最新中考19专题—阅读理解(教师版) 芝麻开门

中考19专题—阅读理解（教师版）芝麻开门

Rory: Time me. I'm going to do this cube puzzle.

Rory: Are you timing me?

Stan: March 6, 2009. Go.

（批注：欣赏小漫画，猜猜单词的含义：time: 计时；cube: 立方体puzzle: 难题cube puzzle: 【魔方】知己知彼

近三年中考真题分析：

用兵如神

考点一: 细节理解题

【典型例题1】

【2018 北京中考A】

47. How many popular articles are there in the magazine?

A. 2

B. 3

C. 4

D.5

48. Which article is about saving money?

A. Ice cream and banking.

B. Black sheep and Uncle Bob.

C. Relation between you and food.

D. Films that aren’t really about Canada.

49. What is Black sheep and Uncle Bob about?

A. American films.

B. Family stories.

C. Food.

D. Banking.

【答案】47.C 48.A 49.B

【考点精析】

47. 该题是一道细节题。图表的标题"Popular Articles in the Magazine"，意思是"杂志中受欢迎的文章"，一共有四篇文章，所以也可以得知该题的答案为C。

What does Ping! hope to achieve?

It would be great if Ping ！helped find a new Olympic table tennis star but what Ping! really hopes to achieve is just to get people playing and having fun together."Putting a ping pong table on the street gives people a chance to connect with other people," said Meera Sodha, Ping! Project Manager.

One of the towns that took part in the project was Hull, a city in England. Forty-five tables were put into the city. Jakob Adamski, an ESOL student learning. English, said, "I really enjoyed playing table tennis in the park. It was also a good way for me to practise my English and meet people." 50. When did the Ping! project start?

A. Last summer.

B. Last winter.

C. In 2010.

D. In 2012. 【答案】50.C 【考点精析】

50. 本题属于细节题。由第二段第一行Ping ！is a three-year table tennis project. It has been running since 2010…可知，正确答案为C 选项。

教学

点拨

【即学即练】

【2017 北京中考A】

The cost of the trip is $25. This includes tickets and all rides.

47. Who can take part in the “Event of the Summer”?

A. Children under 5

B. Children over 16

C. Children aged 10-14

D. Children aged 5-9

48. The children had better bring ____

A. a basketball

B. lunch

C. a gift

D. gloves

49. When can children register at the Brown School?

A. On July 1

B. On July 3

C. On July 14

D. On July 16

【答案】47.C 48.B 49.A

【2017 北京中考B】

Dereck Joubert and his wife, Beverly, have made many films about wild animals in Africa. Their films and photographs are very popular and one of the photographs has been on the front cover of a National Geofraphic magazine.

A working day for Dereck and Beverly starts very early—at 4:30 in the

morning! That’s when they get up and start filming.And it’s a long day—they often

work until 8:30 in the evening. In the winter it’s very cold and in the summer it can

be 40℃. Dereck always does the filming—Beverly never does that, and she doesn’t

write. But Dereck never takes photographs or records the sound. They work very well as a team, and they both believe we should shoot animals with cameras—not with funs!

When they have finished filming and taking photographs for the day, they have dinner and Dereck usually writes while Beverly looks at her photographs. At night they usually sleep in a small tent, but they sometimes sleep in the Land Cruiser—when you’re very close to wild animals, it’s sometimes safer to sleep in the car!

Dereck and Beverly have also travelled around the world and given talks about their work. Dereck says that the animals are not just something to look at—they play an important role. Beverly thinks the wild animals can teach us a lot about ourselves.

51. Dereck and Beverly start working

A. at 4:30 in the morning

B. at 4:30 in the afternoon

C. at 8:30 in the morning

D. at 8:30 in the evening

52. Dereck and Beverly usually sleep at night.

A. in a car

B. in a tent

C. in a house

D. in a hotel

53. Beverly thinks the wild animals

A. are something to look at

B. are very popular

C. play an unimportant role

D. can teach us a lot

【答案】51.A 52.B 53.D

考点二: 推理判断题

【典型例题1】【2018北京中考D】

The willful blindness in hockey toward concussions (头部撞击) has dropped. Hockey Canada has followed the lead of USA Hockey in preventing bodychecking (身体拦截) below age 13. A bad head injury of Sidney Crosby, the hockey's greatest star, opened the eyes of hockey people everywhere. This country's children have been facing similar danger at early ages, and Hockey Canada had to deal with a

deep worry in the minds of Canadians to make the rule change. The liking for

bodychecking from an early age is part of what makes Canadian hockey what it is.

The change in rules should be taken as a chance to draw special attention to skill development in an environment free of danger. It may also control the loss of thousands of young players who don't enjoy that environment.

For years, many Canadian hockey parents and coaches have insisted that bodychecking at early ages is necessary to ensure that players can do it safely at older ages. True or not, there may be a safer way to teach hitting than to make younger players pay a price for it in head injuries. When USA Hockey changed its rules for the 2011-2012 season, it also created bodychecking-education programs that will be mandatory(强制的) for all coaches, including those teaching players in the pre-checking ages. And it began to encourage more "touch"

-without real bodychecking - from 9 to 12. It also made the rules for 13 and up stricter. The USA is trying to show that it's possible to teach hockey protective skills without putting11 and 12-year-olds in greater danger. It's worth the try.

Hockey Canada has taken serious steps to do away with hits on the head. However, it's hard to change a sports culture so connected with who we are as a country. Too often, bodychecking has been used to try to separate a player from his head rather than from the ball. Children were paying a price for this country's love of the game.

There are always changes in Canada's game, and the change in the bodychecking age sends the clearest message yet to coaches and parents that player safety is paramount(至上的) in the game.

56. We can tell that the problem of bodychecking in Canada____________.

A. is controlled strictly

B. is taken more seriously now

C. is caused by players' carelessness

D. is connected with players' interest

58. What can we learn from the passage?

A. The USA found a safer way to teach bodychecking.

B. Bodychecking-education programs in the USA are successful.

C. Bodychecking is a good way to value players' skills in the USA.

D. The USA has tried to create an environment of less bodychecking.

【答案】56.B 58.D

【考点精析】本题属于阅读理解题型中的推理判断题。

56. 本题属于推理判断题。根据题干关键词bodychecking in Canada，可定位至原文开头部分，根据"Canada has followed…in preventing bodychecking "不难判断，加拿大在身体拦截问题上管控得更加严格了，确定选项B为正确答案。

58. 本题属于推理判断题。从题干处我们并不能获得太多的解题信息，此时我们需将注意力转移至选项部分。观察选项不难确定，本题考查的是身体拦截（bodychecking）在美国的情况。结合之前对文章的整体把握，可将解题所需阅读的范围控制在文章第三段的后半部分。本部分讲述了美国在变更规则之后的应对措施，即开展强制开展身体拦截的系统教育，这一措施力图证明在不需要将自己的安全作为赌注的情况之下，教练也能教授孩子们冰球的各项技能。综上对各选项进行分析，不难确定D项为正确答案。

【典型例题2】

【2017北京中考D】

Reading Oliver James' Affluenza, I thought about what often happens at home. My 12-year-old daughter is in tears."I have so take a test tomorrow. I don't understand any of it," she cries out. After shouting and shutting her

door, she calms down enough to go through her notes. The following dry I ask her how the test went and the just says" OK, I got a nine".

"Wow. Well done!"I say, before she finishes with "But I never get a ten!"

According to James, this obsession with getting top marks has been a bad development, which encourages people to think of education in terms of work and money. To test this, I asked my daughter why she was so worried about her tests. She looked at me as if I was thick."Well, if I don't get good grades, I won't be able to afford nice things like a car and stuff."

I was quite surprised, because I don't consider myself a pushy parent. But James suggests and it leaves students feeling failures even if they are very bright. He points to the Danish system（体制）of education as a better model. Creating happy citizens who have good social skills is seen as more important than high achievements at school or the needs of business.

For me, I cannot remember the last time I had to work out the area of a circle, recite a Shakespeare poem or grammar rules, yet I have lived a happy life. What I really needed to learn at school was how to make polite conversations, or how to avoid getting into debt or how to develop good personality.

This is in fact similar to what Oliver James really has in mind. And he is looking for schools where students are encouraged to find and follow their own interests, something more like Tongjon. Tongjon has been developed in some Korean private schools. It is quite different from the more rigid system of learning things by heart that is used in Korea, and indeed in many other school systems around the world.

As the Russian poet Pushkin said, "Inspiration (灵感)is needed in geometry(几何学) just as much as in poetry ", and inspiration does not come from endlessly revising for tests or getting worried about them .

58. What can we infer from the passage?

A. Social skills are as important as high grades.

B. Interest in grades can shake self-confidence.

C. The writer regrets not having studied hard at school.

D. Danish educational system is for very smart students.

【答案】B

【考点精析】本题属于阅读理解题型中的推理判断题。

58. A社会技能与高分一样重要。B在成绩方面的兴趣可以影响自信。C作者后悔没有在学校努力学习。D 丹麦的教育体制是为非常聪明的学生（服务的）。由倒数第二段内容可知，，A与文章“Creating happy citizens who have good social skills is seen as more important than high achievements at school or the needs of business.”

中考复习模拟试题集锦——阅读理解型问题

阅读理解型问题一、解答题 1、（2013·湖州市中考模拟试卷1）阅读理解：对于任意正实数a,b ， 2(0 a b -≥，∴0a b +≥，∴a ＝b 时，等号成立．结论：在a,b 均为正实数）中，若ab 为定值p ，则a b +，当且仅当a ＝b ，a+b 有最小值2．根据上述内容，回答下列问题：（1）若x ﹥0，只有当x ＝时，4x x + 有最小值．（2）探索应用：如图，已知A(－2,0)，B(0,－3)，点P 为双曲线6(0)y x x =>上的任意一点，过点P 作PC ⊥x 轴于点C ，PD ⊥y 轴于点D ．求四边形ABCD 面积的最小值，并说明此时四边形ABCD 的形状．答案：（1）2 …………………………‥2分， 4 …………………‥‥4分设6(,)P x x , 则6(,0),(0,)Cx D x ,62,3C Ax D B x ∴=+=+， ∴116(2)(3)22A B C D S C A D Bx x =?=+?+四边形，化简得：112(3)6,2S x x =++ ‥‥‥8分，当且仅当123,2x x x ==即时，等号成立． ‥‥‥9分 ∴S≥×12＋6＝12 ∴S 四边形ABCD 有最小值12. ‥‥‥10分 ∵OA ＝OC ，OD ＝OB ∴四边形ABCD 是平行四边形． ………………‥‥11分又AC ⊥BD ∴四边形ABCD 是菱形． (12) 2、（2013·湖州市中考模拟试卷8）阅读材料：如图，△ABC 中，AB =AC ，P 为底边BC 上任意一点，点P 到两腰的距离分别为21,r r ，腰上的高为h ，连结AP ，则

中考英语阅读理解专项讲解

阅读理解整体分析选材 ①阅读材料通常在150~250词之间 ②选材广泛,具有浓厚的时代气息 ③阅读语段生动活泼,语句富子变化命题原则 ①要求考生既能理解具体的事实,也能理解抽象的概念; ②要求考生既能理解文章的表层意思,也能理解文章的深层含义; ③要求考生既能理解某句、某段的意思,也能理解全篇的逻辑关系; 中考阅读理解的应试策略在解答阅读理解题时,要根据如下步骤进行解题。 1.浏览问题明确要求先了解文章后面所要解决的问题再去看文章,能使思路更加清晰,做到心中有数。 2.略读全文,了解梗概略读就是在尽可能短的时间内把握文章或段落的内容,略读时要特别注意主题。 3.通读寻读猎取信息寻读时可把与答题无关的内容一扫而过,而与答题有关的重要信息要认真读。 4逐条分析,对号入座即把寻读时所获得的信息与答题要求结合起来,逐条进行分析,对号人座。 5.复读全文,验证答案再次仔细阅读全文,进一步加深对文章的理解,核实所选内容是否正确。阅读理解不同题型解题技巧基于不同的考查目的,阅读理解题通常可分类为“细节理解题”“主且大意题”“词义猜测题”与“推理判断题”,不同的考查目的,会有不同的设题特点可使用不同的解题技巧。一、细节理解题解题技巧细节理解题主要是考查who, what, which, when, where等文章细节些细节理解题比较简单,只需浏览文中所叙述的事实或细节,就可以作答。但一些细节理解题则需要通过语句的同义或反义转换来考查学生对英语的理解能力,对文中个别难词、关键词、词组或句子作出解释或需要对有关的上下文提供的语境和信息、甚至对整篇文章的内容建立准确、立体的理解和判断。这些题的难度较大解答细节理解题时,要先看题于,然后带着问题读文章。同学们做这类题时可以边读边做记号,加强阅读的针对性提高做题的准确率, 1.语义转换题一跳读查找法。语义转换题通常考查对某句话或某几包话的理解，可根据题干内容从原文中找到相关句子,然后进行比较和分析,并确定最佳答案运用跳读查找法时,要特别注意试题及其选项与原文之间的语义变换,如同义变换、概念解析、归纳事实等 2.生活应用题一常识理解法。生活应用题要求学生在读懂文章的基础上结合定的生活常识进行判断。但有些时候,一些常识性判断题,甚至只看题干,就可选出最佳答案。 3.细节排序题一首尾定位法。这种试题要求学生根据动作发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系,找出事件发生的正确顺序,做此类题时可采用“首尾定位第一个动作和最后一个动作,迅速缩小选择范围,从而快速选出正确答案 4.寻找值息题一干定位法。快速寻找信息题一般为功能阅读题,主要形式有广告、公告、演出信息、航班时间表、购物就餐等,做这类题时没有必要阅读全文,直采用“题干定位法,根据题干要求,直接从表格中查找相关信息

中考专题阅读理解题教学设计

《中考专题阅读理解题》教学设计教学目标： 1. 掌握阅读理解题的基本思路以及中考的考点，经历实践、探索的过程,培养学生的阅读理解能力和知识的迁移应用。 2．通过观察、想象、培养学生思维的灵活性、全面性、严密性以及思维的广度和深度。 3．渗透数学文化，陶冶学生心灵，感受数学的魅力。重点：阅读理解题的方法和步骤的理解和应用。难点：阅读理解题的方法的灵活运用。学情分析我现在所带班级学生整体学习能力处于中等水平，接触新的知识需要较长的理解过程，对事物的认知停留在单一知识点上，不懂构建数学模型。在本节课的教学中我会注意做到以下几点： 1加强研究，转变观念。 2正确认识数学基础知识和基本技能。 3关注数学方法和数学思想的渗透。 4注重过程教学，培养思维品质。培养目标分析 1经历实践、探索的过程培养学生的阅读理解能力、自习能力、书面表达能力、随机应变能力和知识的迁移应用。 2通过观察、想像、书写培养学生思维的灵活性、全面性、严密性以及思维的广度和深度。 3让学生唱主角，老师任导演，增强学生学数学、用数学、探索数学奥秘

的愿望，体验成功的喜悦。 4渗透数学文化陶冶学生心灵感受数学的魅力。通过以上这些具体目标的实现让学生最终拥有一种能力、拥有一份兴趣，能像老师那样潜心研究数学，终身享用数学，达到这一点我们就成功了。教学过程一导入新课由一首歌曲导入本节课，阅读理解型问题是中考的热点，一般篇幅较长，涉及内容丰富，构思新颖别致。这类问题，主要考查解题者的心理素质，自学能力和阅读理解能力，考查解题者的观察分析能力、判辩是非能力、类比操作能力、抽象概括能力、数学归纳能力以及数学语言表达能力。二阅读理解题分为四类考点一新定义学习型阅读理解题 1.新定义概念型阅读题:要把握新概念的现实模型,理解新概念的形成过程,以便于正确应用新概念进行分析、解决问题. 2.新定义运算型阅读题:把新定义运算转化为一般的实数运算是解这类阅读理解题的关键. 【例1】(2013·临沂中考)对于实数a ，b ，定义运算“*”： a*b= 例如：4*2，因为4＞2，所以4*2=42－4×2 =8.若x1，x2是一元二次方程x2－5x+6=0的两个根，则x1*x2=___________. 【思路点拨】先求出一元二次方程x2－5x+6=0的两个根x1和x2，然后分情况讨论两个根与a,b 的对应关系，再根据新定义的运算：当a ≥b 时，a*b=a2－ab ，当a ＜b 时，a*b=ab －b2，计算x1*x2的值. 22a ab,a b,ab b ,a b,?≥??

中考英语阅读理解专题《直击中考英语阅读理解》

直击中考英语阅读理解一、阅读理解题的命题特点阅读理解能力的培养是中学英语学习的一项重要任务，也是中考的一项重要内容。中考阅读理解题主要考查学生的语篇阅读能力、分析和判断能力。要求学生能较快地通过阅读理解短文大意，获取其中的主要信息，并能做出正确判断，然后根据试题的要求从A、B、C、D 4个选项中选出最佳答案或做出正误判断。文章的难易程度和初三课文基本相同，要求阅读速度为每分钟40～50个词。 (一)中考阅读理解题阅读材料的选取一般遵循3个原则： 1.阅读文章不少于3篇，阅读量在1000单词左右。 2.题材广泛，包括科普、社会、文化、政治、经济等。 3.体裁多样，包括记叙文、说明文、应用文等。 (二)中考阅读理解题考查的主要内容是： 1．考查掌握所读材料的主旨和大意的能力。此类考查主旨和大意的题大多数针对段落(或短文)的主题、主题思想、标题或目的，其主要提问方式是： 1)Which is the best title of the passage? 2)Which of the following is this passage about? 3)In this passage the writer tries to tell us that________． 4)The passage tells us that_______． 5)This passage mainly talks about_________． 2.考查把握文章的事实和细节的能力。此类考查事实和细节的题目大多数是针对文章的细节设计的，其主要提问方式是： 1)Which of the following is right? 2)Which of the following is not mentioned? 3)Which of the following is Not True in the passage? 4)Choose the right order of this passage． 5)From this passage wc know____________． 3．考查根据上下文猜测生词含义的能力。此类猜测词义的题目要求考生根据上下文确定某一特定的词或短语的准确含义。其主要提问方式是： 1)The word“…”in the passage probably means_________． 2)The underlined word“…”in the passage refers to_________．

中考语文阅读理解题常考题型及答题技巧

中考语文阅读理解题常考题型及答题技巧 ☆做阅读题必须有四种意识： 1、文体意识：根据文章的不同体裁去答题 2、语境意识：联系文章中心和上下文答题 3、文本意识：坚信一切答案可以在文章中找到，答题不能脱离文本 4、题目意识：注意答在问中，从问题中找命题意图和答题要点和要求，注意按分值答题☆做阅读题的流程： 1、速读，确定体裁和中心 2、初看题目，明要求，再通读原文 3、依据要求，确定有效阅读区域，反复斟酌，并作答 4、复查，是否按照要求作答，是否表述明确。记叙文（散文、小说）阅读常考题型及答题技巧考点一：把握文章内容，概括文章所写事件常考题型：阅读全文，概括文章写了关于谁的几件事/一件事。或者“简要概括这篇文章的主要内容”答题技巧：文段中事例的概括： ①必须包括两个要素：人物＋事情；“谁做了什么”或“谁怎么样" ②其他要素如：时间（季节、年代）、地点、环境如果有特定意义，也应概括在内。可用这样的模式：“什么人”+“在什么情况下+”“做什么事”+“什么结果” 考点二：品味题目常考题型： ①为什么以此为题？ ②谈谈你对题目的理解。 ③试分析题目的作用。 ④给文章加（换）题目。答题技巧：文章的标题是“文眼”，统帅全文。它的作用主要有概括主要故事情节、文章的线索、揭示文章的中心、点明写作对象等作用。答题技巧：（1）先看题目本义：词语含义概括内容（点明写作内容如主要事件人物等）（2）再思考深层含义：中心（主旨）：与中心的关系（揭示了，点明了）人物：与人物关系（表现人物性格；表明作者情感；是作者感情触发点）结构：线索、悬念表现手法：象征（3）最后分析其效果：运用比喻、化用诗词、引用歌词、一语双关等生动形象、新颖含蓄、言简意丰、发人深思、引起阅读兴趣等（议论文的题目一般点明论点或论题；说明文常点明说明对象或特征）可以从— A内容上 B 主题上 C线索D设置悬念上等方面进行品味。示例：（1）主题上结合中心必答，如象征性的散文题目，也可以这样回答：拟题巧妙，一语双关，本指…… 实指……，突出主题，耐人寻味。（2）说明文：用了什么修辞手法，生动形象说明了………，点明了本文说明的主要内容，点明

中考英语阅读理解专项复习经典

中考英语阅读理解专项复习经典一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析） 1．阅读理解 Science fiction is a popular kind of writing, and many people think of Jules Verne（凡尔纳） as the father of science fiction. He was born in France in 1828. His father wanted him to become a lawyer, but from his early 20s Verne decided to become a writer. At first he wrote plays for the theater. Then, in 1863, he wrote a story called Five Weeks in a Balloon. The success of this book encouraged him to write more stories such as A Journey to the Center of the Earth（1864） and From the Earth to the Moon（1865）. In the 19th century, many people were interested in science and inventions. Jules Verne wrote about scientific subjects in his stories and, as a result, they were very popular. Verne's writing included many predictions（预言）for the 20th century and many of them came true. He described space flight, movies, and air conditioning, a long time before they appeared. These books were very successful and they made Verne rich. Jules Verne's books have been the subjects for many movies. 20, 000 Leagues under the Sea was a successful movie for Walt Disney. It was the first time that Disney movie had used real actors instead of cartoon drawings. Around the World in Eighty Days is another famous movie based on one of Verne's books. The main character is an Englishman called Phileas Fogg. For him, the most important thing is to be always on time! （1）What does the phrase "the father of science fiction" mean? A. The father who has several children. B. The man who loves science and inventions. C. The writer whose father wrote science fiction. D. The man who first started writing science fiction successfully. （2）What encouraged Jules Verne to write more stories? A. The plays he wrote for the theater. B. The encouragement from his father. C. The success of Five Weeks in a Balloon. D. The scientific subjects in his stories. （3）Why were Jules Verne's books very popular in the 19th century? A. Because his books made him rich and famous. B. Because he wrote many plays for the theater at that time. C. Because his books were the subjects for many movies. D. Because many people were interested in science and inventions. （4）Which of the following has the main character called Phileas Fogg? A. Five Weeks in a Balloon. B. Around the World in Eighty Days. C. A Journey to the Center of the Earth. D. From the Earth to the Moon. （5）According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A. The space flight Verne described was different from others. B. The main characters in Verne's books are always on time. C. Jules Verne only wrote in the 19th century. D. Many of the predictions in Verne's stories came true.

中考英语阅读理解专题(含答案)经典

一、中考英语阅读理解汇编 1．阅读上面的信息，选择正确答案。 ① Jackie, Are you good at fixing printers? The one in my office doesn't work. Please help! Grace ② You can make a cake in about fifteen minutes. First, heat the oven to 350℉. Then, put the flour （面粉） in a bowl and add the milk, butter, eggs and salt. ③ Found A purple schoolbag. Found at the gate. Call Janet at 457-4611. ④ Telephone Message From: Luke Sanger To: Mr. Miller Message: Call him back at 3: 00 p. m. on June 29 at his office number （234-3688）. ⑤Our running club members meet at 7: 00 p.m. every Wednesday. We run in two groups: Beginners （for anyone ） The experienced （for runners who can do 12miles or more ） Join us to keep fit! Call Esteban Lopez at 617-555- 3697. A. office B. mobile phone C. printer D. cake （2）We may read Text ② in a ________. A. cookbook B. music magazine C. weather report D. story book （3）Text ③ should be a ________. A. thank-you note B. letter C. postcard D. notice （4）According to Text④, Luke Sanger should be ________ at 3: 00 p. m. on June 29. A. at home B. in the office C. on the plane D. at the restaurant （5）In Test ⑤, the running club members meet ________. A. once a week B. twice a week C. once a month D. twice a month 【答案】（1）C （2）A （3）D （4）B （5）A 【解析】【分析】大意：本文介绍感谢信，蛋糕制作流程，失物招领，和电话和俱乐部等的信息。（1）细节题。根据 Are you good at fixing printers? 可知打印机出了问题，故选C 。（2）推断题。本则内容主要介绍如何做蛋糕，因此此则信息可能来自烹饪的书籍，故选A 。

中考数学阅读理解题专题

中考百分百——备战2008中考专题 (阅读理解题) 一、知识网络梳理阅读理解题是近几年新出现的一种新题型，这种题型特点鲜明、内容丰富、超越常规，源于课本，高于课本，不仅考查学生的阅读能力，而且综合考查学生的数学意识和数学综合应用能力，尤其侧重于考查学生的数学思维能力和创新意识，此类题目能够帮助学生实现从模仿到创造的思维过程，符合学生的认知规律。阅读理解题一般由两部分组成:一是阅读材料;?二是考查内容.它要求学生根据阅读获取的信息回答问题.提供的阅读材料主要包括:?一个新的数学概念的形成和应用过程,或一个新数学公式的推导与应用,或提供新闻背景材料等.考查内容既有考查基础的,又有考查自学能力和探索能力等综合素质的. 这类题目的结构一般为：给出一段阅读材料，学生通过阅读，将材料所给的信息加以搜集整理，在此基础上，按照题目的要求进行推理解答。涉及到的数学知识很多，几乎涉及所有中考内容。阅读理解题是近几年频频出现在中考试卷中的一类新题型，不仅考查学生的阅读能力，而且综合考查学生的数学意识和数学综合应用能力，尤其是侧重于考查学生的数学思维能力和创新意识，此类题目能够帮助考生实现从模仿到创造的思想过程，符合学生的认知规律，是中考的热点题目之一，今后的中考试题有进一步加强的趋势。题型考查解题思维过程的阅读理解题言之有据，言必有据，这是正确解题的关键所在，是提高数学素质的前提。数学中的基本定理、公式、法则和数学思想方法都是理解数学、学习数学和应用数学的基础，这类试题就是为检测解题者理解解题过程、掌握基本数学思想方法和辨别是非的能力而设置的。题型考查纠正错误挖病根能力的阅读理解题理解基本概念不是拘泥于形式的死记硬背，而是要把握概念的内涵或实质，理解概念间的相互联系，形成知识脉络，从而整体地获取知识。这类试题意在检测解题者对知识的理解以及认识问题和解决问题的能力。题型考查归纳、探索规律能力的阅读理解题对材料信息的加工提练和运用，对规律的归纳和发现能反映出一个人的应用数学、发展数学和进行数学创新的意识和能力。这类试题意在检测解题者的数学化能力以及驾驭数学的创新意识和才能。题型考查掌握新知识能力的阅读理解题命题者给定一个陌生的定义或公式或方法，让你去解决新问题，这类考题能考查解题者自学能力和阅读理解能力，能考查解题者接收、加工和利用信息的能力。解阅读新知识，应用新知识的阅读理解题时，首先做到认真阅读题目中介绍的新知识，包括定义、公式、表示方法及如何计算等，并且正确理解引进的新知识，读懂范例的应用；其次，根据介绍的新知识、新方法进行运用，并与范例的运用进行比较，防止出错。第一课时代数阅读题［目标导学］此类阅读理解题一般以数式的运算、方程（不等式）的计算以及函数知识为背景，考查相关的知识；内容可以包括定义新思路、新方法，这主要是考查学生的理解应变能力，也可以是提供全新的的阅读材料，介绍新知识，用来考查学生的学以致用的能力。［例题精析］

中考数学专题-阅读理解型问题含答案

一、选择题 1．（2010广东广州，10，3分）为确保信息安全，信息需加密传输，发送方由明文→密文（加密），接收方由密文→明文（解密），已知有一种密码，将英文26个小写字母a，b，c，…，z依次对应0，1，2，…，25这26个自然数（见表格），当明文中的字母对应的序号为β时，将β+10 除以26 后所得的余数作为密文中的字母对应的序号，例如明文s 对应密文c 字母a b c d e f g h i j k l m 序号012345678910 11 12 字母n o p q r s t u v w x y z 序号13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 A．wkdrc B．wkhtc C．eqdjc D．eqhjc 【答案】A 2．（2010湖北荆州）若把函数y=x的图象用E（x，x）记，函数y=2x+1的图象用E（x， 2x+1）记，……则E（x，x 2 - 2x + 1 ）可以由E（x，x 2 ）怎样平移得到？ A．向上平移１个单位B．向下平移１个单位 C．向左平移１个单位D．向右平移１个单位【答案】D 二、填空题 1．（2010山东临沂）为确保信息安全，信息需加密传输，发送方由明文→密文（加密），接受方由密文→明文（解密），已知加密规则为：明文a, b, c, d 对应密文 a + 2b, 2 b +c, 2 c + 3 d , 4d .例如，明文1, 2, 3, 4 对应密文5, 7,18,16 .当接收方收到密文14, 9, 23, 28 时，则解密得到的明文为 . 【答案】6，4，1，7 2．（2010广东珠海）我们常用的数是十进制数，计算机程序使用的是二进制数（只有数码0和1），它们两者之间可以互相换算，如将(101) , 2 换算成十进制数应为： (1011) 2 (101) = 1? 22 + 0 ? 21 + 1? 20 = 4 + 0 + 1 = 5 2 = 1? 23 + 0 ? 22 + 1? 21 + 1? 20 = 11 (1011) 2 按此方式，将二进制(1001) 换算成十进制数的结果是. 2 【答案】9 3．（2010山东荷泽）刘谦的魔术表演风靡全国，小明也学起了刘谦发明了一个魔术盒，当任意实数对（a,b ）进入其中时，会得到一个新的实数：a2＋b－1,例如把（3，－2）放入其中，就会得到32＋（－2）－1＝6．现将实数对（－2，－3）放入其中，得到实数是．【答案】0 4．（2010贵州铜仁）定义运算“@”的运算法则为：x@y＝xy－1，则(2@3)@4＝．

2019中考英语阅读理解专项练习：The report

2019中考英语阅读理解专项练习：The report The report came to the British on May 21,1949. The German battleship Bismarck, the most powerful warship(战舰) in the world, was moving out into the Atlantic Ocean. Her task： to destroy the ships supplies from the United Statesto war-tornEngland. The British had feared such a task. No warship they had could match theBismarckin speed or in firepower. TheBismarckhad eight 15-inch guns and 81 small guns. She could move at 30 nautical(海上的) miles an hour. She was believed to be unsinkable. However, the British had to sink her. They sent out a task force headed by their best battleship Hood to hunt down theBismarck. On May 24, the Hood found theBismarck. It was a meeting that the German commander Luetjens did not want to see. His orders were to destroy the British ships that were carrying supplies, but to stay away from a fight with British warships. The battle didn’t last long. The Bismarck’s first torpedo(鱼雷) hit the Hood, which went down taking all but three of her 4,419 men with her. But in the fight, theBismarckwas slightly damaged. Her commander decided to run for repairs toFrance, which had at that time been taken by the speed and the heavy fog, they lost sight of her.

中考英语英语阅读理解专题练习(及答案)

中考英语英语阅读理解专题练习(及答案) 一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷 1．阅读理解 Children love to play and laugh throughout their days at school or at home. Finding the time to laugh with your children may be the best thing you can do for the relationship. Encourage your children to develop a good humor by laughing at the jokes they make up on the spot. This will help them grow confident and build their self-esteem. If you do not get the joke, you can ask why they think the joke is funny. Honest feedback will help your children develop funnier jokes. You can take them to your local library and have them pick up a few joke books. Then you can head back home or out to the park and read it together for a good laugh. You can take turns reading jokes to each other from the book or make up a few yourselves. But if they make a joke at the expense of another person, you may want to discuss the difference between making fun of yourself and making fun of others. In turn , try not to make jokes at your children’s expense, you need to set an exampl e that they can follow. Learning to laugh at oneself is a great quality to attain. You can set an example by laughing at your own mistakes. This is a great way to help reduce your own stress as well as your children’s. Laughing may make the situation seem lighter and easier to work through. By doing this, your children will be better prepared to handle any difficulties. Most importantly, laughing will bring you closer together as a family. You can have your family find different ways to laugh. You can play games. You can start a staring contest, arm wrestling contest, thumb wars contest and have a prize for the winners. You can all watch your best funny movies and act out the best parts together after the movies are over. You could hold a contest to see who can make the other members of the family laugh more by doing something funny. Kids will be able to enjoy the good time they had with their parents. The family that laughs together stays together! （1）If you often play and laugh with your children, you can ________. A. develop a good humor B. become proud and confident C. make up some funny jokes D. get along well with each other （2）The underlined word “them” refers to ________. A. funny jokes B. interesting books C. your children D. the family （3）We can infer that when your children make mistakes you should ________. A. teach them to laugh at the mistakes B. blame them seriously C. punish them at once D. tell them to do better in future （4）The author advises in Para.4 that people make their family members laugh by ________. A. having a party B. having some kinds of contests C. doing some housework D. reading joke books （5）What can be the best title for the text? A. The More You laugh, the B etter You’ll Be B. Laughing Every Day Is Simple C. How to Laugh in Everyday Life D. Laughter Is Good for Your Family

2017年数学中考专题《阅读理解题》

2017年数学中考专题《阅读理解题》题型概述【题型特征】阅读理解题一般篇幅比较长，由“阅读”和“问题”两部分构成，其阅读部分往往为学生提供一个自学材料，其内容多以定义一个新概念(法则)，或展示一个解题过程，或给出一种新颖的解题方法，或介绍某种图案的设计流程等.学生必须通过自学，理解其内容、过程、方法和思想，把握其本质，才可能会解答试题中的问题. 阅读理解题呈现的方式多种多样，有纯文型(全部用文字展示条件和问题)、图文型(用文字和图形结合展示条件和问题)、表文型(用文字和表格结合展示条件和问题)、改错型(条件、问题、解题过程都已展示，但解题过程一般要改正).考查内容可以是学过知识的深入探索，也可以是新知识的理解运用. 阅读理解题按解题方法不同常见的类型有:(1)定义概念与定义法则型;(2)解题示范(改错)与新知模仿型;(3)迁移探究与拓展应用型等. 【解题策略】解答阅读理解型问题的基本模式:阅读—理解—应用.重点是阅读，难点是理解，关键是应用.阅读时要理解材料的脉络，要对提供的文字、符号、图形等进行分析，在理解的基础上迅速整理信息，及时归纳要点，挖掘其中隐含的数学思想方法，运用类比、转化、迁移等方法，构建相应的数学模式或把要解决的问题转化为常规问题. 可根据其类型，采用不同的思路一般地: (1)定义概念、法则型阅读理解题以纯文字、符号或图形的形式定义一种全新的概念、公式或法则等.解答时要在阅读理解的基础上解答问题.解答这类问题时，要善于挖掘定义的内涵和本质，要能够用旧知识对新定义进行合理解释，进而将陌生的定义转化为熟悉的旧知识去理解和解答. (2)解题示范、新知模仿型阅读理解题以范例的形式给出，并在求解的过程中暗示解决问题的思路技巧，再以思路技巧为载体设置类似的问题.解决这类问题的常用方法是类比、模仿和转化;正误辨析型阅读理解题抓住学生学习中的薄弱环节和思维漏洞，“刻意”地制造迷惑，使得解答过程似是而非.解答时主要是通过对数学公式、法则、方法和数学思想的准确掌握，运用其进行是非辨别. (3)迁移探究与拓展应用型，即阅读新问题，并运用新知识探究问题或解决问题，解答这类题的关键是认真阅读其内容，理解其实质，把握其方法、规律，然后加以解决. 真题精讲类型一定义概念与定义法则型典例1 (2016·湖北咸宁)阅读理解: 我们知道，四边形具有不稳定性，容易变形.如图(1)，一个矩形发生变形后成为一个平行四边形.设这个平行四边形相邻两个内角中较小的一个内角为α，我们把 1 sin α 的值叫做这个平行四边形的变形度. (1)若矩形发生变形后的平行四边形有一个内角是120°,则这个平行四边形的变形度是 ; 猜想证明: (2)若矩形的面积为1S ，其变形后的平行四边形面积为1S ，试猜想121 ,,sin S S α 之间的数量关系，并说明理由; 拓展探究: