2015考研英语强化班翻译辅导讲义(李群)

考研翻译（教材版）

一、翻译简介

1. 数据：5 10 4 20-25

2. 形式：英译汉

Q1: 英语一和英语二的区别？

Q2: 为什么不考汉译英？

汉译英的难点：______

四六级汉译英：瑰宝、皓月、辟邪

瑰宝：____________

皓月：____________

辟邪：____________

英译汉难点

(1)词汇

a. _________

millennium ____________

anthropology ___________

astrophysics ____________

b. _________

set ________

beef ________

duck _______

cause _______

school _______

moonlight _______

c. _________

mad cow disease ___________

swine flu ________________

hip replacement ___________

(2)语法结构：划分成分：主谓宾，定状补

例：2003.61 Furthermore, humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live, thus subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies.

(3)语言表达

a.通顺无语病

b.无扭曲原文

He is a birdman.

Check out that hot chick.

She is no more a spring chicken.

He is the last man that I want to see.

c.符合表达习惯

My mother always plans ahead.

Work hard and make progress everyday.

A leopard will not easily change its spots.

二、评分标准

1. 每句四个意群，每个意群0.5分

2. 每个意群有一个严重错误或两个基本错误，则该意群不得分

何为严重错误？

(1)________

blue movie

talk horse

Cast pearls before pigs.

(2)_________

the growing incidence of child abuse and child neglect

误：

正：

(3)_________

Everybody rises. If you have something to say, then say; if not, then go.

3. 一般错别字不扣分，严重错别字三个则该意群不得分

一般错别字：作为 —— ( )

严重错别字：

由于 —— ( )

鉴于 —— ( )

昌盛 —— ( )

三、解题步骤

1. ______：划分意群，逐个翻译

2. ______：组合成句，注意位置

Q: 碰到生词或多义词怎么办？——根据背景猜测，切勿空着

例1：His mother always complains and beefs about his future.

例2：We need a plan to address the problem of the homeless people.

注意：汉语和英语的区别

(1)汉语多动词，英语多名词

(2)汉语定语多前置，英语多后置

(3)汉语状语多前置，英语多后置

例1：2003.61

Furthermore, humans have the ability (1) to modify the environment (2) in which they live, (3) thus subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies. (4)

四、意群划分

1. _______

(1)并列句连词：

(2)状语从句连词：

2. _______

(1)关系代词：

(2)关系副词：

3. _______

4. _______

the girl crying = the girl who is crying

The boy fell off the tree, breaking his legs.

The singer entered the auditorium, followed by several bodyguards.

5. _______

6. _______

例2：2003.63

The emphasis on data gathered first-hand, (1) combined with a cross-cultural perspective (2) brought to the analysis of cultures past and present, (3) makes this study a unique and distinctly important social science. (4)

五、翻译技巧

(1)词法翻译

1. 专有名词的翻译

第一种方法：______

(1)人名：John —— 约翰 Nancy —— 南希

(2)名人：

Plato ——

Socrates ——

Aristotle ——

Shakespeare ——

Bacon ——

Darwin ——

Darwinism ——

第二种方法：_______

2. 多义词的翻译 —— 根据中文搭配习惯翻译

delicate a.纤弱的；细致的；精美的；微妙的；可口的

delicate girl __________________

delicate skin __________________