上海卷高考英语听力测试特点与策略.

上海卷高考英语听力测试特点与策略.
上海卷高考英语听力测试特点与策略.

上海卷高考英语听力测试特点与策略

上外附属大境中学周瑾珍

听力作为高考英语测试的一部分,在上海卷中有24分,题型则包括Short Conversations(短对话,Passages(段落,以及Longer Conversations (较长对话。无论是选择还是填空,归纳起来高考英语听力测试常见的考察测试点与相关技巧有以下这些:

一、数字

数字型试题主要考察数字,包括数量,年龄,时间,价格等,可以出现在听力考试的所有题型中。针对不同的数字型试题,考生还可以采取记录、判断以及推断计算不同的技巧。

Tip1: 如对电话号码、门牌号、航班号、车牌号等,考生可采取听写记录所需数字;

Tip2: 对判断类数字题需要在听到的两个或两个以上数字中判断符合题意的数字;

Tip3: 对推断类数字题则通常涉及到简单的数学四则运算,需稍加计算,才能得出正确答案。

由于听力材料中往往会出现干扰内容,这就要求考生认真听清原文,对数字十分敏感,任何数字数据都需要准确记录并能理清不同数字的来龙去脉。

二、地点

地点型试题主要考察地点,该项内容的考查多为以where开头的特殊疑问句,如:Where does the conversation most probably take place? 解这类试题时,我们需要有一些积累和推断。

Tip 1: 熟悉、积累常用地名,如国家、首都、大城市,著名的标志性建筑以及著名山川河流的名称等。

Tip 2: 熟悉、积累与各个地点场所有关的单词、短语、句型和场景。

Tip 3: 根据对话内容,结合生活常识进行逻辑推断,从而得知对话发生地点。

由于地点型试题可能出现在填空中,因此考生还需要注意地点名称的大小写,拼写准确规范。

三、推断

推断型试题不仅包括推断数字和地点,还常考察学生对人物身份、关系,人物态度、情感以及事件原因的推断。一般来说,此类题通常出现在短对话中。

Tip 1: 平时熟悉、积累不同人物身份及人物关系所对应的单词、短语、句型和场景,测试时根据对话内容所提供的称呼语,关键词,结合生

活常识进行判断。

Tip 2: 熟悉、积累不同语音语调所表达的不同意思,以及特定单词、短语和句型所表达的隐含信息,准确判断。

Tip 3: 认真听清事件发生的全部过程及前因后果,去粗取精,去伪存真,才能找出事件发生的真正原因。

四、主题内容

主题型试题主要考察学生对短对话或短文独白的主要内容的把握能力。学生需要抓住关键字或主题句,根据所获得的关键信息,进行分析概括主题。

听力能力的提高必须要进行听力训练。但是听力是受到多种因素制约,一味地追求听录音的时间,不注意语言能力的培养,不讲究听力训练的策略的话,是很难有效

提高自己的听力水平的。因此,建议考生高考复习时在听力训练上注意把握以下几个方面:

1. 培养正确的语音和语言技能。考生必须掌握单词的正确发音,要能正确区分单词的重读、弱读、爆破及失去爆破,学会辨别句子的连读、节奏以及语调的变化。

2. 坚持听说训练。每天坚持一定时间量的练习,形式可以是多种多样的,如大声朗读课文或其他阅读材料;边听磁带边朗读;做些听写单词、句子和短文填空之类的练习;甚至可以与同学练习对话等等。同是对大脑感官的刺激,听与说是相辅相成的。

3. 注意语篇较长的听力技巧训练。在听较长的语篇时要注意整体的掌握。注意的焦点应当是整个语篇的大意,而不是在个别词语上。不要强迫听清每一个

词,要把重点放在听关键词即实词上,一边听一边把要点及回答问题的关键词记下来。注意重复的词语,这些词通常会给你一些线索,还会帮你回忆起你在题目中听过的人名和事物等名称。注意听短文的首句和首段,文章的开首和开首段,往往是对短文内容的概括,如讲话目的、主要内容、作者、论点、故事发生的时间、地点及事由等。

4.答题时学会利用听录音前的时间,迅速地捕捉每个小题题干选项所提供的信息,预测短文或对话可能涉及到的内容,这样听录音材料时就有的放矢,有所侧重,提高答题的准确率。

5. 注意各选项中的主要区别。你可能会看到一些不同的名字或地点或不同的动词,这些不同之处将会帮你确定这道题中哪些是你要听的关键,即关键词。

6. 保持良好心态,果断放弃。对自己有把握的试题应快速作答,对无把握的试题也要在所听信息的基础上排除错误选项,进行优化处理。不会作答的,立即暂时搁置,准备听新的题目。

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