2019年高考英语II 译文 (1)

2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

英语全国卷II

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

A

My Favourite Books

我最喜欢的书

Jo Usmar is a writer for Cosmopolitan and co-author of the This Book Will series （系列）of lifestyle books. Here she picks her top reads.

乔·乌斯玛是一位撰写“”Cosmopolitan“”性的作家，也是《威尔系列生活方式系列》的合著者。在这里，她挑选了她最喜欢的书。

Matilda

玛蒂尔达

Roald Dahl

罗尔德·达尔

I once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald Dahl’s writing and it gave me a new appreciation for his strange and delightful worlds. Matilda’s battles with her cruel parents and the bossy headmistress, Miss Trunchbull, are equally funny and frightening, but they’re also aspirational.

我曾经写过一篇关于对罗尔德·达尔写作的童话的影响的论文，这篇论文让我对罗尔德·达尔奇怪而又愉快的世界有了新的认识。玛蒂尔达和她残忍的父母以及专横的女校长---特伦奇布尔小姐---之间的斗争，既有趣又可怕，但同时也充满了抱负。

After Dark

天黑后

Haruki Murakami

村上春树

It’s about two sisters —Eri, a model who either won’t or can’t stop sleeping,

and Mari, a young student. In trying to connect to her sister, Mari starts changing her life and discovers a world of diverse “night people” who are hiding sec rets.

这是关于两个姐妹的故事——伊利，一个不会或不能停止睡觉的模特，还有玛丽，一个年轻的学生。在试图和妹妹联系的过程中，玛丽开始改变她的生活，发现了一个由不同的“夜行侠”组成的世界，他们隐藏着秘密。

Gone Girl

消失的女孩

Gillian Flynn

吉莉安·弗林

There was a bit of me that didn’t want to love this when everyone else on the planet did, but the horror story is br illiant. There’s tension and anxiety from the beginning as Nick and Amy battle for your trust. It’s a real whodunit and the frustration when you realise what’s going on is horribly enjoyable.

当这个世界上所有的其他人都这么喜欢它的时候，我有一点不想爱上这个，但这个恐怖的故事是非常精彩的。当尼克和艾米为你的信任而战时，一开始就有紧张和焦虑。当你意识到正在发生的事情是非常令人愉快的时候，这是一个真正的抱怨和挫折。

The Stand

看台

Stephen King

斯蒂芬金

This is an excellent fantasy novel from one of the best storytellers around. After a serious flu outbreak wipes out % of the world’s population, a battle unfolds between good and evil among those left. Randall Flagg is one of the scariest characters ever.

这是一部优秀的幻想小说，出自世界上最好的说书人之手。在一场严重的流感爆发消灭了世界%的人口后，左派之间的善恶之争正在展开。兰德尔·弗拉格是有史以来最恐怖的人物之一。

B

“You can use me as a last resort（选择）, and if nobody else volunteers, then I will do it.” Thi s was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids’ lacrosse（长曲棍球）club.

“你可以把我当作最后的选择，如果没有其他人自愿的话，那么我会这样做的。”这是我向我的孩子的曲棍球俱乐部提出志愿者要求后，一位家长真实的答复。

I guess that there’s probably some demanding work schedule, or social anxie ty around stepping up to help for an unknown sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug at the heartstrings. I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren’t even on… At this point the unwilling parent speaks up, “Alright. Yes, I’ll do it.”

我想，在要说服一个人去帮助一项未知的活动时，那个人可能会有一些苛刻的工作日程，或是社会的焦虑她可能需要一点说服力。所以我再试一次，拉着她的心弦。我提到了一位有四个孩子的单亲家长，我还谈到父亲在指导一个他的孩子都不在其中的团队……这时，这位不情愿的家长开口了:“好吧。是的，我会做的。”

I’m secretly relieved because I know there’s real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many. The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule, sends out emails, and collects money for end-of-season gifts. Somewhere along the way, the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team. The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season. Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.

我暗自松了一口气，因为我知道在许多人当中分担志愿者的责任是有真正的力量的。这个不情愿的父母会安排用餐时间，发送电子邮件，收钱买季末礼物。在这个过程中，同一个家长最终成为了团队中非常宝贵的一员。教练能够把注意力集中在孩子们身上，而其他的父母则因为又一个赛季不用操心而松了口气。给急红眼的孩子们分发切片橙子就像看着自己的孩子进球一样令人兴奋。

Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close. That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more: Connecting to the community（社区）as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good.

尽管如此，当志愿服务结束时，我们大多数志愿者都会松一口气。这种解脱加上对为什么同样的人会不断回来寻求更多帮助的深刻理解：与社区联系，因为你可以自由地给予你的时间、金钱、技能或服务提供真正的快乐。志愿服务感觉真好。

In that sense, I’m pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I’d freely like to admit. However, if others benefit in the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter where my motivation lies

从这个意义上说，我很肯定志愿服务比我愿意承认的更自私。然而，如果其他人在这个过程中受益，我也得到了一些奖励，那么我的动机在哪里真的很重要

C

Marian Bechtel sits at West Palm Beach’s Bar Louie counter by herself, quietly reading her e-book as she waits for her salad. What is she reading None of your business! Lunch is Bechtel’s “me” time. And like more Americans, she’s not alone.

玛丽安·柏克德独自坐在西棕榈滩路易酒吧的柜台前，静静地读着电子书，等着吃沙拉。她在读什么不关你的事!午餐时间是柏克德的“自我”时间。像更多的美国人一样，她并不是个例。

A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America. More than half (53 percent) have breakfast alone and nearly half (46 percent) have lunch by themselves. Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore, 74 percent, according to statistics from the report.

一份新的报告发现，46%的美国人是独自用餐。超过一半的人(53%)独自吃早餐，近一半(46%)独自吃午餐。只有在晚饭时间，我们才会在一起吃饭，根据报告的统计数据，74%的人在一起吃饭。

“I prefer to go out and be out. Alone, but together, you know” Bechtel said,

looking up from her book. Bechtel, who works in downtown West Palm Beach, has lunch with coworkers sometimes, but like many of us, too often works through lunch at her desk. A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder. She returns to work feeling energized. “Today, I just wanted some time to myself,” she said.

“我更喜欢出去走走。单独，不是集体，你知道吗”贝克特尔抬起头说。柏克德在西棕榈滩市中心工作，她有时会和同事一起吃午饭，但和我们很多人一样，她经常在办公桌前吃午饭。午餐时间的休息可以让她不让老板拍她的肩膀。她回到工作岗位时感到精力充沛。“今天，我只想给自己一点时间，”她说。

Just two seats over, Andrew Mazoleny, a local videographer, is finishing his lunch at the bar. He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the b arkeeper with whom he’s on a first-name basis if he wants to have a little interaction（交流）. “I reflect on how my day’s gone and think about the rest of the week,” he said. “It’s a chance for self-reflection. You return to work recharged and with a plan.”

有两个座位了，安德鲁马佐列尼，一个当地的摄像师，正在酒吧里吃完午饭。他喜欢安静地坐下来检查电话，或者如果他想和一个叫他名字的酒保有点交流，就可以和他聊天。他说：“我回想着我的一天过得怎么样，想想这周剩下的时间。”“这是一个自我反省的机会。你带着计划重新回到工作岗位。”

That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over. Now, we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. “It doesn’t feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology,” said Laurie Demeritt, whose company provided the statistics for the report.

选择的自由是越来越多的人喜欢独自吃饭的原因之一。曾几何时，人们可能会因为要一张单人桌而感到尴尬，但那种日子已经过去了。现在，我们有了智能手机来陪伴我们。“它不像科技进步之前那么孤单，”劳里·德米瑞特说，他的公司为这份报告提供了统计数据。

D

Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms（微生物）from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week. How is NASA overcoming this

very tiny big problem It’s turning to a bunch of high school kids. But not just any kids. It is depending on NASA HUNCH high school classrooms, like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport, New York.

细菌对宇航员来说是一个令人讨厌的问题。来自我们身体的微生物在国际空间站的表面无法控制地生长，所以宇航员每周要花几个小时来清理它们。美国宇航局如何克服这个非常小的大问题现在轮到一群高中生了。但不仅仅是孩子。这取决于美国航天局亨奇高中的教室，比如纽约费尔波特费尔波特高中的一位科学教师吉恩·戈登和唐娜·希梅尔伯格。

HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. For the past two years, Gordon’s students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think they’re close to a solution（解决方案）. “We don’t give the students any breaks. They have to do it just like NASA engineers,” says Florence Gold, a project manager.

Hunch设计用于连接高中教室和NASA工程师。在过去的两年里，戈登的学生一直在研究如何在零重力下杀死细菌，他们认为他们接近解决方案。“我们不给学生任何休息时间。他们必须像美国航天局的工程师那样去做，”项目经理弗洛伦斯·戈尔德说。

“There are no tests,”Gordon says. “There is no graded homework. There almost are no grades, other than ‘Are you working towards your goal’ Basically, it’s ‘I’ve got to produce this product and then, at the end of the year, present it to NASA.’ Engineers come and really do an in-person review, and…it’s not a very nice thing at times. It’s a hard business review of your product.”

“没有测试，”戈登说。“没有分级作业。除了“你在努力实现你的目标”之外，几乎没有分数。“基本上，这是‘我必须生产这个产品，然后在年底把它提交给美国宇航局’，工程师们来亲自审查，而且……有时候这不是一件很好的事情。这是对你的产品的一个艰难的商业评论。”

Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact（影响）on college admissions and practical life skills. “These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back. I don’t teach.” And that annoying bacteria Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem, readying a workable solution to test in space.

戈登说，HUNCH计划对大学入学率和实际生活技能有影响。“这些孩子太专注于他们的

学习，所以我就坐在后面。我不教。”那讨厌的细菌呢戈登说，他的学生每天都会给美国宇航局的工程师发邮件，讨论这个问题，为太空测试准备一个可行的解决方案。

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question: “Should I jump” This is what motivation or the lack of it can do. Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of the same coin. Without motivation, you can neither set a goal nor reach it. Like the child on the diving board, you will stay undecided.

想象一个孩子站在四英尺高的跳板上，自问：“我应该跳吗”“这就是动机或缺乏动机所能做的。动机和目标设定是同一个硬币的两面。没有动力，你既不能设定目标，也不能达到目标。就像跳板上的孩子一样，你会犹豫不决。

So how should you motivate yourself More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal First, you need to evaluate yourself, your values, your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires, etc. Only then should you set your goals.

那么你应该如何激励自己呢更重要的是，你应该如何保持动力来实现目标首先，你需要评估你自己，你的价值观，你的优势，你的弱点，你的成就，你的愿望，等等。只有这样你才能设定你的目标。

You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is directly related to your commitment. There are times when your heart is not in your work. This can affect your work. So, slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment. Clarity（清晰）of thoughts can help you move forward.

你还需要判断你的动机的质量和深度。这很重要，因为它直接关系到你的承诺。有时候你的心不在工作中。这会影响你的工作。所以，放慢脚步，想想你此刻真正想做什么。思想

的清晰可以帮助你前进。

Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible. They can change according to circumstances. They also need to be measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.

另一种设定现实目标的方法是分析你的短期和长期目标，记住你的信仰、价值观和优势。记住目标是灵活的。它们可以根据情况变化，也需要是可测量的。在设定目标时，你必须牢记这些要点。

Your personal circumstances are equally important. For example, you may want to be a pilot but can’t become one because your eyesight is not good enough. However, this should not discourage you. You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal.

你的个人情况同样重要。例如，你可能想成为飞行员，但不能成为飞行员，因为你的视力不够好。然而，这不应该使你气馁。你应该重新评估你的目标，并激励自己去设定一个新的目标。

You will surely need to overcome some difficulties, some planned, but most unplanned. You cannot overcome them without ample motivation. Make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of setting your goals.

你肯定需要克服一些困难，一些是有计划的，但大多数是无计划的。没有足够的动力，你就无法克服它们。在设定目标的时候，一定要为这些困难做好计划。

第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节（共20小题；每小题分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

It’s abo ut 250 miles from the hills of west-central Iowa to Ehlers’ home in

Minnesota. During the long trip home, following a weekend of hunting, Ehlers thought about the small dog he had seen trembling alongside the road. He had tried to coax （哄）the dog to him but, frightened, it had run off.

从爱荷华州中西部的小山到明尼苏达州的埃勒的家大约有250英里。在回家的长途旅行中，经过一个周末的打猎，埃勒斯想起了他看到的那只在路边颤抖的小狗。他试图哄骗那条狗靠近他，但小狗吓坏了，它跑掉了。

Back home, Ehlers was troubled by that lost dog. So, four days later, he called his friend Greg, and the two drove back. After a long and careful search, Greg saw, across a field, the dog moving cautiously away. Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him. Nervousness and fear were replaced with joy. It just started licking（舔）Ehlers’ face.

回到家里，埃勒斯被那只走失的狗困扰着。所以，四天后，他给他的朋友格雷格打电话，两人就开车回去了。经过长时间的仔细搜索，格雷格看到狗穿过田野，小心翼翼地走开了。埃勒斯最终成功地把动物哄住了。紧张和恐惧被欢乐所取代。小狗刚刚开始舔埃勒斯的脸。

A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one advertised as lost in the local paper. The ad had a phone number for a town in southern Michigan. Ehlers called the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them he had found their dog.

一位当地农民告诉他们，这条狗听起来像是在当地报纸上登的“寻物启事”的广告。广告上有一个来自密歇根州南部城镇的电话号码。埃勒斯打电话给杰夫和丽莎，告诉他们他找到了他们的狗。

Jeff had hunted in Iowa before Thanksgiving with his dog, Rosie, but the gun shots had scared the dog off. Jeff searched in vain for Rosie in the next four days.

杰夫在感恩节前和他的狗罗西在爱荷华州打猎，但枪声把狗吓跑了。杰夫在接下来的四天里没有能找到罗西。

Ehlers returned to Minnesota, and then drove 100 miles to Minneapolis to put Rosie on a flight to Michigan. “It’s good to know there’s still someone out there who cares enough to go to that kind of trouble,” says Lisa of Ehlers’ rescue effort.

埃勒斯回到明尼苏达州，然后驱车100英里到明尼阿波利斯，把罗西送上飞往密歇根的航班。谈到埃勒斯的救援行动时，丽莎说:“很高兴知道还有人非常关心这件事，愿意冒这样的风险。”

“I figured whoever lost the dog was probably just as close to it as I am to m y dogs,” says Ehlers. “If it had been my dog, I’d hope that somebody would be willing to go that extra mile.”

埃勒斯说：“我想，失去狗的人可能和我的狗一样接近它。”“如果是我的狗，我希望有人愿意多跑那么远。”

第二节（共10小题；每小题分，满分15分）

A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for being Britain’s ol dest full-time employee — still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, which she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have finally been acknowledged after a customer nominated（提名）her to be Cheshire’s Woman Of The Year.

一位90岁的老人被授予“年度最佳女性”称号，因为她是英国最老的全职雇员，每周工作40小时。现在艾琳·阿斯特伯里每天早上9点到下午5点在麦克斯菲尔德的宠物店工作，她和已故丈夫莱斯一起开了宠物店。在一位客户提名她为柴郡年度最佳女性后，她多年的辛勤工作终于得到了认可。

Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene declared she had no plans to retire from her 36-year-old business. Irene said, “I don’t see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I have made over the years. I work not because I have to, but because I want to.”

在领取“终身成就奖”时，自豪的艾琳宣布，她不打算从自己36岁的公司退休。艾琳说：“我看不出任何理由放弃工作。我喜欢来这里，看看我的家人和我多年来交的所有朋友。我工作不是因为我必须工作，而是因为我想工作。”

Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31 —who works alongside her in the family business

—said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said, “We d on’t have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call saying she was short-listed, we thought it was a joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It’s wonderful.”

31岁的孙女盖尔?帕克斯在家族企业工作，她说，目前还不清楚是谁提名艾琳获得该奖项。她说：“我们不知道是谁把奶奶提出来的。当我们接到一个电话说她被列入名单时，我们以为这是个玩笑。但后来我们收到了一封正式的信，我们高兴的不得了。我们为她感到骄傲。太好了。”

第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）

第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

Since I was a kid, I’ve considered different job s I would like to do. First, I wanted to be a fireman, whose uniform looked so cool. Then, when I was in the fifth grade, I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher very much. When I studied chemistry in high school, I reconsidered my goal and decided to be a doctor. There were two reasons for the decision. One was that I was amazed at the fact that a sick person could feel much better after seeing a doctor. the other was that I wanted to help people in need.

我小时候就考虑过不同的工作。首先，我想成为一名消防员，他的制服看起来很酷。然后，当我在五年级的时候，我想成为一名教师，因为我非常喜欢我的英语老师。当我在高中学习化学时，我重新考虑了我的目标，决定成为一名医生。这项决定有两个原因。一个是我很惊讶的事实是，一个病人看病后会感觉好多了。另一个是我想帮助有需要的人。