物的浓度、两条引物的浓度是否对称,是PCR失败或扩增条带不理想、容易弥散的常见原因。
有些批号的引物合成质量有问题,两条引物一条浓度高,一条浓度低,造成低效率的不对称扩增,对策为:①选定一个好的引物合成单位。
②引物的浓度不仅要看OD值,更要注重引物原液做琼脂糖凝胶电泳,一定要有引物条带出现,而且两引物带的亮度应大体一致,如一条引物有条带,一条引物无条带,此时做PCR有可能失败,应和引物合成单位协商解决。
一种无甲酰胺IXPE泡棉的制备方法[发明专利]
(10)申请公布号 (43)申请公布日 2013.11.13C N 103387705 A(21)申请号 201310348155.X (22)申请日 2013.08.09C08L 23/06(2006.01)C08L 23/08(2006.01)C08K 13/02(2006.01)C08K 3/26(2006.01)C08K 3/22(2006.01)C08K 5/098(2006.01)C08K 5/10(2006.01)C08K 5/372(2006.01)C08J 9/10(2006.01)C08J 3/28(2006.01)C08J 3/24(2006.01)(71)申请人深圳市长园特发科技有限公司地址518000 广东省深圳市光明新区办事处楼村社区第一工业园浩轩工业园A2栋(72)发明人范宇 陈兴茂 孙林 雷以纯王健(74)专利代理机构深圳市科吉华烽知识产权事务所(普通合伙) 44248代理人韩英杰 胡玉(54)发明名称一种无甲酰胺IXPE 泡棉的制备方法(57)摘要本发明涉及一种无甲酰胺电子辐射交联聚乙烯泡棉的制备方法,所述泡棉包括主料低密度聚乙烯和辅料乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物,偶氮二甲酰胺发泡剂,经过原料配料、混炼造粒、挤出成型、辐射交联、燃气式水平炉发泡制备,其中,在加热发泡过程加入了一定量的碳酸氢钠、氧化锌或硬脂酸锌、主抗氧剂与辅抗氧剂。
以该方法制备使产品更加环保,满足欧盟要求,降低发泡剂残留量,提高了聚乙烯泡棉在发泡炉体的熔体强度,减少了断裂,破碎的现象,耐温性能,耐老化性能更加优越,耗能更低。
(51)Int.Cl.权利要求书1页 说明书5页(19)中华人民共和国国家知识产权局(12)发明专利申请权利要求书1页 说明书5页(10)申请公布号CN 103387705 A *CN103387705A*1/1页1.一种无甲酰胺电子辐射交联聚乙烯泡棉的制备方法,其特征在于:所述泡棉包括主料低密度聚乙烯和辅料乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物,占所述低密度聚乙烯和所述乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物总重量4%—20%的偶氮二甲酰胺发泡剂,经过原料配料、混炼造粒、挤出成型、辐射交联、燃气式水平炉发泡制备,其中,在加热发泡过程加入偶氮二甲酰胺重量比0.5%—5%的NaHCO 3。
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Laboratory:TÜV SÜD Hong Kong Limited Phone : +852 2443 3774Fax : +852 2944 0005E-mail: softlines@/softlinesRegd. Office:TÜV SÜD Hong Kong Limited18/F & 19/F, Yuen Long Trading Centre33 Wang Yip Street WestYuen Long, New Territories, Hong KongPage 1 of 4Test Report No.60.160.12.13923.01R1Dated2012-10-22Applicant:东莞豪峻化工有限公司东莞市东城中路163号路路通大厦A区六楼H室Attn:黄伟斌Test Subject:White EVAPurpose of Examination:(1) Formamide Content TestExtraction with methanol, quantification using GC-MS[Reporting Limit = 2 mg/kg]Test result:Refer to section3Conclusion:(1) Formamide Content Test Report as is Remark: - The result relates only to the items tested- Samples are tested as received- “Report as is” means only make out result according to client's requirement- This report supersedes test report No. 60.160.12.13923.01 issued on 2012-10-15.No extract, abridgment or abstraction from a test report may be published or used to advertise a product without the written consent of the Director of TÜV SÜD Hong Kong Ltd. The results contained herein apply only to the particular sample tested and to the specific test carried out and not to samples of the current production line.Laboratory:TÜV SÜD Hong Kong Limited Phone : +852 2443 3774Fax : +852 2944 0005E-mail: softlines@/softlinesRegd. Office:TÜV SÜD Hong Kong Limited18/F & 19/F, Yuen Long Trading Centre33 Wang Yip Street WestYuen Long, New Territories, Hong KongPage 2 of 4Test Report No.60.160.12.13923.01R1 Dated2012-10-221.Order1.1Customer's ReferenceColors: 米白色1.2Receipt Date of Test Sample,LocationReceived on2012-09-28,Xia Men1.3Date of Testing,LocationFrom2012-09-29to2012-10-08,Hong Kong 1.4Document submittedNilLaboratory:TÜV SÜD Hong Kong LimitedPhone : +852 2443 3774 Fax : +852 2944 0005E-mail: softlines@ /softlinesRegd. Office:TÜV SÜD Hong Kong Limited18/F & 19/F, Yuen Long Trading Centre 33 Wang Yip Street WestYuen Long, New Territories, Hong KongPage 3 of 4Test Report No.60.160.12.13923.01R1Dated 2012-10-222. Description of the test subjectSampleNo. DescriptionSupplier/ MaterialsPhotograph001 White EVA/Laboratory:TÜV SÜD Hong Kong Limited Phone : +852 2443 3774Fax : +852 2944 0005E-mail: softlines@/softlinesRegd. Office:TÜV SÜD Hong Kong Limited18/F & 19/F, Yuen Long Trading Centre33 Wang Yip Street WestYuen Long, New Territories, Hong KongPage 4 of 4Test Report No.60.160.12.13923.01R1Dated2012-10-223 Test Results3.1Formamide Content TestExtraction with methanol, quantification using GC-MS[Reporting Limit = 2 mg/kg]Sample Result(s) [mg/kg]001 <22. “<” denotes less thanTÜV SÜD Hong Kong LtdTÜV SÜD GroupTested by:Reviewedby:Mannix ChanProject ManagerChemical DepartmentChristina ChanLaboratory ManagerChemical Department-End of Report-Document ID: GCN_HK_GTC – Rev.1Effective date 2010-05-05General Terms and Conditionsof TÜV SÜD Hong Kong Limited (hereinafter referred to as the company )1. 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Client agrees that the Company will use the test methods for analysis as requested in the request form, and if none is stated in the form, the Company will choose the appropriate test methods for analysis.(2.6) The Reports of Findings issued by the Company will reflect the facts as recorded by it atthe time of its intervention only and within the limits of the instructions received or, in the absence of such instructions, within the limits of the alternative parameters applied as provided for in Clause 2.1. The Company is under no obligation to refer to, or report upon, any facts or circumstances, which are outside the specific instructions received or al-ternative parameters applied.(2.7) The performance of all or part of the services may be delegated to an agent or subcon-tractor by the Company. The Client authorizes the Company to disclose all information ne-cessary for such performance to the agent or subcontractor.(2.8) Documents reflecting engagements contracted between the Client and third parties or thirdparty documents, e.g. sales contract copies, letters of credit, bills of lading, etc. should be made available to the Company. These are considered to be for information only, and do not extend or restrict the scope of the services or the obligations accepted by the Company. (2.9) The Company agrees that, by providing the services to the Client, it neither takes the placeof Client or any third party, nor otherwise assumes, abridges, abrogates or undertakes to discharge any duty of the Client to any third party or that of any third party to the Client. Al-so, it does not release the Client or any third party from any of their obligations.(2.10) Depending on the nature of each sample, all samples given to the Company shallbe retained for a maximum of 3 months or for such other shorter time period as the nature of the sample permits, and then sent back to Client or otherwise disposed of at the Compa-ny’s discretion. After that time the Company will not be responsible for the samples. Storage of samples for more than 3 months shall incur a storage fee payable by the Client. If sam-ples are returned to the Client, the Client will be billed a hand ling and freight fees. Special disposal charges will be billed to the Client if incurred.3. Client’s Obligations The Client shall:(3.1) ensure that all required supporting documents, information and instructions as submittedare accurate, trueful and complete. These information are to be submitted in a timely not later than 2 working days from the date of which the services are requested by the Client(3.2) ensure to give all necessary access for the Company's representatives to the premis-es where the services are to be performed and to take all necessary steps to eliminate or reme-dy any obsta cles to , o r interruptions in the performance of the services;(3.3) make available any special equipment and personnel necessary for the performance of theservices, if required;(3.4) ensure that for the safety and security of working conditions, sites and installations, all ne-cessary measures are taken during the performance of services. In this respect, the Client will not rely on the Company's advice whether required or not;(3.5) inform the Company of any known hazards or dangers, actual or potential, associatedwith any order, samples, testing or any other service rendered by the Company well in advance. Those are, but are not limited to the presence or risk of radiation, environ-mental pollution or poisons- toxic or noxious or explosive elements or materials;(3.6) fully exercise all its rights and discharge all its liabilities under any relevant sales or othercontract with a third party.4. Fees and Payment(4.1) All Fees not agreed on between the Company and Client at the time the order is placedor a contract is concluded shall be determined by the Company’s Schedule of Fees (which are subject to change). All applicable taxes shall be paid by Client, as far as man-datory laws do not provide otherwise.(4.2) Unless a specific period is established in the invoice, the Client shall pay upon receiv-ing the invoice, but not later than 30 days from the relevant invoice date or within such other period as may be established by the Company in the invoice (the “Due Date”).(4.3) The Client shall not be entitled to retain or defer due payment of any sums to the Company onaccount of any dispute, counter claim or set -off against the Company. The Company reserves the right to retain or defer any due payments if any dispute arises with or it raises any counterclaim against the Client. The Company is entitled to set off due payments against payments of theClient.(4.4) For the collection of unpaid fees, the Company may decide to bring action in anycourt with competent jurisdiction. The corresponding collection costs, including at-torney's fees and related costs, shall be borne by the Client, as far as the manda-tory local law does not provide otherwise.(4.5) In case of any unforeseen problems or expenses arise while carrying out the ser-vices, the Company informs the Client. In such cases, the Company shall be en-titled to charge additional fees to cover extra time and to invoice extra costs neces-sarily incurred to complete the services.(4.6) If the Company is unable to perform all or parts of the services for any causewhatsoever beyond the Company’s control, including the failure by Client to comp-ly with any of its obligations provided for in the foregoing Clause 3, the Company shall nevertheless be entitled to payments of:(1) The amount of all non-refundable expenses incurred by the Co mpany; and (2) A proportion of the agreed fee equal to the proportion of the services actual-ly carried out. 5. Suspension or Termination of ServicesIn any case mentioned below, the Company shall be entitled to either suspend or terminate the provisio n of the services immediately and without any liability:(5.1) Failure by the Client to comply with any of its obligations under these GeneralTerms and Conditions and such failure is not remedied within 10 days after a no-tice of such failure has been delivered to the Client; or(5.2) Any suspensio n of payment, arrangement with creditors, bankruptcy, insol-vency, receivership or cessation of business by Client. 6. Liability and Indemnification(6.1) Limitation of Liability :(1) Clients seeking a guarantee against loss or damage should obtain appro-priate insurance. The Company is neither an insurer nor a guarantor and disclaims all liability in such capacity.(2) Reports of Findings are issued on the basis of the information, documentsand/or samples provided by, or on behalf of the Client and solely for the benef it of the Client who is obliged to act on the basis of such Reports of Find-ings . Neither the Company nor any of its staff , agents or subcontractors shall be liable to the Client nor to any third party for any actions taken or not taken on the b asis of such Reports of Findings, or for any incorrect results arising from unclear, erroneous, incomplete, misleading or false information pro-vided to the Company.(3) For any delayed, total or partial non-performance of the services arisingdirectly or indirectly from any event beyond the Company’s control, includ-ing failure by Client to comply with any of its obligations hereunder, t h e Company shall not be liable.(4) The liability of the Company in respect of any claim for loss, damage or ex-pense of any natur e and howsoever arising shall in no circumstances ex-ceed a total aggregate sum equal to 10 times the amount of the fee paid in respect of the specific service which gives rise to such claim, and shall in any case not exceed the equivalent of 25,000 EUR in HKD.(5) For any indirect or consequential loss (including loss of profit s), the Compa-ny shall not have any liabilities.(6) In case of any claim, the Client must give written notice to the Compa-ny within 30 days of discovery of the facts with all necessary documents to justify such claim. In any case, the Company shall be discharged from all liability for all claims for loss, damage or expense unless a law suit is brought within two years from:(i) the performance date of the Company for its services which refers tothe claim; or(ii) the date when the service should have been completed in the eventof any alleged non-performance.(6.2) Indemnification : Against all claims (actual or threatened) by any third party forloss, damage or expenses of whatsoever nature including all legal expenses and related costs and howsoever ar ising relating to the performance, purported performance or non-performance of any services, the Client shall guarantee, hold harmless and indemnify the Company and its officers, employees, agents or sub-contractors. 7. Obligation of Confidentiality, Copyright, Data Privacy Protection(7.1) The Company shall be authorized to make file copies of written documents,which have been made available to it for review and which are important for processing the order.(7.2) Insofar as Reports of Findings are prepared in the course of processing the orderand which are subject to the protection of copyright, then the Company shall grant the Client a simple, non-transferable right to use, insofar as this is neces-sary and in accordance with the contractually presupposed purpose. Other rights shall not be transferred; in particular, the customer shall not be entitled to modify and/or edit audit reports or to make use of such outside of his business premises.(7.3) The Company and its staff which may be called in shall not disclose or use tradeand business matters about which they have gained knowledge during the per-formance of their work without proper authorization. 8. Miscellaneous(8.1) The validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not inany way be affected or impaired, even if any one or more provisions of these General Conditions are found to be illegal or unenforceable in any respect.(8.2) Client shall not directly or indirectly entice, encourage or make any offer toCompany’s employees to leave their employment with the Company, during the course of providing the services and for a period of one year thereafter. (8.3) Use of the Company’s corporate name or registered marks for advertising pur-poses is not permitted without the Company’s prior wr itten authorization. 9. Governing Law, Jurisdiction and Dispute Settlement(9.1) Unless specifically agreed otherwise, all disputes arising out or in connectionwith contractual relationship(s) hereunder shall be governed by the applicable laws and regulations of the Hong Kong S.A.R Region. (9.2) Place of performance for any obligation arising out of this contract shall beHong Kong, the Place of TÜV SÜD Hong Kong Limited, unless otherwise ex-pressly agreed by the parties. 10. LanguagesIn the event of any discrepancy between the English and the Chinese version of these General Terms and Conditions, the English version shall prevail.。