人教版8年级上英语各单元易混淆词汇及短语辨析

人教版8年级上英语各单元易混淆词汇及短语辨析
人教版8年级上英语各单元易混淆词汇及短语辨析

Unit1 易混淆词汇及短语辨析

1、anyone,any one

anyone 只能指人,后面不接of短语。

any one既可指人,也可指物,表示“(某些人或物中的)任何一个”,后面可接of短语。

例:Anyone in our town knows him. 坑我们镇上任何一个人都认识他。

You can read any one of the books here. 你可以读这里的任何一本书。

2、something,anything,nothing

something复合不定代词,意为“某事;某物”,常用于肯定句中。其用于疑问句中时,表示希望得到对方的肯定回答。

例:I know something about her. 我知道一点儿关于她的事。anything复合不定代词,一般用于疑问句或否定句中,其不同如下:疑问句中指“某事物”。

否定句中指“任何事物都(没有)”。

肯定句中指“任何事物;无论任何事”。

nothing 复合不定代词,意为“没有什么;没有一件东西”,其作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

例:There is nothing new in today’s newspaper. 今天的报纸上没有什么新鲜事。

3、everyone,every one

everyone复合不定代词,意为“每人;人人;所有人”,相当于everybody,作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

every one是两个词,既可指人,也可指物,后面可跟介词of。

例:Everyone in our class likes Mr. Liu. 我们班的每个人都喜欢刘老师。

Everyone is here, and every one of us has a chance to speak at the meeting. 大家都到了,我们每个人都有机会在会上发言。

4、problem, question

problem 指需要研究、解决的问题或难题,常与动词solve连用。question 指有疑问,需要回答的问题,常与ask与answer等连用。例:We are trying to solve the problem. 我们正在试图解决这个问题。

Please answer my question seriously. 请认真回答我的问题。5、arrive at,arrive in

arrive 动词,意为“到达”。

arrive at 后面接较小的场所,如镇、家、店等。

arrive in 后面接较大的地方,如国家、大城市等。

【真题链接】Connie arrived ____ the village ____ a snowy night. (广东)

A. at; on

B. at; in

C. in; at

D. in; on 【解析】:A。从句子结构我们一眼可以看出本题考查的是表达“到达某个地方”时arrive与介词的搭配和表达具体的某天的上午、下午或晚上时的介词搭配。因为村庄是小地方,且“arrive at+小地方”、“arrive in+大地方”,故应用arrive at;在具体的某天的上午、下午或晚上,用介词on。

6、too many,too much,much too

too many “太多”,用来修饰可数名词复数。

too much “太多”,用来修饰不可数名词。

much too “极其;非常;太“,相当于副词very,常用来修饰形容词或副词。

【用法歌诀】too much, much too

去掉前词看后头;

much可接不可数(n.),

too则修饰形(adj.)或副(adv.)

7、because of,because

because of介词短语,后常跟名词、代词或V-ing形式,可置于句首或句末。

because 后常接表示原因的从句,语气较强,可回答why引导的特殊

疑问句,不可与so连用。

My grandpa was in hospital because of his illness.(=My grandpa was in hospital because he was ill.)因为生病,我爷爷住院了。【真题链接】He had to retire(退休)early _____ poor health.(江苏扬州)

A. as a result

B. because

C. so

D. because of 解析:D。所选项引导原因且后跟名词,而as a result“结果”,连接分句:because“因为”,后接句子;so“因此”,作连词或副词,其后不跟名词。故排除选项A、B和C。because of后可跟名词、代词或V-ing形式,故选D。

8、bring,take

bring “拿来”,指把东西从远处拿到近处来。

take “拿走”,指把东西从近处往远处拿。

【真题链接】If the postman has a registered(挂号)letter for us, he _____ it to our flat.(山东威海)

A. brings

B. spend

C. leaves

D. take 【解析】A。be为第三人称单数,故排除选项B和D。由“to our flat”可知,是把挂号信带到我们的公寓,即“说话者所在的地点”,故用bring“带来”。

9、no one,none

no one

(1) 能指人,一般单独使用,不能与of连用。

(2) 作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

(3) 一般用来回答who 开头的文句。

none

(1) 既可指人,也可指物。

(2) 可单独使用,也可与of连用,后跟不可数名词或可数名词复数。

(3) none of与不可数名词连用作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

(4) none of与可数名词复数连用作主语时,谓语动词用单、复数形式均可。

(5) 一般用来回答how many或how much开头的问句。

—Who is in the room? 谁在房间里?

No one. 没人。

How many boys are there in the room? 房间里有多少个男孩?None. 一个也没有。

10、find out,find,look for

find out着重表示通过理解、分析、思考、询问等“弄淸楚;查明”某个情况、亊实等。

find 意为“找到;发现”,强调“找”的结果,其宾语往往是某个丢失的人或物。

look for意为“寻找”,是有目的地“找” 强调“找”这一动作。Go and find out when the train will leave. 去査一下火车什么时候开。

I found my shoes under the bed.我在床下找到了我的鞋。—What are you looking for? 你在找什么?

—I’m looking for my books.我在找我的书。

【真题链接】—Jack, could you help me when the plane will take off on the Internet?

—I’m sorry, my computer doesn't work.(山东泰安)

A. get out

B. look out

C. take out D . find out 【解析】D。作答本题时可用语义推理法。本题考查动词短语。对于四个动词短语的选择,应从语义入手,句意:“杰克,你能帮我在网上查一下飞机什么时候起飞吗?”“对不起,我的电脑坏了。”由此推出答案为find out“发现;查明;弄清”,故选D。get out“出去”;look out“提取;除去”。

1、how often的用法

多久一次常用来询问事情发生的频率。

回答常用always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, never, once a day, twice a week, every four years等表频率的词或短语。

如:how often do you watch TV?

I watch TV twice a week.

注意区别以下短语:

How long多长时间答语为for+一段时间。

How soon将过多久,多久以后,常用将来时,答语为in+一段时间How many times,多少次,表示数,答次数。

How far多远,问距离,答距离。

2、hardly, hard

Hardly是adv.意为几乎不,几乎没有,almost和否定的词的组合可与hardly互换。例如:there’s hardly any meat left.=there’s almost no meat left.

在构成反意疑问句时,要前否后肯,如:

She hardly says a word, does she?

hard既是adj.又是adv.adj.意思为困难的,硬的,如it’s hard to work out this problem.计算出这个题是很困难的。Adv.为努力地猛烈地如:we work hard.我们都努力地工作。

3、It’s adj. to do sth. it’s adj. for sb. to do sth.意思是(对某人来说)做某事是怎样的?

如:It’s good for my health.(它对我的健康有好处)

拓展:doing sth. is adj.=it’s adj. to do sth.

4、“但是”的用法

Although, though, but都是虽然但是意思,但although, though 必须用在虽然意思处,而but必须用在但是意思处,且两者不能同时使用。

如:maybe I’m not very healthy, although I have one healthy habit. =I have one healthy habit, but maybe I’m not very healthy.

5、Must与have to

相同:均可表示必须。

不同点:must指主观上必须,have to 指客观上不得不。Must无时态变化,have to有时态及人称的变化。如:She must work hard. It’s raining, Tom has to stay at home.

例:We all laughed loudly when she made a joke.她开了一个玩笑,我们都大声笑了。

He smiled to see the children so happy.看到孩子们这么幸福,他笑了。

如:He won a prize yesterday.他昨天得了一个奖。

We weren’t sure we could beat them.我们没有把握能打败他们。

例:He talks to me like my father. 他像父亲那样跟我谈话。(他不是我父亲)

He talks to me as a father. 他以父亲的身份跟我谈话。(他是我父亲)

4

如:We studied in this school about two years ago.我们大约两年前在这所学校学习。

They came here before this week.他们是在这个星期前来这儿的。

5、辨析:soon, quickly, fast

如:Please call me soon.请尽快给我发电话。

He quickly got up and went on running.他迅速起来,继续跑。He runs fast.他跑得快。

6、辨析: true, real, really

例:The news is true.这消息是真的。

Most of what he says is true.他说的话大部分是真实的。

It’s not a toy gun; it’s the real thing.它不是一把玩具枪,而是一把真枪。

I’m not really interested in fishing.我不是真的对钓鱼感兴趣。

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