学位英语试题及答案
一、阅读理解
Passage 1
Scientists find that hard-working people live longer than average men and women. Career women are healthier than housewives. Evidence shows that the jobless are in poorer health than jobholders. An investigation shows that whenever the unemployment.
Why is work good for health? It is because work keeps people busy away from loneliness. Researches show that people feel unhappy, worried and lonely when they have nothing to do. Instead, the happiest are those who are busy. （79）Many high achievers who love their careers feel that they are happiest when they are working hard. Work serves as a bridge between man and reality. By work people come into with each other. By collective activity they find friendship and warmth. This is helpful to health. The loss of work means the loss of everything. It affects man spiritually and makes him ill.
Besides, work gives one a sense of fulfillment and a sense of achievement. Word makes one feel his value and status in society. When a writer finishes his writing or a doctor successfully operates on a patient or a teacher sees his students grow, they are happy beyond words.
（80）From the above we can come to the conclusion that the more you work the happier and healthier you will be. Let us work hard and study and live a happy and healthy life.
__. C
1.The underlined word “average” in Paragraph I means ____
A. healthy
B. lazy
C. ordinary
D. poor
2.The reason why housewives are not as healthy as career women is that ______. C
A.housewives are poorer than career women
B.housewives have more children than career women
C.housewives have less chance to communicate with others
D.housewives eat less food than career women
3. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to Paragraph 2? D
A.Busy people have nothing to do at home.
B.High achievers don't care about their families.
C.There is no friendship and warmth at home.
D.A satisfying job helps to keep one healthy.
4.We can infer from the passage that those who do not work _____. A
A.are likely to live a shorter life
B.will lose everything at home
C.can live as long as those who work
D.have more time to make new friends
5.The best title for this passage may be _____. B
A.People Should Find a Job
B.Working Hard Is Good for Health
C.People Should Make More Friends by Work
D.The Loss of Word Means the Loss of Everything
Passage 2
A study of art history might be a good way to learn more about a culture than is possible to learn in general history classes. Most typical history courses concentrate on politics, economics and war. But art history focuses on much more than this because art reflects not only the political values of a people, but also religious beliefs, emotions and psychology. In addition, information about the daily activities of our
ancestors can be provided by art. （78）In short, art expresses the essential qualities of a time and a place, and a study of it clearly offers us a deeper understanding than can be found in most history books.
In history books, objective information about the political life of a country is presented; that is, facts
（主观的）: it about politics are given, but opinions are not expressed. Art, on the other hand, is subjective
reflects emotions and opinions. The great Spanish painter Francisco Goya was perhaps the first truly
-known painting The Third of May, 1808, he criticized the Spanish “political” artist. In his well
government for its abuse （滥用）of power over people.
In the same way, art can reflect a culture's religious beliefs. For hundreds of years in Europe, religious art had been almost the only type of art that existed. Churches and other religious buildings were filled with paintings that described people and stories from the Bible. Although most people couldn't read, they could still understand the Bible stories in the pictures on church walls. By contrast, one of the main characteristics of art in the Middle East was （and still is）its absence of human and animal images. This reflects the Islamic belief that statues （雕像）are not holy.
6. More can be learned about a culture from a study of art history than general history because ___. C
A. art history shows us nothing but the political values
B. general history only focuses on politics
C. art history gives us an insight （洞察力）into the essential qualities of a time and a place
D. general history concerns only religious beliefs, emotions and psychology
7. Art is subjective in that _____. A
A. a personal and emotional view of history is presented through it
B. it only reflects people's anger or sadness about social problems
C. it can easily arouse people's anger about their government
D. artists were or are religious, who reflect only the religious aspect of the society
8. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? C
A. In history books political views of people are entirely presented.
B. Francisco Goya expressed his religious belief in his painting The Third of May, 1808
C. In the Middle East, you can hardly find animal or human figures on palaces or other building.
D. For centuries in Europe, painters had only painted on walls of churches or other religious buildings.
9 The passage mainly discusses _____. B
A. the development of art history
B. he difference between general history and art history
C. what we can learn from art
D. the influence of artists on art history
10. It can be concluded from the passage that _____. C
A. Islamic artists only paint images of plants, flowers or objects in their paintings
B. it is more difficult to study art history than general history
C. a history teacher must be quite objective
D. artists painted people or stories from the Bible to hide their political beliefs
Passage 3
Blind people can “see” things by using other parts of their bodies. This fact may help us to understand our feelings about color. If blind people can sense color differences, then perhaps we, too, are affected by color unconsciously（无意识地）。
（76）Manufacturers（生产商）have discovered by experience that sugar sells. Badly in green
（化妆品）should never be wrappings, that blue foods are considered unpleasant, and that cosmetics
packaged in brown. These discoveries have grown into a branch of color psychology.
Color psychology now finds application in everything from fashion to decoration. Some of our preferences are clearly psychological. Dark blue is the color of the night sky and therefore associated with calm, while yellow is a day color with associations of energy and incentive（刺激）. For a primitive man, activity during the day meant hunting and attacking, while he soon saw red as the color of blood and anger and the heat that came with effort. And green is associated with passive defense and self-protection.
（77）Experiments have shown that colors, partly because of their psychological associations, also have a direct psychological effect. People exposed to bring red show an increase in breath, in heartbeat and in blood pressure; red is exciting. Similar exposure to pure blue has exactly the opposite effect; it is a calming color. Because of its exciting meaning, red is chosen as the signal for danger, but closer analysis shows that a vivid yellow can produce a more basic state of alarm. So fire engines and ambulances in some advanced communities are now rushing around in bright yellow colors that stop the traffic dead.
11. Our preferences for certain colors are _______ according to the passage. A
A. associated with the time of the day
B. dependent on our personalities
C. are linked with our ancestors
D. partly due to psychological factors
12. If people are exposed to bright red, which of the following things does NOT happen? B
A. They breathe faster.
B. They feel satisfied.
C. Their blood pressure rises.
D. Their hearts beat faster.
13. Which of the following statements if NOT true according to the passage? B
A. Color probably has an effect on us which we are not conscious of.
B. Yellow fire engines have caused many bad accidents in some advanced communities.
C. People exposed to pure blue start to breathe more slowly.
D. The psychology of color is of some practical use.
14. Which of the following statements if TRUE according to the passage? C
A. Manufacturers often sell sugar in green wrapping.
B. Dark blue bring people the feeling of being energetic.
C. Primitive people associated heat and anger with red.
D. Green and yellow are associated with calm and passive defense.
15. Which of the following could be the most suitable title for the passage? D
A. The Branch of Color Psychology
B. Color and Its Meanings
C. The Practical Use of Color Psychology
D. Color and Feelings.
全文翻译
第一篇
科学家发现，努力工作的人要比普通人的寿命长。有工作的女人要比家庭主妇健康。有证据
表明无业者比有工作的人身体要差。一项调查显示，当失业率增加1%的时候，死亡率就会增加2%.
所有这些都说明一点，那就是工作有益健康。
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