肺癌英文课件
肺癌英文总结
肺癌英文总结Introduction肺癌是一种恶性肿瘤，通常起源于肺组织，是全球范围内最常见的癌症之一。
沉默无声的发展过程使得肺癌往往在晚期才被发现，导致治疗的挑战性增加。
本文将概述肺癌的英文相关信息，包括定义、病因、症状、诊断、治疗和预后等方面。
Definition肺癌，又称为肺部恶性肿瘤，是一种起源于肺组织的癌症。
它可以分为两类：小细胞肺癌（Small Cell Lung Cancer，SCLC）和非小细胞肺癌（Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer，NSCLC）。
NSCLC是最常见的一种肺癌类型，约占所有肺癌病例的85％。
Risk Factors肺癌的发展与多种危险因素相关。
吸烟是最重要的危险因素，超过80％的肺癌患者与吸烟有关。
其他风险因素包括二手烟暴露、空气污染、职业暴露（如石棉、镍、铬等）、放射线暴露以及家族遗传等。
Symptoms肺癌在早期通常没有明显的症状，因此很难被及早发现。
然而，在肿瘤生长到一定程度时，患者可能会出现以下症状： - 持续咳嗽或咳嗽加重 - 咳痰带血 - 胸痛或背痛 - 呼吸困难 - 声音嘶哑 - 体重下降 - 疲劳感Diagnosis肺癌的诊断通常需要组合使用多种方法。
医生通常会利用影像学检查（如X射线、CT扫描、PET-CT扫描）来发现肿瘤的存在和位置。
确诊肺癌需要通过活检，这包括纤维支气管镜检查、穿刺活检和手术切除术后的病理检查。
Treatment治疗肺癌的方法取决于癌症的类型、分期和患者的整体健康状况。
常见的治疗方法包括： - 手术切除：可通过切除病变组织来治疗早期肺癌。
- 放疗：利用高能射线杀死癌细胞或抑制其生长。
- 化疗：使用化学药物来杀死癌细胞或阻止其增殖。
- 靶向治疗：根据肿瘤特有的变异，使用特定的药物来针对癌细胞。
Prognosis肺癌的预后取决于患者的年龄、健康状况、癌症的分期和治疗方法。
早期诊断和治疗往往提高了生存率。
然而，肺癌的五年生存率整体较低，因为很多病例在晚期才被发现。
癌症英文版ppt课件
An adult human body has about 30 trillion cells — 30,000,000,000,00 0!
WHY CANCER IS DANGEROUS?
HOW DOCTORS TREAT CANCER?
The best weapon
to detect it early before spread
癌症英文版
Cancer — a scary word, a scary disease, a callous killer
马三立 （膀胱癌）
陈晓旭 （ breast cancer ）
李钰 （淋巴癌）
Patrick Swayze （胰腺癌）
luciano Pavarotti （胰腺癌）
good news：
•Millions of people with cancer still alive •Technology for cancer treating
Kylie Ann Minogue (breast cancer)
WHAT ISa single disease •includes more than 100 different diseases
WAYS TO PREVENT CANCER?
Don’t smoke! Keep healthy diet. Avoid too much sun.
Getting plenty of sleep and exercise and eating the right foods can help keep you healthy.
•Removed by surgery •Radiation, such as X rays
肺癌相关英文词汇
肺癌相关英文词汇小结Chapter 64 Lung Can cer肺癌1. L ung can cer/L ung careino mas 肺癌12.malig nan t tran sformatio n恶性转化2. solid tumor originating from bronchial epithelial cells来源于支气管内皮细胞的实体肿瘤3. N on small cell lu ng can cer (NSCLC) 非小细胞肺癌4. small cell lu ng can cer (SCLC)小细胞肺癌13.overexpression of c-KIT in SCLC 小细胞肺癌细胞c-KIT过表达14. epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in NSCLC非小细胞肺癌表皮生长因子受体15. affect disease prog no sis影响疾病预后5. n atural histories自然病程6. resp on ses to therapy治疗有效7. L ung carci no mas arise from n ormal bron chial epithelial cells that have acquired multiple genetic lesions and are capable of express ing a variety of phe no types 肺癌来源于支气管上皮细胞，这些细胞在后天产生了多种基因缺陷，并且表现出多种表型。
8. Activati on of proto on coge nes原癌基因激活9.i nhibiti on or mutati on of tumor suppressor genes抑癌基因抑制或突变10. product ion of autocri ne growth factors 自分泌产生生长因子11. cellular proliferati on 细胞增殖16. Cigarette smoking is responsible for 〜80% of lung cancer cases80%的肺癌是由于吸烟导致的17. exposure to respiratory carci nogens 暴露于呼吸道致癌物18. asbestos石棉19. Be nzene本20. genetic risk factors基因风险因素21. history of other lung diseases其他肺部疾病病史22. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD]24. The major cell types are SCLC (〜15%慢性阻塞性肺病23. asthma哮喘of all lung can cers）, ade no carci noma （〜50%）, squamous cell carcinoma （＜30%）, and large cell carci no ma.肺癌主要的类型包括小细胞肺癌（15%）, 腺癌（50%）,鳞癌（＜30%）及大细胞肺癌。
肺癌ppt英文下载
1、 鳞状上皮细胞癌 包括梭形细胞癌
（1）占原发肺癌的40-50%；柱状上皮纤毛丧失、 基底细胞鳞状化生、不典型增生、发育不全易突 变为癌。
（2）多见于老年男性； （3）与吸烟关系密切； （4）中央型多见； （5）管内生长，易导致肺不张及阻塞性肺炎； （6）癌组织易变性、坏死，形成空洞或肺脓肿； （7）生长缓慢，转移晚，手术机会相对较多。
支气管肺泡癌瘢
多
少
较大
痕癌
放化疗敏感
四、临床表现：
• 5%-15%发现时无症状
（一）由原发肿瘤引起的症状 （二） 肿瘤局部扩展引起的症状 （三）癌肿远处转移引起的症状 （四） 肿瘤作用于其他系统引起的肺外表现
（伴癌综合征）
（一）由原发肿瘤引起的症状
1、 咳嗽： 2、血痰或咯血： 3、 气短或喘鸣：阻塞或压迫 4、胸闷、气急：支气管狭窄、肺门淋巴 结转移压迫、胸水、心包积液、膈麻痹、 上腔静脉阻塞以及肺广泛受累 5、体重下降：肿瘤毒素、消耗、感染、 食欲减退
发病率 (%)
倍增时间
鳞癌 最常见 30～35 100d
小细胞癌 恶性度最高
腺癌
大细胞癌
20～25 33d
25～30 187d
10 100d
好发年龄性别
老年 男性
较轻
女性
吸烟
密切
有关
不明显
解剖分类 生长方式
转移
手术机会
鳞癌
小细胞癌
腺癌
大细胞癌
中央型 管腔内
晚
中央型 管腔外
早
周围 管腔外 较早
周围
6、 Horner综合征：肺上沟癌压迫
颈交感 也可压迫臂丛（腋下、上肢 内侧的火灼样疼痛）
肺癌t2英语解释
肺癌t2英语解释Lung cancer is a deadly disease that affects millions of people worldwide. T2 lung cancer, in particular, is a stage of the disease that requires careful consideration and understanding. In this essay, we will delve into the English explanation of T2 lung cancer, its causes, symptoms, and treatment options.Lung cancer is a type of cancer that originates in the lungs. It is a complex and challenging disease that can be difficult to detect in its early stages. T2 lung cancer is a specific stage of the disease that is characterized by the size and spread of the tumor. In this stage, the tumor is larger than 3 centimeters in diameter and may have spread to nearby lymph nodes or other structures in the chest.The primary cause of lung cancer, including T2 lung cancer, is exposure to carcinogens, such as cigarette smoke. Smoking is the leading risk factor for lung cancer, and individuals who smoke are up to 25 times more likely to develop the disease than non-smokers. Additionally, exposure to other environmental factors, such as radon, asbestos, and air pollution, can also increase the risk of lung cancer.Symptoms of T2 lung cancer can vary depending on the location andsize of the tumor. Common symptoms include persistent cough, coughing up blood, chest pain, shortness of breath, and weight loss. In some cases, the tumor may not cause any noticeable symptoms until it has progressed to a more advanced stage.Diagnosis of T2 lung cancer typically involves a combination of imaging tests, such as CT scans or PET scans, and tissue samples obtained through a biopsy. These tests help determine the size and location of the tumor and whether it has spread to nearby lymph nodes or other organs.Once T2 lung cancer has been diagnosed, the treatment plan will depend on several factors, including the overall health of the patient, the location and size of the tumor, and whether the cancer has spread to other parts of the body. Common treatment options for T2 lung cancer include surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy.Surgery is often the primary treatment option for T2 lung cancer, particularly if the tumor is located in a single, discrete area and has not spread to other parts of the body. The goal of surgery is to remove the entire tumor, along with a margin of healthy tissue surrounding it, to ensure that all cancerous cells have been removed.Radiation therapy is another common treatment option for T2 lung cancer. This treatment uses high-energy radiation to target anddestroy cancer cells. Radiation therapy may be used as the primary treatment for T2 lung cancer, or it may be used in combination with other treatments, such as chemotherapy or surgery.Chemotherapy is a systemic treatment that involves the use of drugs to kill cancer cells throughout the body. In the case of T2 lung cancer, chemotherapy may be used in combination with other treatments, such as radiation therapy or surgery, to improve the chances of successful treatment.In addition to these traditional treatment options, there have been significant advancements in the field of targeted therapy and immunotherapy for lung cancer. Targeted therapies are drugs that target specific genetic mutations or proteins that are involved in the growth and spread of cancer cells. Immunotherapy, on the other hand, uses the body's own immune system to fight cancer.The prognosis for individuals with T2 lung cancer can vary depending on a number of factors, including the overall health of the patient, the size and location of the tumor, and the response to treatment. In general, the 5-year survival rate for T2 lung cancer is around 30-50%. However, with early detection and appropriate treatment, the prognosis for many patients with T2 lung cancer can be improved.In conclusion, T2 lung cancer is a serious and complex disease that requires a multifaceted approach to treatment. By understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options, healthcare providers and patients can work together to develop the most effective treatment plan and improve the chances of successful outcomes. As research continues to advance in the field of lung cancer, it is important to stay informed and advocate for the best possible care.。
2015年肺腺癌分型英文版
2015年肺腺癌分型英文版
2015年肺腺癌的分型是根据世界卫生组织（WHO）的分类标准进行的。
根据2015年的分类标准，肺腺癌分为以下几种类型：
1. 腺癌（Adenocarcinoma），这是最常见的肺癌类型之一，通常起源于肺部的腺体组织。
根据细胞形态和组织结构的不同，腺癌又可分为乳头状腺癌、管状腺癌、黏液腺癌等亚型。
2. 放线菌瘤样癌（Adenocarcinoma in situ，AIS），这是一种非侵袭性的早期肺腺癌，通常局限于细胞的原位增生，未侵犯肺泡壁。
3. 部分浸润性腺癌（Minimally invasive adenocarcinoma，MIA），这是介于AIS和浸润性腺癌之间的一种类型，肿瘤在肺组织中的浸润程度较轻。
4. 浸润性腺癌（Invasive adenocarcinoma），这是最常见的肺腺癌类型，具有侵袭性，有可能向周围组织和器官扩散。
总的来说，2015年肺腺癌的分型主要是基于肿瘤的组织学类型
和浸润程度进行分类，这有助于医生对肺腺癌进行更精准的诊断和治疗。
同时，针对不同类型的肺腺癌，医生也会采用个体化的治疗方案，以提高患者的生存率和生活质量。
肺癌诊疗指南PPT【24页】
药物治疗
靶向治疗
针对肺癌细胞特有的基因突变， 使用特定的靶向药物进行治疗。
免疫治疗
通过调节患者免疫系统，增强其 对肿瘤的识别和攻击能力。
化疗
使用化学药物对癌细胞进行杀灭 或抑制其生长。
放疗与化疗
放疗
使用高能射线对肿瘤进行照射，破坏其细胞结构，达到缩小 或消除肿瘤的目的。
化疗
通过全身给药的方式，利用化学药物对快速生长的肿瘤细胞 进行杀灭或抑制。
肺癌诊疗指南
汇报人：可编辑 2024-01-10
目录
• 肺癌概述 • 肺癌诊疗流程 • 肺癌治疗方法 • 肺癌诊疗效果评估 • 肺癌诊疗新进展
01
肺癌概述
定义与分类
定义
肺癌是起源于肺部支气管黏膜或 腺体的恶性肿瘤，是全球最常见 的恶性肿瘤之一。
分类
肺癌主要分为非小细胞肺癌（ NSCLC）和小细胞肺癌（SCLC） ，其中非小细胞肺癌占80%以上 。
根据患者的具体情况和基因突变情况 ，选择最适合的个体化治疗方案。
中晚期肺癌
以化疗、放疗和靶向治疗为主，根据 具体情况选择手术介入。
03
肺癌治疗方法
手术治疗
手术切除
通过手术将肿瘤及周围组织切除 ，以达到根治的目的。
淋巴结清扫
在手术过程中，对淋巴结进行清扫 ，以降低癌细胞扩散的风险。
术后护理
手术后需进行必要的护理和康复， 以促进患者恢复。
疗技术推广。
国际合作研究
03
多个国家共同开展肺癌研究项目，共享研究成果，提高全球肺
癌诊疗的整体水平。
THANKS
感谢观看
发病机制与病因
发病机制
肺癌的发生是多种因素共同作用的结果，包括遗传、环境、生活习惯等。
11原发性支气管肺癌(中英文对照2008)
•
*Kras
•
*Her-2/neu
10
病理和分类 Pathology and classification
11
解剖学分类 Anatomy classification
• 1 中央型肺癌 • 1 Central lung cancer
12
• 2 周围型肺癌 • 2 Peripheral lung cancer
14
• Small cell carcinoma
– Rare in non-smokers – Large hilar mass – 70% present with overt metastasis – Very chemo-responsive… – Worst prognosis
15
Small cell carcinoma
– Usually peripheral
• Localized, multi-nodular or diffuse
– Slow metabolism – Prognosis
• Localized vs. other
26
支气管肺泡癌
27
• Large cell carcinoma
– Large peripheral mass with necrosis – Malignant epithelial neoplasm – Poorly-differentiated – Aggressive mets – “It’s a cancer…it’s not small cell…but…”
osteoarthropathy, HPO
病人
正常人 40
实验室和辅助检查
Laboratory and auxiliary examination
2024肺癌NCCN指南解读英文版
2024肺癌NCCN指南解读英文版Interpreting the 2024 Lung Cancer NCCN GuidelinesIn 2024, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) released updated guidelines for the management of lung cancer. These guidelines provide recommendations for the diagnosis, staging, and treatment of lung cancer based on the latest research and evidence.One key aspect of the 2024 NCCN guidelines is the emphasis on personalized medicine and targeted therapies. The guidelines recommend testing for specific genetic mutations in lung cancer patients to determine the most appropriate treatment options. This approach aims to improve outcomes and reduce side effects by tailoring treatment to the individual patient.Another important update in the 2024 NCCN guidelines is the recommendation for comprehensive staging of lung cancer. Staging is crucial for determining the extent of the disease and guiding treatmentdecisions. The guidelines outline the various imaging and biopsy techniques that should be used to accurately stage lung cancer.Treatment recommendations in the 2024 NCCN guidelines are based on the stage and subtype of lung cancer. Surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy are all potential treatment options depending on the individual patient's situation. The guidelines also highlight the importance of multidisciplinary care and the involvement of a team of specialists in the treatment of lung cancer.In summary, the 2024 Lung Cancer NCCN guidelines provide a comprehensive framework for the management of lung cancer, emphasizing personalized medicine, comprehensive staging, and a multidisciplinary approach to treatment. These guidelines serve as a valuable resource for healthcare providers in delivering optimal care to patients with lung cancer.。
原发性支气管肺癌中英文对照
– At 15 years, 80-90% risk reduction
– Never gets to “never smoker” risk
5
20 Year Lag
6
If what happened on your inside happened on your outside, would you still smoke?
原发性支气管肺癌 Primary bronchogenic
carcinoma
呼吸内科
Respiratory Department
熊维宁
Xiong, Weining
1
定义 Definition
• 原发性支气管肺癌简称肺癌，是起源于 支气管粘膜或腺体的肿瘤。
• Primary bronchogenic carcinoma is abbreviated to lung cancer, it derives from bronchi mucosa or gland.
tumor local expanding
• 1 胸痛
• 1 Chest pain
• 2 呼吸困难
• 2 Dyspnea
• 3 吞咽困难
• 3 Dysphagia: esophageal compression
• 4 声音嘶哑
• 4 Hoarse voice: laryngeal nerve paralysis
• 5 上腔静脉阻塞综合征
• 5 Superior vena cava obstruction syndrome
• 6 Horner综合征，肺上沟瘤
• 6 Horner’s syndrome, Pancoast’s tumor: Cervical/thoracic nerve invasion
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目录
Clinical Features
• (4).Horner’s syndrome.It is caused by invading the cervical sympathetic ganglia on the involved side the pupil is small ptosis of the up eyelids,retraction of the eyeball and no sweat of the face.
目录
Incidence and mortality
• Bronchogenic carcinoma has increased remarkable in incidence and mortality during half of the century and has become the most frequent visceral malignant diseases of men.The mortality of lung cancer hold the first place among all kinds carcinomas.
carcinoma.
目录
Clinical features
• There are no symptoms of early lung cancer in some patients.
• Symptoms caused by lung cancer are nonspecific:perhaps an audible wheeze or a slight cough,symptoms of infection (fever ,purulent sputum) , of obstruction (wheezing,dyspnea), or ulceration of bronchial mucosa (hemoptysis).
Bronchogenic Carcinoma (Lung Cancer)
Respiratory department
Bronchogenic carcinoma refers to the malignant tumor which grows in the bronchus. Originating from mucus or gland of bronchus.
目录
Pathology And Classification
• 2.According to cytology,it is convenient to classify into four kinds of types.
• (1).Squamous cell carcinoma. • (2).Small cell anaplastic carcinoma. • (3).Large cell anaplastic carcinoma. • (4).Adenocarcinoma(including alveolar cell
carcinoma).
目录
Pathology And Classification
• According to the different principles of management,it is divided into two types.
• SCLC:small cell lung carcinoma. • NSCLC:non small cell lung
目录
Pathology And Classification
• 1. According to the position of tumor arising from ,it can be divided into two types .
• Central type:Tumor arises from main bronchus, lobar and segmental bronchus . Peripheral type : Tumor arises beyond segmental bronchus .
目录
Clinical features
• 1.Respiratory symptoms. • (1).Cough: • (2).Hemoptysis: • (3).Dyspnea.: • (4).Wheeze or stridor: • (5).Chest pain : • (6).Fever:
目录
目录
Etiology
• The cause of lung cancer is unknown.It is believed that there are following related factors.
• 1. Excessive cigarette smoking:Smoking index(Brinkman Index) is equal to cigarettes per day smoking time(years).
Clinical features
• 2.Symptoms caused by the near organs or tissue involved by tumor.
• (1).Dysphagia. • (2).Hoarseness. • (3).Pleural effusion due to invasion of the
• Passive smoking is also a carcinogen factor.
目录
Etiology
• 2.Atmospheric pollution.It was found that carcinogenic factor is benzpyrene .
• 3.Occupational factors. • 4Radioactivity in the atmosphere . • 5.Diets and Nutrition. • 6.Chronic irritation. • 7.Genetic factors.