话题写作常用的短语和句型

话题写作常用的短语和句型

话题写作：人物简介

一．写作内容

1.age, sex, birth-place ,background(概况)

2.appearance, character(外表，性格)

https://www.360docs.net/doc/c811737945.html,cation

4.big events in his or her life (生平)

5.evaluation(评价)

二．写作技巧

1.介绍概况：同位语结构，分词结构，使文章简洁。如：

（1）Abraham Lincoln, the son of a poor family(一个贫苦家庭的儿子), was born in Kentucky on February 12.（同位语）

（2）Sun Showier, a world champion in diving(一位跳水的世界冠军)，is a boy of

14 from Guangdong.(同位语)

（3）Born in Maryland, USA in 1985(他1985年出生于美国马里兰州)，Michael Phelps is a famous swimmer.(分词短语)

2.描写外貌：巧用with 短语。如：

My history teacher is a beautiful woman, with long hair and big eyes(她长着两只大眼睛，留着长发)。

3.生平事迹：尽量用复合句并列句非谓语动词短语和倒装等高级语句。如：

（1）In his life, he got many honours, one of which is the 2005 CCTV Moving China Award(其中包括获得“2005感动中国年度人物”的称号)。（定

语从句）

（2）In 2006, having broken the world record and got the gold medal(在他打破世界纪录并获得金牌之后)，he became the idol of the youth.(分词短

语)

（3）Not only does he show interest in science(他不但对科学极有兴趣)，but also he has a gift for music .(倒装句)

4.评价：尽量运用短语。如：

Lei Feng set an good example to us(给我们树立了一个良好的榜样)，so all the people show great respect to him.

三，常用词汇

1.外貌特征：beautiful, fat good-looking, handsome, pretty, short, strong, tall, thin,

healthy, near-sighted, with a big nose, black eyes, with a big smile, white-haired,

1.8metres tall

2.性格特征：absent-minded, attractive, bad-tempered, be ready to help others, bright,

confident, diligent, friendly, generous, have a good temper, humorous, independent, patient, kind, kind-hearted, easy-going, naughty, think of others, smart ,wise

3.出生背景：was born in/into a poor/rich family, a 25-year-old young man, a boy of

15, at the age of 20,be born on February 12th,1987, during his childhood, in one’s fifties, live a happy/hard life, spend his childhood in the countryside, the son of a

poor family, when he was a small boy

4.兴趣爱好：be delighted in doing, be good at singing, be interested in English, be

fond of music, be crazy about, do well in his research work, enjoy doing ,expect to do, have a strong desire to do, look forward to doing sth, long for (long to do), make rapid progress in, put one’s heart into, take pleasure in doing, work hard at his studies

5.教育背景：be admitted to Beijing University, be enrolled in, fail in the test, get a

master’s degree, get on well with one’s lessons, give sb. a passing grade, go abroad to further one’s study, graduate from Physics Department of Qinghua University, his father was very strict with him, lay a good foundation in English, major in history , receive a doctor’s degree, pass the examination, take an active part in class

6.经历事迹：become a member of the team, concentrate on doing sth, devote

oneself to one’s business, do sth with great determination and perseverance, do research into this field, encourage sb to do sth, give up one’s life for sth, have a good way of doing sth, have a talent for language, make up one’s mind to do sth, overcome many difficulties, receive the Nobel Prize for physics, serve as a nurse, set a new world record of 110 metre hurdling, try one’s best to do sth, win the first prize in the competition, win a gold/silver/bronze medal

7.评价: an inspiring leader, a model worker, an advanced teacher, be respected by

all his students, be honored as, be famous/known as, be regarded as, his hard work brought him great success, make great contributions to our country, one of the most important persons in the past ten years, set a good example to all of us, speak highly of

话题写作：地点简介

一、地方特点

位置：be located in, be situated in ,lie ; in the center of /in the east of /to the east of /on the west of..

历史：have /with a long history of ; … dates back to …

人口：have /with a population of

面积：cover /have/ with an area of …；。。。take up…square kilometers; It is …long and …wide. 环境：with green hills and beautiful rivers

气候：neither too cold nor too hot, the climate varies from place to place

物产：be rich in /be high in , a place rich in …, a city with much industry ,mainly grow crops, keep sheep:

特色：be famous /well known for

名胜景观：mountainous areas, a place with many tourists attractions ,places of interest;

there are many places of interest in…, such as…/among which is…

二、空间顺序

At the front/back of something , with…in the centre/around a place; in front of, behind , next to , close to, on the left/right ;in the south, in the west/east/north; on the other side/opposite side of, inside, outside; at the crossing, at the end of the street, at the airport , at the village, at the foot of the mountain, at the bottom, at the top of, behind the park, on the east coast of …;be surrounded by…

三、方位和路线

1, There is a tall shelf on the left of my room.(on the right of ,in the front of ,near the window) 2, Above the bed (on the right of the room),there is a large painting of the blue sea.

3, Next to it (in front of/ at the back of/ in the middle of /to the right of it) is a bed.

4, The office building is in the east of( in the south of, to the west of, in front of ,behind , at the back of )the campus.

5, The monument , which was built in 1894, stands in the center of the square.

6,Cross the street(river) (keep walking along…walk down….)

7,Turn right at the end of Bridge Street into Riverside Road.(the second traffic lights, the first crossing)

8, Take the first turning on your left.

9, Go straight on to the traffic light and then turn right, you’ll see (find)it next to the cinema.

话题写作：环境保护

一．常用词汇

A good environment; protect the environment; keep the balance of nature; environmentally friendly products; green energy; green products; ban the use of plastic bags; forbid; ban motorcycle on the road; stop/keep/prevents sb from doing; pollute; be polluted; air pollution; air quality standard; Waste is scattering here and there(到处是废物)；send out smoke and poisonous gases into the air; cut down trees; pour waste water into rivers without being treated; a heavy rain/snow; be hot/smoggy/flooded; carbon dioxide; chemical change; climate change; dirty; drought; dry; flood; global warming; green-house effect; sea level; water surface; water treatment; water pollution control; early warning system; form good habits to protect the surroundings; take active measures to protect rare animals; take good care of our forests; fight against pollution 二．常用句式

1.As we know, the terrible pollution has done great harm to us as well as to the surroundings.

2.It is very important to deal with the rubbish in cities. Rubbish should be treated properly.

3.With the development of agriculture and industry, more and more waste is produced.

4.Now more and more people have come to realize how serious this problem is .

5.We must make good use of water and avoid polluting it.

6.Something must be done to prevent factories from polluting the air.

7.It is generally agreed that civilized people should love and protect wild animals.

8.Thus more effective measures should be taken immediately to protect wild animals.

9.Only in this way can we enjoy fresh air and live a healthy life.

10.To protect ourselves, we must keep the balance of nature.\

11. We should take good care of the forest and plant more trees instead of cutting down so as to improve our living conditions.

话题写作：锻炼，健康，饮食，习惯

一．常用词汇

1.锻炼：spend one’s time in many different ways; take regular exercise; play chess(basketball); climb mountains, go swimming; breathe in fresh air; be of benefit to sb do harm to ; be harmful to

2.健康：energetic; full of energy; feel refreshed; build up one’s body/improve one’s

health; lose weight; remove heavy burdens; handle stress; be in good shape; be in good/poor health; stay healthy; keep fit; physical and mental condition; feel weak/well/terrible/sick; have a pain in..; be good/bad for one’s health(eyes); overweight; put on weight; thin; near-sighted, mentally unhealthy.

3.饮食.习惯：unhealthy eating habits, eat much junk food, proper diet, good living habits, go on diet, form a… eating habit; get into /form the habit of…;enough sleep 二．常用句式

1. Some (foolish) people seem to hold the view that smoking is an enjoyment. But in fact, smoking does great harm to people’s health. We must try to persuade people to give up smoking.

2. Study shows that cigarette smoking can cause cancers. Millions of smokers die from illness caused by smoking tobacco.

3.In addition to health problems, there are other reasons to give up smoking.

4.From the above, I come to the conclusion that smoking does great harm to our health.

5. It’s been proved that early rising can make people full of energy. Early rising helps to keep fit.

6.As the English proverb says,”Early to bed and early to rise, make a man healthy, wealthy and wise”

7. Experts suggest that people should have regular sports every day.

8. From now on, we ought to break away from the bad habit and form a good one.

9.As we all know, spending too much time on TV may have bad effects on our work and health, especially on our eyes.

10. There are many ways of keeping good health.

11.Now more and more students are getting near-sighted in schools because they have paid little attention to the care of their eyes.

话题写作：业余生活，兴趣爱好，节假日旅游

一．常用句式

1.业余生活. 兴趣爱好：hobby, enjoy doing sth by oneself; be good for/do good to; attend

training courses; study under a tutor/private teacher; take part in social practice; go for an outing ;admire the scenery; relax oneself; feel refreshed; see the sights of Beijing; play the piano; have a picnic over the weekend; go to the cinema; have a party; help sb do sth;

enjoy a family trip; ride one’s bike with sb to(the park); spare time, favorite, read novels, do some reading, surf the internet, chat online, play games, collect stamps, make e-friends, watch TV, enjoy popular music, be interested in, be fond of

2.节假日：New Year’s Day, Mid-Autumn Day, National Day, the Spring Festival,

summer holiday

3.旅游景点：a hot spot; a place of interest, a tourist destination, a city with a long history, a

quiet village, beautiful scenery, natural attractions, one of the great wonders of the world, the Great Wall, the Summer Place, Zhongshan Park, in peak tourist seasons, a three-day tour

4.旅游有关：travel agency, an experienced guide, the tour route, a five-star hotel, a good

restaurant, a return ticket, a single ticket, the 11th Asian Games, on one’s way to France, on the back way, spend one’s holiday on the sea, travel to England

二．常用句式

1，It was a very relaxing Sunday.

2，We enjoy a change from our busy life in the city.

3，There are good programs on TV on weekends.

4, As future builders of our country, we should make full use of our time to work hard, and do things to benefit our country.

5.Playing games on computers can be a waste of time.

话题写作：和谐社会

一，常用词汇

Harmonious, harmonize, friendly, civilized（文明的）, behaviour, honest, faithful, in public, behave oneself, behave well, charity sales（慈善事业）, be public-spirited（有公德心的）, be in order, peaceful, live in harmony, sustainable development（可持续发展）, keep the balance of nature, love one’s motherland, respect, show respect to sb, express one’s thanks to sb, help each other, care for each other, have deep love for, get on well with others, treat others politely, wait in line, help the old and the disabled, offer one’s seat t sb, be concerned with, build a harmonious society, cherish（珍惜）, take an active part in, pay attention to social morals（讲究社会公德）, protect the environment, save energy, stop pollution, protect wild animals.

二，常用句式

1，….can be achieved by hard work.

2.It is honorable/shameful to…

3.If everyone…for others and the society, our world will be…

4,Every one should…and devote himself to building our motherland into a strong country

话题写作：校园生活

1，学习

put one’s heart into…专注于.;study in groups….小组学习;succeed in doing sth.成功做…

set/achieve a goal设立、达到目标; encourage sb to do sth鼓励某人做某事

prepare oneself for…为…做好准备; be active n class课堂上活跃、积极

be interested in/be fond of….对…感兴趣;

improve study methods/better ways of learning改进学习方法

be good at擅长; be weak in 不擅长;do one’s homework做作业; do some reading阅读

have eight classes上八节课; learn….by heart熟记、背诵; major in history主修历史

work out a problem算出、解决一个问题; work on a maths problem计算一道数学题

work hard at 努力学习; exchange opinions交换意见

2,成绩

fulfill one’s dream实现梦想; one of the top student顶尖学生之一

rank the first排名第一; have a good command of熟练掌握

get a doctor’s degree获得博士学位; make progress in在…方面取得进步

with good grades in成绩好; pass an exam考试及格; fail in the test考试不及格

3.活动

do sports after school放学后参加体育运动

take an active part in out of class activities在课外活动中起着积极的作用

join in an English contest参加英语竞赛;hold a party to celebrate…举行派对来庆祝

4.生活

keep/observe school rules遵守校规; break school rules违反校规

live on one’s own独立生活; learn to be independent学会独立

get on well with sb/sth相处愉快，进展顺利; help each other with sth互相帮助

make friends with sb与某人交朋友; be burdened with great stress背负着巨大的压力exam anxiety考试焦虑; feel anxious/down觉得紧张、沮丧

lose heart气馁、失去信心; handle pressure处理压力

be neatly dressed穿着整洁; keep the environment clean保持环境清洁

form a good habit of养成….的习惯; wait in line排队

cheat in an exam考试作弊;get in line插队

fight/quarrel with sb与某人打架、吵架;throw rubbish/spit everywhere到处乱扔垃圾、吐痰5.师生关系

respect one’s teachers and parents尊敬师长;be friendly to sb对某人友好

know sb. really well很熟悉某人;

be strict with sb in sth在某事上对某人严格要求

be satisfied with对…感到满意; treat …as..把…看作

treat sb equally平等对待; blame sb. for sth因…而责备某人

trust each other彼此信任; share sth with sb与某人分享

keep in touch with sb与某人保持联系; devote all one’s time to work工作兢兢业业

give advice on sth就某事提建议;make one’s lessons lively and interesting课上得生动有趣praise sb for sth.因…而表扬某人; teach sb,教某人英语

teach sb how to do sth.教某人怎样做…

话题写作：灾难性事件

灾难性事件是指战争，水灾，火灾，旱灾，地震，意外事故（如交通事故。空难等），有i 关词句如下：

1，事件名称：disaster, catastrophe, air crash, snow disaster, flood, drought, earthquake, an active volcano, a big fire, tsunami, storm, typhoon, hurricane, sandstorm, financial crisis, energy/food crisis, traffic accidents, robbery, murder, theft, commit suicide, burglar, thief, robber

2，表示发生

（1）a big fire/a war/ an earthquake broke out…一场大火发生/一场战争/ 地震爆发于…

(2)the earthquake/ accident happened/ occurred…地震/事故发生于…

(3)an earthquake hit/ struck/ shocked the district.这地区受地震的袭击。

3,表示起因

（1）The traffic accident was caused by /was due to careless driving.这起车祸起因于驾驶疏忽

（2）The cause of the fire was carelessness.起火的原因是由于疏忽。

（3）The fire was due to the fact that someone dropped a lighted cigarette.这火灾是由于有人丢落燃这的香烟而引起的。

4，表示财产损失

词汇：cause/ suffer great losses, cost sb sth, destroy, damage, ruin, in ruins, missing, steal sth from sb, rob sb of sth, break into, sink, erupt, blow up, burn down, collapse, fall off, fall down, knock into/down, wash away, blow away, cut off

句式：(1)…caused great damage to…。。。对。。。造成重大损失

（2）Hundreds of house were damaged by the storm.暴风雨毁坏了叔百万家房屋。

（3）A number of houses was burnt down in the fire.好些房子在火灾中都烧毁了。

（4）Many houses were washed away by the flood.许多房子都被洪水冲走了。

（5）After the earthquake, water ,gas and electricity were all cut off.地震过去后，水，电，气全部都被切断了。

（6）We don’t know how many town were destroyed, but we know many people lost their home.我们不知道有多少城镇被震毁，但我们知道很多人失去了他们的家园。

（7）The big floods, which occurred in 1998, caused great losses.发生于1998年的特大洪灾造成了巨大损失。

（8）The accident delayed all the traffic for an hour and caused the damage of $ 80,000.这次事故阻碍交通达一个小时，造成8万美元的经济损失。

5，表示人员伤亡

词汇：get killed, injure, lose one’s life

句式：（1）Many people were injured/killed in the fire/accident/war/air crash.许多人死于这场火灾、事故、战争、空难。

（2）Tens of thousands of people lost their precious life owing to the strong earthquake in Sichun Province.因为四川的这场大地震，几万人失去了宝贵的生命。

（3）As a result, the three-storied building was destroyed. 50 people were killed, and more than 200 were injured.结果，那座三层楼的楼房被毁坏，50人死亡，200多人受伤

6，表示过程与处理

词汇：send sb to hospital; call in the police; call for a doctor; call an ambulance

句式：（1）A big fire broke out in an office building in a busy street. The fire lasted about two hours and was finally put out in the afternoon.

(2)Fortunately, the injured people were sent to hospital without delay.

话题写作：活动介绍

1.活动时间：注意介词in, on, at 表示时间的用法差别。

2.活动地点：on the playground, in the stadium/building/gym/club

3.大小顺序：时间和地点状语同时出现时，地点状语在前，时间状语在后；时间

或地点都是小单位在前，大单位在后。

4.活动目的：In order to…,we will hold….;We will hold…in order to /so as to /to…

5.组织者和参与者：注意专有名词首字母大写。

学生会the Students’Union; 学生团委the Youth League; 班级. 年级Class One,

Junior/Senior Two; 赞助商the sponsor(s); 公司the company; 参与者the

participant(s)/contestant(s), the person who enters for…, those who participate in…

6,活动内容：

词汇：activity, competition, match, party, meeting, a speech/English/singing/dancing Contest; the English Corner; the sports meet; a talent show; a birthday/dancing/party; have a discussion; the opening/closing ceremony; give/attend a lecture on…; go for an outing/a picnic; go hiking; bring…along with sb; exchange presents; put on performances; journey; trip, etc.

句式：

The activity/competition includes/ consists of….

The match can be divided into…parts.

The party will begin/end with…

In the activity…will be included.

We have quite a few activities planned such as (doing)sth.

We have the chance/opportunity to do sth.

We will be provided with the chance/opportunity to do sth.

7,活动特点：可用meaningful, interesting, exciting, challenging, wonderful, fantastic 等形容词修饰活动。

8，活动的效果：

play an important role/part in …

contribute to…

provide sb. with a chance/an opportunity to do sth.

offer sb. a chance/an opportunity to do sth.

enable/allow sb. to do

enrich one’s life( experience)

increase one’s interest in sth.

improve one’s ability/ skills

increase/arouse one’s enthusiasm/passion for sth

show one’s talent for sth.

show/ take great interest in sth.

9,其他常用的相关短语

（1）举行：hold, organize

(2)参加：sign up; take part in; participate in, join in, enter for(报名参加)；attend（出席会议，晚会，婚礼等）

（3）成功（获得名次），失败：come first/second/third/last; win the championship, be/become the champion/runner-up/second runner-up, get the first/second/third place, lose the game, be beaten in the game, fail(in)sth.; fail to do sth.; win sth., beat sb.

(4)竞争，比赛：compete in sth., compete with sb. for sth.; fight against sb.

(5)过得很愉快：have a good/wonderful time, enjoy oneself, have great fun, have an unforgettable evening

话题写作：今昔对比

在作今昔对比时，要注意时态的变化，谈到过去的情况要用过去时态（主要是一般过去时），谈到现在的情况要用现在时态（主要是一般现在时）。今昔对比类写作的基本结构是：开头（提出什么事情发生了变化）---对具体事例作对比---结论

一．开头常用句型

1，Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the last five years.

2，Quite a few changes have taken place in my school since you left China.

3，Over the past twenty years or so, great changes have taken place In our life.

4，Things have begun to improve since…

5，Things have begun to improve since schools were called on to reduce learning load.

二，对比常用句型

1，…used to…, but now…

2,…in the past, but now…

3, once…, but now…

4,Things are different now.

5, But now, everything has changed.

三，高考经典例句

1.Where the playground used to be now stands another new building—our library.

2.I used to have to work even at weekends doing endless homework and attending classes as

well. Now I have more free time.

3.My parents contacted others mainly by sending them letters in the past, but now we call

long distance at home.

4.Once my parents listened to the radio for news and other information, but now we watch

the news and other programs on TV.

5.When they got married about twenty years ago, my parents lived in a small room crowded

with furniture, but now we have moved into a big new three-room apartment.

四，灵活变换句子

在作对比时，为避免句型重复，可适当变换一些句式。如：

1.Another big change is in the housing conditions.

2.What’s more, I can go to bed earlier4 than in the past.

五，结尾常用句型

In short, changes In our life in the past twenty years have brought us comfort and convenience.

话题写作：表达意见，正反观点

一．正反观点对比的常用句型

1，We’ve had a discussion about whether an entrance fee should be charged for parks.

2，We’ve carried about a survey on whether students should be allowed to carry mobile phones to schools.

3，With the development of society, opinions are divided on whether students should go to university.

4，People’s opinions about…vary from person to person. Some people say that...To them…

5，Different people have/hold different opinions/views on the question/problem/matter. Some believe that…;Others argue that…Still others maintain that…

6，Others have different opinions.

7，Sixty percent of the students are for the idea, while forty percent of the students think otherwise.

8，Sixty percent of the students think it necessary to…but forty percent of the students don’t think so.

9，On the one hand…On the other hand…

二，在对某一观点作进一步论证时，可用下列句型

1，What’s more…

What’s more, we can get a good knowledge of the culture and social customs of the country where we study, as well as improve our English.

2, Besides,…

Some students can not discipline themselves. Besides, it’s far too expensive to study abroad, which is a load to the family.

话题写作：表达原因，利与弊，结论

一，表达原因

1，句型归纳

（1）There are three reasons for this.

（2）The reasons for this are as follows.

（3）The reason for this is obvious.

（4）The reason for this is not far to seek.

（5）The reason for…is that….

（6）The reason why….is that…

（7）We have good reasons to believe that….

2.语篇范例

There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life. Firstly , people’s living standard has been greatly improved. Secondly , most people are well paid and they can afford what they need or like. Last but not least, more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life.

二，表示好处

1，句型归纳

（1）It has the following advantages.

（2）It does us a lot of good.

（3）It benefits us quite a lot.

（4）It is of great benefit to us.

2,语篇范例

Books are like friends. They can help us know the world better, and they can open our minds and widen our horizons. Therefore , reading extensively is of great benefit to us.

三，表示坏处

1，句型归纳

（1）It has more disadvantages than advantages.

（2）It does us much harm.

（3）It is harmful to us.

2,语篇范例

However , everything divides into two. Television can also be harmful to us. It can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching television.

四，表示结论

1，短语归纳

in short; briefly/in brief; generally speaking, in a word, as you know, as is known to all, to sum up, in conclusion

2,句型归纳

（1）From what has been discussed above/Taking into account all these factors, we may safely come to the conclusion that…

(2)It is high time that we put special emphasis on…

(3)There is no immediate solution to the problem of…,but…might be beneficial.

(4)There is little doubt/denying that…

(5)It is obvious that the task of…requires immediate attention.

(6)As far as…be concerned, I believe /think that…

(7)In short… should learn to…, Only in this way can the most difficult problems be solved

properly.