《道路勘测设计 》教学大纲新
《道路勘测设计》教学大纲
1 课程的基本描述
课程
名称：
道路勘测设计Survey and Geometric Design of Road 课程
编号：
1502E63W
课程性质：专业方向课适用
专业：
土木工程
教材
选用：
杨少伟等编著《道路勘测设计》北京：人民交通出版社，2009
总学时：52学时理论
学时：
52学时
实验学时：0学时课程
设计：
有
学分：3学分开课
学期：
第七学期
前导
课程：
工程制图工程测量桥涵水文土木工程概论
后续
课程：
2 教学定位
能力培养目标
以应用型人才培养目标为导向设计课程教学，紧跟科技发展步伐、突出工程应用能力培养，并通过计算机网络与CAD技术实施人才培养。以实践能力培养为主线，构建以课内计算能力训练、课外独立设置的课程设计的从单项到综合的工程训练环节，使学生的理论学习与实践应用有机地配合，有效培养学生的工程应用能力和创新精神。通过对本课程的学习，使学生了解汽车行驶理论，较全面地掌握道路路线设计的基本理论、标准，以及实用方法和技
能，掌握不同地形条件下路线布设要点，结合课程设计、毕业设计，掌握各种等级道路平面、纵断面、横断面的基本设计方法和步骤，使学生能独立完成道路勘测设计工作，具备从事道路路线勘察设计的能力，为今后从事该方向的工作打下基础。
课程的主要特点
《道路勘测设计》课程集勘测技术、测量技术、设计和计算技术的综合应用于一体，实践性强，注重培养学生独立分析和解决实际问题的能力，通过课程设计、毕业设计，使学生系统的了解掌握道路勘测与设计的内容和方法。
教学定位
《道路勘测设计》是道路、桥梁与渡河工程（公路工程）、交通工程及公路工程管理专业的主干专业课，是一门理论和实践紧密结合的课程。通过本课程的学习，要求学生了解公路基本建设程序，掌握路线平、纵、横设计的基本理论、实用方法和技能，掌握国家现行的有关道路设计的标准，结合课程设计、毕业设计，独立完成各种等级道路的线形设计。
3 知识点与学时分配
绪论
公路与城市道路的分类与技术分级，公路勘测设计程序（学时：4学时）掌握道路运输的特点与作用、道路的分类、公路与城市道路的分类与技术分级，掌握公路的基本组成，初步建立线形的概念；认识公路工程技术标准的地位与作用；重点掌握公路等级划分的方法与公路勘测设计程序及其设计车速、交通量的概念；了解道路勘测新技术。共4学时
汽车行驶理论
汽车行驶性能及行驶轨迹（学时：4学时）
掌握汽车的牵引力如何产生与牵引力的平衡；通过汽车在道路上行驶的稳定性分析，认识提高稳定性的途径；基本掌握汽车的制动性能与掌握制动性能的评价指标；分析和推导汽
车在道路上的行驶轨迹。重点掌握汽车行驶阻力、动力因素，汽车行驶稳定性。学习每一节后，对道路设计与理解标准的制定依据的重要意义。
共4学时
平面设计
平曲线要素及平面设计方法（学时：16学时）
掌握路线平面设计的基本线形；重点掌握直线、圆曲线、缓和曲线设计的原理及标准；重点掌握弯道的超高与加宽方法及其计算；掌握行车视距的标准及其对视距的标准的运用；掌握平面线形的组合与衔接；基本掌握道路平面交叉设计；了解路线平面图的绘制的内容与方法。
共16学时
纵断面设计
竖曲线要素及纵断面设计方法（学时：10学时）
掌握路线纵断面的概念；重点掌握纵坡设计、竖曲线设计的标准与设计方法以及城市道路锯齿形街沟设计；掌握高等级道路上的爬坡车道的设置条件与设计方法；基本掌握平、纵线形组合设计的方法以及平、纵组合设计应注意的问题；掌握纵断纵断面图的内容。
共10学时
横断面设计
横断面设计内容及方法（学时：8学时）
了解道路用地宽度与界限；掌握横断面组成；掌握路基、行车道宽度确定的原理；如何设计路拱、边沟、边坡；重点掌握横断面设计方法与面积计算以及土石方计算与调配、城市道路横断面的基本形式及其运用；掌握路基设计表的填绘；基本掌握城市道路排水设计要点；基本掌握城市道路公用设施设计。
共8学时
选线与道路定线
道路选线与定线的原则及方法（学时：8学时）
了解选线的要求和步骤、路线总体布局和方案比较、自然条件对公路路线的影响；重点
掌握平原区、山岭区、丘陵区选线的要点；掌握城市道路路网的规划；了解航测选线的方法。
重点掌握实地定线与纸上定线的方法与步骤及其注意的问题；重点掌握如何确定道路曲线半径值与缓和曲线长度的方法；基本掌握纸上移线产生的原因及其移线的方法，了解道路定线新方法。
共8学时
机动学时
共2学时
4 讲授提示及方法
绪论
重点：掌握公路等级划分的方法与公路勘测设计程序及其设计车速、交通量的概念。
难点：公路与城市道路的分类与技术分级，及公路线形的概念。
讲授提示与方法：强调设计车速、交通量的概念。通过列表法讲清公路与城市道路的分类与技术分级。
汽车行驶理论
重点：分析和推导汽车在道路上的行驶轨迹。重点掌握汽车行驶阻力、动力因素，汽车行驶稳定性。
难点：分析和推导汽车在道路上的行驶轨迹。
讲授提示与方法：图示法推导汽车在道路上的行驶轨迹，深入分析汽车行驶阻力、动力
因素对道路设计、标准的制定及汽车行驶稳定性的影响。
平面设计
重点：掌握直线、圆曲线、缓和曲线设计的原理及标准；掌握平面线形的组合与衔接。
难点：弯道的超高与加宽方法及其计算。
讲授提示与方法：运用适量真实图片说明平纵组合设计的优劣，从而深入分析平面线形的组合与衔接方法。图示法讲解超高与加宽的计算。
纵断面设计
重点：掌握纵坡设计、竖曲线设计的标准与设计方法。
难点：平、纵线形组合设计的方法，纵断面图绘制方法。
讲授提示与方法：从实例入手讲解纵坡设计、竖曲线设计方法，高等级道路上的爬坡车
道的设置条件与设计方法。
横断面设计
重点：掌握横断面设计方法与面积计算以及土石方计算与调配，掌握路基设计表的填绘。
难点：横断面面积计算以及土石方计算与调配。
讲授提示与方法：以实际算例详细讲解路基设计表的填绘及土石方计算与调配。
选线与道路定线
重点：掌握平原区、山岭区、丘陵区选线的要点；掌握实地定线与纸上定线的方法、步骤及其注意问题；掌握如何确定道路曲线半径值与缓和曲线长度。
难点：山岭区、丘陵区选线的要点。路线总体布局和方案比较。
讲授提示与方法：以实景图片讲解各种地形类别选线的特点及方法。通过课后作业的方
式培养学生初步的纸上定线能力。
5 习题设计
习题设计
本门课为一门实践性较强的课程，因此作业以测试基本概念,作图,计算综合练习题目为主。教师可根据学生掌握的情况在理论教学中适当补充习题课内容。在习题设计的时候本着
循序渐进的原则，根据大纲要求，在相应的章节安排习题作业，培养学生综合运用各种方法解决工程实际问题的能力。大型习题作业10道，习题涵盖的主要内容有：
1、运用汽车行驶理论，计算车速及纵坡。
2、平面设计中平曲线要素的计算及半径、缓和曲线长度的确定。
3、竖曲线要素计算及纵断设计标高计算。
4、横断面各种高程计算土石方纵向调配计算。
6 考核与成绩记载
考核的方式及成绩的评定
考核方式：集中考试
考试成绩的构成：总成绩为100%，平时成绩20%，期末成绩80%
1、平时成绩的构成：平时作业10%，上课出勤10%。
（1）平时作业完成的，获得基础分6分，然后按照较好、良好、优秀分别加2、3、4分。每缺一次作业，扣除1分，5次作业未交者，将没有作业成绩；
（2）旷课达到三分之一者，不允许参加期末考试。
2、期末考试采取闭卷考试
考题的设计
考试题分为三类：
1、概念型题。
重点考察学生对复习或加深基本概念的理解程度，对相似概念的辨析程度。
这类题目对培养学生的逻辑思维能力和准确严密的语言表达能力有重要的意义。
考试的形式为：选择题、填空题、判断题。
共占30%。
2、计算型题。
这类题目占作业的大部分，重点考察学生根据所学习的基础理论，进行准确全面的应用的能力。
考试的形式为：计算题、作图题
共占40%。
3、综合分析型题。
重点考察学生综合运用路线平、纵、横设计参数及标准解决实际问题的能力。考试的形式为：综合计算题（共占30%）。
(完整版)新视野大学英语(第三版)视听说3--答案
The shortest way t 新视野大学英语(第三版)视听说3 答案 Unit 1 Sharing Task 2 (1) daredevil (2) bungee jumping (3) cup of tea (4) feel good (5) achievement Task 3 c-d-e-b-a Task 4 1, 2, 4
The shortest way t Task 5 BCBCB Task 6 1.(1)started off(2) a huge business empire 2.(1)teacher(2)taught me so much about life 3.(1)imprisoned(2)survived (3)impressed(4)ability or the skills Listening Task 2 Activity 1 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 11
The shortest way t Viewing Task 2 Activity 1 3 Activity 2 e-g-c-b-f-a-d Activity 3 1. 90 minutes 2. true landmark 3.(1)10 times(2)focus 4. make this challenge 5. seven miles 6.(1)four months(2) outstanding achievement
The shortest way t Role-play Task 1 Activity 1 B Activity 3 1. Like I said 2. having said that 3. That's what I was saying Presenting Task 1 Activity 2 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11
新视野英语教程第三版unit4
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新视野大学英语(第三版)视听说答案
第一单元 Sharing: Task 1 (1) their social life (2) whether they go out a lot and what they did when they went out last night Sharing: Task 2 (1) busy (2) friends (3) university (4) social life Sharing: Task 3 Correct order: a, c, e, d, b, f Sharing: Task 4 Q 1 Key(s): danced Q 2 Key(s): (1) view of (2) fun Q 3 Key(s): drink Q 4 Key(s): (1) west (2) delicious meal Q 5 Key(s): (1) house (2) television/TV Listening: Task 2 Activity 1 Q 1 Key(s): 1962 Q 2 Key(s): fourth/4th Q 3 Key(s): 1990 Q 4 Key(s): 1996 Listening: Task 2 Activity 2 (1) teacher (2) cleaned houses (3) lost (4) visited (5) work
(6) his wife (7) in his own words Viewing: Task 2 Activity 1 Correct order: a, c, h, f, d, e, g, b Viewing: Task 2 Activity 2 (1) home (2) country (3) relatives (4) foreigner (5) speak (6) passed on (7) heat (8) sea (9) happiness Role-playing: Task 2 Activity 1 (1) It was great (2) He's a football player/He is a football player (3) It was really beautiful Role-playing: Task 2 Activity 2 Keys: 1, 3, 5, 7, 10 Presenting: Task 1 Activity 1 Q 1 a small town Q 2 1993 Q 3 2008 Q 4 2003 Q 5 7/seven Presenting: Task 1 Activity 2 Keys: 1, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10
新视野大学英语第三版翻译
BOOK TWO Unit 5 丝绸之路（Silk Road）是我国古代一条连接中国和欧亚大陆（Eurasia）的交通线路，由于这条商路以丝绸贸易为主，故称"丝绸之路"。作为国际贸易的通道和文化交流的桥梁，丝绸之路有效地促进了东西方经济文化交流和发展，对世界文明进程有着深远影响。当前，在新的历史条件下，我国提出了"一带一路"（One Belt, One Road）（即"丝绸之路经济带"和"21世纪海上丝绸之路"）的战略构想。"一带一路"以合作共赢为核心，强调相关各国的互利共赢和共同发展。这一战略一经提出即受到沿线各国的积极响应。 The Silk Road is a traffic route in the ancient times connecting China and Eurasia. This trade route focuses on the trade of silk, hence the name "the Silk Road". As an international trade channel and a bridge of cultural exchanges, the Silk Road effectively improved the economic and cultural exchanges and development between the East and the West, exerting a profound impact on the progress of the world civilization. Nowadays, under the new historical circumstances, our country proposes the strategy of "One Belt, One Road" (namely the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-century Maritime Silk Road). The strategy of "One Belt, One Road" focuses on cooperation and mutual benefits, emphasizing mutual benefits, win-win, as well as common development of the related countries. Once proposed, the strategy has received positive responses from the related countries along the road. Unit 6 国民幸福指数（National Happiness Index，NHI）是衡量人们幸福感的一种指数，也是衡量一个国家或地区经济发展、居民生活与幸福水平的指标工具。随着中国经济的高速增长，中国政府越来越重视人民群众生活质量和幸福指数的提升。政府注重改善民生，努力改善人民群众的经济状况，满足人民群众日益增长的物质文化需求。当前，中国政府提倡释放改革红利，让人民群众得到更多实惠。所有这些都将有效促进我国国民幸福指数不断提升。 National Happiness Index (NHI) is an index that measures how happy people are. It is also a tool that measures the levels of economic development and people's livelihood and happiness in a country or region. With the fast growth of Chinese economy, the Chinese government has been paying more and more attention to people's living quality and the increase of happiness index. The government stresses improvement of its people's livelihood, striving to improve their economic conditions and meet their growing material and cultural needs. Currently, the Chinese government advocates the unleashing of more reform dividends, with the aim of offering more real benefits to its people. All these measures will combine to effectively increase the NHI of our people.
新标准韩国语初级上词汇句型总结练习
包 机场 花 眼睛 图书馆 啤酒 水 百货商店 面包 山 手绢 市政府 眼镜 铅笔 雨伞 名字 场所 书 太极旗 学校 韩文 领带 香蕉 沙发 电梯 咖啡 出租汽车 叉子 请把书打开。请听好。 请跟我读。请说说看。请读一下。请写一下。很好。 懂了吗？ 懂了。 不懂。 有问题吗？有问题。家庭成员、家庭 教室 男人 月亮 钱 脖子 风 医院 人 首尔 毛巾 餐厅 药店 电影 邮局 嘴 电话 桌子 下巴 汉江 奶奶 笔记本 公共汽车 购物 果汁 电脑 电视 胶卷 猫 剧场 丈夫 大使馆 女儿 身体 脚 火 字典 郊游 西瓜 报纸 袜子 外国人 运动鞋 树叶 筷子 黑板 信 韩国 爷爷 菜谱 圆珠笔 冰激凌 卡片 杯子 卡车 宾馆 笔记本 泡菜 冰箱 大学 方便面 门 房间 飞机 照片 手 市场 鞋 脸 左边 银行 汽车 窗户 跆拳道 天空 韩国语 卫生间 记录 三明治 空调 照相机 可口可乐 派对
第一课你好！ 我、我的国家 美国 教室 男人 先生 女士我（谦） 日本 纽约 名字 女人 现在 哪里 巴基斯坦 梨泰院 脸 学生证 是、是的 你好！ 再见。（您留步。）谢谢。 你叫什么名字？见到您很高兴。你好！/再见！ 对不起。 你从哪来？ 再见。（你走好。） 谢谢！ 对不起。 你住在哪儿？ 第二课这里是学生餐厅 这里、这儿教室 操场 哪里、那儿图书馆 邮局 学校学生食堂 谁 学生 银行 药店 人 韩国 百货商店 老师；先生 食堂、餐厅 面包房 不是（固定搭配） 我是比利。 这是教室。 你是成浩吗？那是图书馆吗？ 那是学生食堂。 你叫什么名字？ 谁是直子？ 我是直子。 第三课这是什么？ 我 花 大学生中国某个、哪个 照片 妈妈 好、好好地 什么 朋友 韩国语 这个用韩国语怎么说？
新视野大学英语3第三版课文翻译
新视野大学英语3第三版课文翻译 Unit 1 The Way to Success 课文A Never, ever give up! 永不言弃！ As a young boy, Britain's great Prime Minister, Sir Winston Churchill, attended a public school called Harrow. He was not a good student, and had he not been from a famous family, he probably would have been removed from the school for deviating from the rules. Thankfully, he did finish at Harrow and his errors there did not preclude him from going on to the university. He eventually had a premier army career whereby he was later elected prime minister. He achieved fame for his wit, wisdom, civic duty, and abundant courage in his refusal to surrender during the miserable dark days of World War II. His amazing determination helped motivate his entire nation and was an inspiration worldwide. Toward the end of his period as prime minister, he was invited to address the patriotic young boys at his old school, Harrow. The headmaster said, "Young gentlemen, the greatest speaker of our time, will be here in a few days to address you, and you should obey whatever sound advice he may give you." The great day arrived. Sir Winston stood up, all five feet, five inches and 107 kilos of him, and gave this short, clear-cut speech: "Young men, never give up. Never give up! Never give up! Never, never, never, never!" 英国的伟大首相温斯顿·丘吉尔爵士，小时候在哈罗公学上学。当时他可不是个好学生，要不是出身名门，他可能早就因为违反纪律被开除了。谢天谢地，他总算从哈罗毕业了，在那里犯下的错误并没影响到他上大学。后来，他凭着军旅生涯中的杰出表现当选为英国首相。他的才思、智慧、公民责任感以及在二战痛苦而黑暗的时期拒绝投降的无畏勇气，为他赢得了美名。他非凡的决心，不仅激励了整个民族，还鼓舞了全世界。 在他首相任期即将结束时，他应邀前往母校哈罗公学，为满怀报国之志的同学们作演讲。校长说：“年轻的先生们，当代最伟大的演说家过几天就会来为你们演讲，他提出的任何中肯的建议，你们都要听从。”那个激动人心的日子终于到了。温斯顿爵士站了起来——他只有5 英尺5 英寸高，体重却有107 公斤。他作了言简意赅的讲话：“年轻人，要永不放弃。永不放弃！永不放弃！永不，永不，永不，永不！” Personal history, educational opportunity, individual dilemmas - none of these can inhibit a strong spirit committed to success. No task is too hard. No amount of preparation is too long or too difficult. Take the example of two of the most scholarly scientists of our age, Albert Einstein and Thomas Edison. Both faced immense obstacles and extreme criticism. Both were called "slow to learn" and written off as idiots by their teachers. Thomas Edison ran away from school because his teacher whipped him repeatedly for asking too many questions. Einstein didn't speak fluently until he was almost nine years old and was such a poor student that some thought he was unable to learn. Yet both boys' parents believed in them. They worked intensely each day with their sons, and the boys learned to never bypass the long hours of hard work that they needed to succeed. In the end, both Einstein and Edison overcame their childhood persecution and went on to achieve magnificent discoveries that benefit the entire world today. Consider also the heroic example of Abraham Lincoln, who faced substantial hardships,
新视野大学英语第三版第三册答案
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１ F 2 G ３ H ４J 5 Ｅ６ A 7 N ８ I 9 Ｋ l0 M 7 ｌ 2 3 4 5 ; 6 7 ８ 9 世界公民是指一个人承认自己是新兴的全球社区的一分子,而且其行动对全球社区的价值打造和实践活动有所贡献。世界公民相信人类从本质上来说是一个整体，任何个人都有改变事物的能力。在我们这样一个相互依赖的世界中，世界公民意识鼓励我们认识到对彼此的责任,并从对方身上学习。世界公民关心全球的教育、疾病、贫穷和环境问题。在当今，全球合作的力量在使一些人萌发世界公民的意识,让他们拥有对全球社区的归属感。这种不断发展的世界公民意识在很大程度上来讲,要归功于现代信息、通信和交通技术的力量世界公民意识致力于给予人们力量，让他们付诸行动，世界公民除了要从世界问题中学习知识和价值观,还要拥有必需的技能,使他们拥有能力和自信,积极推动世界的发展。 , "" . , ． . , , 's , .ａ＇s ．,.
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新视野大学英语(第三版)第二册读写教程课后答案
新视野大学英语（第三版）第二册读写教程课后答案 新视野大学英语（第三版）第二册读写教程课后答案Unit 1 Language in mission Text A An impressive English lesson Ex.1 Understanding the text 1、Because he is tired of listening to his father and he is not interested in grammar rules. 2、The civilization of Greece and the glory of Roman architecture are so marvelous and remarkable that they should be described at least in a brief account; however, what the student could do was only one single utterance :“whoa!” without any any specific comment. 3、Because the schools fail to set high standards of language proficiency. They only teach a little grammar and less advanced vocabulary. And the younger teachers themselves have little knowledge of the vital structures of language. 4、Because teaching grammar is not an easy job and most of the students will easily get bored if it’s not properly dealt with. 5、He familiarized his son with different parts of speech in a sentence and discussed their specific grammatical functions including how to use adverbs to describe verbs. 6、Because the son had never heard about the various names and functions of words in an English sentence before. 7、The author uses “road map”and “car”to describe grammar and vocabulary. Here,“road map”is considered as grammar and “car”as vocabulary. 8、Since the subjunctive mood his son used is a fairly advanced grammar structure, the interjection“whoa!”reflects the tremendous pride the father had toward his son; it also reflects the author’s humor in using the word because it was once used by his student, tho ugh in two different situations and with two different feelings. Ex.3 Words in use 1.condense 2.exceed 3.deficit 4.exposure 5.asset 6.adequate https://www.360docs.net/doc/b72776013.html,petent 8.adjusting 9.precisely 10.beneficial Ex.4 Word building -al/-ial: managerial/editorial/substance/survival/tradition/margin -cy : consistency/accuracy/efficient -y : recovery/ministry/assembly Ex.5 Word building 1.editorial 2.recovery 3.accuracy 4.substance 5.managerial 6.margin 7.assembly 8.Ministry 9.survival 10.tradition 11.consistency 12.efficient Ex.6 Banked cloze 1-5: L C J A I 6-10: O N E H F Ex.7 Expressions in use 1.feel obliged to 2.be serious about 3.run into 4.distinguish between 5.thrust upon 6.was allergic to 7.get lost 8.be attracted to 9.make sense 10.looked upon as Ex.8 Structured writing Some bookworms in my dormitory often spend hours reading their “Bible”, Practical English Grammar, and do a lot of exercises in that book , but I don’t care about it at all. My assumption is since I have never learned Chinese grammar, what’s the sense of l earning English grammar? In fact, English grammar has always been a big headache to me. English grammar is very complicated because, unlike Chinese, there are many verb tenses. Even
新标准韩国语初级上语法整理(韩国庆熙大学版教材)
A：韩语语法概念 1、体词：名词、数词、量词、介词的统称 2、谓词：动词、形容词的统称；谓词词干：去掉?+终结词尾，意思不变 3、终结词尾(无任何意义，必须与谓词词干一起使用） 4、助动词 B：终结词尾（谓词词尾）（尊敬阶）： 一: 1、陈述：①书面???(无收音、?收音)/???（有收音） ②口语??.（?、?结尾）/??./??（?结尾）. 2、疑问：①书面????（无、?）/???? ②口语???/???/???&???/???? ??提问只能用??/??/??回答 3、命令：①书面???/????（有）（不脱?） ②口语??/??? 4、共动：一起做sth吧 ①书面???/???（有）（要脱?） ②口语??+??/??/?? 5、询问听者意见:用在谓词词干后 ????（无收音，?脱落合并）/???? 6、感叹词尾：（直接加）?? 7、主体尊敬词词尾：?/??
（本身有主体尊敬词形式的不可加主体尊敬词词尾） 二：时制词尾 1、过去时制词尾： ①动词词干+?/?/?+陈述/疑问终结词尾 有收音不用缩写，无收音需根据读音合并 谓词词干?/?+? 谓词词干除了?/?/?+? 谓词词干?+?，变成? ②口语形式只用?? （有收音连读，无收音拼第一第二音节） 2、将来时制词尾：（陈述疑问可用表达强烈意志力，命令共动不能用，表达未来的命令不加?，直接表达） 动词词干+?+陈述/疑问终结词尾???/?? C:体词词尾： 1、肯定：陈述：书面???.（含义：是）（体词谓词形） 口语??（无收音）/???（有收音） 疑问：书面???? 口语???/???? 2、否定：陈述：书面?/????? 口语?/????? 疑问：书面?/?????? 口语?/??????
(第三版)新视野大学英语读写教程1答案
(第三版)新视野大学英语读写教程1答案
Unite 1 1.选词填空 explore(v.勘探，探测) transmit(v.传送，传递，传播) resource(n.资源) emerge(v.出现，为···所公认) yield(v.产生，出产，屈从，让步) pose(v.摆姿势，导致) assume(v.认为，假定，假设) confidence(n.信任信赖，自信心) inherit(v.沿袭，秉承，继承) comprehensive(a.综合的，多方面的) 1. Given the chance to show his ability, he regained confidence and began to succeed in school. 2. It is so difficult to explore the bottom of the ocean because some parts are very deep. 3. It was about 30 seconds before Alex emerged from the water; we were quite scared. 4. We often assume that when other people do the same things as we do, they do them for the same reasons; but this assumption is not always reasonable. 5. There is widespread concern that the rising unemployment may pose a threat to social stability. 6. After a(n) comprehensive physical exam, my doctor said I was in good condition except that my blood pressure was a little high. 7. It is well known that China is a country with rich natural resources and a very big population. 8. Some people believe that the earth can yield enough food to support at least twice its present population. 9. Sam inherited the gift of imagination from his family, but he lacked the driving power to take action. 10. A bee that has found honey is able to transmit to other bees the information they need in order to collect the honey. 2.15选10 attain赢得，获得，得到 fascinating迷人的，吸引人fulfill履行，执行pursue追求，致力于 available可获得的可利用的 qualify使合适，合格raise提升，增加 passion强烈的爱好，热爱 virtually实际上classify分类归类 acquire获得，取得，学到 fashionable流行的especially特别的 sample样品，标本 prosperous繁荣的University students come from different parts of the country with various purposes. However, a closer look at their reasons for studying at the university will enable us to (1)classify them roughly into three groups: those who have a(n) (2)passion for learning, those who wish to (3)attain a bright future, and those who learn with no definite purpose. Firstly, there are many students who learn simply because they (4)pursue their goal of learning. Some read a wealth of British and American novels because they are keenly interested in literature. Others sit in front
新视野大学英语第三版
Unit 1 Section A 3.Words in use 1.The mayor decided to(condense)his speech in order to leave enough time for his audience to raise questions. 2. It was reported that there was a vehicle missing every 20 seconds in the US.If the trends continue,experts predict annual vehicle thefts could(exceed)two million. 3. Researchers put patients through a set of psychological tests to determine the negative consequences of sleep(deficit). 4. Too much(exposure)to dirty air can cause people to suffer from allergies and diseases that will eventually affect people's health. 5. Moving forward even in the face of great difficulties has become my most important(asset)in my life since it has helped me accomplish something remarkable. 6. The lawyer proclaimed they couldn't jump to conclusions because acceptable conclusions must be supported
新视野大学英语读写教程第三版翻译
新视野Book3 汉译英翻译 Unit 1 Translate the following paragraph into English 如今，很多年轻人不再选择“稳定”的工作，他们更愿意自主创业，依靠自己的智慧和奋斗去实现自我价值。青年创业(young entrepreneurship)是未来国家经济活力的来源，创业者的成功不但会创造财富、增加就业机会、改善大家的生活，从长远来看，对于国家更是一件好事，创业者正式让中国经济升级换代的力量。尤其是在当前，国家鼓励大众创业、万众创新，在政策上给予中小企业支持，这更加激发了年轻人的创业热情。 Nowadays, many young people no longer choose“stable” jobs. Instead, they prefer to start their own businesses and realize their self-value through their own wisdom and efforts. Young entrepreneurship is the source of national economic vitality in the future. The success of entrepreneurs not only creates fortune, increases job opportunities, improves people’s life, but it is also good for the country in the long term. Entrepreneurs are a driving force in upgrading China’s economy. Especially for the time being, our country is encouraging people to start their own businesses and make innovations and giving policy support for medium and small businesses. This further arouses young people’s enthusiasm to start their own businesses. Unit 2 Translate the following paragraph into English 实现中华民族伟大复兴（rejuvenation)是近代以来中国人民最伟大的梦想，我称之为“中国梦”，其基本内涵是实现国家富强、民族振兴、人民幸福。中国梦，是让每一个积极进取的中国人形成世世代代的信念：只要经过不懈的奋斗便能获得更好的生活。人们必须通过自己的勤奋、勇气、创意和决心迈向繁荣，而不是依赖于社会和他人的援助。每个中国人都是中国梦的参与者和创造者。中国梦是民族的梦，也是每个中国人的梦。 Realizing the great national rejuvenation, which we define as the Chinese Dream, has been the greatest Chinese expectation since modern times. It basically means achieving prosperity for the country, renewal of the nation and happiness for the people, thus ensuring that every enterprising Chinese carries, generation after generation, the firm conviction that a better life is accomplished through persistent effort. People should achieve their prosperity through diligence, courage, creativity and determination instead of aid from society or other people. Each individual is a participant and a designer in the cause of realizing the Chinese Dream, for it is a dream not only for the entire nation but also for every Chinese. Unit 3 Translate the following paragraph into English 水墨画（ink and wash painting）是中国独具特色的传统艺术形式之一，是中国国画的代表。它大约始于唐代，兴盛于宋代和元代，距今已有一千多年的历史，其间经历了不断的发展、提高和完善。水墨画的创作工具和材料是具有浓厚中国特色的毛笔、宣纸和墨，其作品特点也与此紧密相关。例如，水和墨相互调和，使作品具有干湿浓淡的层次。水墨和宣纸的交融渗透也使画作善于表现丰富的意向，从而达到独特的审美效果。水墨画在中国绘画史上具有很高的地位，甚至被认为是衡量东方绘画艺术水平的标准。 Ink and wash painting, one of the unique traditional art forms of China, is representative of Chinese painting. It began around the time of the Tang Dynasty, and then prospered in the Song and Yuan dynasties. With a history of over one thousand years, it has experienced constant development, improvement and perfection. The tools and materials used to create ink and wash painting, i.e. brushes, rice paper, and ink, are characteristic of Chinese culture and closely related to the features of the paintings. For example, the mixing of water and ink creates different shades of dryness, wetness, thickness and thinness. The integration and infiltration of water, ink, and rice paper enables such paintings to convey rich images, and hence to achieve unique aesthetic effects.