2015年河北省中考总复习英语(人教版)精讲精练：中考题型三 阅读理解(含14年中考题、15年预测题)

中考题型三阅读理解纵观近五年河北中考，阅读理解题的内容丰富、新颖、贴近生活，包括科普知识、生活常识、风土人情、名人轶事以及天文、地理等自然科学和文学、艺术等社会科学。

其形式主要以四选一形式体现。

尤其是大部分的B篇阅读理解多为图表型的分类阅读，同学们在复习过程中可注重对这类阅读理解解题技巧的训练。

预计2015年河北中考的阅读材料的内容将更加丰富，涉及生活的各个方面，考查的难度适中。

2011—2014年河北中考试题分析表1．阅读全文，捕捉信息。

阅读理解的主旨是要求考生仔细阅读全文，掌握其大意，了解作者的观点和写作意图以及故事的起因、时间、地点和结局。

2．注意首句，抓住中心。

俗话说“眼睛是心灵的窗户”，那么一篇文章的眼睛应是题目，而中考阅读是不给文章题目的，这给考生快速了解全文的中心增加了难度。

在这种情况下，考生应特别注意首段或每一自然段的首句以及结尾句。

这样一来就抓住了中心，为正确答题打下了良好的基础。

3．优选排除，确定答案。

阅读理解题备选答案有三个是干扰项。

我们可先排除语法、词法上有明显错误的选项，再排除与短文内容不符的选项，剩下的就是应选答案了。

在这个过程中要仔细鉴别，对比各选项的区别。

4．复读全文，检查答案。

考生应把短文中考查的信息归纳一遍，再次阅读，检查答案，看看是否前后一致，是否符合逻辑推理。

有错及时纠正。

【河北中考A篇】河北中考三篇阅读理解中，A篇一般为记叙文。

记叙文选材广泛，题目设计灵活。

着重考查学生对文章细节的理解能力和重点信息采集能力。

其设题形式常包含以下四类：1．猜测词义题：考查学生根据生词与上下文之间的逻辑关系，推断出词义。

2．判断推理题：主要考查学生通过理解文章，运用短文的逻辑关系、事件的发展进程、作者的语气等，通过分析对比，总结归纳、推测判断等思维活动判断作者的身份、态度，预测事件的结局，挖掘和理解文章的深层含义，推导文章的隐含寓意。

3．总结主旨题：考查学生对整篇短文或某段的主题、标题的归纳与把握。

4．数据推算题：考查学生根据已知数据，经过推算得出新数据的能力，这类数据可能包括年龄、时代、距离、高度、深度等。

【经典再现】A1(2014，邯郸市二模)Sudha Chandran，a famous dancer from India，had to have her right leg cut after a car accident.She was also cut off on her career(事业) road.Though the accident brought her bright career to a stop，she didn't give up.In the painful months that followed，Sudha met a doctor who developed a man­made leg for her.So strongly，she wanted to go back to dance.Sudha believed in herself and she thought she could realize her dream.After every public recital(个人表演)，she would ask her dad about her performance.“You still have a long way to go”was the answer she used to get in return.In January 1984，Sudha made a historic comeback by giving a public recital in Bombay.She performed in such a great manner that it moved everyone to tears.That evening when she asked her dad the usual question，he didn't say anything.He just touched her feet as a praise.Sudha's comeback was so moving that afilm producer decided to make the story into a hit film.When someone asked Sudha how she had managed to dance again，she said quite simply，“YOU DON'T NEED FEET TO DANCE.”Nothing is impossible in this world.If you have the will to win，you can achieve anything.1．Sudha Chandran is an __B__ dancer.A．English B．IndianC．Australian D．American2．Sudha thought she could depend on __C__ to make her dream come true.A．the doctor B．her fatherC．herself D．a film producer3．What did Sudha do in January，1984？__D__A．She had a car accident.B．She met a doctor. C．She left Bombay.D．She made a historic comeback.4．How did Sudha's father praise her？__A__A．By touching her feet.B．By watching her performance.C．By teaching her to dance.D．By making the story into a hit film.5．What's Sudha's idea about success？__D__A．Being a disabled dancer.B．Believing in families and friends.C．Practicing more.D．Having a strong will to win.A2(2014，石家庄长安区毕业考试)We know good manners are important.Today I am going to tell you something about manners in different countries.I think you already know that people in different countries usually have different ways of doing things.Something that is rude in one country may be quite polite inanother.For example，in Britain you mustn't lift your bowl to your mouth when you are havingliquid food.That is considered bad manners in Britain.But in Japan you needn't worry about making a noise when you drink something.It shows that you are enjoying it.In Britain we try notto put our hands on the table at all during a meal.In Mexico，however，guests are expected to keeptheir hands on the table throughout a meal.In Arabic countries we must be careful with ourhands.You see，in Arabic countries you mustn't eat with your left hand.This is considered to be very impolite.So，what should you do if you visit a foreign country？Well，you needn't worry.Youcan ask the native people there to help you and you can just watch carefully and try to do what they do.1．In Arabic countries you must be careful with your __D__．A．feet B．mouth C．eyes D．hands2．In Britain we try not to put our hands __C__ during a meal.A．on the desk B．in the bedC．on the table D．in the pocket3．Which of the following is true？__B__A．In different countries，the manners are the same.B．Different manners in different countries.C．Good manners are not important.D．In Arabic countries we mustn't be careful with our hands.4．What's the meaning of the underlined word “throughout”？__B__A．穿过B．贯穿C．通过D．横过5．The mainly idea of this passage is __A__．A．manners B．habits C．traffic D．lightsA3(2014，滦南县一模)My teenage son Karl became withdrawn(孤僻的) after his father died.As a single parent，I tried to do my best to talk to him.But the more I tried，the more he pulled away(疏远)．When his report card arrived during his junior year，it said that he had been absent 95 times from classes andhad six falling grades for the year.I considered he would never graduate.I sent him to the school adviser，and I even begged him.Nothing worked.One night I felt so powerless that I got down on my knees and pleaded for help.“Please God，I can't do anything more for my son.I'm at the end of my rope.I'm giving the whole thing up to you.”I was at work when I got a phone call.A man introduced himself as the headmaster.“I want to talk to you about Karl's absences.”Before he could say another word，I choked up and all mydisappointment and sadness over Karl came pouring out into the ears of this stranger.“I love my son but I just don't know what to do.I've tried everything to get Karl to go back to school and nothing has worked.It's out of my hands.”For a moment there was silence on the other end of theline.The headmaster seriously said，“Thank you for your time”，and hung up.Karl's next report card showed a marked improvement in his grades.Finally，he even_made_the_honor_roll(上光荣榜)．In his fourth year，I attended a parent­teacher meeting with Karl.I noticed that his teachers were astonished at the way(自始至终) he had turned himself around.On our way home，he said，“Mum，remember that call from the headmaster last year？”I nodded.“That was me.I thought I'd play a joke but when I heard what you said，it really hit me how much I was hurting you.That's when I knew I had to make you proud.”1．By saying “Karl became withdrawn”，the author means that the boy changed completely and __C__．A．preferred to stay alone at homeB．lost interest in any activityC．refused to talk to othersD．began to dislike his mother2．There was silence on the other end of the line because __A__．A．the speaker was too moved to say anything to the motherB．the speaker waited for the mother to finish speakingC．the speaker didn't want the mother to recognize his voiceD．the speaker was unable to interrupt the mother3．The underlined sentence “...he even made the honor roll”means that “__D__”．A．he was even on the list to be praised at the parent­teacher meetingB．he was even on the list of students who made progress in gradesC．he was even on the list of students who turned themselves aroundD．he was even on the list of the best students at school4．What is the main idea of this passage？__B__A．Children in single­parent families often have mental problems.B．Mother's love plays an important role in teenagers' life.C．Being understood by parents is very important to teenagers.D．School education doesn't work without full support from parents.5．The best title of the passage is __D__．A．A withdrawn studentB．How to get on with a teenagerC．A student who turned himself aroundD．A joking phone callA4(2014，武汉)I never saw my father home from work late or ill, nor did I ever see my father take a “night out with the boys”. He had no hobbies but just took care of his family.For 22 years, since I left home for college, my father called me every Sunday at 9：00 am. He was always interested in my life—how my family was doing. The calls even came when he and my mother were in Australia, England or Florida.Nine years ago when I bought me first house, my father, 67 years old, spent eight hours a day for three days, painting my house. He would not allow me to pay someone to have it done. All he asked, was a glass of iced tea, and that I hold a paintbrush for him and talk to him. But I was too busy, for I had a law practice to run, and I could not take the time to hold the paintbrush, or talk to my father.Five years ago, my 71­year­old father spent five hours putting together a swing set(秋千)for my daughter. Again, all he asked was that I get him a glass of iced tea, and talk to him. But again, I had laundry to do, and the house to clean.The morning on Sunday, January 16, 1996, my father telephoned me as usual, this time he had seemed to have forgotten some things we had discussed the week before. I had to get to church, and I cut the conversation short.The call came at 4：40 am. That day my father was sent to hospital in Florida. I got on a plane immediately, and I vowed(发誓)that when I arrived, I would make up for the lost time, and have a nice long talk with him and really get_to_know_him．I arrived in Florida at 1：00 am, but my father had passed away at 9：12 pm. This time it was he who did not have time to talk, or time to wait for me.In the years since his death I have learnt much about my father, and even more about myself.As a father，he never asked me for anything but my time.Now he has all my attention, every single day.1．We know from the reading that the father __D__．A．liked to paint housesB．had no friends around himC．was not healthy in his youthD．thought of his family as his all2．When her father painted her first house, the daughter __B__．A．could only afford a glass of iced teaB．was too busy to talk to her fatherC．could do nothing but hold a paintbrushD．spent eight hours a day working with her father3．On January 16, 1996, the daughter felt that her father __A__．A．seemed to be a little differentB．had no time to phone her as usualC．became interested in churchD．had forgotten to discuss some things with her4．In the reading the underlined phrase ‘get to know him’ most probably means __B__．A．get him to know herB．know more about himC．get him to know himselfD．make him well­known5．Which is the best title of the reading？__C__A．Painting Houses B．Daughter's FamilyC．Father and I D．Father's phone callsA5(2014，保定市定兴县一模)“How are you？”is a nice question.It's friendly way that people in the USA greet each other.But “How are you？”is also a very unusual question.It's a question that often doesn'tneed an answer.The person who asks “How are you？”hopes to hear the answer“Fine”，even ifthe person's friend isn't fine.The reason is that “How are you？” isn't really a question and “Fine”isn't really an answer.They are simply other ways of saying “Hello” or “Hi”．Sometimes，people also don't say exactly what they mean.For example，when someone asks “Do you agree？”the other person might think，“No，I disagree.I think you're wrong...”But it isn't very polite to disagree so strongly，so the other person might say“I'm not sure.”It's a nicerway to say that you don't agree with someone.People also don't say exactly what they are thinking when they finish talking with other people.For example，many talks over the phone finish when one person say “I have to go now.”Often，the person who wants to hang up gives an excuse，“Someone's at the door.”“Something is burning on the stove.”The excuses might be real，or not.Perhaps the person who wants to hang up simply doesn't want to talk any more，but it isn't polite to say that.The excuse is more polite，and it doesn't hurt the other person.Whether they are greeting each other，talking about an idea，or finishing a talk，people don't say exactly that they are thinking.It's an important way that people try to be nice to each other，and it's part of the game of language.1．When a person in America asks“How are you？”，he or she wants to hear “__D__”．A．How are you B．HelloC．I don't know D．Fine2．When a person disagree with someone，it is polite to say “__B__”．A．You are wrong.I disagree B．I'm not sureC．I'm sure I disagree D．No，I disagree3．A polite way to finish talk is to say “__C__”．A．You have to go now B．I want to hang upC．I have to go nowD．I don't want to talk any more4．When a person says“I have to go now.Someone's at the door.”，the person may be __A__．A．giving an excuseB．hurting someone's feelingC．talking to a person at the doorD．asking you a question5．The rule of the game of language is probably __D__．A．“Always say what you mean”B．“Don't disagree with people”C．“Never say exactly what you're thinking”D．“Be polite”A6(2014，德州)Min Sun，with another name of Ziqian，was a famous man in the state of Lu during the Spring and Autumn Period.He was a student of Confucius.Among all students of Confucius，he was compared with Yan Yuan.Min Sun's mother died very ter his father took another wife，who gave birth two sons.The stepmother mistreated Min Sun in winter，while two youngerbrothers wore warm clothes made of cotton.Min Sun only wore clothes made of reed catkins(芦花)．One day，he followed his father to go out.When pulling the chariot(马车)，Min Sun felt socold that he dropped the rope onto the ground.Then his father beat him.Just then the reed catkins flew out from the broken clothes and his father knew that Min Sun was mistreated.He was very angry.After the father returned home，he wanted to divorce(休掉) his wife.Min Sun fell on his knees and begged his father to forgive his stepmother.He said，“If Mother stays at home，only I myself have to stand cold.But if you divorce Mother，all three children have to suffer from cold.”His father was deeply moved and took Min Sun's advice.The stepmother heard of this，felt sorry and knew her mistakes.From then on，she treated Min Sun as her own son.1．How many children were there in Min Sun's family？__C__A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.2．The underlined word“mistreated”in the passage means“__C__”．A．对待B．款待C．虐待D．善待3．Why was Min Sun's father still angry after beating him？__D__A．Because Min Sun went out with him.B．Because Min Sun felt very cold.C．Because Min Sun dropped the rope.D．Because Min Sun was mistreated.4．Which of the following is right？__B__A．Min Sun was not as excellent as Yan Yuan.B．Min Sun's father forgave his wife.C．Min Sun's father divorced his wife.D．Min Sun's stepmother was always kind.5．According to the story.Min Sun is a __A__person.A．filial(孝顺的) B．lovelyC．smart D．braveA7(2014，邢台市一模)Lani was eight years old and shorter than her elder brother Ringo.Ringo always laughed at her because she was little.He called her names like “shorty” and “inch”．One day in August，Lani and Ringo walked home from the playground.It was very hot.When they got to their house，they saw Mom sitting on the front porch.She had a bag of groceries(食品杂货)．“We're locked out，kids！”Mom explained，“I locked my keys in the house when I went tothe store.Now we have to wait until your father comes home.”Ringo peered into the grocery bag “Mom，it's so hot！”he said.“The butter will melt(溶化) soon.”“I'm afraid so，”said Mom.“Our neighbors aren't home either.So we can't put our groceriesin their refrigerator.”“We could climb through a window！”Ringo said.“No，I've already tried that.Only the kitchen window is unlocked，but it only opens a littlebit.”Lani and Ringo checked the kitchen window to see how far it opened.Lani smiled and said，“I can get through there！”Ringo lifted Lani up to the window.She just got in through the opening.Then she opened the front dool，and Mom and Ringo hugged her.“Lani，”Ringo said，“I'll never laugh at you about being small again！”1．Why was Mom sitting on the front porch？__C__A．She was waiting for Ringo and Lani.B．It was cool there.C．She was locked out.D．She was talking to her neighbors.2．The underlined word “peered” in the fourth paragraph means __D__．A．opened B．bought C．fell D．looked3．What happened at the end of the story？__C__A．Lani climbed through the window.B．Mom sat on the porch.C．Ringo said he would not laugh at Lani anymore.D．Ringo and Lani walked home.4．When she got inside，what did Mom probably do first？__B__A．Turned on the TV.B．Put the groceries away.C．Hugged Lani and Ringo.D．Called the father.5．What lesson did Ringo learn？__A__A．Being small can be a good thing.B．You can never depend on anyone but yourself.C．Windows never seem to work right.D．Never buy butter on a hot day.A8(2014，石家庄十八县市大联考)Many years ago，there lived a very rich man who wanted to do something good for the peopleof his town.But first he wanted to find out if they deserved(值得) his help.So he put a very large stone in the middle of the main road.Then he stood behind a tree，waiting and watching.Soon an old man came along with his cow.“Who put this stone in the center of the road？”said the old man，but he did not try to move the stone away.Instead，with some difficulty he passed around the stone and continued on his way.Another man came along and did the same thing；then another came，and another.All of them complained about the stone in the center of the road，but nobody tried to move te in the afternoon，a young man came along.He saw the stone and said，“It will be very dark at night.Somepeople will come along later in the dark and will fall over the stone and g et hurt.”The young man then began to move the stone.He pushed and pulled and tried everything he could to move it out of the road.But to his surprise，under the stone he found a bag full of moneyand this message：“This money is for the person who moves this stone from the road.That person deserves help.”1．Who put the stone in the center of the road？__B__A．An old man. B．A rich man.C．A young man. D．Another man.2．Why did the young man move the stone out of the road？__C__A．Because he was strong enough to move it.B．Because he knew there was a bag of money under it.C．Because he didn't want other people to fall and get hurt.D．Because the rich man wanted him to do so.3．When the young man moved the stone，he found __D__.A．a bag B．a messageC．a bag full of messagesD．a bag full of money and a message4．All of the people coming along the road said the same thing，but did nothing about the stone except __B__．A．people of the town B．the young manC．the rich man D．the old man with his cow5．What can we learn from the passage？__A__A．If we do well，we will have well.B．If we move stones，we will have a lot of money.C．The young man was lucky.D．Other people were unlucky.【河北中考B篇】河北中考阅读理解中的B篇一般为应用文，主要考查学生综合运用所学语言知识的能力，包括阅读能力、理解能力、归纳概括能力、逻辑推理能力以及对材料的评估能力等。