文学英语赏析复习重点

文学英语赏析复习重点

1. Figures of Speech 修辞格 P15-19

Simile 明喻：one thing is compared with another, usually using the word like, as.

Metaphor 暗喻 : when we make a direct comparison between one idea and another unrelated idea.

Alliteration 头韵 : when the same consonant sound (辅音) is repeated in words either next to or close to each other.

Assonance 半韵 : Assonance refers to the repetition of similar vowel sounds(元音) close to each other.

Personification 拟人：when a non-animate（无生命）object is given animate（有生命）characteristics.

Parallelism 排比：when we have an identical structure repeated one or more times.

Irony(and Sarcasm) 讽刺: On one level, a person’s words do not match their intention; on another level, irony refers to the total situation.

Puns and wordplay 双关: 有发音双关和词义双关。

2.句子或单词的正式程度：degrees of formality: very informal –informal—neutral(中性)—formal --- very formal

单词：general(普通) --- specific （特殊）

3. the Short Story 六要素P29

Plot 情节：opening – development --- climax/ crisis (高潮)– anticlimax—coda （结尾）

The Sniper (阻击手) ：小说故事发生地点：on a rooftop near O’Connell Bridge P32

Setting 地点：refers to the physical location and the background information about the reason for telling the story and information we may need about the main character or characters P36

Characterization 人物刻画: appearance ( 外貌) ，dialogue (对话)，behavior(行为) P39

Point of V iew 角度，视角：P41-42

1)first person narrative 第一人称。代表作：T he Paring knife

2)― I am a camera‖ third person narrative 照相机式第三人称。代表作：The Sniper

3)third person narrative seen from only one of the characters’ point of view, 代表作：Night

4)third person narrative seen from two or more different characters’ point of view ,代表作：

Rosary

5)third person omniscient(无所不知的) narrative, 代表作：Y ours

4. Time Structure 时间结构P44-45

1) the linear (顺叙)：the action proceeds as in real time, one event follows another

代表作：T he Sniper , 和Room for one more

2) the flashback （倒叙），usually works by starting a story at a point in the recent past, then

switching the action back to an earlier time, farther back in the past. At the end it will usually bring us back to the same time zone we started from.

代表作：The Paring knife, 和Bluebells and Autumn Leaves 和W ords Long Unspoken

3) the moving point (移动点)：when the writer shifts abruptly back and forth between different

time zones.

代表作：Mother

5. Short Story短篇小说：

5.1) Hills Like White Elephant 《白象似的群山》：P51

作者：Ernest Hemingway: American novelist and short story writer. Nobel Prize Winner 诺贝尔文学奖(1954)获得者.

文体风格：prose style--- economical, direct and immediate.

故事地点：a train station in Spain

故事内容：一对情侣在火车站等车时，两人在小店喝一种licorice(苦艾酒)饮料，双方为了abortion（堕胎）不愉快经历。

5.2) The Man Who T alked to Trees 《和树交谈的人》：P54

作者：Alan Maley 他的作品还有： Words Long Unspoken 《好久没有说的话》