2.直译,意译和音译课件

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“宅男宅女”怎么说?
Unit 1 直译,意译和英译
• Literal Translation, Free Translation
&Transliteration
直译的定义
• 二十世纪八十年代初,张培基等学者把直译
(Literal translation)定义为:所谓直译,就是在 译文语言条件许可的情况下,在译文中既保持 原文内容,又保持原文的形式—特别指保持原 文的比喻、形象和民族、地方色彩等。但直译 不是死译或硬译。 • 九十年代出版的翻译教程,对直译又有了不同 的解释:“直译指翻译时要尽量保持原作的语 言形式,包括用词、句子结构、比喻手段等, 同时要求语言流畅易懂。”
• 2. 外国人喜欢用大量的诙谐妙语(witty
sayings),这些用直译并不能完全表达出 其意思,此时就应采用意译法。 When the going gets tough, the tough gets going.
• 3. 意译用于翻译某些特殊词汇,避免翻
译中的错误,同时使译文更加通顺流畅。 A land of honey and milk Every life has its roses and thorns.
• 意译不同于乱译(random translation),
它是建立在正确理解原文和两种语言规律 的基础上,对源语言进行灵活的翻译。
直译wenku.baidu.com意义的关系
• 直译和意译是相辅相成、并行不悖的,
在翻译过程中应根据实际情况进行恰当 选择。正如辜正坤教授所言:“直译、 意译,各有千秋,译者根据功能、审美、 读者三要素,宜直译就直译,宜意译就 意译,能神游于规矩之内,亦能神游于 规矩之外,能循规蹈矩,亦能离经叛道, 方能称得上翻译的行家里手。”
• • •
Online Homework Check -up
• 219.222.191.134/web
经典语录分享
• I was rich, if not in money, in sunny hours and
summer days.
If you want to fly and move on to better things, you
一则广告 • 天有不测风云 Up in the sky there is unforeseen storm 但是 But 如果你参加保险 If you buy insurance 那么 Then
• 5.直译可以促进语言的多样性,有效地
避免陈词滥调,赋予译文以新鲜感。 Homer sometimes nods. A brewer’s wife may drink of a tun. Rats desert a falling house.
• 直译不等于死译(word-for-word
translation),它在保留原文风格和内容 的基础上允许词序和词性的变化,在翻 译时要避免生搬硬套的死译的现象。
如:The earth acts like a big magnet. 死译:地球作用着像一块大磁铁。
直译:地球的作用像一块大磁铁。
意译的优点
have to give up the things that weigh you down.
Enjoy the little things in life. For one day you may look back and realize they were the big things
记单词,从一点一滴做起…
• 2. 直译可以保留源语言的文化特征,即
保留其“洋味”。 Eg. to kill two birds with one stone to shed crocodile tears
dollar diplomacy
1. He walked at the head of the funeral procession, and every now and then wiped his crocodile tears with a big handkerchief. 2. The Senate Foreign Relations Committee today extended the olive branch to the Clinton Government by pleading for cooperation in developing foreign policy.
• 国庆节 • 景点 • 熙熙攘攘
• 旅行社 •自驾游
•自助游
•目的地
English around us
• According to the Traffic Performance
Index, which measures congestion on a scale of zero (smooth) to 10 (snarled), Beijing hit 8.5 during the evening rush hour on Wednesday and 9.1 on roads within Third Ring Road at 7 pm. • ----------China Daily
• 3.直译在保留源语言文化特征的同时也
促进了两种语言的交流和丰富发展。 一方面,直译使我们有机会接触更多 生动形象的外语表达、词汇、句法等 To pull sb’s chestnut out of the fire. To turn swords into ploughs.
• 另一方面,直译也是世界更多了解中国人的语
• 1. 意译用于翻译英汉两种语言中的大量
成语典故和谚语,避免译文太过复杂难 懂。由于文化的不同,有时有些成语典 故和谚语如果用直译的方式可能会让人 难以理解,这时就需要意译来发挥作用 了。
• 如: • 1)现在合同已签了,真是木已成舟,生
米煮成了熟饭,只好如此了。
2) Exporting to a certain number of countries is made difficult by the quantity of red tape. 3) He met his Waterloo.
言和智慧。
如:五十步笑百步 天下没有不散的筵席
• 4. 直译有时更为生动形象,也给读者留
下更深刻的印象。 有些修辞手法,如比喻、对比等,可 以使句子更为生动。这时,如果采用意 译,往往使其失去了本来的魅力。尤其 在广告的翻译中,直译很多时候产生很 好的效果。
• 如中国人民财产保险股份有限公司曾经的
• 2. 这家公司的总裁是一个老奸巨猾的家伙(意
译) • 3.这家公司的总经理是一位姓福克斯的老先生。 • (音译)
Homework on March 15,2016 • Please translate PPT which has
been not translated in class either in Chinese or in English (28 translation) • Please read page 21 on literal Translation, Free Translation and Transliteration to get more information.
音译 (tranliteration)
• • • • •
Democracy (得莫克拉西) Internationale(英特纳雄耐尔) Science (赛因斯(赛先生)) Macdonald (麦当劳) Jeep (吉普车)
• 直译,意译和音译 • The president of this company is an old Fox. • 1. 这家公司的老总是一个老狐狸(直译)
Unit 1 直译,意译和英译
• Literal Translation, Free Translation
&Transliteration
Problem in Text Presentation
• 1. some students didn’t prepare for it quite •
well.( at lease three times practice by yourself and with the group twice 2. Please notice the word explanation in English, then Chinese translation. 3.At least each para or two, you must raise a question for sts to answer. 4.Please notice make interaction with the sts. 5. Please show para translation.
做一做
• Speak the devil, she’s sure to come.
• Birds of feather flock together.
直译的优点
• 1.直译尽可能地忠实于原文,避免了
“越权”(ultra vires)的现象,也使得 读者能更好地理解原文。 • Eg. as timid as a hare
Exercise 1. Pandora’s box 2. Trojan horse 3. Judas kiss 4. shuttle diplomacy 5. to show one’s cards 6. to strike somebody when he is unprepared 7. be armed to the teeth. 8. as gay as a lark 9. All roads lead to Rome. 10. Practice makes perfect. 11. Speech is silver, silence is golden.
17. My master is dear to me, but still dearer is the truth.
18. Love is dearer to me than life, but for the sake of the success in the postgraduate entrance examinations, both of them may be ignored.
交通拥堵 早、晚高峰时段 进出城旅游季 公共交通 车牌摇号 尾号限行
• All of Beijing's highways, including the
airport expressways, will give free passage to small passenger cars during one of the longest-ever eight-day National Day holidays, which starts from Sept 30. • ----------China Daily
12. Cathy Hill plans to use lasers and computers to sell Saville Row quality at popular price. 13. It rains cats and dogs. 14. She is my Woman Friday. 15. Every dog has his day. 16. Beauty times brains equals a constant。
• 对于意译(Free Translation) ,张培基说:
“每一个民族语言都有它自己的词汇、句法结 构和表达方法。当原文的思想内容与译文的表 达形式有矛盾不宜采用直译法处理时,就应采 用意译法.”意译是在理解和消化了原文深层意 蕴的基础上,将原文的表层结构打破之后进行 重组。意译欲保留原文的内容而采用译文读者 容易接受或理解的语言形式。
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