2019届中考英语总复习第3部分中考题型攻略篇题型5还原句子精讲练习

题型五还原句子

题型特点

该题型要求学生根据短文内容,将文章后所给的A、B、C、D四个句子填入文中空缺处,使短文内容完整、正确。主要考查学生的逻辑能力,对学生英语综合能力要求很高。这道题许多学生很畏难,所以需加强训练。

解题策略

一、解题技巧

1.把握文章整体,了解文章大意。

首先通读全文,掌握文章大意。解此类题的关键是把握文章的整体架构,特别要分析文章前后内容之间的联系,以保持文章内容的连贯性、结构的紧凑性以及逻辑的严密性,并作为还原句子的依据。

2.分析选项,瞻前顾后。

认真分析选项及文章,尤其是文章空格处前后两句话中的代词究竟指代的是什么。可以参照时间先后顺序,前后因果关系等；也可以根据上句的信息推断下句的信息,通过下句的信息推断上句的信息。这样前后对照、承上启下、上贯下通,抓住文章的脉络,更容易恢复原文的语义。

3.根据空格位置,判断选项特征。

(1)空格位于段首时：此时,空格处通常为该段的主题句,找到该段的关键词,选项中与之意思接近的即为答案。

(2)空格位于段尾时：空格处有时为该段的主题句(同上)；有时为总结句,即首尾呼应之句,此时应着重看首句,对照选项,找出重合之解；有时为承上启下的过渡句,此时应注意下段文章,找出下段文章的关键词,对照选项,与本段重合的即为答案。

(3)空格位于段中时：空格若在主题句后,则为主题句之扩展句,找出与关键词有关的选项；空格若在段中间,则依据前后句判断。

(4)空格为独立段时：此时应注意看空格上、下两段的文意,判断是顺承还是转承,若前后所讲的为同一个意思,则空格段为论据；若前后所讲的为几个不同的意思,则空格段或为过渡段,或为新话题段,注意找出含有下段关键词的选项。

注意：当选项中出现了序数词或选择性代词时,如secondly,the third,on the other hand,another等,一定要注意看文章中是否已“埋伏”了这些词的对应词。一般来说,出现这些词时,可首先考虑该选项。

4.重读还原后的短文,验证答案。

选项选好后,应将所选的选项代入文中去验证,检查全篇文章是否贯通流畅,内容是否清晰,前后意思是否矛盾,相近选项的顺序是否颠倒,是否符合上下文的逻辑关系,等等。

二、解题步骤

1.读选项,画关键词；

2.读文章,找逻辑,抓过渡词；

3.先易后难来解题；

4.回读文章定答案。

解题步骤口诀：读原文,了大意；读选项,找关系；先填易,找顺序；定答案,回读文。

三、得分技巧

1.抓住过渡词,看住上下句。

2.盯紧横线的前后词语。

(2018宜宾中考)阅读下面短文,把A、B、C、D 四个句子填入文中空缺处,使短文内容完整、正确。

Once,when the food we ordered at a restaurant arrived,the first thing we wanted to do was to eat right away.__1__ Others want to take at least five photos of their food to share on social media such as WeChat.

__2__ “Foodtography” has been around for longer than one would expect.Take US photographer Irving Penn (1917—2009) for example.In 1947,Vogue magazine published many food photos taken by Penn.Looking at the carefully put salad ingredients or the cakes on stands(货架),it would be easy to think Penn's 70-year-old photos were taken just last week.

Besides Penn's efforts,it seems that social media is behind the recent rise of foodtography.__3__ And the star posts just one delicious-looking food picture with the place where it was taken.It can bring hundreds of new customers for the restaurant.

So while it's fun to share pictures of delicious dishes with your friends,just remember the most important thing：__4__

A.Don't forget to eat your meal afterwards.

B.But now,some people just want to eat their meal.

C.Today,a social media star may have thousands of fans.

D.In fact,taking pictures before meals is not a recent thing.

【文章大意】文章讲述了现在一些人喜欢在就餐前拍照片到社交媒体上与他人分享。

1.【解析】根据空格后面“Others want to take at least five photos of their food to share on social media such as WeChat.”和选项可知,一些人只是想吃饭,而另一些人拍照在社交媒体,比如微信上,分享美食。

【答案】B

2.【解析】根据“‘Foodtography’ has been around for longer than one would expect.”和选项可知,这里应是吃饭前拍照不是最近的事情。

【答案】D

3.【解析】根据“And the star posts just one delicious-looking food picture with the place where it was taken.It can bring hundreds of new customers for the restaurant.”和选项可知,这里应是今天一个网红有成千上万的粉丝。

【答案】C

4.【解析】根据“So while it's fun to share pictures of delicious dishes with your friends,just remember the most important thing”和选项可知,这里应是不要忘了吃饭,这才是最重要的。

【答案】A

实战演练

A(2018凉山州中考改编)

Once a bird lived unhappily,so it traveled far away to look for its happiness.

It flew and flew.Suddenly it saw a spider climbing up a wall.The spider fell off the wall halfway.But it kept climbing again and fell off again.1.__D__ The little bird asked the spider in surprise,“Why don't you have pain but happiness on your face though you fail again and again？”

“Because I keep making my efforts.I'm very happy.”said the spider.

Then the little bird saw it：Happiness is a will in the heart.

The bird continued flying and saw a lame duck help a little duck who got lost to find the way

back home.2.__A__

“I'm happy because I can help others.”said the lame duck.

So the bird saw it：Happiness is a love in the heart.

The bird went on flying and suddenly saw a little dying flower,whose face was full of smile.3.__C__ So it asked the little flower,“You're going to die.4.__B__”

“Because my dream will come true.”said the little flower.

“What is your dream？”

“To produce sweet fruit.”

The little bird saw it：Happiness is a hope in the heart.

The little bird no more looked for happiness because it had seen the truth：happiness is not in the faraway place but in your own heart.You are the maker of your own happiness.

A.Although it was disabled,it had a smiling face.

B.Why are you still so happy?

C.The bird didn't know the reason.

D.Even so,the spider didn't give up.

B(2018凉山州中考改编)

How do you feel when you are fooled by others? No doubt,feel bad.There is nothing worse than falling for a joke and being a fool except one day.Yes,that's April Fool's Day.Nobody will be angry to be an “ April Fool”.1.__C__The headmaster at my school decided to play an April Fools' joke on the students when I was in high school.On March 31,she announced that our school would hold a “Dress to Impress” day.2.__B__

Girls were told to wear formal dresses and smart jackets,while a suit jacket and tie for each boy would be best.The teachers,we were told,would do the same.

On April Fool's Day,many of us students came to school dressed in our best clothes.Our hair was tidy and all our shoes were well cleaned.In the morning,all of us got together on the playground,waiting for the headmaster.She would speak to the students.3.__D__Instead,she wore jeans,running shoes and a T-shirt.The teachers also got dressed casually like her.

“April Fools！” she said,with a big smile on her face.“We just wanted to remind you that teachers have a sense of humor,too！”

Surely,all the teachers weren't April Fools.4.__A__

A.All us students spent the rest of the day feeling very foolish indeed.

B.This meant that the better you dressed at school,the higher your marks would be.

C.But everyone knows to be careful on the first day of April.

D.To our surprise,she wasn't dressed up at all.

C

Teenage life—better now,or in the past?

Does this situation sound familiar(熟悉)?

You are complaining(抱怨) to your parents about something.Maybe your computer isn't powerful enough to play the latest games.Or your friends' bikes are better than yours.Then you hear…

“When I was your age,there weren't any computers or video games.And I didn't get a bike until I was sixteen.And it was second-han d.1.__A__”

So,is it really true that life is better for teenagers now？It is certainly true that many teenagers have got more things nowadays.2.__B__ So parents have got more money to spend on each child.And many things are cheaper than they were when our parents were children.

3.__D__ Forty years ago,no one could imagine a world with tiny computers and amazing smartphones.And now these things are necessary—we can't imagine living without them!

However,technology often means we spend more time at home.And often it's just us,with our computer or television.Teenagers don't do enough exercise.4.__C__ And,although young people still get on well with their friends,some people think teenagers today don't have so many social activities as they did in the past.

What do you think？How is teenage life better these days?

A.And it was too big for me.

B.A typical family is smaller now.

C.So they aren't as healthy as they were in the past.

D.Technology is probably the greatest change in our life.

D

It's dangerous to laugh when you are chewing gum(嚼口香糖).You may choke(哽住) on the gum.1.__A__ However,she was lucky because her friend Miriam Starobin saved her with something she learned from the cartoon SpongeBobSquarePants(《海绵宝宝》).

The two girls were in music class.Their teacher said something funny and students began to laugh hard.Suddenly,Golden choked as the gum got stuck(堵住) in her throat.

2.__B__ “Suddenly,I couldn't laugh anymore.I couldn't breathe.” she said.

When Starobin saw Golden's face turn purple,she thought back to SpongeBob.In one part of the show,Sponge Bob uses the Heimlich maneuver(海姆利克氏急救法).3.__D__ Starobin pulled Golden off the ground and did the Heimlich three or four times,until the gum flew out from her mouth.“You just saved my life.I owe you big time.” Golden said to Starobin.

4.__C__ “There is always bad news about teenagers at this age,like bullying(欺负弱小) and drinking.I think we should learn from Starobin.She is really a hero.”

However,Starobin didn't think that she was a hero.“Heroes are people who even give their lives to save others.” she said.“I just did something that anyone could if they tried.”

A.This terrible situation happened to 12-year-old Allyson Golden.

B.Golden called the moment the most terrible moment of her life.

C.Their head teacher Audrey Goropeuschek was proud of her student.

D.You need to push below a person's chest (胸腔) to force air up his or her throat.