2018年上海春季高考题

2018年上海春季高考

第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将选项涂黑。

A

Horniman Museum and Gardens

The Horniman Museum and Gardens is a fascinating,

family-friendly attraction in South London’s Forest Hill. It has been open since Victorian times when Frederick John Horniman first opened his house and extraordinary collection of objects to visitors. It includes internationally important collections of anthropology (人类学) and musical instruments, as well as a highly praised aquarium (水族馆) and natural history collection. Unusually in such an important museum, you can see the collection up close and face to face. You can even pick up, try on and play with some of the objects. Visitors come time and time again to explore the museum, take part in various activities and enjoy the 16-acre gardens.

Join Horniman members

Become a member of the Horniman Museum and Gardens and enjoy a year of inspiration, surprise and enjoyment at our wonderful

family-friendly Museum and Gardens. By joining as a member, you will receive some fantastic benefits.

Join today with just ￡20 and receive:

·Free entry to the aquarium. Enjoy free, unlimited entry to our much-loved aquarium.

·Free entry to exhibitions. Explore the world with free, unlimited entry to our exhibitions.

·10% discount at the shop. Bring some of the Horniman’s magic home with a 10% discount in our shop.

·Free e-newsletter. Learn more about what’s happening at the Horniman and be the first to hear about upcoming members’ events.

How to join Horniman members

You can join Horniman members online or by visiting the Ticket Desk at the Horniman.

·Save ￡4 if you pay yearly by direct debit (银行自动扣款)—download the form, and either post to us or bring to the Ticket Desk.

·Remember all children under 3 go free throughout the museum. 21.What do we know about the HornimanMuseum and Gardens?

A.People can visit it free of charge anytime.

B.It was started by Horniman in Victorian times.

C.There are many rare animals and plants in it.

D.It offers unusual exhibits that cannot be touched.

22.What benefits can the members of the Horniman get?

a. Enjoying a 10% discount on admission.

b. Entering the aquarium for free for a year,

c. Visiting the museum for free all the time.

d. Being kept informed of the newest information.

A.a，b

B.b, d

C.a, d

D.a, c

23.How much should Mr. and Mrs. Smith pay yearly by direct debit to join Horniman members with their 2-year-old son?

A.￡32.

B.￡20.

C.￡40.

D.￡48.

B

Twenty-five years ago, as a parent educator, I began reading about the dangers of praise. I was completely shocked by what I was learning: praise is not good for kids. How could that be? So I spent years talking with experts, reading about the effects of praise, and finally decided to close the door on praise and focus on building an encouraging family.

Even today, with many studies available to parents, I still hear people say, “How can that be? How can saying ‘Good job’ or ‘You’re smart’ be bad?” I understand. It can be a difficult habit to break.

If we tell a boy “You are smart!” when he brings home an A in his math test, how does he feel when he comes home with a D? If we’ve told him that he is smart, then he will more likely feel a failure when he struggles with homework—“I’m supposed to be smart. Why can’t I do this?”

Praise trains children to depend on constant feedback on what a “great job” they are doing. This dependency damages children’s confidence. Praise trains children to ask, “Do you like it?” “Did I do a good job?” They begin to believe that what others think is more important than what they think about their achievements and mistakes.

Praise breaks the relationship between parents and children. Without even realizing it, parents may be using praise as a tool to direct the child’s behavior. The message is clear — I approve of you when you ... and I don’t approve of you when you ... Living with this kind of constant judgment damages the relationship.

The solution to the problem of praise is encouragement. Encouragement can be given at any time, to anyone, in any situation. It is a comment, an acknowledgment, a statement that focuses on effort, improvement or choice. Hearing “You are smart!” can leave a child at a loss when they don’t do well. Using “T hat took a lot of work to come home with an A in your test …” gives a child the chance to be something else.

24.What can be inferred from the first two paragraphs?

A.Many parents can’t get on well with their children.

B.The author never shows any approval to his children.

C.The author spent 25 years changing people’s opinion on praise.

D.It’s hard for many parents to believe praise is harmful.

25.According to the passage, it seems that parents’ praise ______.

A.can lead to children’s being smart

B.helps them get along well with their children

C.is a good tool to educate their children

D.might have just the opposite effect

26.Which of the following is a good example of encouragement?

A.You didn’t think you could finish on time, but you did.

B.You are the best artist I have ever seen.

C.You have a problem and you have to fix it.

D.You are very good at math.

27.What can be the best title for the passage?

A. A study on praise and encouragement

B.Mind your words when praising your children

C.Replace praise with your encouragement

D.The difference between praise and encouragement

C

Seventy-three-year-old George McNeilon selected his food in Value Mart very carefully. After leaving the cashier, he calculated that he had saved 80 cents and thought that he had got good value for his money again.

At the exit, the chilly wind reminded him of his gloves. “Where are they?” He searched here and there, but nowhere could he find them. George was sure he was wearing them when he entered the store. It was obvious that they must have been dropped somewhere inside the store.

George bought the gloves at a 25% discount, for just $30, ten years ago. They were genuine lambskin (小羊皮). Until then, he had worn cheaper ones that lasted no more than three years. His impulsive decision to buy the expensive gloves turned out to be a good one, which even promoted his

social status on the bus, as passengers stared at him enviously for six months out of the year. He enjoyed being envied.

Bad luck, George thought, to lose his gl oves on New Year’s Eve. He, calm on the outside but frantic in the inside, reentered the store. Several minutes of search turned out to be in vain. “Society has changed. People have changed…’’ he murmured to himself. “Years ago, if people picked up somethi ng lost, they would give it back.”

Back home, George was at a loss. In deep winter, he could not do anything without a pair of gloves.

After the holiday, George decided to buy another pair of leather gloves. Before boarding the subway, he stepped into Value Mart again to see if by any chance his gloves had been returned to the lost and found office.

“What color are they?” the woman in the office asked.

“Black,” he answered.

She looked into her drawer and drew out a pair of men’s leather gloves.

“Are they?”

“Yes! Those are mine!”

28.What is the most probable reason for George’s shopping?

A.To kill time in Value Mart as usual.

B.To prove how wise he was with money.

C.To prepare for the coming New Year.

D.To see whether there were gloves on sale.

29.Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “frantic” in Para. 4?

A.Ashamed.

B.Anxious.

C.Afraid.

D.Angry.

30.What do we know about old George McNeilon?

A.Economical but vain.

B.Clever but simple.

C.Pure but impolite.

D.Warmhearted but poor.

31.What can be inferred from the passage?

A.In daily life, accidents will happen.

B. A penny saved is a penny earned.

C.Never ever jump to conclusions.

D. A loss may turn out to be a gain.

D

The sharing economy, represented by companies like Airbnb or Uber, is the latest fashion craze. But many supporters have overlooked the reality that this new business model is largely based on escaping regulations and breaking the law.

Airbnb is an Internet-based service that allows people to rent out spare rooms to strangers for short stays. Uber is an Internet taxi service that allows thousands of people to answer ride requests with their own cars. There are hundreds of other such services.

The good thing about the sharing economy is that it promotes the use of underused resources. Millions of people have houses or apartments with empty rooms, and Airbnb allows them to profit from these rooms while allowing guests a place to stay at prices that are often far less than those charged by hotels. Uber offers prices that are competitive with standard taxi prices and their drivers are often much quicker and more trustworthy.

But the downside of the sharing economy has gotten much less attention. Most cities and states both tax and regulate hotels, and the tourists who stay in hotels are usually an important source of tax income. But many of Airbnb’s customers are not paying the taxes required under the law.

Airbnb can also raise issues of safety for its customers and trouble for hosts’ neighbors. Hot els are regularly inspected to ensure that they are not fire traps and that they don’t form other risks for visitors. Airbnb hosts face no such inspections.

Since Airbnb is allowing people to escape taxes and regulations, the company is simply promoting thefts. Others in the economy will lose by bearing an additional tax burden or being forced to live next to an apartment unit with a never-ending series of noisy visitors.

The same story may apply with Uber. Uber is currently in disputes over whether its cars meet the safety and insurance requirements imposed on standard taxis. Also, if Uber and related services flood the market, they could harm all taxi drivers’ ability to earn a minimum wage.

This downside of the sharing needs to be taken seriously, but that doesn’t mean the current tax and regulatory structure is perfect.

32.What is the positive thing about the sharing economy?

A.It is a global

trend.

B.It is beyond regulations.

C.It brings in modest profits.

D.It takes advantage of spare resources.

33.What is the problem with Airbnb customers according to the passage?

A.They can be noisy to hosts’ neighbours.

B.They are likely to commit thefts.

C.They are allowed not to pay taxes.

D.They are not regularly inspected.

34.What is the argument over Uber according to the passage?

A.Whether it provides reliable services.

B.Whether it guarantees customers’ safety.

C.Whether it lowers customers’ expenses.

D.Whether it can compete with standard taxis.

35.What will be talked about in the following paragraphs?

A.Existing regulations and laws.

B.Further development of Airbnb and Uber.

C.Necessary improvements of current laws.

D.More downsides of Airbnb and Uber.

第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Americans are obsessed (着迷的) with telling their life stories. This phenomenon isn’t simply the product of the technological

world. ___36___. People are eager to tell stories and are fascinated by those of others. Even at preschool, “sharing time” is a comm on Monday-morning activity where the teenagers will sit in a circle and take turns telling a story about something they did over the weekend.

___37___. In many Asian countries, talking about and drawing attention to oneself can be seen as socially inappropriate. People are often unwilling to share their life stories and do not encourage others to do so. But there are also times when Asians do share their stories. ___38___. Asians believe that a person is largely decided by his or her social status and relationships, leaving little reason to broadcast detailed and revealing personal stories to establish a unique self.

Ironically, the more unique Americans strive to be, the greater their need to feel connected with others. In their culture of individuality, relationships are highly mobile and can be easily formed or dissolved (破裂).

Sharing personal stories brings them closer through the exchange of thoughts, feelings and desires. ___39___. But this motivation is not

nearly as strong among Asians, for whom social relations are generally unconditional, obligatory(义不容辞的) and stable, and therefore require little maintenance (维护).

___40___. American parents encourage children to share their stories and create opportunities to re-experience the past with children. Asian parents, by contrast, engage their children in telling personal stories less frequently. When they do talk about a child’s experiences, they are not particularly concerned with parent-child bonding but tend to focus on disciplining the child.

A.It help s them shape their “selves” and makes them who they are.

B.They tend to focus more on outer facts than personal details.

C.Talking about personal stories is to cheer people on with positive feelings.

D.It connects them like many different points, holding their society together.

E. Sharing personal stories is also an essential part in everyday conversations.

F. Parents in America and Asia differ in how they share memories with children.

G.Interestingly, this obsession is not necessarily shared in other cultures.

第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

I still remember it was in the winter of 1990 that, together with the help of my older sister, I ___41___down my wishes for Christmas onto a piece of paper. How I wished on Christmas Eve my grandest wish would be ___42___and placed under the Christmas tree—a puppy. When we were done, our wish-lists were collected by our parents with the promise to be ___43___to Santa’s hard-working helpers.

The next day, our parents sat us down in the living-room,

with____44_____ expressions on their faces. As it ___45___, they had seen our wishes, now wanting to talk to us about one wish ___46___—the puppy. For a moment, I held my breath, but was ___47___when they told us that they weren’t against a puppy. What they___48___against was putting it under the Christmas tree. That was not a good idea.

They ___49___taught us that an animal was not a gift that belonged to the same ___50___as our toys. Animals were creatures with ___51___. Once we decide to have one, it would be a (an) ___52___to our family. An animal ___53___ a lot of responsibilities. It wasn’t anything one bought out of a mood. An animal could not be exchanged or ___54___when we did n’t feel like it. A animal wasn’t a toy. An animal was

a ___55___family member that needed lots of love and attention. An animal was not a ___56___, but a family decision. A serious decision. And a big decision.

___57___, my Parents share my love for animals, so the decision came reasonably ___58___. After our grandparents had given

their ___59___up for taking care of the dog, while we were on future vacations, the answer was yes. Yes, we would get a puppy.

The following days and weeks, there was only one ___60___：our new family member! Yes, a family member, because animals have their rights. They are not simply food or gifts. We humans must attend, love and protect them.

41. A.left B.got C.pulled D.set

42. A.fulfilled B.declined C.challenged

D.rejected

43. A.given away B.taken on C.passed on D.put up

44. A.dangerous B.curious C.mysterious

D.serious

45. A.taken out B.turned out C.run out

D.held out

46. A.in peace B.in order C.in return D.in particular

47. A.relieved B.frightened C.inspired

D.pardoned

48. A.objected B.protested C.opposed

D.resisted

49. A.hurriedly B.patiently C.anxiously

D.roughly

50. A.category B.routine C.schedule

D.arrangement

51. A.secrets B.feelings C.characters

D.sufferings

52. A.convenience B.tradition C.heritage

D.extension

53. A.signed B.attained C.meant

D.guaranteed

54. A.put forward B.put up C.put off D.put aside

55. A.precious B.original C.responsible

D.native

56. A.puzzle B.servant C.gift

D.victim

57. A.Luckily B.Ridiculously C.Particularly

D.Negatively

58. A.difficult B.contradictory C.easy

D.concrete

59. A.toes B.thumbs C.noses D.eyes

60. A.topic B.argument C.prejudice

D.theme

第II卷

第三部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)

第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或所给单词的正确形式

World Read Aloud Day is celebrated each year on the first Wednesday of March. ___61___ (start) by the https://www.360docs.net/doc/cc10191820.html, website in 2010, it has now reached 65 countries. ___62___aim is to encourage people worldwide who cannot read to enjoy the benefits of a book. The website asks everyone ___63___(celebrate) the day by taking a book, finding an audience, and reading out aloud. It is about taking action to show the world that the right to read and write ___64___(belong) to all people.

The website asks visitors to join in the movement to

reduce___65___number of illiterate (不识字的) people in the world. It is ___66___(absolute) necessary to help those who cannot read. The w ebsite says, “It’s time to start by reading aloud to___67___might like it. Share a book with a child who might need it, share a story with someone who would treasure it, and listen patiently to

someone ___68___ (else) story as they share with you.” The U nited Nations says, “Literacy involves a variety of learning in enabling individuals to achieve their goals, to develop

their ___69___(knowledge), and to participate fully in society.” In that way, World Read Aloud Day does help make a ___70___(different).

第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)

第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(﹨)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线(___)，并在该词下面写出修改的词。

注意:

1. 每处错误及修改均仅限一词;

2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

As the saying goes, filial piety (孝顺) is the most important in all virtues. Respect the elderly is a Chinese tradition, what is valued by all Chinese. It is also very important for the society to develop healthy. To care the elders not only involve a child and a family，but also benefits the society and the country. So this problem has become a heating issue.

As children, they should take care of its elders in material and spirit. For an example, they ought to go back home often see their parents and accompany them. As the government, they should perfect the law, because the system was far from perfect. What’s more, the government should provide assistance with the elderly.

第二节：书面表达(满分25分)

假设你是学生李华，得知好朋友William在学习中感到压力很大，学习效果甚微，请你按照以下要点给他写一封电子邮件，帮助他放松身心，提高学习效率。

1.快乐学习

2.课外活动

3.多交流

注意：

1.词数100左右，开头和结尾已为你写好(不记入总词数)，但不得抄入答题卡内。

2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear William,

Recently, I have heard that you feel stressed about study. I have a good mind to offer you some advice on how to study effectively.

Yours

Li Hua

答案

阅读：BBA DDAC CBAC DABC EGBDF

完型：DACDB DABBA BDCDA CACBA

语法填空：

61. Started 62. The /

Its 63. to celebrate 64. belongs

65. the 66.

absolutely 67. whoever 68. else’s

69. knowledge 70. difference

改错：

Respect→Respecting what→which

healthy→healthily involve →involves

heating→heated its→t heir

an去

掉

often to see

was→is

with→for

书面表达：

Dear William,

Recently, I have heard that you feel stressed about study. I have a good mind to offer you some advice on how to study effectively.

First of all, learn in a relaxing way. This will remove our pressure, making study an easy job. One way to keep up our spirits is to take part in sports. Not only does exercise build up the body, but also it provides us time to relax and fresh our mind. In this way we can memorize things faster and longer. Music, too, is another effective means of refreshing and helping us concentrate better.

Last but not least, we should exchange ideas with our classmates. Through the communication we can find support, which will encourage us to overcome difficulties in our study. Keep trying, and we will make it.

I hope all these can benefit you.

Yours,

Li Hua