2012年学位英语考试试题
矿产资源开发利用方案编写内容要求及审查大纲
矿产资源开发利用方案编写内容要求及《矿产资源开发利用方案》审查大纲一、概述
㈠矿区位置、隶属关系和企业性质。
如为改扩建矿山, 应说明矿山现状、
特点及存在的主要问题。
㈡编制依据
(1简述项目前期工作进展情况及与有关方面对项目的意向性协议情况。
(2 列出开发利用方案编制所依据的主要基础性资料的名称。
如经储量管理部门认定的矿区地质勘探报告、选矿试验报告、加工利用试验报告、工程地质初评资料、矿区水文资料和供水资料等。
对改、扩建矿山应有生产实际资料, 如矿山总平面现状图、矿床开拓系统图、采场现状图和主要采选设备清单等。
二、矿产品需求现状和预测
㈠该矿产在国内需求情况和市场供应情况
1、矿产品现状及加工利用趋向。
2、国内近、远期的需求量及主要销向预测。
㈡产品价格分析
1、国内矿产品价格现状。
2、矿产品价格稳定性及变化趋势。
三、矿产资源概况
㈠矿区总体概况
1、矿区总体规划情况。
2、矿区矿产资源概况。
3、该设计与矿区总体开发的关系。
㈡该设计项目的资源概况
1、矿床地质及构造特征。
2、矿床开采技术条件及水文地质条件。
学位英语历年真题带答案12-05
成人本科学士学位英语统一考试2012年5月12日Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:The most famous collections of fairy tales (童话) are the ones by Jakob and Wilhelm Grimm. The Grimms published their first fairy-tale collection in 1812. They didn’t think they were writing for children. They thought they were preserving disappearing German folk culture. Their first edition (版本) was a scholarly book that carefully recorded the oral tales. They were surprised when some of their early readers suggested that the stories might be interesting to children.But the Grimms needed money. They had made a bad deal with their publisher and received little payment for their first book. At one point Wilhelm complained there wasn’t a chair in his house one could sit on without worrying it would break. So he took the hint and set to work to make a book that would be suitable for children. He selected a few of the tales, made them much longer, and polished up the language. He didn’t add morals, but he did slip in character judgments and moralizing comments wherever he could.The Grimms’ fairy tales also have one characteristic that would seem to make them unsuitable for children. Many of them inc lude violent incidents. In “Hansel and Gretel” an old woman is burned to death in an oven, and in “Little Red Riding Hood” a child is eaten by a wolf. When he revised the tales for children, Wilhelm Grimm retained the violence. In fact, he sometimes even ramped it up. For example, in the first edition of the tales, Cinderella forgives her sisters at the end. It’s only in the second edition, the one intended for children, that her birds peck (啄) out their eyes.Why, then, have the Grimms’ fairy tales become classics of children’s literature, so much so that it is hard to imagine a child who doesn’t know Cinderella’s story or Snow White’s?One answer is that only a few of the tales survived into modem times. The first edition of the Grimms’ fairy tale s had 210 tales. By 1825 it was down to 50. And today only a dozen or so of the tales are often reprinted in children’s collections.(76) But the deeper answer is that the tales that have lasted are magical adventures that help children deal with the struggles and fears of their everyday lives.1. Why did Wilhelm Grimm set out to adapt his book for children?A. To deal with readers’ complaints.B. To improve his financial situation.C. At the request of his publisher.D. To preserve the ancient stories in print.2. When revising the fairy tales, Wilhelm did all of the following EXCEPT .A. adding character judgmentsB. making the tales much longerC. deleting the violent scenesD. polishing up the language3. What does the expression “ramped it up” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Started.B. Allowed.C. Classified.D. Increased.4. Which of the following statements about the Grimms’ fairy tales is TRUEaccording to the passage?A. They were or iginally intended to be children’s stories.B. Generally speaking, the tales that have endured can help children deal with thechallenges life brings to them.C. A large number of the tales made it to the modem age.D. They are less violent th an the children’s stories being written today.5. What is the passage mainly concerned with?A. History of fairy tales.B. Ways to preserve the oral tradition.C. The Grimms’ fairy tales.D. Violence in fairy tales.Passage 2Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:. As the school year kicks off, parents are once again straggling to cajole (哄编)and, if need be, drag their exhausted teens out of bed. That image may make you laugh, but lack of sleep is no joke. (77) Teenagers w ho don’t get enough rest have more learning. health~ behavior and mood problems than students who get at least nine hours a night. Long-term lack of sleep is tied to heart disease, overweight, depression and a shortened life span in adults, indicating the importance of establishing good sleep habits early in life. Lack of sleep can be especially deadly for teens; car accidents are the leading cause of death among teenagers, and safety experts believe sleepy driving is a major factor.Unfortunately, few teenagers get the sleep they need. In a survey of middle- and high-school students, University of Colorado researchers found that 82 percent said they woke up tired and unrefreshed, and more than half had trouble concentrating during the day at least once a week.Blame multitasking for some of this. Many students are juggling after-school activities, homework and part-time jobs. Even when they manage to fulfill these obligations by a reasonable hour, television, the Internet, video games, phone calls and text messages to friends often keep them awake deep into the night. Taking soda and energy drinks late in the day and going to late-night parties on weekends add to sleep debt. Biology also works against teenagers’ sleep, The body’s internal clock, which controls when a person starts to feel tired, shifts after puberty (青春期), making it hard for most teens to fall asleep before 11 pm. Class usually begins before 8:15 am, with many high schools starting as early as 7:15 am. To get to school on time, most teens have to get up by 6:30 am, guaranteeing they’ll be sleep-deprived during the week. Teens often sleep much later on weekends to catch up, making it even harder to fallasleep on Sunday night and wake up Monday morning. Playing catch-up on weekends also doesn’t help teens stay refreshed when they need it most: during the week at school.Since the 1990s, middle and high schools in more than two dozen states have experimented with later school start times. (78) The results have been encouraging.’ more sleep, increased attendance, better grades and fewer driving accidents. But most schools still start early, meaning teens have their work cut out for them if they want to get enough sleep.6. According to the passage, poor sleep can be linked to all of the following EXCEPTA. heart diseaseB. car accidentsC. skin problemsD. poor concentration7. The main idea of Paragraph 3 isA. how sleep deprivation (缺乏) can be treatedB’ what causes sleep deprivationC. who is most at risk for sleep deprivationD. why sleep deprivation is a serious concern8. What does the word “juggling” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Dealing with at the same time.B. Striking a balance between.C. Applying for.D. Having difficulty in.9. Which of the following is NOT to blame for teenagers’ lack of sleep?A. Multitasking.B. Biological clock. :C. Weekend catch-up sleep.D. Healthy diet.10. According to the passage, what have some schools done to help their students get enough sleep?A. Educating their students about the importance of sleep.B. Monitoring their students’ late-night activities.C. Delaying school start times.D. Setting strict rules.Passage 3Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:As any middle-class parent knows, unpaid work experience can give youngsters a valuable introduction to a secure job. The government has recognized it too, abandoning rules in 2011 that had formerly stopped 16- to 24-year-o!ds from doing unpaid work while claiming unemployment benefit. But moving from that to forcing them to work without pay in order to collect these benefits has proved a big step.(79) More than one million young people in Britain are unemployed, the highest number since the mid-1980s. Keen both to cut the welfare bill and to avoid the depressed future wages that may result from early unemployment, the government has introduced an ambitious program of reform to get youngsters off welfare and into work.A key part of it is ensuring that no one gets benefit from the government for long; ministers are keen to avoid what happened after the early- 1980s recession (~/l/), when unemployment continued in some parts of the country for a long time after theeconomy began to improve.To help young people into work, ministers had persuaded lots of employers, including bakery chains, bookshops, and supermarkets, to take on unemployed youths, who receive work experience but no pay, with the prospect of a proper job for those who shine. (80) Some 35,000 youngsters participated last year; half found paid work soon after finishing the scheme.The idea of getting young adults used to showing up for work is popular with voters: according to a survey published in February, about 60% of people support the program. Equally attractive was the option of compelling them to work: Under the existing arrangements youngsters could choose whether or not to accept a place, but if they dropped out after the end of the first week, the y stood to lose up to two weeks’ benefits.Yet the scheme has also polarized (两极分化的) opinion: a third of people are consistently opposed. Following a noisy “Right to Work” campaign that accused employers of co-operating secretly with the government in “forced labor”, several firms dropped out of the program. To prevent this from getting worse, Chris Grayling, an employment minister, admitted that young people could leave their work experience at any time without being punished for doing so. This not only halted the flight of employers (for now, at least) but also enabled him to announce that new firms have agreed to take part in the program.11. According to the passage, young people in Britain .A. are used to showing up for workB. value unpaid work very muchC. are always opposed to unpaid workD. could learn something about job security through unpaid work12. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT TRUE?A. Most voters support the government’s effort to help yo ung people to find work.B. Some people protest against the government’s attempt to force young people towork.C. There are more than one million young people who took part in the program.D. There are more than one million young people who are jobless.13. According to the author, the British government is trying to .A. punish young people if they are not cooperating with itB. reform the unemployed youngstersC. avoid the economic slowdownD. reduce welfare spending14. The word “shine” in Paragraph 3 means““.A. do wellB. reflect lightC. look happyD. produce light15. Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?A. Enjoy Work Without PayB. Can Work, Won’t WorkC. Should Work, Shouldn’t PlayD. Hate Work or Love WorkPart II Vocabulary and Structure (30%)Directions: In this part there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.16. Please give Jim the schedule for tomorrow’s conference when he back. He is to chair the conference.A. will comeB. comeC. comesD. came17. five minutes earlier, you would not have missed the last train for Shanghai, but you were late.A. Had you comeB. Do you comeC. Did you comeD. Should you come18. After he worked out the solution, appeared a smile on his face.A. itB. hereC. whatD. there19. the former president’s supporters went out in streets to express their anger and dissatisfaction.A. A small amount ofB. A large number ofC. A little bit ofD. A great deal of20. To b e honest, today’s dinner was just so-so. It wasn’t such a good one promised by the boss.A. thatB. whichC. asD. what21. So many people ______ the meeting had to be put off.A. being absentB. to be absentC. were absentD. had been absent22. We often advise him not to drink more is good for his health.A. asB. thatC. thanD. but23. —Did Charles vote in the last election?—No, he wasn’t.A. enough old thenB. then enough oldC. old then enoughD. old enough then24. By no means look down on those who are less lucky in life than we are.A. we shouldB. should weC. we should notD. should we not25. He didn’t feel like that day so he stayed indoors reading.A. workingB. worksC. to workD. worked26. No sooner had we started on the road it began to rain.A. whenB. thanC. thenD. whenever27. He decided to go for a sailing holiday the fact that he was usually Seasick (晕船).A. because ofB. in spite ofC. in case ofD. as a result of28. What you do in your spare time is your own . However it should not be harmful to others.A. businessB. purchaseC. bargainD. sale29. As a gardener, Jim has to water the flowers and the grass in the garden every morning.A. trimB. improveC. refineD. repair30. The firemen are still the small fires started by the plane crash.A. taking offB. setting asideC. getting along withD. putting out31. He didn’t live up to had been expected of him.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. all32. The old couple decided to a boy and a girl though they had three of their own.A. adaptB. bringC. receiveD. adopt33. The relationship between employers and employees has been studied .A. originallyB. extremelyC. violentlyD. intensively34. The car halfway for no reason.A. broke offB. broke downC. broke upD. broke out35. The police that he committed a series of crimes in the north of the city.A. swelledB. submittedC. surveyedD. suspected36. The manager lost his just because his secretary was ten minutes late.A. moodB. temperC. mindD. passion37. We gave out a cheer when the red roof of the cottage came view.A. fromB. inC. beforeD. into38. I have kept that portrait I can see it every day, as it always reminds me ofmy university days in London.A. whichB. whereC. whetherD. when39. The room is in a terrible mess; it cleaned.A. can’t have beenB. mus tn’t have beenC. shouldn’t have beenD. wouldn’t have been40. You see the lightning it happens, but you hear the thunder later.A. the instantB. for an instantC. on the instantD. in an instant41. it or not, his discovery has created a stir in scientific circles.A. BelieveB. To believeC. BelievingD. Believed42. The medicine is on sale everywhere. You can get it at ch emist’s.A. otherB. someC. certainD. any43. Your hair wants . You’d better have it done tomorrow.A. cutB. to cutC. cuttingD. being cut44. I don’t think it advisable that Tom to the job since he has no experience.A. be assignedB. will be assignedC. is assignedD. has been assigned45. The goals he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.A. after whichB. with whichC. for whichD. at whichPart III Identification (10%)Directions: Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A, B, C and D. Identify the one that is not correct. Then blacken the corresponding letter on theAnswer Sheet.46. The sun gives off light and warmth, that makes it possible for plants to grow.A B C D47. Sand painting has also called dry or earth painting and is practiced byA B Cseveral American Indian artists.D48. Humans, like many other animals, are warm-blooded with a fairly constantlyA B C Dbody temperature.49. Now that the stress of examinations and interviews are over, we can all relaxA B C Dfor a while.50. The tallest of the twins went to search for the missing jewels, the picture ofA Bwhich you saw in today’s newspaper.C D51. They are going to have the serviceman to be installed an electric fan in theA B C Doffice tomorrow.52. Only under special circumstances freshmen are permitted to take make-up tests.A B C D53. It’s already 5 o’clock now. Don’t you think it’s about time we are going home?A B C D54. Despite the wonderful acting and well-developed plot the three-hours’ movieA B Ccould not hold our attention.D55. People appreciate to have worked with him because he has a good sense ofA B Chumor.DPartly Cloze (10%)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage, and for each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D at the end of the passage. You should choose ONE answer that best fits into the passage. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.By the time I finished high school, my interest in animals had grown, and I enrolled at a university to study biology. I learned soon enough that studying animals 56 this level was not in the animals’ best 57. I remember one midterm exam in 58 each student was handed a large, freshly-killed frog and 59 to dissect (解剖)and mark a set of body parts. I looked at the 60 frog in front of me and was saddened that her life was 61 away for such a slight 62.A year later, in the same lab 63 I dissected the frog, I performed a small act of animal 64. We were 65 on fruit flies, and it was time to record the distribution of characteristics in their next generation. Flies were 66 in small plastic bottles. Counting the number of flies with white or red eyes required first exposing them to ether (乙醚) 67 they could not move. The flies were then spread onto a piece of white paper 68 and counted. When the data collection was 69 , the flies had no further use, and our instructions were to 70 them into a small glass dish of oil at the center of each desk, which was to be their final resting 71.Once my little pile of flies had been counted, I pushed them off the edge of the paper. As we recorded our data, I kept one eye 72 them. Within minutes the pile was humming (嗡嗡叫) as tiny legs and wings beat their way out of the ether fog. I was extremely excited as they 73 flight. That was my first 74 in refusing to conduct scientific research that treated nonhuman life in a(n) 75 way.56. A. at B, withC. forD. off57. A. duties B. interestsC. ratesD. hobbies58. A. what B. thatC, where D. which59. A. dismissed B. drawnC. instructedD. mended60. A. alive B, dead ~C. livingD. wounded61. A. made B. broughtC. takenD. passed62. A. reason B. spiritC. spaceD. system63. A. that B. whichC. whatD. where64. A. operation B. liberationC. tendencyD. wealth65. A. experimenting B. strengtheningC. stimulatingD. substituting66. A. solved B. soakedC. recoveredD. kept67. A. while B. becauseC. in caseD. so that68. A. being examined B. to be examinedC. being operated D- to be operated69. A. preliminary B. progressiveC. completeD. curious70. A. put B. raiseC. rouse D, spoil71.A. shade B. shadowC. placeD. stuff72. A. for B. withC. atD. on73. A. stood B. tookC. sentD. rode74, A. step B. reviewC. glanceD. gesture75. A. kind B. generousC. cruelD. effectivePart V Translation (20%)Section ADirections: In this part there are five sentences which you should translate into Chinese These sentences are all taken from the 3 passages you have just read in Reading Comprehension. You can refer back to the passages to identify their meanings in the context.76. But the deeper answer is that the tales that have lasted are magical adventures that help children deal with the struggles and fears of their everyday lives.77. Teenagers who don’t get enough rest have more learning, health, behavior and mood problems than students who get at least nine hours a night.78. The results have been encouraging: more sleep, increased attendance, better grades and fewer driving accidents.79. More than one million young people in Britain are unemployed, the highest number since the mid-1980s.80. Some 35,000 youngsters participated last year; half found paid work soon after finishing the scheme.Section BDirections: In this part there are five sentences in Chinese. You should translate them into English. Be sure to write clearly.81．昨天，我坐在办公室写报告时，小明从英国打电话过来了。
2012年11月北京成人本科学位英语考试真题
2012.11北京成人本科学士学位英语考试真题及答案PartⅠ Reading Comprehension (30%) Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer sheet。
Passage 1 Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage : It seems like every day there's some new research about whether our favorite drinks are good for us ,(76)One day ,science says a glass of red wine a day will help us live longer The next day ,maybe not It seems journalists are pretty interested in wine research and the same might be said for coffee .Now there's been a lot of research into whether coffee's good for our health "the results have really been mixed", admits Neal freedman who led the coffee study and published his findings in a medical journal recently."There's been some evidence that coffee might increase the risk of certain diseases and there's also been maybe more recent evidence that coffee may protect against other diseases as well"。
2012年5月12日北京地区学位英语考试真题答案解析
2012年5月12日北京地区成人本科学士学位英语考试真题答案与解析第一部分阅读理解第一篇阅读一、文章大意与结构分析这篇文章主要讲述格林童话的由来、它的暴力性使得有些故事少儿不宜、以及即便它有这种负面效应但仍然成为经典的原因。
二、试题解析1.【答案】B。
细节题。
根据第二段But the Grimms needed money. So he took the hint and set to work to make a book that would be suitable for children.。
可知Grimm家是因为缺钱而去为儿童写书，因此选择B。
2. 【答案】C。
细节题。
根据第三段When he revised the tales for children, Wilhelm Grimm retained(保留) the violence，可知选项C错。
3. 【答案】D。
词汇解释题。
根据第三段From example后面几句话的描述，在第一个版里，Cinderella最终原谅了她的姐妹们。
但是在专门写给孩子们看的第二版里，Cinderella的鸟把她姐妹们的眼睛啄下来了。
可知是增加了暴力性。
4. 【答案】B。
细节题。
根据文章最后一句，延续下来的童话是一些奇幻的冒险，这些冒险的经历能帮助孩子们应付日常生活中的恐惧和挣扎。
5. 【答案】C。
主旨题。
全文都是围绕格林童话展开的。
A、D概念太宽泛，B只有在第一段里才提到。
三、长难句分析1. But the deeper answer is that the tales that have lasted are magical adventures that help children deal with the struggles and fears of their everyday lives. 但是深层次的原因是延续下来的童话是一些奇幻的探险故事，当儿童们在日常生活中害怕和挣扎的时候，这些故事能给他们带来勇气。
2012年学位课英语试题
2012年学位课英语试题（A卷）PAPER ONEPart I Listening Comprehension (25 minutes, 20 points)Section A ( 1 point each)1. A. He is pretty comfortable in this kind of setting.B. He is not at ease when seeing her.C. He is not used to the current surroundings.D. He rarely feels shy in unfamiliar places.2. A. Waiter and customer B Husband and wife.C. Boss and secretaryD. Doctor and patient3. A. They went to see a movie.B. They had a heated quarrel.C. They ended their relationship.D. They changed their plan.4. A. At a coffee shop. B In the street C. At one‟s home D. In a restaurant5. A. She prefers to go shopping with him.B. She does not want to eat out.C. She is in a bad mood today.D. She wants to enjoy the perfect weather.6. A. Tuesday and Friday B Wednesday and ThursdayC. Monday and SaturdayD. Saturday and Sunday7. A The man always makes wise decision.B. Jane may not be able to do the job very well.C. Jane knows how to run a chain store.D. The man really likes the book cover.8. A. The woman needs to arrive earlier.B. The man has to delay his departure.C. The woman dislikes air travel.D. The man has some extra work tomorrow.9. A. Double major in both business and psychology.B. Major in business and minor in psychology.C Drop business or psychologyD. Choose two closely related majors.Section B ( 1point each)Mini-talk One10. A. It represents the bride‟s link to her family and the past.B. It represents support of the bride‟s family and friends.C. It‟s a symbol of good luck and success.D. It‟s a symbol of good health.11. A. Wealth and health B. Protection against evilC Loyalty and purity D. A remainder of the past12. A Wearing something new B Wearing blue items.C. Wearing something borrowed D Wearing a silver sixpence in a shoe Mini-talk Two13. A. They are facing budget deficit.B. They are giving more weight to academic study.C. They are conducing observational studies.D. They are shortening school hours.14. A. Because being active is the cause of higher grades.B. Because the amount of activity required is just right.C. Because they help students learn to follow rules in class.D. Because they can arouse students‟ curiosity.15. A. Whether there is difference between school subjects.B. Whether physical activity is linked to academic performance.C. Whether a comparison should be made with the control.D. Whether the amount of activity affects academic performance.Section C ( 1 point each)16. To keep your sensitive information safe, your job is to create a password that is very ____( 3 words)17. Your password should not ____( 2 words) about you.18. Consider this: in addition to ___(2 words) , phrases can also be easy to remember.19. This password could still be stronger by adding upper-class letters, numbers or ____(2 words)20. Always remember to ____(3 words) each site you visit on a computer that isn‟t yours.Part II Vocabulary (10 minutes, 10 points)Section A (0.5 point each)21. Facebook‟s top executives are eligible for twice-a-year bonuses of up to 45 percent of their base salaries.A optionalB qualifiedC desirableD casual22. Ways have to be found to accommodate the special needs of these left-behind children in rural areas.A. satisfy B occupy C alter D host23. The number of people with Alzheimer‟s disease in the United States is projected to more than double by 2050.A devisedB thrustC estimatedD encountered24. My supervisor, gentle and friendly, made me feel at ease from the first meeting with him.A. at large B at length C at random D at home25. I searched the library to see what I could learn about the massacre, but nothing turned up.A was recommendedB was foundC was understoodD was clarified.26. Geraldine Ferraro said that whoever coined the term ObamaCare was brilliant.A came uponB broke downC made upD drew on27. Upon learning that his mother was gravely ill, he wasted no time getting to the hospital.A suddenlyB moderatelyC seriouslyD genetically28. It requires uncompromising efforts to develop these residences into true homes for our underprivileged citizens.A unproductiveB unyieldingC uninvitingD unintentional29. Snow is not predicted for today; we can expect some rain, though.A althoughB thereforeC yetD however30. At that time, there was a wealth of evidence that Japan was planning war in the Pacific.A abundantB valuableC expensiveD priceless.Section B (0.5 point each)31. This old man developed nerve damage to his brain, _____ him nearly disabled.A leavingB keepingC allowingD causing32. These discoveries have opened up new ____ in the field of cancer research.A rainbowsB horizonsC altitudeD paradoxes33. Some politicians in Japan still believe that the Nanjing Massacre is nothing but a ___.A novelB flawC truthD myth34. Many people choose to be honest when creating their online ____ to make future dating easier.A pretextsB prepositionsC profilesD protests35. Several large studies have found ____ lower odds of heart disease among regular nut eaters.A confidentlyB consistentlyC conceptuallyD contemptuously36. The boss needs a workout program that perfectly ____ his busy schedule.A turns intoB falls intoC looks intoD fits into37. A glimpse ___our solar system reveals the neighborhood outside the sun‟s influence is stranger than expected.A intoB atC byD beyond38. It has never ____ to me that an intimate knowledge of English grammar can be so useful .A occurredB happenedC turnedD conformed39. The FDA is expected to require safety studies on e-cigarettes and ____ their use.A regulateB recollectC reboundD rehearse40. Teenagers can become ____ and hard to handle if every single decision is taken away from them.A obedientB cooperativeC rebelliousD aestheticPart III Cloze Test (10 minutes, 10 points, 1 point each)“A better, richer and happier life for all our citizens.” That‟s the American __41__ . In practice, it means living in a spacious, air-conditional house, owning a car or three or maybe a boat or a holiday home, not to mention flying off to __42__ destinations. The trouble __43__ this lifestyle is that it consumes a lot of power. If everyone in the world started living like wealthy Americans, we __44__ need to generate morethan 10 times __45__ energy each year. And __46__ , in a century or three, we all expect to be __47__ by an army of robots and fly into space on holidays, we are going to need a vast amount more. Where are we going to get so much power from?It is a clear that continuing to rely on __48__ fuels will have catastrophic results, because of the dramatic warming effect of carbon dioxide. But alternative power sources will affect the climate too. For now, the climatic effects of “clean energy”sources are trivial __49__ those from greenhouse gases, but if we keep on using ever more power over the coming centuries, they will become ever more __50___.41.A. constitution B. dream C history D character42.A. exotic B. patriotic C. supersonic D. alcoholic43.A. on B. for C. at D with44.A shall B will C should D would45.A much more B more than C as much D of more46.A if B though C while D so47.A taken to B attended to C attached to D submitted to48.A rock B stone C fossil D diamond49.A according to B based on C such as D compared with50.A significant B imperative C indispensable D negligiblePart IV Reading Comprehension ( 45 minutes, 1 point each )Passage OneAs many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can‟t remember where we put the keys just a moment ago or an old acquaintances‟ name. as the brain fades, we refer to these occurrences as “senior moments”. While seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a detrimental impact on our professional, social, and personal well-being.Neuroscientists are increasingly showing that there‟s actually a lot that can be done. It turns out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental workouts can significantly improve our basic cognitive functions. Thinking is essentially a process of making neural connections in the brain. Because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate according to mental efforts.A new company has taken it a step further and developed the first “brain training program”, called Lumosity, to actually help people improve and regain their mental sharpness. Lumosity is far more than an online place to exercise your mental skills. That‟s because they have integrated these exercises into a Web-based program that allows you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps track of your progress and provides detailed feedback on your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it constantly modifies and enhances the games you play to build on the strengths you are developing---much like an effective exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.Apparently it works. In randomized, controlled clinical trials Lumosity was shown to significantly improve basic cognitive functions. One study showed studentsimproved their scores on math tests by 34 percent after using Lumosity for six weeks. The company says its users have reported clearer and quicker thinking, improved memory, increased alertness and awareness, elevated mood, and better concentration at work or while driving.While many of the games at Lumosity are free, a modest subscription fee is required to use the full program over the long term. However, Lumosity is currently offering a free trial of their program to new users so that you can see how well it works before you decide to subscribe. The company believes the results will speak for themselves.51.What can we learn about “senior moments”?A.They are nothing to be worried about.B.They happen to each middle-aged person.C.They mostly happen to the elders.D.They are signs of declining memory.52.Neuroscientists are beginning to find that ________A.cognitive functions can be improved by mental effort.B.Intelligence varies with the amount of physical exercise.C.“senior moments” are quite useful at work .D.Our brain and muscles should be trained differently.53.From paragraph 3, it can be concluded that Lumosity _____.A.is just an online place to exercise your mental skills.B.requires the users to keep doing the same games.C.is a set of exercises intended for the mentally-retarded.D.can help users make improvement in the brain.54.Clinical trials have proved that Lumosity _____A.is better than reported B is highly effective and beneficial.B.should be under strict control D leaves much to be desired.55.Which of the following statements is true about Lumosity?A.Access to these games is quite expensive.B.Chronic users have to pay for the access to the games.C.All the games at Lumosity are free of charge.D.Access to the games is limited to subscribers.56.The main purpose in writing this passage is to _____A.present the new findings of neuroscientists.B.remind the middle-aged to take physical exercise.C.describe how Lumosity came into being.D.introduce how braining training makes your smarter.Passage TwoAccording to psychology professor Carol Dweck of Stanford University, “Praising children for being smart can backfire.” If this doesn‟t get the attention of Millennium parents, I‟m not sure what will.It is my observation that so many parents today believe that if their child appears to be the least bit “advanced” for his age, he‟s destined to be the next Albert Einstein,Tiger Woods, or Bill Gates. It‟s human nature for mom and dad to show much admiration for their child and dish out praise for accomplishments achieved. The problem is, according to this study, parents may not be doing the best thing by praising their child for his intelligence.Dweck‟s research involved junior high students in New York and concluded that “classroom performance improved when her study subjects believed the brain is like a muscle that can grow.”Students who “focuses on the learning process (effort, concentration or strategies used) asked for feedback and did better in all subjects.”Feedback such as, …You did well because you worked so hard‟ or …You used so many descriptive words to make this story interesting‟can encourage children to try new things, as they are being rewarded for their effort. When the …time and effort‟ strategy is being positively reinforced, the child will probably use the same strategy next time they are learning something. Over time new strategies can be introduced, so the child‟s repertoire of strategies is broadened.Dweck goes on to say that “they(students who improved) performed better because their success was being measured by effort, not by test scores or grades.”Parents should praise effort, not just results. Children who received praise about their innate abilities (talents or strengths) had less chance of trying new things and became anxious and under performed as things became more difficult. That is one of the greatest dangers to continually praising children for whatever they do in order to falsely raise a child‟s self-esteem.What are mom and dad to do? Offer genuine praise and encouragement for effort and successes, but balance this with setting appropriate expectations and following up with consequences when the child falls short due to laziness. Don‟t make excuses. Your child will better face the challenges life had to offer in the future when you as a parent recognize the efforts he is making today.57.The underlined word “backfire” in the first paragraph probably means ____A.create some miracles.B.produce an undesirable resultC.be negligible to some extentD.be motivating and inspiring.58.Which of the following can be considered proper feedback?A.You did really well on this spelling test, you must have spent hours practicingyour words.B.Oh, honey, you‟re so smart----that failing grade won‟t matter anyway.C.This is a wonderful paintings. What a great artist you are!D.You did really well on this spelling test, you are very clever.59.A child who is praised for his effort and strategy is likely to ____A have his learning strategies increased.B feel inferior to the smart children.C. have falsely high self-esteem.D. expect more praise and encouragement.60. Praising a child for his talent may ________A. encourage him to try new things.B. motivate him to greater efforts.C. leave him less prepared for challenges.D. put his life at risk in case of failure61. The author‟s advice to parents is ___A. to expose the child to greater challenges.B. not to expect too much of a child.C. to forbid the child to make any excuses.D. to combine praise with constructive criticism.62. Which of the following can be a proper title for this passage?A. Never Praise Your Child for Any of His Achievement.B. Praise Your Child, But Not for Being SmartC. How to Reward a Child for His EffortD. Praise---- A Must for the Child‟s Future.Passage ThreeAs a new matchmaker, internet dating sites promise two cutting edges: a vastly greater choice of potential partners and scientifically proven way of matching suitable people together.The greater choice is unarguable. But does it lead to better outcomes? And do the “scientifically tested methods”actually work? These are the questions asked by a team of psychologists led by Eli Finkel.The researchers‟ first observation is how any of the much-boasted partner-matching methods actually works. Many firms preserve their intellectual property as trade secrets, and there is no reason why internet dating sites should not be among them. But this renders claims of effectiveness impossible to test objectively. There is thus no independent scientific evidence that any of these methods does enhance the chance of their hitting it off when they meet.It is possible to test the value of a claim that they match people with compatible personality traits. However, Dr Dyrenforth asked more than 20,000 people about their relationships and assessed their personalities. Members of couples with similar personalities were indeed happier than those without. But the difference was just 0.5%.Surely, the chances of finding that magic other are increased by the second thing internet dating brings: a multitude of choice. But here, too, things are not as simple as they might seem.An assumption behind all consumer decisions is that what people think they want is what they actually need. And the data suggest people are not good at knowing what they want. One of Dr Finkel‟s own studies showed that when they are engaged in speed dating, people‟s stated preferences at the beginning of the process do not well match the characters of the individuals they actually like. When faced with abundant choices, people pay less attention to characteristics that require thinking and conversation to evaluate and more to matters physical. Choice, in other words, dulls the critical faculties.Finkel‟s conclusion is that love is as hard to find on the internet as elsewhere. Youmay be just as likely to luck out in the local café, or by acting on the impulse to stop and talk to that stranger on the street whose glance you caught, as you are by clicking away with a mouse and hoping that, one day, Cupid‟s arrow will strike.63. The effectiveness of the dating sites is difficult to verify scientifically because they ____A. keep their intellectual property secret.B. have two cutting edges.C. adopt strange matching methodsD. are good at deception as evidenced.64. The expression “hit it off” in Paragraph 3 probably means ____A. say goodbye B get along well C get hurt D dislike each other65. Dr. Dyrenforth found that couples with different personalities ____A were much less happy than those with similar personalities.B. were more likely to divorce than those with similar personalities.C were almost as happy as those with similar personalities.D. were must happier than those with similar personalities.66. According to Paragraph 6, the abundance of choices offered by the dating sites ____A can increase the chance of finding ideal partners.B helps people to become better aware of what they want.C divert attention from other mental qualitiesD leads to exclusive concern with one‟s appearance67. Finkel‟s conclusion is that ______A. it is impossible to find true love on the Internet wherever you are.B.you are as likely to find love through chance encounters as via the Internet.C. you are more likely to find love through these online dating sites.D. you can find love more easily by talking to a stranger on the street.68. The researchers‟ attitude towards these Internet dating sites is ____A suspicionB confidenceC objectionD recommendationPassage FourMany countries have made it illegal to talk into a hand-held mobile phone while driving. But the latest research provides further confirmation that the danger lies less in what a motorist‟s hands do when he takes a call than in what the conversation does to his brain. Even using a “hands-free” device can impair a driver‟s attention to an alarming extent.Melina Kunar of the University of Warwick and Todd Horowitz of the Harvard Medical School ran a series of experiments in which two groups of volunteers had to pay attention and respond to a series of moving tasks on a computer screen that were reckoned equivalent in difficulty to driving. One group was left undistracted while the other had to engage in a conversation about their hobbies using a speakerphone. As Dr Kunar and Dr. Horowitz report in Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, those who were making the equivalent of a hands-free call had an average reaction time 212 milliseconds slower than those who were not. That, they calculate, would add 5.7meters to the braking distance of a car traveling at 100kph. They found that the group using the hands-free kit made 83 percent more errors in their tasks than those who were not talking.They also explored the effect of simply listening to something ---- such as a radio program. For this they played a recording of the first chapter of Bram Stoker‟s “Dracula”. Even though the test subjects were told to pay attention because they would be asked questions about the story afterwards, it had little effect on their reaction times. Dr.Kunar reckons that having to think about responses during a phone conversation competes for the brain‟s resources in a way that listening to a monologue does not. The research led by Frank Drews of the University of Utah suggests the same thing is true of the idle chatter of a passenger.Punishing people for using hand-held gadgets while driving is difficult enough, even though they can be seen from outside the car. Stopping people making hands-free calls would probably be impossible ---- especially because more and more vehicles are now being fitted with the necessary equipment as standard. Persuading people to switch their phones off altogether when they get behind the wheel might be the only answer. Who knows, they might even come to enjoy not having to take calls. And they‟ll be likelier to arrive in one piece.69. Which body part is most affected by talking into a cell phone when driving?A. Hands B Feet C Eyes D The brain70. In Kunar and Horowitz‟s experiments, the subjects who performed tasks while talking ____A. reacted more quickly and made fewer mistakes.B reacted more quickly, but made more mistakes.C. reacted more slowly, but made fewer mistakes.D. reacted more slowly, and made more mistakes.71. According to Frank Drews, listening to a passenger talking ____A affects drivers more than a phone conversation.B affects drivers more than listening to a story .C has less effect on the drivers than a phone conversation.D has less effect on the drivers than listening to a story.72 The law forbidding the use of hand-held phones when driving ____A is necessary and feasibleB has been frequently brokenC will arouse heated debateD has been widely observed.73. The best hope of stopping people using hands-free phones lies with ____A the lawmakersB car manufacturersC drivers themselvesD new technology74. The purpose of the passage is to ________A inform people of the danger of using phones while driving.B call on lawmakers to make new road laws on the use of cell phonesC offer suggestions for drivers who use cell phones while driving.D weigh the benefits and harms of using phones when driving.Passage FiveIn these times of fast media and ever-growing Internet, we are under so many external influences that it is anything but easy to think for ourselves. Unless you are a cunning, very aware person, you most likely don‟t even know when your thinking is not your own.Not that all outside influence is bad to forming your own views, but being unable to think for yourself can make you miserable at best, or a puppet of someone else‟s programming, at worst.Admittedly, we are all born into societies or cultures where the norms and customs are already established. We have little choice but to conform to what is already in place. This is not necessarily a bad thing. However, it can be confining and controlling if we accept everything blindly and never question the status quo.Does this mean all of your ideas can be original and unlike everyone else‟s? Not at all!Nor does it require being contrary and argumentative just to be defiant or stand out. To think for yourself means that whatever opinions you hold will be well thought out and arise from thorough investigation and thoughtful analysis. It means choosing to not compromise the facts for the sake of consensus or fitting in. It is not unlike critical thinking ---- it just brings about a broader scope of choices and decision-making in your life.For example, how many of us feel the need to keep up with …the latest‟? We wear clothes, listen to music and follow trends that the media tells us we should in order to be cool. Marketing companies create ads that tempt us into a herd mentality as we fall into debt, wear fashions that are unbecoming, and get caught up in a cycle of over-spending and then stressing out over it. We are living lives designed for us by the powers without our conscious participation.Another trap we fall into when we don‟t think for ourselves is groupthink. Groupthink is a psychological phenomenon that takes place within a group of people who try to avoid conflict and reach agreement without critically evaluating options or alternative ideas. The problem with groupthink is that it hinders finding the best solutions, impedes creative ideas and frustrates independent thinking. Wanting to be part of the crowd can certainly have its drawback!75. It can be learned from the first paragraph that _____A. it is necessary to take one‟s own interest into considerationB a clever person is always obedient and unselfish.C. independent thinking doesn‟t come easily to us.D the Internet has made humans more thoughtful.76. Trying to conform to established ideas ___A. is something you can easily avoid doingB is sometimes what we can‟t help doing.C can seldom do any good to you.D rarely happens in modern society.77. The ability to think for yourself means that ______A. your ideas have to be novel and unique.B your should never use critical thinking.C you should try to be defiant and well-known.D your opinions are based on facts and contemplation78. Paragraph 6 is mainly concerned with ____A. what we must do to learn to think for ourselves.B. the prevalent outside influence on our lives.C. the numerous mistakes we make in daily life.D. the negative impact of TV commercials on us.79. From the last paragraph, it can be concluded that groupthink ____A. can lead to the loss of individual creativity.B contributes little to group harmony and cohesion.C cares about alternative or different ideas .D encourages independent thinking eventually.80. The purpose in writing this passage is to ____A define what is independent thinking .B tell us how to develop original ideas.C describe the consequence of groupthink.D. urges people to think for themselves.Paper TwoPart V Translation (30 minutes, 20 points)Section A ( 15 minutes, 10 pointes)Excessive dependence on automobiles has profound negative impacts on human health: decreased opportunities for physical activity, increased exposure to air pollution, raised vulnerability to chronic diseases and the mounting incidence of traffic crashes that alone cost a staggering $180 billion. The determination of the magnitude of the health impact is notoriously so tricky as to end up with an astronomical figure probably. No calculation can be complete without formulating practical standards or models for estimating health costs. Costs associated with obesity, breathing illness, and injuries are evidenced by research. Growing recognition of the close connection between transportation, social cohesion and health has resulted in some studies that have achieved compelling findings.Section B( 15 minutes, 10 points)在21世纪，全球化和数字化已经把世界变成地球村。
2012年北京英语学士学位考试卷及答案
2012年5月北京学位英语试题和答案2012年05月12日Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet。
Passage 1Questions I to 5 are based on the following passage:Spending 50 minutes with a cell phone close to your ear is enough to change brain cell activity in the part of the brain closest to the antenna(天线).But whether that causes any harm is not clear, scientists at the National Institute of Health said at a conference last month, adding that the study will not likely settle concerns of a link between cell phones and brain cancer.―What we showed is glucose (葡萄糖) metabolism(代谢)(a sign of brain activity)increases in the brain in people who were exposed to a cell phone in the area closest to the antenna,‖ said Dr. Nora Volkow of the NIH, whose study wa s published in the Journal of the American Medical Association. (76) The study was meant to examine how the brain reacts to electromagnetic fields caused by wireless phone signals。
2012年考题(解析版)
2012年学位英语考试考题Part I Reading ComprehensionPassage 1【1-5 BCBAD】For centuries Dutch engineers have been fighting a war against water. Their main enemy is the sea. A large part of the country is below sea level. In fact, Holland is also called the “Netherlands” which means “low land.” Very tall and strong walls, called dykes, have built to keep out the sea. But in very rough weather the sea may suddenly burst through a dyke. Great damage can be caused by floods when this happens.Three large rivers are also part of the problem. These rivers are the Rhine, the Maas and the Scheldt. They flow through Holland into the North Sea. They have cut many passages across the country. At low tides, the rivers flow into the sea as usual. But at high tide, the sea can flow into the rivers! This is because the land is so low.The battles against the water never end, but they have made Holland a bigger and bigger country. In order to prevent floods, the engineers take or reclaim land that was under water. The Dutch have been reclaiming land for seven hundred years.Land is usually reclaimed from a passage between islands. Two dykes are built across the passage, so they block the water between them. Then the engineers dig long canals and pump the water into them. At low tide, the canals empty the water into the sea.Because the land is so low, water from the sea and rivers can rise up through the ground. For this reason, the pumps continue working even the land has been drained (that is, when the water has been pumped away). The dykes contain gates, and through these the water is pumped out. In many parts of Holland, pumps must be working all the time. If they stopped, there will be very bad floods.1. Water is the main threat to Holland because ____.A. the sea is too roughB. the land is lower than the seaC. the high and strong dykes can not keep the floods outD. the weather is too rough1.【答案】B第一段中提到：Their main enemy is the sea. A large part of the country is below sea level.他们主要的敌人就是海洋。
2012年学位英语考试试题
广西师范大学2012年非英语专业研究生学位英语考试试卷（2012年6月）Part I Reading Comprehension (共30分，每小题2分) Directions: There are 3 passages in this part. At the end of each passage, five questions will be asked about it.For the first three passages, you should read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide on the best choice.Passage OneThere are different ideas about pets in different parts of the world. In most culture, animals are in a worse position than human beings. In some cases, however, people treat their pets like members of their families, or perhaps better. In the United States and Europe, there are special shops that sell clothing and food for cats and dogs.In many countries of the world, there is special food for pets. It is common for big markets in many places to sell cat food and dog food. However, in a small town in France, there is a special restaurant for dogs. Dogs are the only customers. There is seating for twenty of them. The dogs choose from a variety of dishes on the menu.Of course, in most parts of the world, pets don't live in such wealth and comfort. People treat their pets in a more practical way. People own cats and dogs because they keep away mice and other unwanted animals. Owners have some loving feelings for their pets, but they do not see them as equal to family members. In most places in the world, there isn't any special clothing or fine food for animals. There aren't any special restaurants for dogs.Pets around the world live in a great variety of ways, just as people do.1. According to the passage, in most cultures ______________________________.A. animals are in a worse position than human beingsB. people treat their pets like members of their familiesC. there are special shops that sell clothing for dogs and catsD. pets such as dogs and cats are very popular2. According to the passage, there are ______________________________.A. clothing shops for dogs and cats in the United States and EuropeB. restaurants for dogs in every city in FranceC. no dogs or cats that wear clothingD. some people who treat their pets far better than they treat themselves3. For many people, pets may have a more practical function because________________.A. pets are often useful companions for old peopleB. cats and dogs can be used to keep away miceC. pets can sometimes be sold to make moneyD. some pets may show loving feelings for their owners.4. What might you think after reading this passage?A. Dogs and cats like to wear expensive clothing.B. Many people visit the dog restaurant in France.C. People in every part of the world like to buy fine clothing for their pets.D. In some cases, animals have better food and clothing than people.5. The main idea of this reading passage is ____________________________.A. Dogs enjoy fine restaurantsB. A rich cat can afford to go to any restaurantC. People treat pets in very different ways in different parts of the worldD. It is stupid to have special food and clothing for animalsPassage TwoFriends play an important part in our lives. And while we may get along well with a number of people, we can only be friends with very few. The average student, for example, has about 6 friends.Most people spend time with others they like, but still the degree of intimacy between them and the reasons for their shared interest vary enormously. As we get to know people, we take into account things like age, race, economic condition, social position, and intelligence. Although these factors are not of prime importance, it is more difficult to get along with people when there is a marked difference in age and background.Many friends avoid argument. It is usual for close friends to have similar ideas and beliefs. They have attitudes and interests in common that they often talk about and they might think of themselves being "on the same wavelength". It generally takes time to reach this point however. And the more intimately involved people become, the more they rely on one another for favors and to keep promises. Also, friends have to learn to put up with annoying habits and to tolerate differences of opinion.In contrast with marriage, there are no friendship ceremonies to strengthen the association between two people. But the supporting and understanding of each other that results from shared experiences and emotions does seem to create a powerful bond, which can overcome differences in background, and break down barriers of age, class, or race.6. What is True according to the first paragraph?A. A person can only have a few real friends.B. We should put things such as age, race, economic conditions, social positions, andintelligence in the first place when making friends.C. People whom we can get along well with are our friends.D. A student has six friends at most.7. In Paragraph 3, "being on the same wavelength" means ______.A. talking as fast as othersB. having the same topic as othersC. having attitudes and interests in commonD. having the same experiences and emotions8. The word " intimately" in Paragraph 3 perhaps means______A. far awayB. closelyC. wellD. in distance9. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. Even friends may have difference of opinion.B. Friends never argue with each other.C. It takes time to become good friends.D. Shared experiences can make for a strong friendship.10. To strengthen friendly relationships, people______.A. should have the same age, class, and raceB. should get rid of the annoying habitsC. should support and understand each otherD. should hold friendship ceremoniesPassage ThreeOn a practical level, teachers need a wide variety of skills and abilities. They have to be ready to spend many hours at home planning their lessons and preparing homework. They have to be well organized in class, patient with students, able to appear bright and interested even if they are in fact tired or unhappy, and lively enough to control a group of young people for almost 200 days a year. Outside the classroom, they may have to prepare teaching materials, to choose books to use as texts, to help organize the work of other teachers, or to organize spare time activities for students.If you think that you have all the necessary qualities, you may feel that you would like to be a teacher. One way to decide, if you live in the United States, is by joining a club for future teachers, such as Student Action for Education. Clubs like this give advice about your field, and also allow you to watch teachers at work, attend meetings, and experiment with teaching methods and equipment. You could also talk with the job advisor at your school or university. Finally, you could try teaching a younger student or becoming an advisor at a summer camp for children. Any activity in which you are dealing with children will help you decide whether you have a calling for teaching.11. The first paragraph is mainly about ________.A. how to plan lessons and prepare homeworkB. how to help organize the work of other teachersC. how to prepare teaching materialsD. various skills and abilities teachers need12. According to the author, a teacher should show a firm mind ________.A. that is active and always asking questionsB. that knows no fear, even when a person is faced with many studentsC. that can help other teachers as well as studentsD. that is able to deal with tiredness and unhappiness13. The second paragraph is mainly concerned with ________.A. the ways of deciding one's future employmentB. the ways to decide whether teaching should be one's future employmentC. joining a club for future teachersD. talking to an advisor when choosing future employment14. Student Action or Education is ________.A. a summer camp for childrenB. an activity at a summer campC. a club for future teachersD. a club for job advisors15. Which of the following does the author suggest to a person who wants to be ateacher?A. Watching teachers at work and organizing students' spare time activities.B. Joining a future teachers' club, talking with job advisors, and working withchildren.C. Preparing lessons, correcting homework, and experimenting with teaching methodsand equipment.D. Planning lessons and attending teachers' meetings.Part II Skimming and Scanning (共10分，每小题1分) Directions:True or false?Read the following passages. Then decide whether the following statements are True (T) or False (F).Passage OneAs my train wasn't due to leave for another hour, I had plenty of time. I made my way to the luggage (行李) office to collect the suitcase (小型旅行箱). I took out my wallet to find the receipt (收据) for my case, but the receipt was nowhere to be found. When my turn came, I explained this situation to the assistant. The man looked at me suspiciously (怀疑地) and asked me to describe the case. I told him that it was an old, brown object no different from the many cases I could see on the shelves. The assistant then gave me a form and told me to make a list of the chief contents of the case. If the list was correct, he said, I could take the case away. I tried to remember all the articles I had hurriedly packed, and I wrote them down.After I had done this, I went to look among shelves. There were hundreds of cases there and, for one terrible moment, it occurred to me that if someone had picked up the receipt, he could have easily claimed (认领) the case already. This did not happen fortunately, for after a time I found the case lying on its side high up in a corner. After examining the articles inside, the assistant was soon satisfied that it was mine and told me I could take the case away. Again I took out my wallet, this time to pay. I pulled out a ten-shilling note and the "lost" receipt came out with it. I couldn't help blushing (脸红) and looked up at the assistant. He was nodding his head knowingly, as if to say that hehad often seen this happen.（）16. When the man explained the matter to an assistant, the assistant looked at him with pity.（）17. The man got nervous while looking for his suitcase, as he realized anyone could take it with the receipt.（）18. The man's suitcase was laid in the corner on the ground.（）19. The assistant was trying to verify what the man was saying. "To verify" means to check and make sure of something（）20. The man blushed because he felt timid and did not know what to do. Passage TwoBody language is the often overlooked means by which we express many of our feelings and thoughts. It is said that our body movements communicate about 50 percent of what we really mean. Surprisingly, words themselves express only seven percent.Arms. How you hold your arms shows how open and receptive (易接受的) you are to the people you meet. If you keep your arms to the sides of your body or behind your back, this suggests you are not afraid of taking on whatever comes your way. Outgoing (外向的) people generally use their arms with big movements, while quieter people keep them close to their bodies.Head. When you want to appear confident, keep your head level. If you are the monitor in class, you can also take on this position when you want your words to be taken seriously. However, to appear friendly when listening or speaking, you must move your head a little to one side.Legs. Your legs tend to move around a lot more than normal when you are nervous or telling lies. So it is best for you to keep your legs still when you are being interviewed.Posture (姿势). A good posture makes you feel better about yourself. If you are feeling down, you normally don't sit straight. Also, you may hold your shoulders inward. This makes breathing more difficult, which in turn can make you feel nervous or uncomfortable.Mouth. When you are thinking, you often purse (噘) your lips. You might also use this position to hold back an angry comment you don't wish to show. Regardless of what you are actually thinking, a person is likely to think that you are not happy if you have this expression.（）21. Body language is often overlooked because we mainly communicate in words. （）22. When an outgoing person meets someone he knows, he is most likely to keep his arms close to his body.（）23. Paragraph five shows that your posture and your feelings affect (影响) eachother.（）24. If you attend an interview, moving your legs around a lot should be avoided. （）25. Without considering possible cultural differences, the writer of the passage is suggesting that body language is a language that is difficult to understand.Part III Cloze (共10 分，每小题0. 5分)Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.To find out what the weather is going to be, many people go straight to the radio, television or newspaper to get an expert weather forecast. But 26 you know what to look for, you can use your own 27 to make your weather 28 .There are many 29 that can help you. For example, in fair weather the air pressure is 30 low. The air is still and often full of dust. Far away objects may look 31 . But when a storm is gathering, the pressure 32 and you are often able to see things more clearly. Sailors 33 of this long ago and came 34 with a saying “The farther the sight, the nearer the rain”.Your sense of 35 can also help you detect weather changes. Just 36 it rains, odors becomes stronger. This is 37 odors are suppressed in a fair, high-pressure center. When a bad weather low 38 , air pressure lessens and smells are 39 .You can also 40 an approaching storm. Sounds 41 heavy storm clouds and return to earth with force. An old saying describes it 42 :”Sound travelling far and wide, a stormy day will come.”And don’t laugh if your grandmother says she can 43 a storm coming. It is commonly known that many people feel pains in their bones when the humidity 44 , the pressure drops, and bad weather is on the 45 .26. A. unless B. if C. as D. though27. A. experiences B. ways C. senses D. feelings28. A. broadcast B. plans C. prediction D. statement29. A. forms B. signals C. expressions D. signs30. A. ordinarily B. unusually C. commonly D. generally31. A. misty B. small C. clear D. big32. A. rises B. drops C. increases D. descends33. A. took care B. took note C. got hold D. made sense34. A. up B. over C. upon D. on35. A. touch B. taste C. smell D. sight36. A. when B. as C. after D. before37. A. why B. because C. how D. hence38. A. moves away B. takes up C. moves in D. takes in39. A. released B. controlled C. checked D. roused40. A. learn B. see C. hear D. look41. A. jump up B. jump down C. bounce in D. bounce off42. A. as meaning B. following C. this way D. that is43. A. see B. hear C. feel D. tell44. A. falls B. grows C. drops D. rises45. A. way B. march C. road D. movingPart IV Translation (共25 分)Directions: Put the following into Chinese.1.When we are faced with a problem that we are unable to solve, a simple act ofkindness from a stranger may provide a solution, lift our spirits, and even change our lives. Further, their actions may give us an example to follow in our own lives. Even when facing personal problems of our own, we need to choose to make other people’s lives better with our courage, imagination, and generosity. We should live our daily lives with the goal of helping others, and provide support without thinking of our own gains. If we live our lives in this way, we will find the satisfaction and purpose that we seek.2.Exercise is important for both the body and the mind. Its benefits are obvious in manyways: better health, increased intelligence, better looks and so on. However, many people do not realize that exercise can also have negative effect if one fails to pay attention to their diet when they exercise, such as a decrease in iron levels in one’s blood. So be careful to combine exercise with the correct diet and pay attention to the body’s needs as you go about your exercise program, and you’ll do great.Part V Writing (共25 分)Directions:For this part, you are required to write according to the outline given below. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below in Chinese.How to Achieve Success?1.有人说成功靠运气。
【VIP专享】2012年学位课英语试题
2012年学位课英语试题（A卷）PAPER ONEPart I Listening Comprehension (25 minutes, 20 points) Section A ( 1 point each)1.A. He is pretty comfortable in this kind of setting.B. He is not at ease when seeing her.C. He is not used to the current surroundings.D. He rarely feels shy in unfamiliar places.2. A. Waiter and customer B Husband and wife.C. Boss and secretaryD. Doctor and patient3. A. They went to see a movie.B. They had a heated quarrel.C. They ended their relationship.D. They changed their plan.4. A. At a coffee shop. B In the street C. At one’s home D. In a restaurant5. A. She prefers to go shopping with him.B. She does not want to eat out.C. She is in a bad mood today.D. She wants to enjoy the perfect weather.6. A. Tuesday and Friday B Wednesday and ThursdayC. Monday and SaturdayD. Saturday and Sunday7. A The man always makes wise decision.B. Jane may not be able to do the job very well.C. Jane knows how to run a chain store.D. The man really likes the book cover.8. A. The woman needs to arrive earlier.B. The man has to delay his departure.C. The woman dislikes air travel.D. The man has some extra work tomorrow.9. A. Double major in both business and psychology.B. Major in business and minor in psychology.C Drop business or psychologyD. Choose two closely related majors.Section B ( 1point each)Mini-talk One10. A. It represents the bride’s link to her family and the past.B. It represents support of the bride’s family and friends.C. It’s a symbol of good luck and success.D. It’s a symbol of good health.11. A. Wealth and health B. Protection against evilC Loyalty and purity D. A remainder of the past12. A Wearing something new B Wearing blue items.C. Wearing something borrowed D Wearing a silversixpence in a shoeMini-talk Two13. A. They are facing budget deficit.B. They are giving more weight to academic study.C. They are conducing observational studies.D. They are shortening school hours.14. A. Because being active is the cause of higher grades.B. Because the amount of activity required is just right.C. Because they help students learn to follow rules in class.D. Because they can arouse students’ curiosity.15. A. Whether there is difference between school subjects.B. Whether physical activity is linked to academic performance.C. Whether a comparison should be made with the control.D. Whether the amount of activity affects academic performance.Section C ( 1 point each)16. To keep your sensitive information safe, your job is to createa password that is very ____( 3 words)17. Your password should not ____( 2 words) about you.18. Consider this: in addition to ___(2 words) , phrases can alsobe easy to remember.19. This password could still be stronger by adding upper-class letters, numbers or ____(2 words)20. Always remember to ____(3 words) each site you visit on a computer that isn’t yours.Part II Vocabulary (10 minutes, 10 points)Section A (0.5 point each)21. Facebook’s top executives are eligible for twice-a-year bonuses of up to 45 percent of their base salaries.A optionalB qualifiedC desirableD casualDesirable development circumstances=favorableCautious , caution, precautious, precautionCasual clothes in the most casual tone ….CasualtyCasualnessAt randomOption, optionalOpticalOptimum /optimizeEdible=eatable , legible, illegible, eligible =qualifieddisqualify Affordable , respectableLiterate, illiterate, legal, illegal22. Ways have to be found to accommodate the special needs of these left-behind children in rural areas.A. satisfy B occupy C alter D hostHost , hostess , tiger, tigress, actor, actressHero , ----heroineAlter=change, transformAlternate v.Alternative adj/nounThere are 2 alternatives in front of you-----quitting your job or staying here.Alternative resources …Alternation =transformationAlternant=interchangeableAlterabilityUrban =of citySpecialSpecific requests when…… to your husband….Definite, distinct, distinctiveSpecificationSpecify =elaborate, =describe, illustrate ,23. The number of people with Alzheimer’s disease in the United States is projected to more than double by 2050.A devisedB thrustC estimatedD encountered UnderestimateOverestimateEncounter - = come across, run into , meet…by chance, chance upon24. My supervisor, gentle and friendly, made me feel at ease from the first meeting with him.A. at large =in detail B at length C at random D at home At ease = feel comfortableWith ease = easily,25. I searched the library to see what I could learn about the massacre, but nothing turned up.A was recommendedB was foundC was understoodD was clarified.-ifySatisfy, purify , simplifyThe book can be classified into 4 chaptersFall intoThe chapter can fall into 4 sections26. Geraldine Ferraro said that whoever coined the term ObamaCare was brilliant.A came uponB broke downC made up =inventD drew onMake up a story to entertain the child…CoinageBreak downDraw on/upon27. Upon learning that his mother was gravely ill, he wasted no time getting to the hospital.A suddenlyB moderatelyC seriouslyD genetically Spare no effortsGrave , gravitationGraveness28. It requires uncompromising efforts to develop these residences into true homes for our underprivileged citizens.A unproductiveB unyieldingC uninvitingD unintentionalCompromise =come to terms withCompensateIntention, intentHave the intention ofWith intent to do sthHe came here with intent to steal something.29. Snow is not predicted for today; we can expect some rain, though.A althoughB thereforeC yetD however Nevertheless, however,But he is innocentAs/though/that ….Child as he is, he has done the job very well.Word came that we succeeded at last.Handsome as he is , I don’t like him.Much as I admire him, I don’t want to be a man like him. 30. At that time, there was a wealth of evidence that Japan was planning war in the Pacific.A abundan tB valuableC expensiveD priceless.A host of =manyInvaluable=priceless , =expensiveUseless, worthlessSection B (0.5 point each)31. This old man developed nerve damage to his brain, _____ him nearly disabled.A leavingB keepingC allowingD causingDid you leave the window open?I wish the children would keep quietHe remains silent all through the night.Keep the window open ----unconsciouslyLeave the window open----consciouslyDamage toKey toSolution toAttitude toAnswer toReply to …An approach to dealing with the problem is very easy.32. These discoveries have opened up new ____ in the field of cancer research.A rainbowsB horizonsC altitudeD paradoxesOn the horizonHorizontal verticalAttitude altitude, latitude, longitude33. Some politicians in Japan still believe that the Nanjing Massacre is nothing but a ___.A novelB flawC truthD myth34. Many people choose to be honest when creating their online ____ to make future dating easier.A pretextsB prepositionsC profilesD protestsOn the pretext of ….35. Several large studies have found ____ lower odds of heartdisease among regular nut eaters.A confidentlyB consistentlyC conceptuallyD contemptuouslyContemporaryLook down on/upon , belittle , behead,Odd30-odd ,Even chestnutConfide oneself consist of , consist inConfident36. The boss needs a workout program that perfectly ____ his busy schedule.A turns intoB falls intoC looks intoD fits int o37. A glimpse ___our solar system reveals the neighborhood outside the sun’s influence is stranger than expected.A intoB atC byD beyond38. It has never ____ to me that an intimate knowledge of English grammar can be so useful .A occurredB happenedC turnedD conformed Intimate intimacyImitate , imitationInitiate =start, begin, initiativeHappen toSth occur to sbConfirm=verify, prove to beConform to = comply with, adhere to …Affirm =claim39. The FDA is expected to require safety studies on e-cigarettes and ____ their use.A regulateB recollectC reboundD rehearseFood and Drug Administration40. Teenagers can become ____ and hard to handle if every single decision is taken away from them.A obedientB cooperativeC rebelliousD aestheticPart III Cloze Test (10 minutes, 10 points, 1 point each) “A better, richer and happier life for all our citizens.” That’s the American __41__ . In practice, it means living in a spacious, air-conditional house, owning a car or three or maybe a boat or a holiday home, not to mention flying off to __42__ destinations.The trouble __43__ this lifestyle is that it consumes a lot of power. If everyone in the world started living like wealthy Americans, we __44__ need to generate more than 10 times __45__ energy each year. And __46__ , in a century or three, we all expect to be __47__ by an army of robots and fly into space on holidays, we are going to need a vast amount more. Where are we going to get so much power from?It is a clear that continuing to rely on __48__ fuels will have catastrophic results, because of the dramatic warming effect of carbon dioxide. But alternative power sources will affect the climate too. For now, t he climatic effects of “clean energy” sources are trivial __49__ those from greenhouse gases, but if we keep on using ever more power over the coming centuries, they will become ever more __50___.41.A. constitution B. dream C history Dcharacter42.A. exotic B. patriotic C. supersonic D.alcoholic43.A. on B. for C. at D with44.A shall B will C should D would45.A much more B more than C as much D of more46.A if B though C while D so47.A taken to B attended to C attached to Dsubmitted to48.A rock B stone C fossil Ddiamond49.A according to B based on C such as Dcompared with50.A significant B imperative C indispensable DnegligibleThe earth is 49 times the size of the moon.The earth is 49 times as much as the moon in size.The earth is 49 times larger than the moon.Part IV Reading Comprehension ( 45 minutes, 1 point each )Passage OneAs many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can’t remember where we put the keys just a moment ago or an old acquaintances’ name. as the brain fades, we refer to these occurrences as “senior moments”. Whileseemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a detrimental impact on our professional, social, and personal well-being.Neuroscientists are increasingly showing that there’s actually a lot that can be done. It turns out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental workouts can significantly improve our basic cognitive functions.Thinking is essentially a process of making neural connections in the brain. Because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate according to mental efforts.A new company has taken it a step further and developed the first “brain training program”, called Lumosity, to actually help people improve and regain their mental sharpness. Lumosity is f ar more than an online place to exercise your mental skills. That’s because they have integrated these exercises into a Web-based program that allows you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps track of your progress and provides detailed feedback on your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it constantly modifies and enhances the games you play to build on the strengths you are developing---much like an effective exercise routine requiresyou to increase resistance and vary your muscle use. Apparently it works. In randomized, controlled clinical trials Lumosity was shown to significantly improve basic cognitive functions. One study showed students improved their scores on math tests by 34 percent after using Lumosity for six weeks. The company says its users have reported clearer and quicker thinkin g, impr oved memory, increased alertness and aw areness, elevated mood, and better concentration at work or while driving.While many of the games at Lumosity are f ree, a modest subscription fee is required to use the full program over the long term.However, Lumosity is currently offering a free trial of their program to new users so that you can see how well it works before you decide to subscribe. The company believes the results will speak for themselves.51.What can we learn about “senior moments”?A.They are nothing to be worried about.B.They happen to each middle-aged person.C.They mostly happen to the elders.D.They are signs of declining memory.52.Neuroscientists are beginning to find that ________A.cognitive functions can be improved by mental effort.B.Intelligence varies with the amount of physical exercise.C.“senior moments” are quite useful at work .D.Our brain and muscles should be trained differently.53.From paragraph 3, it can be concluded that Lumosity _____.A.is just an online place to exercise your mental skills.B.requires the users to keep doing the same games.C.is a set of exercises intended for the mentally-retarded.D.can help users make improvement in the brain.54.Clinical trials have proved that Lumosity _____A.is better than reported B is highly effective andbeneficial.B.should be under strict control D leaves much to be desired.55.Which of the following statements is true about Lumosity?A.Access to these games is quite expensive.B.Chronic users have to pay for the access to the games.C.All the games at Lumosity are free of charge.D.Access to the games is limited to subscribers.56.The main purpose in writing this passage is to _____A.present the new findings of neuroscientists.B.remind the middle-aged to take physical exercise.C.describe how Lumosity came into being.D.introduce how braining training makes your smarter.Passage TwoAccording to psychology professor Carol Dweck of Stanford University, “Praising children for being smart can backfire.” If this doesn’t get the attention of Millennium parents, I’m not sure what will.It is my observation that so many parents today believe that if their child appears to be the least bit “advanced” for his age, he’s destined to be the next Albert Einstein, Tiger Woods, or Bill Gates. It’s human nature for mom and dad to show much admiration for their child and dish out praise for accomplishments achieved. The problem is, according to this study, parents may not be doing the best thing by praising their child for his intelligence.Dweck’s research involved junior high students in New York and concluded that “classroom performance improved when her study subjects believed the brain is like a muscle that can grow.” Students who “focuses on the learning process (effort, concentration or strategies used) asked for feedback and did better in all subjects.” Feedback such as, ‘You did well because you worked so hard’ or ‘You used so many descriptive words to make this story interesting’ can encourage children to try newthings, as they are being rewarded for their effort. When the ‘time and effort’ strategy is being positively reinforced, the child will probably use the same strategy next time they are learning something. Over time new strategies can be introduced, so the child’s repertoire of strategies is broadened.Dweck goes on to say that “they(students who improved) performed better because their success was being measured by effort, not by test scores or grades.” Parents should praise effort, not just results. Children who received praise about their innate abilities (talents or strengths) h ad less chance of trying new thing s and became anxious and under performed as things became more difficult. That is one of the greatest dangers to continually praising children for whatever they do in order to falsely raise a child’s self-esteem.What are mom and dad to do? Offer genuine praise and encouragement for effort and successes, but balanc e this with setting appropriate expectations and following up with consequences when the child falls short due to laziness. Don’t make excuses. Your child will better face the challenges life had to offer in the future when you as a parent recognize the efforts he is making today.57.The underlined word “backfire” in the first paragraphprobably means ____A.create some miracles.B.produce an undesirable resultC.be negligible to some extentD.be motivating and inspiring.58.Which of the following can be considered proper feedback?A.You did really well on this spelling test, you must have spenthours practicing your words.B.Oh, honey, you’re so smart----that failing grade won’t matteranyway.C.This is a wonderful paintings. What a great artist you are!D.You did really well on this spelling test, you are very clever.59.A child who is praised for his effort and strategy is likely to____A have his learning strategies increased.B feel inferior to the smart children.C. have falsely high self-esteem.D. expect more praise and encouragement.60. Praising a child for his talent may ________A. encourage him to try new things.B. motivate him to greater efforts.C. leave him less prepared for challenges.D. put his life at risk in case of failure61. The author’s advice to parents is ___A. to expose the child to greater challenges.B. not to expect too much of a child.C. to forbid the child to make any excuses.D. to combine praise with constructive criticism.62. Which of the following can be a proper title for this passage?A. Never Praise Your Child for Any of His Achievement.B. Praise Your Child, But Not for Being SmartC. How to Reward a Child for His EffortD. Praise---- A Must for the Child’s Future.Passage ThreeAs a new matchmaker, internet dating sites promise two cutting edges: a vastly greater choice of potential partners and scientifically proven way of matching suitable people together. The greater choice is unarguable.But does it lead to better outcomes? And do the “scientifically tested methods” actually work? These are the questions asked by a team of psychologists led by Eli Finkel.The researchers’ first observation is how any of the much-boasted partner-matching methods actually works. Many firmspreserve their i ntellectual property as trade secrets, and there is no reason why internet dating sites should not be among them. But this renders claims of effectiveness impossible to test objectively. There is thus no independent scientific evidence that any of these methods does enhance the chance of their hitting it off when they meet.It is possible to test the value of a claim that they match people with compatible personality traits. However, Dr Dyrenforth asked more than 20,000 people about their relationships and assessed their personalities. Members of couples with similar personalities were indeed happier than those without. But the difference was just 0.5%.Surely, the chances of finding that magic other are increased by the second thing internet dating brings: a multitude of choice. But here, too, things are not as simple as they might seem.An assumption behind all consumer decisions is that what people think they want is what they actually need. And the data suggest people are not good at knowing what they want. One of Dr Finkel’s own studies showed that when they are engaged in speed dating, people’s stated preferences at the beginning of the process do not well match the characters of the individuals they actually like. When faced with abundant choices, people payless attention to characteristics that require thinking and conversation to evaluate and more to matters physical. Choice, in other words, dulls the critical faculties.Finkel’s conclusion is that love is as hard to find on the internet as elsewhere. You may be just as likely to luck out in the local café, or by acting on the impulse to stop and talk to that stranger on the street whose glance you caught, as you are by clicking away with a mouse and hoping that, one day, Cupid’s arrow will strike.63. The effectiveness of the dating sites is difficult to verify scientifically because they ____A. keep their intellectual property secret.B. have two cutting edges.C. adopt strange matching methodsD. are good at deception as evidenced.64. The expression “hit it off” in Paragraph 3 probably means ____A. say goodbye B get along well C get hurt D dislike each other65. Dr. Dyrenforth found that couples with different personalities ____A were much less happy than those with similar personalities.B. were more likely to divorce than those with similar personalities.C were almost as happy as those with similar personalities.D. were must happier than those with similar personalities.66. According to Paragraph 6, the abundance of choices offered by the dating sites ____A can increase the chance of finding ideal partners.B helps people to become better aware of what they want.C divert attention from other mental qualitiesD leads to exclusive concern with one’s appearance67. Finkel’s conclusion is that ______A. it is impossible to find true love on the Internet wherever you are.B.you are as likely to find love through chance encounters as via the Internet.C. you are more likely to find love through these online dating sites.D. you can find love more easily by talking to a stranger on the street.68. The researchers’ attitude towards these Internet dating sites is ____A suspicionB confidenceC objectionD recommendationPassage FourMany countries have made it illegal to talk into a hand-held mobile phone while driving. But the latest research provides further confirmation that the danger lies less in what a motorist’s hands do when he takes a call than in what the conversation does to his brain. Even using a “hands-free” device can impair a driver’s attention to an alarming extent.Melina Kunar of the University of Warwick and Todd Horowitz of the Harvard Medical School ran a series of experiments in which two groups of volunteers had to pay attention and respond to a series of moving tasks on a computer screen that were reckoned equivalent in difficulty to driving. One group was left undistracted while the other had to engage in a conversation about their hobbies using a speakerphone. As Dr Kunar and Dr. Horowitz report in Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, those who were making the equivalent of a hands-free call had an average reaction time 212 milliseconds slower than those who were not. That, they calculate, would add 5.7 meters to the braking distance of a car traveling at 100kph. They found that the group using the hands-free kit made 83 percent more errors in their tasks than those who were not talking.They also explored the effect of simply listening to something ---- such as a radio program. For this they played a recording of the first chapter of Bram Stoker’s “Dracula”. Even though the test subjects were told to pay attention because they would be asked questions about the story afterwards, it had little effect on their reaction times. Dr.Kunar reckons that having to think about responses during a phone conversation competes for the brain’s resources in a way that listening to a monologue does not. The research led by Frank Drews of the University of Utah suggests the same thing is true of the idle chatter of a passenger. Punishing people for using hand-held gadgets while driving is difficult enough, even though they can be seen from outside the car. Stopping people making hands-free calls would probably be impossible ---- especially because more and more vehicles are now being fitted with the necessary equipment as standard. Persuading people to switch their phones off altogether when they get behind the wheel might be the only answer. Who knows, they might even come to enjoy not having to take calls. And they’ll be likelier to arrive in one piece.69. Which body part is most affected by talking into a cell phone when driving?A. Hands B Feet C Eyes D The brain70. In Kunar and Horowitz’s experiments, the subjects who performed tasks while talking ____A. reacted more quickly and made fewer mistakes.B reacted more quickly, but made more mistakes.C. reacted more slowly, but made fewer mistakes.D. reacted more slowly, and made more mistakes.71. According to Frank Drews, listening to a passenger talking ____A affects drivers more than a phone conversation.B affects drivers more than listening to a story .C has less effect on the drivers than a phone conversation.D has less effect on the drivers than listening to a story.72 The law forbidding the use of hand-held phones when driving ____A is necessary and feasibleB has been frequently brokenC will arouse heated debateD has been widely observed.73. The best hope of stopping people using hands-free phones lies with ____A the lawmakersB car manufacturersC drivers themselvesD new technology74. The purpose of the passage is to ________A inform people of the danger of using phones while driving.B call on lawmakers to make new road laws on the use of cell phonesC offer suggestions for drivers who use cell phones while driving.D weigh the benefits and harms of using phones when driving.Passage FiveIn these times of fast media and ever-growing Internet, we are under so many external influences that it is anything but easy to think for ourselves. Unless you are a cunning, very aware person, you most likely don’t even know when your thinking is not your own.Not that all outside influence is bad to forming your own views, but being unable to think for yourself can make you miserable at best, or a puppet of someone else’s programming, at worst.Admittedly, we are all born into societies or cultures where the norms and customs are already established. We have little choice but to conform to what is already in place. This is not necessarily a bad thing. However, it can be confining and controlling if we accept everything blindly and never question the status quo.Does this mean all of your ideas can be original and unlike everyone else’s? Not at all!Nor does it require being contrary and argumentative just to be defiant or stand out. To think for yourself means that whatever opinions you hold will be well thought out and arise from thorough investigation and thoughtful analysis. It means choosing to not compromise the facts for the sake of consensus or fitting in. It is not unlike critical thinking ---- it just brings about a broader scope of choices and decision-making in your life.For example, how many of us feel the need to keep up with ‘the latest’? We wear clothes, listen to music and follow trends that the media tells us we should in order to be cool. Marketing companies create ads that tempt us into a herd mentality as we fall into debt, wear fashions that are unbecoming, and get caught up in a cycle of over-spending and then stressing out over it. We are living lives designed for us by the powers without our conscious participation.Another trap we fall into when we don’t think for ourselves is groupthink. Groupthink is a psychological phenomenon that takes place within a group of people who try to avoid conflict and reach agreement without critically evaluating options or。
2012全国学位英语试卷
成人高等教育学士学位英语命题预测试卷（一）PartⅠ Dialogue Completion (15 points)Directions: There are 15 short incomplete dialogues in this part, each followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one to complete the dialogue and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the centre.1. Black:Let me introduce myself. I’m Andrew Black.Keith:______A. It’s a pleasure.B. Pleased to meet you.C. How are you?D. Nice meeting you.2. Todd:Do you think it will snow this evening?Lily:______A. I hope it not.B. I don’t think so.C. Who is that?D. Who’s is it?3. Lucy:I’m Lucy. My teacher asked me to visit you.Juliet:______ Come in and sit down, please.A. Nice to meet you.B. That’s a good idea.C. That’s all right.D. Why don’t theycome?4. Norma:How can I learn to cook well?Kyle:______A. What a pity!B. Why don’t you follow your teacher’s advice?C. But I’m afraid it’s useless.D. Any reason for that?5. Basil:I won’t have beer any more.Lois:______A. So do I.B. So will I.C. Nor do I.D. Neither will I.6. Harry:Do you mind my smoking here?Lynn:______A. Yes, please do.B. No, please don’t.C. No, I dislike the smell of cigarette.D. Yes, please don’t.7. Owen:May I use your phone?Ruth:______A. It doesn’t matter.B. Go ahead.C. No, I don’t mind.D. No, you needn’t.8. Wendy:______?Wayne:For about two weeks.A. How long are you going to stay hereB. How soon will you leave this placeC. How often do you come hereD. How many times have you come here9. Rose:Hello, may I speak to Mr. Green?Steven:______,I will see if he is in.A. Don’t put down your phoneB. Hold the line a minuteC. Please phone him in five minutes againD. This is John speaking10. Viola: Excuse me,______?Rite:I am sorry, I don’t know. I’m new around here.A. will you please tell me timeB. is there a train time-tableC. can you tell me the best way to the neares t hospitalD. can you show me the map of this city11. Carol:______?Jane:I’d like two dozen eggs.A.What are you doingB. What would you like to doC. What can I do for youD. What would you like to eat12. Helen:______Sir, I didn’t quite hear you.David:I said that nobody but one had got a full mark in the tests.A. May I ask you a question?B. I am sorry,C. I beg your Pardon,D. I must say “no” to you,13. Jimmy:______ May I speak to John?Tony:John! You are wanted on the telephone.A. I am Mary.B. My name is Mary.C. Do you know Mary?D. This is Mary speaking.14. Rob:How could you say that?Bert:______, I didn’t mean to hurt you.A. That’s all rightB. I won’t regretC. I’m really sorryD. Excuse me15. June:Do you think it’s going to rain over the weekend?Judy:______.A. I don’t believeB. I don’t believe itC. I believe not soD. I believe notPart Ⅱ Reading Comprehension(40 points )Directions:There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passage is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the centre.Passage 1Human needs seem endless. When a hungry man gets a meal, he begins to think about an overcoat; when a manager gets a new sports car, a big house and pleasure boats dance into view.The many needs of mankind might be regarded as making up several levels. When there is money enough to satisfy one level of needs, another level appears.The first and most basic level of needs involves food. Once this level is satisfied, the second level of needs, clothing and some sort of shelter, appears. By the end of World War II, these needs were satisfied for a great majority of Americans. Then a third level appeared. It included such items as automobiles and new houses.By 1957 or 1958 this third level of needs was fairly well satisfied. Then, in the late 1950s, a fourth level of needs appeared: the “life enriching” level. While the other levels involve physical satisfaction, that is, the feeding, comfort, safety, and transportation, this level stresses mental needs for recognition, achievement, and happiness. It includes a variety of goods and services, many of which could be called “luxury” items. Among them are vacation trips, the best medical and dental care, and recreation. Also included here are fancy goods and the latest styles in clothing.On the fourth level, a lot of money is spent on services, while on the first three levels more is spent on goods. Will consumers raise their sights to a fifth level of needs as their income increases, or will they continue to demand luxuries and personal services on the fourth level?A fifth level would probably involve needs that can be achieved best by community action. Consumers may be spending more on taxes to pay for government action against disease, ignorance, crim, and prejudice. After filling our stomachs, our clothes closets, our garages, our teeth, and our minds, we now may seek to ensure the health, safety, and leisure to enjoy more fully the good things on the first four levels.16. According to the passage, man will begin to think about such needs as housingand clothing only when ______.A. he has saved up enough moneyB. he has grown dissatisfied with his simple shelterC. he has satisfied his hungerD. he has learned to build houses17. It can be inferred from the passage that by the end of World War Ⅱ, most Americans ______.A. were very richB. lived in povertyC. had the good things on the first three levelsD. did not own automobiles18. Which of the following is NOT related to “physical satisfaction”?A. A successful career.B. A comfortable home.C. A good meal.D. A family car.19. What is the main concern of man on the fourth level?A. The more goods the better.B. The more mental satisfaction the better.C. The more “luxury” items the better.D. The more earnings the better.20. The author tends to think that the fifth level ______.A. would be little better than the fourth levelB. may be a lot more desirable than the first fourC. can be the last and most satisfying levelD. will become attainable before the government takes actionsPassage 2In the same way that a child must be able to move his arms and legs before he can learn to walk, the child must physiologically be capable of producing and experiencing particular emotions before these emotions can be modified through learning. Psychologists have found that there are two basic processes by which learning takes place. One kind of learning is called “classical conditioning”. This occurs when one event or stimulus is consistently paired with or followed by, a reward or punishment. It is through classical conditioning that a child learns to associates his mother’s face and voice with happiness and love, for he learns that this person provides food and comfort. Negative emotions are learned in a similar fashion.The second kind of learning is called “operant conditioning”. This occurs when an individual learns to do things that produce rewards in his environment and learns not to do things that produce punishments. For example, if a mother always attends to her baby when he cries and cuddles him until he is quiet, she may teach him that if he cries he will get attention from mother. Thus, the baby will learn to increase his crying in order to have his mother more.Every day, we grow and have new experiences. We constantly learn by reading, watching television, interacting with other people, and so forth. This learning affects our emotions. Why is it that we learn to like some people and dislike others? If a person is nice to us, cares about us, we learn to associate this person withpositive feelings, such as joy, happiness, and friendliness. On the other hand, if a person is mean to us, does not care about us, and even deliberately does things to harm us, we learn to associate this person with negative feelings, such as unhappiness, discomfort, and anger.21. The author’s main purpose in writing the passage is to ______.A. teach children how to learn to produce and experience certain emotionsB. give the general reader an account of two basic kinds of learningC. give parents some advice on how to modify their children’s emotions through learningD. discuss with psychologists how positive and negative feelings are produced22. If your jokes often find a ready echo in a person, you will learn through ______that telling jokes to this person is fun, and you will try with greater efforts to be humorous in his presence.A. classical conditioningB. neither of themC. operant conditioningD. some other sorts of conditioning23. If a child is bitten or startled several times by a dog, he may learn to associate furry animals with pain or startle and thus develop a fear of furry animals. This is a typical example of learning through ______.A. classical conditioningB. both of themC. operant conditioningD. neither of them24. In the third paragraph, the author is ______.A. discussing how we grow and have new experiences every dayB. talking about learning to modify emotions through operant conditioningC. concentrating on learning by reading, watching television, interacting with people, and so onD. using examples to further illustrate learning through classical conditioning25. In the following paragraphs the author will most probably go on to discuss ______.A. definitions of positive feelings and negative feelingsB. the third kind of learningC. further examples of learning through operant conditioningD. none of the abovePassage 3Katherine walked into a newspaper office, and demanded to see the editor. Fortunately, the editor was passing the inquiry office when she asked for him. Seeing she was a girl of school age, he thought it might offer him an amusing five minutes between interviews.Katherine was very rude to him when he told her they didn’t accept schoolgirls. She said she was surprised that the editor of a great London newspaper did not know how to behave like a gentleman. The editor sat back in his chair and laughed heartily. He had never been spoken to like that in his life. He rather liked it for its novelty. After some further conversation, in which Katherine attempted to persuade him that she could do anything he wanted, from writing a leading article to a serial story, she said: “I am not going to leave this room until you put me on the staff!”Then the editor had to speak to her rather seriously, and told her what a great London newspaper meant to a girl and how utterly ignorant she was of everything that would make her useful as a journalist. Upon this Katherine burst into tears, and the editor, who had dismissed many men in the course of his career, walked up and down the room wondering what he could do for this extraordinary young girl whose tearful eyes were so full of disappointment.“Look here,” he said, “if you come to me in two years’ time, with a knowledge of shorthand, and if you promise not to shed tears on my blotting paper, I will give you something to do.”“Really? If you don’t mind, I’ll have it in black and white,” said the girl.The editor was startled. He began to think that this young girl was not so young as she looked. He drafted out an agreement for her on the lines laid down with a great deal of solemnity (严肃) which he found quite amusing, for he was confident that the young girl might quite as well change her mind or would be engaged to a nice boy long before the agreement took effect.26. The real reason why the editor decided to interview the girl was that he ______.A. heard her asking for himB. was not very busyC. thought it would amuse himD. liked to work with young girls27. “He rather liked it for its novelty” means he liked it because it was ______.A. unusualB. pleasantC. courageousD. friendly28. The editor walked up and down the room, because he was ______.A. rather angry with herB. afraid other people would hear her cryingC. not sure whether he should dismiss her or notD. trying to make a decision29. As their conversation continued, the editor ______.A. changed his opinion of the girlB. grew tired of herC. became annoyedD. thought she was too uneducated30. When the editor drafted out the agreement for the girl, he ______.A. hoped that this would please the girlB. wished that it would take effect soonC. adopted a rather serious attitudeD. didn’t mean what he wrotePassage 4Like fine food, good writing is something we approach with pleasure and enjoy from the first taste to the last. And good writers, like good cooks, do not suddenly appear full blown. Quite the contrary, just as the cook has to undergo an intensive training, mastering the skills of his trade, the writer must sit at his desk and devote long hours to achieving a style in his writing, whatever its purpose—school work, matters of business, or purely social communication. You may be sure that the more painstaking the effort, the more effective the writing, and the more rewarding.There are still some remote places in the world where you might find a public scribe to do your business or social writing for you, for a fee. There are a fewmanagers who are lucky enough to have the service of that rare kind of secretary who can take care of all sorts of letter writing with no more than a quick note to work from. But for most of us, if there is any writing to be done, we have to do it ourselves.We have to write school papers, business papers or home papers. We are constantly called on to put words to paper. It would be difficult to count the number of such words, messages, letters, and reports put into the mails or delivered by hand, but the daily figure must be enormous. What is more, everyone who writes expects, or at least hopes, that his writing will be read. We want to arouse(引起) and hold the interest of the readers. We want whatever we write to be read, from first word to last, not just thrown into some “letters to be read” file or into a wastepaper basket. This is the reason we bend our efforts toward learning and practicing the skills of interesting, effective writing.31. In this passage, good writing is compared to fine food because ______.A. both writers and cooks have to work long hours every dayB. both are essential to lifeC. both are enjoyableD. both writers and cooks can earn a good living32. A public “scribe” (Para.2) is ______.A. a secretary who does your business or social writingB. a machine that does writing for youC. a public school where writing is taughtD. a person who earns a living by writing for others33. According to the passage, some managers don’t have to do any letter writing because ______.A. they rely on quick notesB. they have a computer to do itC. they have excellent secretariesD. they prefer making phone calls34. According to the author, if your letter is thrown into some “letters to be read” file, ______.A. it will receive immediate attentionB. it is likely to be neglectedC. it will be dealt with by the secretaryD. it is meant to be delivered soon35. The purpose of the author in writing this passage is ______.A. to argue and demonstrateB. to comment and criticizeC. to interest and entertainD. to explain and persuadePart Ⅲ Vocabulary and Structure (20 points)Directions:There are 40 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the centre.36. Some of this wheat came from Canada. What about ______?A. anotherB. the otherC. othersD. the rest37. I will now ______ Mr. Webster to drink the health of the happy pair.A. call onB. call upC. call forD. call off38. July is the month ______ is usually the hottest.A. whose weatherB. the weatherC. its weatherD. when the weather39. Because my scissors are dull, I’m going to buy a new ______.A. oneB. onesC. pairD. scissors40. ______ great was the destruction that the South took decades to recover.A. VeryB. TooC. SuchD. So41. Everyone should keep a sense of responsibility ______ what he is to do.A. ofB. forC. withD. to42. The statue is believed ______ by a professional thief a couple of weeks ago.A. to have stolenB. to be stolenC. having been stolenD. to have been stolen43. Neither Bill nor his parents ______ at home.A. areB. isC. wasD. has44. I don’t think there are several characteristics of the novel ______ special attention.A. worthwhileB. worth ofC. worthy ofD. worthless45. ______ people can speak a foreign language perfectly.A. Not muchB. LittleC. Only a small numberD. Few46. If I had more time, I should ______ table tennis as a hobby.A. take toB. take upC. take onD. take over47. The thief caught on the spot by tile policeman denied ______ anything.A. to doB. to have doneC. doD. doing48. I won’t have a whisky, thank you. It’s not that I don’t drink, ______ thatI don’t drink and drive.A. but alsoB. exceptC. otherwiseD. but rather49. A calculating machine has the advantage of speed and ______.A. having accuracyB. accuracyC. being accurateD. accurate50. Look at the pavilion ______ in the lake.A. reflectedB. reflectingC. to reflectD. to be reflected51. ______ help me, I had to do it all alone.A. There is no one toB. There being no one toC. Being no oneD. with no one52. Every government that refuses to meet the needs of its people must accept the ______.A. endingsB. consequencesC. resultsD. possibilities53. If only the committee ______the regulations and put them into effect as soon as possible.A. approveB. will approveC. can approveD. would approve54. It is because she is too inexperienced ______she does not know bow to dealwith the situation.A. thatB. thereforeC. so thatD. so55. Mike said that the house was ______ expensive for him.A. very muchB. so muchC. far tooD. about56. He ______ live in the country than in the city.A. had betterB. prefers toC. would ratherD. would like57. Let’s start again from where we ______.A. left overB. left offC. left outD. left aside58. New difficulties kept ______ as they built the railway tunnel.A. arisingB. arousingC. ascendingD. aggressing59. Improvements of all kinds ______ in television so that reception will be as close to perfect as possible.A. are constantly being madeB. are being made constantlyC. will be being madeD. will constantly be made60. A good newspaper publishes both ______ and foreign news.A. diplomaticB. democraticC. domesticD. dramatic61. The selling price of that house and ______ ＄25 000.A. many furniture areB. some furniture isC. the furniture isD. many pieces of furniture are62. Without air, ______ no wind or rain.A. there would beB. there will beC. there have beenD. there is63. It’s important to locate industries in areas where a supply of raw materials is ______.A. preferableB. availableC. dependableD. favorable64. The pilot lost contact with the military base, ______ the plane crashed in the desert.A. among whichB. for whichC. by means of whichD. as the result of which65. He’s lived in London ______.A. since a long timeB. for some timeC. long beforeD. some time ago66. ______ the university is by examination only.A. Admission toB. Permission inC. Admission inD. Permission on67. I remember ______ this person somewhere.A. to have metB. to meetC. meetD. meeting68. I did not realize you want to keep the letter, I have ______ it up.A. tornB. pickedC. pulledD. broken69. I ______ you that the equipment will be delivered today.A. persistB. confirmC. insistD. assure70. As I am free now, I ______ as well go with you.A. mightB. wouldC. shouldD. could71. I am going to the teacher, but you ______ with me.A. need go outB. need not goC. need not to goD. do not need go72. A laser beam is used to ______ even the hardest substance.A. pass throughB. repairC. light upD. identify.73. I could not ______ all the information given in the radio broadcast.A. receiveB. absorbC. admireD. deceive74. TV, if properly used, can ______ a child’s imagination.A. causeB. exciteC. stimulateD. arise75. Television keeps us informed about ______ events and the latest developments in politics and science.A. currentB. pastC. favorableD. newPart Ⅳ Cloze Test (10 points)Directions:There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the centre.In the dining room of my grandfather’s house stood his heavy clock. Meals in the dining room were a __76 __ for our four generations to become one. My grandfather’s clock always stood like a trusted old family friend, __77 __ us playing jokes and telling stories, which was already a __78__ of our life.When I was a child, the old clock interested me. I watched and listened to it during __79 __. I was surprised how at __80 __ times of the day, the clock would strike three times, six times or more, with a wonderful great __81 __ that echoed throughout the house. The clock chimed year after year, a part of my __82 __, a part of my heart.Even more __83 __ to me was my grandfather’s special action each day. He meticulously __84 __ the clock with a special key each day. The key was magic to me. It __85 __ our family’s magnificent clock ticking and striking all year round.76. A. time B. possibility C. problem D. pleasure77. A. seeing B. hearing C. watching D. looking78. A. start B. part C. signal D. mark79. A. stories B. jokes C. periods D. meals80. A. busy B. urgent C. happy D. different81. A. shock B. sound C. song D. music82. A. memories B. minds C. comfort D. information83. A. comfortable B. hopeful C. wonderful D. skillful84. A. opened B. wound C. turned D. started85. A. made B. controlled C. kept D. fixedPart Ⅴ Writing (15 points)Directions:You are to write in 100~120 words about the title “Happiness”. You should base your composition on the requirement given below：Happiness(1)What is happiness?(2)Happiness is of great importance in everyone’s life.(3)Happiness is related to health.成人高等教育学士学位英语命题预测试卷（二）PartⅠ Dialogue Completion (15 points)Directions:There are 15 short incomplete dialogues in this part, each followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one to complete the dialogue and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the centre.1. Eve:______Ivy:I am fine, thank you. And you?A. How do you do?B. How are you?C. Are you well again?D. What about your health?2. Dale:______ Would you please tell me the time?Laura:It’s ten past nine.A. I am sorry.B. I beg your pardon.C. Excuse me.D. Hello, how do you do?3. Linda:______ I haven’t seen you for ages.Lucy:I have just come back from the USA.A. Where have you been?B. Where have you gone?C. Oh, how I miss you!D. Are you back from the USA?4. Mary:We’re having a few people over for a dinner party Friday. We’d love to have you.Tom:______A. Oh, I’d love to. But I’m afraid.B. Oh, really! What time should I come?C. No, I have to prepare for the exam.D. Yes, though I have to take the exam.5. Son:I’m terribly sorry. Mom, I’ve broken an Italian vase.Mom:______A. Oh, what a shame!B. Oh, dear, how awful it is!C. Oh, that doesn’t matter.D. Oh, I’m so sorry to hear that.6. Teacher:You’re late again!Student:Sorry, ______A. I won’t do that anymore.B. but it’s my own business.C. I’m afraid I’ve overslept.D. but I need more sleep.7. Patient:I feel terrible today. My stomach doesn’t feel well at all.Doctor:______A. You should take something for it.B. That’s too bad for your health.C. It serves you right.D. Don’t remember.8. Sally:What is Jack like?Susan:______A. He’s kind and handsome.B. He’s very well.C. He likes music.D. He’s a worker.9. Speaker A:Did you check your e-mail today?Speaker B:No. ______A. Who cares?B. Why do you ask?C. Which one?D. Why is it so?10. Nat:I’d like to come to see you. Will ten o’clock do?Lulu:______A.Fine.B.Thanks.C. With Pleasure.D.See you.11. Hatty:______Jesse:Yes, I want a pencil box.A. Can I help you?B. What do I do for you?C. Can you help me?D. What do you want to do?12. Doris:You speak very good English.Jerry:______A. No, not at all.B. Thank you.C. No, my English is poor.D. I don’t think so.13. Homer:______Emily:He has a round face, blue eyes and brown hair.A. What do you think of the boy?B. How’s the boy?C. How do you like the boy?D. What does the boy look like?14. Amy:I’ve got a headache.Byron:______ I’ll get an aspirin.A. Have you, dear?B. Do you have really, dear?C. What shall I do?D. Do you want me to help you?15. Josie: Might I trouble you for a night?Justin:You ______A. might indeed!B. may indeed!C. could indeed!D. certainly did!Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension(40 points )Directions:There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passage is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the centre.Passage 1As you are students of English, it’s very possible that you’ll be interested in England. That’s where the language was first spoken. But England is often called by other names. This often confuses people and I wonder if you know what these names mean. So, now I would like to tell you about this matter of names. I believe that you have heard people use the names—England, Britain or Great Britain. Let’s see what each of these names means.If you look at a map of Europe, you’ll see a group of islands—one larger island off the northwest coast, one smaller and many tiny ones. These make up what is called the British Isles. The largest island of the British Isles is Britain. It is also called Great Britain. The smaller island is Ireland.Britain is divided into three parts: Scotland, Wales and England. But sometimes the word “England” is used instead of “Britain”. Why so?In ancient times, what is Britain now used to be three different countries. Peoplein these different countries spoke different languages. Over many years the three countries became one. England is the largest and richest of the three and it has the most people. So the English people take it for granted that their own name stands for the whole island.There’s another thing that confuses people: sometimes you may hear people say “the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland”. That is the official name of the country. Northern Ireland is only one sixth of the island or Ireland. The rest of the island is an independent state, called the Republic of Ireland. So we have the names of “England”, “Britain”, “Great Britain”, and “the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland”. Now do you know what each of them means?16. English was first spoken in ______.A. BritainB. EnglandC. Great BritainD. Ireland17. Britain is divided into ______.A. England, Britain, and WalesB. England, Scotland, and WalesC. Wales, Scotland, and Great BritainD. Great Britain, Wales, and Scotland18. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A. Wales is the richest of the three.B. Scotland is the largest of the three.C. Sometimes England is used instead of Britain.D. Britain is the only name of the largest island of British Isles.19. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is ______.A. part of BritainB. part of British IslesC. the official name of the whole country EnglandD. the largest country of all mentioned in the passage20. Which of the following is an independent country?A. WalesB. ScotlandC. Northern IrelandD. The Republic of IrelandPassage 2“Have you read the newly published edition of Harry Potter?”“Have you ever been fooled on April 1st?”“What have you given your boy/girlfriend on Valentine’s Day(情人节) ?” You may not feel even a little bit surprised when you are confronted with these questions. However, chances are that your parents cannot understand a word. In the wake of globalization, culture has gone beyond border and is flying all over the world, with a great impact on Chinese youths.By getting in touch with western culture, we are forced to think over things that we took for granted previously. We’ve gradually shrugged off some old notions that may hinder our development, such as “uniformity is always good”, or “authority is always in the right”. I think this is the greatest benefit we can get from this impact. We tend to be critical with what “should be” in our forefathers’ eyes. Only by this critical mind can we initiate some changes; only through change can our。
学位外语2012
2012年吉林省成人学位英语考试资料说明：2012年学位英语考试资料汇总，要求考生仔细研读两遍以上，做到心中有印象；试卷必须全部写满，不准空题，以便酌情加分。
（禁止传阅，用后销毁）！试卷（一）1.Never had I seen such a marvelous before I arrived there2.In summer the swamp usually swarms with mosquitoes and other insects.3.Clever as he was, he found quitea little difficulty in solving the problem which was anything but difficult4.It is the best that we should postpone drafting the plan to sometime later.5.It was as much of a success as we expected.6.The old man wished his son to take his duties seriously.7.She is such an irritation woman .I don’t know how you can put up with her.8.Yes, Mr. Jones. I realized that you are anxious for promotion, but are you prepared to take on the extra responsibility?9.It was difficult to guess what her reaction to the news would be.10.His compass proved valuable to him when he was lost unknown country.11.When a friend gave Jim a ticket to the game , he couldn’t help but go. 12.The new laws threaten to deprive many people of the most elementary freedoms .13.There are many problems to be solved at the meeting.14.English is widely taught in China , which makes it possible for us to communicate with Americans. 15.It is desired that he get everything ready before nine,16.Advertising is distinguished from other forms of communication, in that the advertiser pays for the message to be delivered.17.All the people in this small town have brown hair, they all resemble each other.18.Many of the world’s great novels are reported to have been made into films last year.19.I shall not bring with me any money till you have figured out the sun which you require.20.The reason why the car was stopped was that the road w as slippery.21.If there is a strike of bus drivers, they may have to walk to school.22.You should have told him the news at least two days ago.23.When their mother came , the two children pretended to work at their lessons very hard, though they did nothing.24.Having been flooded for several weeks , the city was short of food and clothing .25.He must be near-sighted for he wears eye-glasses.26.Everyone thinks that it is a simple method, but yet he cannot believe it.27.When the lecture was going on, he came in w ithout being noticed. 28.This theory about the formation of the universe was later confirmed by many observations.29.The higher the standard of living and the greater the national wealth, the greater the amount of paper used.complain that there are not enough quality programs on TV that are shown for them.阅读理解一：Americans are proud of their variety and individuality,……………with many tapes of civilian clothes.31.It is surprising that Americanswho worship variety andindividuality hold the uniform insuch high regard32.People are accustomed to thinkthat a man in uniform suggestsquality work33.The chief function of a uniformis to provide the wearer with aprofessional identity34.According to the passage,people wearing uniforms tend to losetheir individuality.35.The best title for this passagewould be Adv antages andDisadvantages of Uniforms阅读理解二：One of the qualities thatmost people admire in others is thewillingness toadmit ………..apparently themanager did not.36.How old was the author when hewrote this article? About 2337.Who was to blame for knockingoff the stacks of cartons? A w oman38.Which of the followingstatements is not true? The w omanwho knocked off the stacks ofcartons was seriously criticized bythe manager.39.Which of the following canserve as the best title of the passage?A Case of Mistaken Identity.40.The tone of the article expressesthe author’s admiration for themanager’s w illingness to admitmistake.阅读理解三：Every country tends toaccept its own way oflife,…………some different kind ofanimal from themselves.41.Every country criticizes ways oflife in other countries because theyare different from its own.42. a foreigncountry and learns its language willknow the country and its peoplebetter.43.The knowledge on gains bytraveling in a foreign country is oftendifferent from what one had beforethe travel.44.Differences between people willgradually disappear because ofease of travel45.“However”most probablymeant No matter what.翻译：46.You can make a big difference ina medical emergency if you know theright thing to do.假如你知道该怎么做的话，你便可以在需要医疗急救时起到至关重要的作用。