08年3月自考试卷A
08年4月自考公务员制度真题及答案
08年4月自考公务员制度真题及答案一、单项选择题(本大题共30 小题，每小题1 分，共30 分) 在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。
错选、多选或未选均无分。
1.在我国，下列不属于公务员职位的是( D ) A.省政府机关领导 B.自治县办公室主任 C.中国致公党主席 D.行业协会会长 2.我国新录用的公务员的试用期是( C ) A.半年 B.九个月 C.一年 D.两年 3.世界上最早建立公务员制度的国家是( B ) A.美国 B.英国 C.德国 D.法国 4.我国公务员录用考试原则中的“平等原则”指的是( C ) A.经济地位 B.政治地位 C.法律地位D.民族地位 5.我国公务员制度正式施行的时间是( B ) A.1993 年4 月24 日B.1993 年10 月1 日 C.2005 年4 月27 日 D.2006 年1 月1 日 6.《中华人民共和国公务员法》共有( A ) A.18 章107 条 B.18 章108 条 C.18 章105 条 D.18 章110 条 7.报考公务员的最低年龄是( B ) A.16 周岁 B.18 周岁 C.20 周岁D.22 周岁 8.公务员晋升一般应当具有大学本科以上文化程度的职位是( D ) A.科长 B.处长 C.副处长 D.厅长 9.下列公务员的考核结果有三个等次的国家是( B ) A．中国 B.美国 C.日本 D.法国 10.某机关公务员 500 人，年度考核中被确定为优秀等次的人数最多不超过( C ) A.50 人 B.75 人 C.100 人 D.150 人 11.我国公务员的分类制度主要是( A ) A.职位分类 B.品位分类 C.等级分类D.职务分类 12.我国对公务员最低的奖励种类是( B ) A.表扬 B.嘉奖 C.授予荣誉称号 D.记三等功 13.下列属于违反廉政纪律的是( A ) A.贪污 B.赌博 C.非法套汇 D.弄虚作假 14.下列属于我国公务员职位数量最大的职位类别是( B ) A.专业技术类 B.综合管理类 C.行政执法类 D.社会服务类 15.解除公务员行政记过处分期限为自该处分决定之日起满( B ) A.半年 B.一年 C.一年半 D.二年16.下列关系中不属于公务员应该回避的是( D ) A.夫妻关系 B.姻亲关系 C.连襟关系 D.同学关系 17. 按照公务员法的规定，我国非领导职务公务员的最低职位是 ( B ) A.职员 B.办事员 C.科员 D.营业员 18.法国公务员考核结果被定为“免职”的分数是( D ) A.80 分 B.70 分 C.65 分 D.60 分 19.我国公务员工资制度的首要原则是( B ) A.平衡比较原则 B.按劳分配原则 C.法律保障原则D.正常增资原则 20.为贯彻落实西部大开发、振兴东北地区等老工业基地而进行的培训是( C ) A.专项培训 B.专门业务培训 C.对口培训 D.后续培训 21.英国公务员的考核结果分为( D ) A.称职、不称职两个等次 B.优秀、称职、不称职三个等次 C.特别优异、满意、不满意三个等次 D.A、B、C、D、E 五个等次 22.决定公务员培训方向的原则是( A ) A.理论联系实际原则 B.学用一致原则 C.按需施教原则 D.讲求实效原则 23.因地域或者工作性质特殊，需要变通执行任职回避的主管部门要求( A ) A.省级以上 B.市（地）级以上 C.厅级以上 D.县级以上 24.实行“职能复合型分类等级工资制”的国家是( B ) A.德国 B.美国C.英国 D.法国 25.按照有关规定，我国给予女性公务员的产假是( A) A.3 个月B.6 个月 C.9 个月 D.12 个月 26.下列体现优胜劣汰的竞争机制的是( B ) A.辞职 B.辞退 C.退休 D.离休 27.担任领导职务的公务员，因工作严重失误、失职造成重大损失或恶劣影响，或者对重大事故负有重要领导责任而提出的辞职是( D ) A.因公辞职 B.自愿辞职 C.责令辞职 D.引咎辞职 28.对获得省部级以上荣誉称号的公务员，退休金可在一般标准基础上至少再提高( C ) A.1% B.3% C.5% D.10% 29.下列说法正确的一项是( D ) A.机关因错误的具体人事处理对公务员造成名誉损害的，应当赔礼道歉 B.公务员主管部门的工作人员，违反公务员法规定，滥用职权、玩忽职守、徇私舞弊，构成犯罪的，应依法给予行政处分C.聘任制公务员与所在机关之间因履行聘任合同发生争议的，可以自争议发生之日起60 日内向人事争议仲裁委员会申请仲裁D.公务员对涉及本人的人事处理不服的，可以自知道该人事处理之日起30 日内向原处理机关申请复核 30.按照我国公务员法的规定，公务员担任乡级机关、县级机关及其有关部门主要领导职务的，应当实行的回避是( B ) A.任职回避 B.地区回避 C.公务回避 D.亲属回避二、多项选择题(本大题共5 小题，每小题2 分，共10 分) 在每小题列出的五个备选项中至少有两个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。
中国近代史纲要
08年10月《中国近现代史纲要》自考模拟试卷（一）一、单项选择题（每小题1分，共10分）1、近代中国“睁眼看世界第一人”是（ b ）A、魏源B、林则徐C、龚自珍D、姚莹2、在近代中国社会的诸矛盾中，最主要的是（ a ）A、帝国主义和中华民族的矛盾B、封建主义和人民大众的矛盾C、资产阶级和无产阶级的矛盾D、反动统治阶级内部的矛盾3、中国旧式农民战争的最高峰是（C ）A、义和团运动B、三元里人民抗英斗争C、太平天国起义D、反教会斗争4、中国工人阶级以独立的姿态登上政治舞台是在（c ）A、辛亥革命中B、新文化运动中C、五四运动中D、国民革命运动中5、在土地革命战争时期，将“没收一切土地”的规定，改为“没收一切公共土地及地主阶级土地”的土地法是（D）A、《关于清算减租及土地问题的指示》B、《兴国土地法》C、《井冈山土地法》D、《中国土地法大纲》6、抗日战争统一战线的倡导者和组织者是（b ）A、国民党B、共产党C、中间势力D、东北军7、1956年我国生产资料所有制的社会主义改造的基本完成，标志着我国开始进入（ c ）A、半殖民地半封建社会B、新民主主义社会C、社会主义初级阶段D、共产主义社会8、社会主义改造基本完成后，中国共产党的中心任务是（ c ）A、调动一切积极因素，为社会主义事业服务B、正确处理人民内部矛盾，巩固社会主义制度C、集中力量发展生产力，建设社会主义现代化强国D、加强和改进党的建设，巩固党的执政地位9、1978年关于真理标准问题的讨论，是为了解决中国共产党的（ b ）A、组织路线问题B、思想路线问题C、政治路线问题D、社会主义初级阶段的基本路线问题10、邓小平明确提出“建设有中国特色社会主义”的理论是在（ d）aA、党的十二大B、党的十三大C、党的十四大D、党的十一届三中全会二、多项选择题（每小题2分，共10分）1、资本－帝国主义对中国的侵略表现为( abcd)A、军事侵略B、政治控制C、经济掠夺D、文化渗透E、外交讹诈2、中国民族资产阶级的两面性是指（ abc）A、受帝国主义的压迫，受封建主义的束缚B、是革命的力量之一C、与帝国主义和封建主义并未完全断绝经济上的联系D、没有彻底的反帝反封建的勇气E、进步革命与反动落后3、中国革命胜利的基本经验是（ bcd ）A、群众路线B、统一战线 C 武装斗争 D、党的建设 E、独立自主4、没收官僚垄断资本的性质是（bc ）bdA、资本主义的B、社会主义的C、民主主义的D、新民主主义的E、国家资本主义的5、1992年，邓小平同志在视察南方的谈话中阐述了一系列重要思想，其中有（ bcde ）A、关于改革党和国家领导制度的思想B、关于社会主义本质的思想C、关于计划和市场都是经济手段的思想D、关于发展才是硬道理的思想E、关于“三个有利于”的思想三、名词解释（每小题5分，共20分）1、五四运动2、遵义会议3、过渡时期总路线4、科学发展观四、简答题（每小题6分，共30分）1、近代中国两大历史任务及其关系。
全国2008年4月高等教育自学考试
浙02198# 线性代数试题 第 1 页（共 4 页）全国2008年4月高等教育自学考试线性代数试题课程代码：02198说明：在本卷中，A T 表示矩阵A 的转置矩阵，A *表示矩阵A 的伴随矩阵，E 是单位矩阵，|A |表示方阵A 的行列式.一、单项选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。
错选、多选或未选均无分。
1.设A 为m×n 矩阵，B 为n×m 矩阵，m ≠n, 则下列矩阵中为n 阶矩阵的是（ ）A.B T A TB.A T B TC.ABAD.BAB 2.设行列式D =333231232221131211a a a a a a a a a =3，D 1=333231312322212113121111252525a a a a a a a a a a a a +++，则D 1的值为（ ） A.-15B.-6C.6D.153.设A 为n 阶方阵，n ≥2，则|-5A |=（ ）A.(-5)n |A |B.-5|A |C.5|A |D.5n |A |4.设A =⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛4321,则|A *|=（ ） A.-4B.-2C.2D.45.向量组α1，α2…，αS （s>2）线性无关的充分必要条件是（ ）A. α1，α2，…，αS 均不为零向量B. α1，α2，…，αS 中任意两个向量不成比例C. α1，α2，…，αS 中任意s-1个向量线性无关D. α1，α2，…，αS 中任意一个向量均不能由其余s-1个向量线性表示浙02198# 线性代数试题 第 2 页（共 4 页） 6.设3元线性方程组Ax =b ，A 的秩为2，η1，η2，η3为方程组的解，η1+η2=(2,0,4)T ，η1+η3=（1，-2，1）T ，则对任意常数k ，方程组Ax =b 的通解为（ ）A.(1,0,2)T +k (1,-2,1)TB.(1,-2,1)T +k (2,0,4)TC.(2,0,4)T +k (1,-2,1)TD.(1,0,2)T +k (1,2,3)T7.设3阶方阵A 的特征值为1，-1，2，则下列矩阵中为可逆矩阵的是（） A.E-A B.-E-AC.2E-AD.-2E-A8.设λ=2是可逆矩阵A 的一个特征值，则矩阵(A 2)-1必有一个特征值等于（） A.41B.21C.2D.49.设3阶方阵A 的秩为2，则与A 等价的矩阵为（ ）A.⎪⎪⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛000000111 B. ⎪⎪⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛000110111C. ⎪⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛000222111D. ⎪⎪⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛33322211110.二次型f (x 1,x 2,x 3,x 4,)=43242322212x x x x x x ++++的秩为（ ）A.1B.2C.3D.4二、填空题（本大题共10小题，每空2分，共20分）请在每小题的空格中填上正确答案。
08年高三年级英语3月份质量检测试题
08年高三年级英语3月份质量检测试题英语试题第一部分:听力(共两节,满分30分)听下面5段对话.每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A.B.C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置,听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题,每段对话仅读一遍.1. What do you think the man will do at last?A. Help the woman push her car .B. Let the woman push her own car.C. Ask someone to push the car for the woman.2. What time does the second movie start?A. At 9:45.B. At 10:00.C. At 10:153. What can we learn about the man ?A. He works very carefully.B. He drove carelessly and got a traffic ticket.C. He always drives through a lot of traffic.4. What does the man probably do according to the dialogue?A. A teacher.B. A student.C. A meeting organizer.5. Where are the two speakers?A. They are in Britain.B. They are in the U.S.A.C. They are in France.第二节(共15小题; 每小题1.5分满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白.每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A.B.C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置,.听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各个小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间.每段对话或独白读两遍.听下面一段对话, 回答第6—7 题.6. What is Susan doing now?A. She is climbing on the plane.B. She is coming from the plane.C. She is standing near the plane.7. Which of the following about Susan is Not true?A. She carries a package under her arm.B. She carries a suitcase under her arm..C. She is the tall one next to the window.听下面一段对话,回答第8—10 题.8. How does the man feel about his interview tomorrow?A. He is worried about it.B. He is looking forward to it.C. He is sure of what to expect.9. What is the job he wants to get?A. A salesman.B. An engineer.C. A translator.10. What impressed the woman most?A. The man’s German.B. The man’s experience.C. The man’s business skills.听下面一段对话,回答第11—13 题.11. Why does the man want to get a car?A. Because it is useful for his work.B. Because he has got a lot of money.C. Because the car is cheap.12. What does the man mainly consider when he chooses the car?A. Price.B. Quality.C. Ways of payment.13. How much should the man pay for the remaining part?A. $2,500.B. $ 13,800.C. $30,000.听下面一段对话,回答第14—17 题.14. What is the main topic of this conversation?A. The man’s graduation.B. The couple’s engagement.C. The man’s smoking.15. What does the woman suggest?A. The man rethink their plans.B. The man see a family doctor.C. The man concentrate on his studies.16. How does the man feel about the woman’s decision?A. Patient.B. Surprised.C. Worried .17. What can we infer about the woman?A. She has stopped smoking.B. She does not want to marry the man.C. She has asked the man to quit smoking many times.听下面一段独白,回答第18—20 题.18. When did the incident happen?A. When the young people were waiting outside.B. When top group were giving a concert.C. When the young people rushed to get tickets.19. Why were the organizers blamed for the incident?A. Because they hadn’t sold all the tickets beforehand.B. Because they hadn’t stopped the concert immediately.C. Because they hadn’t opened the door earlier.20. What do we learn about the British pop group?A. They had planned to give several concerts in the United States.B. They knew about the incident before the concert started.C. They decided to continue their concert to avoid further trouble.第二部分:语言知识运用(共两节,满分55分)第一节: 多项选择(共10小题; 每小题1分,满分10分)21. The captain showed great perseverance and never __________ to disappointment, even when the ship sank.A. gave offB. gave awayC. gave wayD. gave up22. As economy was declining, jobs _________to the laid-off workers continued to be scarce.A. valuableB. convenientC. comfortableD. available23. As more and more nations put satellites into space, the risk of ________ can only increase asa result.A. collisionB. discoveryC. crashD. invention24. When I ______ my senses, I found myself wrapped up in bed in my little room, with Grandma bending over me.A. woke upB. took toC. picked upD. came to25. We were told that keys should never be hidden around the house since thieves _______ know where to find them.A. especiallyB. generallyC. originallyD. basically26. The husband and wife run their own business near the entrance to the park. They do a(n) _____trade in souvenirs and gifts.A. lovelyB. livelyC. activeD. busy27. Our newspaper is national. Imperfect articles are _____ by our quality control.A. dismissedB. ignoredC. neglectedD. rejected28. –My dog can speak seven languages.--No, you are _____ me on .A. takingB. puttingC. lettingD. depending29. The company was _______ willing to provide us with what we need, which made us excided.A. no more thanB. no other thanC. more thanD. not more than30. Students, who are better at class, always _______ more attention on what the teachers teach them than those who are not good at it.A. payB. drawC. fixD. attract第二节:完成句子(共0小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)31. It is reported that the United States _______________________( 两倍的能源) the whole of Europe. ( as, energy)32. ___________________________________(他一下飞机) he was met and surrounded by his fans.(than )33. I look on it as _____________________________ (获得新技能的一个机会) . ( opportunity).34. Love and patience _____________________ ( 所需要的东西) look after children. (what)35. He _____________________ ( 不可能在看) TV at 8:00 last night. He has gone to New York. (watch)36. More and more people are signing up for Yoga classes nowadays, ______________________________(考虑到健康和放松的原因) . (advantage)37. _________________________ ( 他的钱用完了), the lazy middle-aged man began to steal others’ money in the city. (run )38. She needed some help but there ___________________ (碰巧连一个人都没看见) . (happen )39. All the food and clothes must be sent immediately ________________ ( 以便那儿的人及时收到) . (receive )40. The suggestion __________________ ( 换一个大马力的发动机) is worth considering. (powerful)第三节: 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从所给的四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.Some people who find themselves unable to solve a problem react by just giving up. But it is not good to 41 from problems by giving up or by making 42 for failure. You may be sure that all young people go through the same 43 process that you are going through; 44 new situations, developing new skills , and testing their abilities.In many cases, we only “think” there is no 45 to a particular. But 46 we can overcome the problem and achieve the goal by making a direct attack.47 , a boy wanted to be a debater. When he 48 for the debating team as a freshman, the coach thought he was 49 . He as shy; he had a high pitched( 音调) voice; and his posture (体态) was poor. By his junior year, he 50 the school debating team, and in his senior year he was 51 the team in his state. He achieved his goal because he had made a direct attack upon his problem.52 attack is often the beat way to meet problems, we have to be realistic in judging situations.53 it is necessary to 54 either tactics (策略) or the goal.A boy who wants to be a great football player may be too light and not quite 55 for football. In this situation, becoming a great player may be an 56 goal for him. 57 , he may become outstanding in tennis or golf, and 58 his desire to take part in sports.So, although direct attack is often the best way to 59 problems, it is important to study the 60 and make a wise decision about what to do.41. A. ignore B. escape C. free D. neglect42. A. excuses B. apologies C. stories D. decisions43. A different B. difficult C. easy D. unpleasant44. A. overcoming B. facing C. meeting D. judging45. A. key B. answer C. way D. solution46. A. often B. possibly C. fortunately D. ever47. A. In fact B. For example C. After all D. In other words48. A. tried out B. went in C. went all out D. joined in49. A. useless B. hopeless C. helpless D. priceless50. A. became B. made C. entered D. got51. A. at B. in C. on D. of52. A. When B. As though C. While D. As if53. A. Seldom B. Sometimes C. Frequently D. Usually54. A. change B. rebuild C. start D. renew55. A. smart B. strong C. confident D. fast56. A. impossible B. unreasonable C. unfair D. unacceptable57. A. Though B. However C. Fortunately D. Thus58. A. satisfy B. complete C. achieve D. win59. A. meet B. deal C. handle D. treat60. A. causes B. phenomenon C. situation D. difficulties第三部分:阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分)阅读下面短文,从每篇短文后所给的四个选项中,选出可以填入最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.A.“Penn Station,” I told the cab driver and got in. The young , heavy-set man looked friendly and we naturally started a conversation, which went from the weather and quickly varied into the struggles of a cab driver’s life.“What do you do besides your job?”he asked curiously. “I help a nonprofit organization trying to bring some goodness in the world,” I responded. “Do they pay you well?”“Well, no, but I get by. I don’t have many material things in life, but I’ve realized that I don’t need all that to keep me happy. If I die tomorrow, I want to go out knowing that I’ve made a few people smile.”The young cab driver, perhaps in his late thirties, looked back through the sliding glass as if extending his hand for a hand shake--- “Man, it is nice to meet you.”Although we were strangers, both of us felt deeply connected as human beings. And by now, 7 minutes into our ride, we were on a first-name basis. He even spelled his name for me: H—a—k—e—e—m. Hakeem and I talked a bit about simple acts of generosity, the power of a pay—it—forward mindset and now that can promote trust and connection in our communities. He understood the idea, but it seemed very abstract and foreign to him.We arrived at Penn station and traded e—mail addresses after I paid my ride fare. As I was heading out, I turned to him and said, “ Hakeem, here’s a $20. Whenever you feel like it, you give a ride to people and tell them that someone before them has paid for their fare. See what happens.Hearing this, Hakeem was visibly moved. “ Really? Are you sure?”61. The phrase “get by” In Paragraph Two probably means “ ____________”?A. receive some profits by helping the organizationB. receive no profit by helping the organizationC. gain some fame by helping the organizationD. gain some happiness by helping the organization62. From the decription that Hakeem looked back through the sliding glass, the author expects to indicate that__________.A. Hakeem was inspired by his wordsB. Hakeem didn’t believe what he had saidC. Hakeem was carefully driving while talking with the authorD. Hakeem felt a little tried and wanted to shake his hand63. Hakeem understand the idea of a pay-it-forward act__________.A. as soon as the author had told him about it.B. after the author set an example to himC. after he made some further explanationsD. after he saw a scene of it acted out64. We can learn from the passage that the author’s goal of an act of kindness was ________.A. to help people in troubleB. to strengthen friendship among friendsC. to make people happyD. to contribute to people’s trust and connectionB.February 24, 2008 saw thieves break into the showroom of an Italian jeweler favored by Hollywood stars and stole items worth up to 10 million dollars while its owners were in Los Angeles hosting a party to celebrate the Oscars.The robbery, which took place at the Damiani showroom in Milan’s fashion district that morning, was compared later with the “perfect scenes” in films such as Ocean’s Eleven and The Italian Job.The gang had spent more than a month digging a tunnel from a disused cellar in an adjoining building. The drilling had been heard for weeks but was thought to be part of continuing building works next door. The four thieves, dressed in balaclavas, sunglasses and fake uniforms of the Guardia di Finanza, used an internal staircase to reach the first floor, thus avoiding alarms and video surveillance cameras.The showroom had been opened for a private viewing by wealthy clients and there were five employees inside, including a cleaning lady and a member of the catering staff, as well as the manager. The thieves said they were there to check the accounts, then overpowered the staff, tied them up with electrical cable, sealed their mouths with tape and locked them in the washroom. They then helped themselves to jewelry from the safe-deposit boxes and left the way they had come.The entire operation had taken little more than 40 minutes. The employees managed to free themselves and raise the alarm, but by then the gang was long gone. The police said that they were looked into whether the robbers had “inside assistance” that had helped them to avoid the alarms and surveillance cameras.65. Which of the following is the best title of this passage?A. A perfect robberyB. 10 million of Jewelry StolenC. The Smart ThievesD. Thieves Breaking into an Italian Jeweler66. Why didn’t the thieves appear in the cameras? Perhaps because _______________.A. there was something wrong with the cameras thenB. the thieves entered the showroom through an internal staircaseC. the employees were too frightened to open the cameras thenD. the cameras didn’t work with the uniforms of the finance guards67. which of the following is true according to the passage?A. The Italian jeweler was popular with some famous American film stars.B. The thieves went into a disused tunnel into an adjoining building.C. The robbery took place in the morning and there was no one in the showroom.D. One of the jeweler employees must have helped the robbery secretly.68. We can from the passage that ____________.A. The items were so dear that few people could afford to buy one.B. The thieves left the jewels from where they came into it.C. The most valuable jewels couldn’t have survived the robbery.D. The jeweler had to close down because of the showroom robbery.CMicrosoft is developing Big Brother –L--style software capable of remotely monitoring a worker’s productivity, physical wellbeing and ability.The times has seen a patient application filed by the company for a computer system that links workers to their computers via wireless sensor that measure their metabolism ( 新陈代谢) . The system would allow managers to monitor employees’ performance by measuring their heart rate, body temperature, movement ,facial expression and blood pressure.Technology allowing constant monitoring of workers was previously limited to pilots, firefighters and Nasa astronauts. This is believed to be the first time a company has proposed developing such software for mainstream workplaces.Microsoft applied a patent application in the US for a “unique monitoring system” that could link workers to their computers. Wireless sensors could read “ heart rate, skin response, EMG, brain signals, breath rate, body temperatures, movement, facial movements, facial expressions and blood pressure”, the application states.The system could also “automatically detect frustration(失意) or stress in the user” and “ offer and provide assistance accordingly”. Physical changes to an employee would be matched to an individual psychological profile based on a worker’s weight, age and health. If the system picked up an increase in heart rate or facial expressions suggestive of stress or frustration, it would tell management that he needed help.Unions said they fear that employees could be dismissed on the basis of a computer’s watching. The Information Commissioner, civil liberties groups and privacy lawyers strongly criticized (批评) the potential of the system for” raising very serious privacy issues.”69. Microsoft is developing Big Brother—style software____________.A. to monitor a worker’s health conditionB. to apply for a patentC. to watch a worker’s workD. to compete with other companies70. The computer system knows whether a worker is feeling well or not because ______.A. the cameras can take a close look at the workerB. the computer can measure the worker’s metabolism via sensorsC. the sensors can measure his heart rate, body temperature and blood pressureD. the sensors have been placed on the workers in advance71. It can be inferred from the passage that____________.A. the Big Brother—style software can monitor from far awayB. the Big Brother—style software has gained a patentC. no other similar software is being developed by other companiesD. some of the workers will express their objections to the monitoring72. The main idea of this passage may be ______________.A. Microsoft is seeking a patent for an office “spy” softwareB. Microsoft is developing a software to competeC. Microsoft is developing a software against some willsD. Microsoft is the first with a way to monitor workersDParents risk discouraging children from reading by dragging them around bookstores and force-feeding them literary classics, leading children’s writer Anthony Horowitz has suggested. Horowitz, author of the best—selling Alex Rider series of action adventure books ,said the current public concern about children’s reading had been fuelled (激起) and hijacked “( 控制)”by the overanxious middle class.“Reading is not an issue we should keep banging children over the head with,’ he told The Times. Horowitz’s comments followed publication yesterday of a major review of literacy in primary schools by Cambridge University, which suggested that gains in reading skills at school through the national literacy strategy had been achieved at the expense of pupils enjoyment of reading. He also called on schools to set aside more time for children to read for pleasure and less time for analyzing texts line by line.“At home parents should not force their children to read books they read as a child as children literature was now in a golden period,” he said. “As children, my generation was given the books that our parents read. Now children can discover their own books. There have never been so many good living young writers.”Horowitz was speaking at the opening of the annual Starbucks Bookdrive, a Starbucks campaign in partnership with the National Literacy Trust to promote reading by encouraging donations to school libraries.He suggested that the best way that parents could encourage a child to read was to set aside 15 minutes a day to read to them. “As adults we are all so busy that we tend to forget the great value of spending 15 minutes a day reading with our child. There is no better way to get to know your child than to share their books with them. It’s not going to be for ever and they may not thank you for it by the time they are teenagers, so that makes it more valuable,” he said.73. The underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 means _________.A. children should not be forced to readB. parents should not hit the children’s head to force them to readC. children should not be forced to know that reading is a serious issueD. parents should not keep banging their children’s head74. We can infer that the national literacy strategy ___________.A. is welcomed by childrenB. is supported by teachersC. is perhaps not successfulD. is popular in Cambridge University75. What kind of books was Horowitz probably given to read when he was a child?A. The kind of books he enjoyed muchB. Books about adventuresC. Books for pleasure.D. Books of literacy classics.76. The best title of this passage is _____________.A. How to encourage children to readB. Don’t force young to read classicsC. Children’s writer Anthony HorowitzD. Spend time reading with childrenE.A is for always getting to work on time.B is for being extremely busy.C. is for the diligent way you do your job.You may be all these things at the office , and more. But when it comes to getting ahead, experts say, the ABCs of business should include a P, for politics, as in office politics.Dale Carnegie suggested as much more than 50 years ago: hard work alone doesn’t make sure career advancement. You have to be able to sell yourself and your ideas, both publicly and behind the scenes. Yet, despite the obvious rewards of engaging in office politics—a better job, a raise, praise –many people are still unable or unwilling to “play the game”.“People think that office politics involves some manipulative ( 工于心计的) behavior” says Deborah Comer, an assistant professor of management at Hofstra University. “But politics comes from the word ‘polite’ . It can mean persuading and forming small personal groups . It can mean being kind and helpful, or even trying to please your superior, and then expecting something in return.”In fact, today, expects say office politics as proper behavior used to seek for one’s own self—interest in the workplace. In many cases, this involves some form of socializing within the office environment—not just in large companies, but in small workplaces as well.“This first people are usually judged on is their ability to perform well on an unchanging basis,” says Neil P.I.ewis, a management psychologist. “But if two or three candidates(候选人) are up for being raised to a higher position, each of whom has reasonably similar ability, a manager is going to promote the person he or she likes best. It’s simple human nature.”Yet, psychologists say, many employees and employers have trouble with the meaning of politics in the office. Some people, they say, have a proper knowledge of work and what it takes to succeed. Still others connect politics with flattery (奉承) ,fearful that, if they speak up for themselves, they may appear to be flattering their boss for favors.Experts suggest changing this negative (负面的) picture by recognizing the need for some self—promotion.77. “Office politics” is used in the passage to refer to _______________.A. the political views and beliefs of office workersB. the interpersonal relationships within a companyC. the various qualities required for a successful careerD. the rules of behavior for company staff78. To get promoted, one must not only have the necessary ability but ________.A. avoid being too outstandingB. get along well with his colleaguesC. honest and loyal to his companyD. give his boss a good impression79. Why are many people unwilling to “play the game”?A. They are not good at controlling colleagues.B. They feel that such behavior is dishonest.C. They think the effort will get them nowhere.D. They believe that doing so is impractical.80. It is the author’s view that ____________.A. self—promotion does not necessarily mean flatteryB. hard work contributes very little to one’s promotionC. many employees fail to recognize the need of flatteryD. speaking up for oneself is part of human nature第四部分:书面表达(满分25 )你的笔友Sara从电视上看到今年我国南方部分省份遭受冰雪灾害的报道,特来信询问.请你简要介绍此次雪灾的情况.注意:1. 短文字数100左右.2. 开头已写好,不计入总词数.This late January and early February,…参考答案1—5 AABAB 6—10 BBABA 11—15 ABCCB 16—20 BCCAA 21—25 CDADB 26—30 BDBCC31. twice as much energy as32. No sooner had he got off the plane than33. an opportunity to acquire/ get fresh/ new skills34. are what it takes to35. can/ could not have been watching36. taking advantage of health and relaxation benefits37. With his money running out/ His money running out38. happened to be nobody/ not a single person in sight39. so as to be received in time by people there/ so that people there can receive them in time40. that a powerful engine should be used/ of the use of a powerful engine41—45 BABCD 46—50 ABABB 51—55 CCBAD 56—60 BBACC61—65 DCBDA 66—70 BABCC 71—75 DAACD 76—80 BBDBAWritingOne possible version:This late January and early February, unusual snowstorms continuously hit southern provinces of China. Railways, highways and even the airports were covered by thick snow and ice, which also struck electricity supply seriously in some provinces, causing the breaking –off of Jingguang Railway and an extreme jam in Jingzhu Expressway. Tens of thousands of passengers were blocked on their way home. People’s life in these areas was seriously affected.At this urgent moment, the government called on the whole nation to help those in trouble. Soldiers were sent to the snow-stricken areas to clear the ways, policemen were on the roads to help the drivers to fix the tyre chains, and fire engines were used to carry water for people.With great efforts, things have now gradually become normal.。
全国2008年10月高等教育自学考试 精神疾病护理学试题 课程代码03009
全国2008年10月高等教育自学考试精神障碍护理学试题课程代码：03009一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分)在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是最符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。
错选、多选或未选均无分。
1.“杯弓蛇影”是（）A. 感觉障碍B. 错觉C. 幻觉D. 感知综合障碍2.意向倒错多见于（）A. 抑郁症B. 脑器质性精神障碍C. 癔症D. 精神分裂症3.精神分裂症最常见的情感障碍是（）A. 情绪不稳B. 情感高涨C. 易激惹D. 情感淡漠4.不属于．．．脑器质性精神障碍的是（）A. 肾性脑病B. 癫痫性精神障碍C. 麻痹性痴呆D. A D5.表示可能已出现锂中毒的血锂浓度是（）A. 超过0.8mmol/LB. 超过1.2 mmol/LC. 超过1.4mmol/LD. 超过2.0 mmol/L6.病人自感一伸手就可摸到屋顶，这一症状很可能是（）A. 夸大妄想B. 非幻觉性知觉障碍C.错觉D. 幻觉7.在记忆力障碍中，遗忘的发展最初主要表现为（）A. 顺行性遗忘B. 逆行性遗忘C. 远事遗忘D. 近事遗忘8.关于精神分裂症青春型，不正确．．．的说法是（）A. 青少年起病B. 起病多较急C. 常见思维形式障碍D. 行为多幼稚愚蠢9.对强迫症进行心理治疗，一般宜选用（）A. 冲击疗法B. 厌恶疗法C. 暗示疗法D. 森田疗法10.关于森田疗法，不正确．．．的说法是（）A. 由日本人森田正马创立B. 主要适用于治疗神经症C. 一般分为4期D. 第1期为卧床期浙03009# 精神障碍护理学试卷第1页（共5页）11.精神自动症综合征多见于（）A. 慢性酒精中毒B. 反应性精神障碍C. 强迫症D. 精神分裂症12.引起精神依赖不引起躯体依赖的物质是（）A. 烟草B. 海洛因C. 可卡因D. 速可眠13.关于惊恐发作正确的说法是（）A. 属于恐怖症B. 属于焦虑症C. 属于广泛性焦虑D. 属于躯体疾病所致精神障碍14.“病理性谎言”可出现在（）A. 表演型人格障碍B. 强迫型人格障碍C. 反社会型人格障碍D. 分裂样人格障碍15.盐酸万拉法新应归类于（）A. SSRIsB. SNRIsC. MAOIsD. TCAs16.下列说法不正确．．．的是（）A. 定向力是指对周围环境和自身状态的认识能力B. 定向力障碍是判定意识障碍的重要标志C. 有定向力障碍就一定有意识障碍D. 定向力一般分时间、地点、人物和自我定向17.下列症状中对诊断精神分裂症最有意义的是（）A. 意识清晰，联想过程缺乏连贯性B. 定向力障碍，伴有大量错觉幻觉C. 反复出现强迫观念及动作D. 情绪低、说话慢、企图自杀18.对精神分裂症最有效的维持治疗是（）A. 长期服药B. 长期住院C. 坚持服药并参加工作D. 断续服药并参加工作19.精神分裂症青春型病人，入院时兴奋冲动，体检发现肝功异常，宜选用（）A. 口服氯丙嗪B. 常温人工冬眠治疗C. 氟哌啶醇注射治疗D. 口服维思通20.关于焦虑症，不正确．．．的说法是（）A. 临床分为广泛性焦虑和惊恐发作B. 对实际存在的威胁产生紧张、焦虑、恐慌C. 紧张焦虑恐慌的程度与现实情况不相称D. 常伴有自主神经症状和运动不安二、多项选择题(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分)在每小题列出的五个备选项中至少有两个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。
05年4月至08年7月学前教育史自考试题
全国2008年7月高等教育自学考试学前教育史试题课程代码：00402一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分)在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。
错选、多选或未选均无分。
1.开笼放鸟而捕之，解缰放马而逐之，曷若勿纵勿解之为最易也。
这两个比喻符合中国古代儿童家庭教育的( )A.教子义方原则 B.教儿宜早原则 C.有教有爱原则 D.量资循序原则2.中国古代儿童诗歌中,对儿童进行生活常规、为人处世及伦理道德方面教育的是( )A.识字B.道德C.训诫类D.知识掌故类3.读书要“读得字字响亮，不可误一字，不可少一字，不可多一字，不可倒一字。
”提出这种观点的是( )A.颜之推 B.朱熹 C.王守仁 D.贾谊4.中国封建社会最早最完整的家庭教育著作是( )A．《颜氏家》B.《诫子书》C.《家诫》D.《赤子诗》5.我国古代首先创办育婴堂的是( )A.唐代 B.宋代 C.元代 D.明代6.20世纪初，梁启超撰写的有关强调儿童教育的意义的论文是( )A.《论中国亟需设立幼稚园》B.《重视教育学说》C.《论幼学》D.《教育政策私议》7.我国近代设计儿童“公养”、“公育”这一理想教育制度的是( )A.梁启超B.康有为C.严复D.陶行知8.创办厦门集美幼稚园的是( )A.熊希龄 B.陈淑桦 C.陈嘉庚 D.张宗麟9.确定学前教育机构在学制系统中作为国民教育第一阶段地位的学制是( )A.壬子学制B.壬戌学制C.壬子癸丑学制D.癸丑学制10.代表中国政府签署《儿童生存、保护、发展世界宣言》的是( )A.朱镕基B.周恩来C.李鹏D.温家宝11.我国幼儿园的主要收托形式是( )A.全日制幼儿园 B.寄宿制幼儿园 C.幼儿学前班 D.混合班12.体现“尊重儿童尊严原则、无歧视原则、儿童最佳利益原则”等原则的是( )A.《幼儿园管理条例》B.《儿童权利公约》C.《幼儿园教育纲要》D.《幼儿园工作规程》13．在西欧中世纪，教育中体罚盛行，完全取消体育。
全国2008年4月高等教育自学考试
全国2008年4月高等教育自学考试组织行为学试题课程代码：00152一、单项选择题(本大题共25小题，每小题1分，共25分)在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。
错选、多选或未选均无分。
1.组织行为学实际上是组织中以人为中心的()A．行为科学 B．管理心理学 C．人事管理学 D．现代管理学2.把实验对象的一些关键性变量，都放在特定的实验室范围内进行，研究人员能够严密控制，能够随时观察它们的变化。
这种研究方法是()A．实验室实验法 B．现场实验法 C．准实验法 D．观察实验法3.心理测验的有效性是指心理测验的()A．可靠性 B．准确性 C．信度 D．效度4.提出X理论与Y理论的是美国社会心理学家()A．麦克里格 B．梅奥 C．罗斯 D．安德鲁斯5.“顾客是上帝”这是一种()A．理性价值观 B．政治性价值观 C．集体价值观 D．社会价值观6.创造性行为的特点是()A．被动性 B．社会性 C．管理性 D．适应性7.根据薛恩的研究，他认为“职业锚”共有()A．三种 B．四种 C．五种 D．六种8.以下关于群体规模的叙述中不正确的是()A．群体规模能够影响群体的整体行为B．研究表明，成员为偶数的群体似乎比成员为奇数的群体更受欢迎C．相对而言，5至7人的群体在执行任务时较有效D．如果群体的目标是调查事情的真相，那么应该是大群体比小群体更有效9.进入群体的任何一个人，首先应建立和适应群体的()A．规范 B．角色期望 C．角色意识 D．行为模式10.沟通过程的最后一个环节是()A．编码 B．接受者 C．信息 D．反馈11.依据组织的结构特征，信息沟通可分为()A．正式沟通与非正式沟通 B．言语性沟通与非言语性沟通C．纵向沟通与横向沟通 D．口头沟通与书面沟通12.人际关系是一个广泛的概念，其中最重要、最基本的关系是()A．政治法律关系 B．血缘心理关系 C．经济生产关系 D．道德宗教关系13.如果两个群体的功能相对独立，但它们共同的产品是为组织的总体目标作出贡献，那么这两个群体间的互动关系属于()A．顺序式相互依赖关系 B．互惠式相互依赖关系C．协作式相互依赖关系 D．联营式相互依赖关系14.区分冲突是功能正常的冲突还是功能失调的冲突的指标是()A．冲突类型 B．冲突过程 C．群体工作绩效 D．群体目标15.领导的权力一般由三部分组成，即资源控制权、专长权和()A．指挥权 B．奖惩权 C．决策权 D．人事权16.组织行为学中将领导者把握整个组织系统内部相互关系，适应外部环境的变化，作出正确决策，并指出组织发展方向的能力称为()A．组织能力 B．决策能力 C．创新能力 D．应变能力17.人的某种需要若因主客观条件不具备而未能解决，会转移到另一种需要的满足。
08届高三英语第二学期3月份月考卷
08届高三英语第二学期3月份月考卷Listening Comprehension(30%)Part A Short ConversationsDirections: In part A, you will hear ten shorts conversat ions between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The convers ation and the question will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers in your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Listening Com prehension1.A.Coke. B.CoffeeC.Tea.D.Water.2.A.At a restaurant. B.At a smilo.C.At a concert.D.At a theare.3.A.Relievel. B.Worried.C.confused.D.Depressed.4.A.The Browns. B.The Browns’s son.C.The postman.D.The neighbour.5.A.7:00 B.7:10C.9:00D.9:106.A.The ring is not hers. B.She does n’t have gold rings.C.She prefers gold to silver.D.She lost h er silver ring.7.A.The screen doesn’t have to be cleaning. B.The ke yboard also needs cleaning.C.The man shouldn’t do the cleaning.D.There’s n ot enough time to clean both.9.A.She dislikes fireworks. B.She has plans for the evening.C.She doesn’t feel like going out.D.She has to get theatre tickets.10.A.They can’t see the stars clearly. B.They’re not in the city tonight.C.They’re looking at the stars from the clry.D.They’r e talking about movie stars.Part B PassagesDirections: In Part B, you will heat two short pas sages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passage. The passage w ill be read twice, but the quescious will be spaken only once. When you hear a question, read t he four possible answers on you paper and decide which on e would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following pas sage.11.A.It can make her famous. B.It is easy and rewarding.C.It is dangerous but exciting.D.It has its moving moment.12.A.Somebody was killed. B.Nobody w as injured.C. Karen was physically hurt.D.Many buil dings exploded.13.A.A frerce war. B.A serious inju ry.C.A terrible explosion.D.A brave journ alist.Question 14 through 16 are based on the following new s.14.A.Internet use is increasing quickly in rural and urba n areas.B.More and more rural residents have Internet access.C.People have a limited choice of Internet providers.D.City residents use the Internet frequently.15.A.Over 2 million. B.Around 6 mill ion.C.23 million.D.17 million.16.A.More girls have their own webeites than boys.B.1 in 4 kids have Internet access from home.C.Most kids think they get too little time online at scho ol.D.Internet connection at home is quicker than that at sc hool.Part C Longer ConversationsDirections:In Part C. you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you ore required to fill in the numbe red blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answer an you answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conver sation.Blanks 21through 24 are based on the followingWhat is Harrods, the giggest department store in the UK, famous for?Its ___21_________ and Egyptian Hall. How do people feel when they are in the Egyptian Hall?They feel they are _22___________. How does Harrods get most if its power?By producing _23______ itself.Garden Restaurant Reservation FromName: Jessica 17 Time:9:00 p.m. 18Number of People: SixPhome Number: 19 Special Request:20dishesHow is the business during the JanuaryThere is an increase in ____24_____. sales?Complete the from. Write NO MORE THAN TOREE WORDS for each answer.II、Grammar and Vocabulary(16%)25. The doctor and the nurses did all they ___ the pati ent’s life.A. could saveB. could to saveC. savedD. s hould save26. ___ sweeps the snow on the streets is to be praise d.A. AnyoneB. Those whoC. No matter whoD. The one who27. If it were not for the fact that you ___ busy, we’d like to invite you to join us now.A. isB. areC. wereD. wasA. a dirtierB. the dirtierC. the dirtiestD. su ch dirty29. She wouldn’t pay 30000 yuan for the fur coat. It was not worth___.A. that all muchB. that much allC. all that m uchD. much all that30. I seated myself in the front row so as to make mys elf ___ the person who was giving a lecture.A. understandB. understoodC. understandingD. to understand31. Only those ___ knew well could be admitted into t he hall.A. whoB. thatC. whichD. they32. They can’t be ___ careful in carrying out the expe riment as it is such a critical link in the whole project.A. veryB. tooC. quiteD. so33. We looked forward only ___ a narrow path ___ to the top of the mountain.A. to seeing…leadingB. to see…leadingC. to seeing…leadD. to see…led34. --- I phoned you 9 yesterday evening but got no an swer.--- I am sorry. I ___ the bell. I ___ in the kitchen.A. didn’t have heard, must have beenB. didn’t have heard, must beC. didn’t hear, must have beenD. didn’t hear, must be35. It is these poisonous products ___ can cause the sy mptoms of the flu, such as headache and aching muscles.A. whichB. whatC. thatD. how36. ___ the medicine three times a day after meal, and you will soon get rid of your cold.A. TakingB. To takeC. TakeD. If you take37. They stopped and planted trees along the streets ___ metres.A. every fewB. every a fewC. every otherD. every another38. Money, ___ has been the least of our worries.A. important though it isB. so important it isC. i mportant if it isD. it is important though39. They have been told that every boy and every girl ___ to attend the opening ceremony.A. wishB. wishesC. hopes forD. are hopin g40. When you go outing with your sisters, you must see to ___ that they are safe.A. everythingB. itC. themD. yourselfIII. Cloze: 24%(A)Directions: Complete the passage with the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.1. specially2. follow3. lead4. harmful5. trail6. on7. to 8. normally 9. estimated 10. rareFoxes and farmers have never got on well. These small dog-like animals have long been accused of killing farm ani mals. They are officially classified as 41 and farmers tr y to keep their numbers down by shooting or poisoning the m.Farmers can also call 42 the services of their local hunt to control the fox population. Hunting consists of purs uing a fox across the countryside, with a group of 43 tr ained dogs, followed by men and women riding horses. Whe n the dogs eventually catch the fox they kill it or a hunter shoots it.People who take part in hunting think of it as a sport; they were a special uniform of red coats and white trousers, and 44 strict codes of behavior. But owning a horse a nd hunting regularly is expensive, so most hunters are wealt hy.It is 45 that up to 100,000 people watch or take p art in fox hunting. But over the last couple of decades the n umber of people opposing 46 fox hunting, because they think it is brutal（残酷的）, has risen sharply. Nowadays it is 47 for a hunt to pass off without some kind of confr ontation（冲突）between hunters and hunt saboteurs（阻拦者）. Sometimes these incidents48 to violence, but mostly saboteurs interfere with the hunt by misleading riders and disturbing the 49 of the fox’s smell, which the dogs follow.(B)Learning vocabulary is challenging and interesting. Most students of English learn vocabulary by (50) ___ new word s and their meanings. But how long do they remember the m? Is there a better (51) _____ ?(52) ____ the best way to build a strong vocabulary is to talk to lots of people in English. Real communication (5 3)____ provide opportunities for improving oral fluency. The more you speak, the easier it will become for you to (54)_ ___ yourself in English. Listening (55) ____ an important pa rt in oral communication, too. By doing a lot of listening yo u can increase your (56) _____ of useful words.You can learn more (57)____ by learning more about w ords. Group words with similar characteristics or meanings.(58) ____construct different words from those words by addi ng prefixes (sincere- insincere, armed-unarmed) or suffixes (e vent-eventful, technical-technically, develop-development). Fina lly (59)____to find examples of compound words (classroom, honeymoon).Word associations, synonyms(同义词) and antonyms(反义词) are (60) _____ to play with, too. But you need (61)_____ and dictionary skills. How many synonyms can you write for the noun tale? What about an antonym for excited?To (62) ____ the meanings of unfamiliar words, observe how they are (63)____ in the context. Try to guess word meanings. Overtime, your guesses w ill get (64) ____and your definitions more specific .(50) A. learning B. memorizing C. studying D. remembering(51) A. form B. job C. work D. way(53) A. examples B. places C. situations D. co nditions(54) A. understand B. show C. express D. per form(55) A. makes B. acts C. does D. plays(56) A. use B. supply C. vocabulary D. col lection(57) A. words B. meanings C. vocabulary D. voc abularies(58) A. Later B. But C. So D. Th en(59) A. go B. learn C. try D. conti nue(60) A. fun B. funny C. amused D. amu sing(61) A. exercise B. drill C. practice D. trai ning(62) A. look for B. find C. search for D. di scover(63) A. used B. written C. spoken D. read(64) A. good B. well C. better D. bestIV.Reading Comprehension (35 points)Directions: Read the following passages. E ach passage is followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For eac h of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. C hoose the one that fits best according to the information giv en in the passage you have just read.(A)You either have it, or you don’t—a sense of direction, that is. But why is it that some people could find their way across the Sahara without a map, while others can lose the mselves in the next street?Scientists say we’re all born with a sense of direction, but it is not properly understood how it works. One theory i s that people with a good sense of direction have simply wo rked harder at developing it. Research being carried out at L iverpool University supports this idea and suggests that if we don’t use is, we lose it.“Children as young as seven have the ability to find t heir way around,”says Jim Martland, Research Director of t he project. “However, if they are not allowed out alone or are taken everywhere by car, they never develop the skills.”Jim Martland also emphasizes that young people should be taught certain skills to improve their sense of direction. He makes the following suggestions:●If you are using a map, turn it so it relates to the w ay you are facing.●If you leave your bike in a strange place, put it near something like a big stone or a tree. Note landmarks on th e route as you go away from your bike. When you return, g o back along the same route.●Simplify the way of finding your direction by using li nes such as streets in a town, streams, or walls in the count ryside to guide you. Count your steps so that you know ho w far you have gone and note any landmarks such as tower blocks or hills which can help to find out where you are.Now you need never get lost again!65. Scientists believe that_______.A. some babies are born with a sense of direction.B. people learn a sense of direction as they grow olderC. people never lose their sense of directionD. everybody possesses a sense of direction from birth66. What is true of seven-year-old children according to the passage?A. They never have a sense of direction without ma psB. They should never be allowed out alone if they l ack a sense of directionC. They have a sense of direction and can find their way aroundD. They can develop a good sense of direction if th ey are driven around in a car.67. If you leave your bike in a strange place, you should ________.A. tie it to a tree so as to prevent it from being sto lenB. draw a map of the route to help remember where it isC. avoid taking the same route when you come back to itD. remember something easily recognizable on the ro ute68. According to the passage, the best way to find your way around is to ________.A. ask policemen for directions.B. use walls, streams, and streets to guide yourselfC. remember your route by looking out for steps an d stairsD. count the number of landmarks that you see(B)Nervous suspects (嫌疑犯) locked up in Britain's ne west police station may feel relieved by a pleasant yellow c olour on the door. If they are close to confessing a crime, t he blue on the wall might tip the balance.Gwent Police have abandoned colours such as grays and browns of the 20th-century police cell (牢房) and have used colour psychology to decorate them.Ystrad Mynach station, which recently opened at a cost of ￡5 million, has four cells with glass doors for priso ners who suffer from claustrophobia(幽闭恐惧症). Designers have painted the frames yellow, which researchers say is a c alming colour. Other cells contain a royal blue line because psychologists believe that the colour is likely to encourage tr uthfulness.The station has 31 cells, including 12 with a “live scan”system for drunken or disturbed prisoners, which dete cts the rise and fall of their chest. An alarm alerts officers i f a prisoner's breathing stops and carries on ringing until the door is opened.Designers and psychologists have worked for years on colour. Blue is said to suggest trust, efficiency, duty, logi c, coolness, thinking and calm. It also suggests coldness and unfriendliness. It is thought that strong blues will stimulate clear thought and lighter, soft colours will calm the mind an d aid concentration.Yellow is linked with confidence, self-respect and fr iendliness. Get the colour wrong and it could cause fear, dep ression and anxiety, but the right yellow can lift spirits and self-respect.Ingrid Collins, a psychologist who specializes in the effects of colour, said that colour was an “energy force”. She said: “Blue does enhance communication but I am not sure it would enhance truthful communication.”Yellow, she said, affected the mind. Red, on the ot her hand, should never be considered because it could increa se aggression. Mrs Collins praised the designers for using co lours in the cells. Gwent is not the first British force to exp eriment with colour to calm down or persuade prisoners to c o-operate. In the 1990s Strathclyde Police used pink in cells based on research carried out by the US Navy.69. The expression “tip the balance”in paragraph 1 p robably indicates that the blue might _____.A. let suspects keep their balanceB. hel p suspects to confess their crimesC. make suspects cold and unfriendly in law courtD. enable suspects to change their attitudes to colours70. Which of the following colours should NOT be used in cells according to me passage?A. Pink.B. YellowC. Blue.D. Red.71. Which of the following helps alert officers if someo ne stops breathing?A. Scanning equipment.B. Royal blue lines.C. Glass doors.D.Yellow frames.72. The passage is mainly concerned with _____.A. the relationship between colours and psychologyB. a comparison of different functions of coloursC. the use of colours in cells to affect criminals’psyc hologyD. scientific ways to help criminals reform themselves i n prison（C）73. The word “talion”in introducing the book Eye for an Eye is probably a concept of ______.A. medicineB. tradeC. avengingD. striving74. The book entitled A History of Modern Indonesia h as focus on _______.A. 1andscapes a nd tourist attractions in IndonesiaB. its fourth largest population in the worldC. its relatively unfamiliar and understudied economyD. its social and political aspects in modern times75. What do these books have in common?A. Their authors are introduced in detail.B. Th ey all have a hard back and a paperback.C. Each of them is commented by a professor.D. Th ey are published by the same publishing house.(D)The “Bystander Apathy Effect”was first studied by researchers in New York after neighbours ignored—and in some cases turned up the volume on their TVs—the cries o f a woman as she was murdered (over a half-hour period). With regard to helping those in difficulty generally, they fou nd that:(1) women are helped more than men;(2) men help more than women;(3) attractive women are helped more than unattractive women.Other factors relate to the number of people in the area, whether the person is thought to be in trouble through their own fault, and whether a person sees himself as being able to help.According to Adrian Furnham, Professor 0f Universi ty College, London, there are three reasons why we tend to stand by doing nothing:(1) “Shifting of responsibility”－the more people there are, the less likely help is to be given. Each person excuses himself by thinking someone else will help, so that the mor e “other people’there are, the greater the total shifting of responsibility.(2) “'Fear of making a mistake'’－situations are often not clear. People think that those involved in an accident ma y know each other or it may be a joke, so a fear of embarr assment makes them keep themselves to themselves.(3) “Fear of the consequences i f attention is turned on you, and the person is violent.”Laurie Taylor, Professor of Sociology at London Un iversity, says: “In the experiments I’ve seen on interventio n (介入), much depends on the neighborhood or setting. The re is a silence on public transport which is hard to break. We are embarrassed t o draw attention to something that is hap pening, while in a football match, people get involved, and a fight would easily follow. ”Psychotherapist Alan Dupuy identifies the importanc e of the individual: “The British as a whole have some diff iculty intervening, but there are exceptional individuals in ev ery group who are prepared to intervene, regardless of their own safety: These would be people with a strong moral code or religious ideals.”76. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. Pretty women are more likely to be helped.B. Pe ople on a bus are more likely to stop a crime.C. Religious people are more likely to look on.D. Cr iminals are more likely to harm women.77. Which factor is NOT related with intervention accor ding to the passage?A. Sex.B. Nationality.C. Professio n.D. Setting.78. Which phenomenon can be described as the “Bysta nder Apathy Effect”?A. When one is in trouble, people think it’s his own f ault.B. In a football match, people get involved in a fight.C. Seeing a murder, people feel sorry that it should hav e happened.D. On hearing a cry for help, people keep themselves t o themselves.79. The author wrote this article ______.A. to explain why bystanders behave as they doB. to urge people to stand out when in needC. to criticize the selfishness of bystandersD. to analyze the weakness of human natureE)Directions: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.A. Goods for auction salesB. Definition of biddingC. Way to sell more goods by auctionD. Auction sales in historyE. Brief introduction to auctionsF. Making a larger profit as an auctioneer80.Auctions are public sales of goods, conducted by an off icially approved auctioneer. He asks the crowd assembled in the auction-room to make offers, or “bids”, for the variousitems on sale. He encourages buyers to bid higher figures, a nd finally names the highest bidder as the buyer of the good s. This is called “knocking down”the goods, for the biddi ng ends when the auctioneer strikes a small hammer on a ta ble at which he stands.81.The ancient Roman probably invented sales by aucti on, and the English word comes from the Latin auction, mea ning “increasing”. The Romans usually sold in this way th e goods taken in war. In England in the eighteenth centuries, goods were often sold “by the candle”: a short candle wa s lit by the auctioneer, and bids could be made while it stay ed alight.82.Practically all goods whose qualities vary are sold by auction. Among these are coffee, skins, wool, tea, furs, si lk and wines. Auction sales are also usual for land and prop erty. Furniture, pictures, rare books, old china and similar wo rks of art.83An auction is usually advertised beforehand with ful l particulars of the articles to be sold and where and when they can be viewed by potential buyers. If the advertisement cannot give full details, catalogues are printed, and each gro up of goods to be sold together, called a “lot”, is usually given a number. The auctioneer need not begin with Lot 1 a nd continue in the order of numbers: he may wait until he notices the fact that certain buyers are in the room and then produce the lots they are likely to be interested in.84.The auctioneer’s services are paid for in the form of a percentage of the price the goods are sold for. The auctionee r therefore has a direct interest in pushing up the bidding as high as possible. He will not waste time by starting the bid ding too low. He will also play on the opponents among his buyers and succeed in getting a high price by encouraging two business competitors to bid against each other.第Ⅱ卷（共45分）Ⅰ. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences i nto Englis h, using the words given in the brackets.今年由于暴风雪他们不能回家过春节.(due to)不久他将收到他父亲从纽约寄来的信.(before)专门难想象这么小的一小孩能游过这么宽的一条大河.(im agine)最使我们惊奇的不是他的成功而是他的努力.(not…but)与他母亲的愿望相反,他没有被那所闻名的大学录用.(adm it)据估量下学期将有许多有关英语语法的讲座,这将对我们学习专门有关心.(which)Ⅱ．Guided Writing（25%）现在的广告形形色色,五花八门.它丰富了我们的生活,但同时也带来了专门多不利于小孩进展的因素,请谈谈你的看法.Answer SheetScore ___________一、Listening Comprehension:17. ______ 18.______. 19. ______. 20. ______21. ______ 22.______. 23._______. 24._______二、完型填空41.______.42.______.43._____.44._____.45.______.46.______.47._______.48.______.49._______.三、Reading Comprehension:80.______ 81. ______ 82.______ 83.______. 84.______三、Translation:1._______________________________________________ _______2._______________________________________________ _______.3._______________________________________________ _______4._______________________________________________ _______.5._______________________________________________ _______.6._______________________________________________ _______.四、Writing:_________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________高三英语月考卷Answer1----10 DAACDABCBB 11---16 CCDBAD17. Blair 18. Friday 19. 513-0318 20.Italian 21. Food Hall 22. in another world 23. electricity 24. cus toms and sales25.B 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. A 31. D 32.B 33.B 34.C 35. C 36. C 37. A 38. A 39. B 40. B41---49 4 6 1 2 9 7 10 3 5Key: 50---54 B D A C C 55---59 D BA D C 60-64 A C D A C65—68 DCDB 69---72 BDAC 73---75 CDD 76---79 ACDA80—84 EDACFThey couldn’t go back home to spend the Spring Festi val due to the snowstorm.It will not be long before he hears from his father from New York.It’s hard to imagine that such a little child could swim across such a wide river.What surprised us most was not his success but his effo rts.Contrary to his wish, he wasn’t admitted to that famou s university.It’s estimated that there will be many lectures about En glish Grammar next term, which will be very helpful to our study.。
99年-08年北京自考实验心理学试题
1999年北京自考实验心理学试卷一、单项选择1、刺激复合感觉器官，会对反应时产生下列哪些影响（D ）A减慢B无影响C先减慢后加快D加快2、两点阈是哪一种阈限（A ）A绝对阈限B差别阈限C绝对差别阈限D相对差别阈限3、在单字学习的再认和再测验中，能够再认和再现的单字在全部学过的单字中的百分比就是（D ）A自变量 B控制变量 C潜在自变量 D因变量4、实验结果要达到统计学上的显著性差异。
组内设计是（ C ）P18A较困难的B不可能的C较容易的D肯定的5、司机在十字路口遇到红灯或绿灯时的反应属于（ A ）P110A选择反应B简单反应C辨别反应D延缓反应6、实验中出现低限效应的原因是（ B ）P6A任务中等困难B任务过于困难C练习交数不够D任务过于容易7、当进行再认测验时，低频字比高频字成绩（C ）P200A更差 B一样 C更好 D无规律8、对一种气味适应后对另一种在气味的阈限将(B )P151A不影响 B提高 C降低 D先提高后降低9、恒定刺激法实验中，三类回答的实验易受被试哪些方面的影响(A )P70A态度 B血压 C性别 D智力10、因变量的效度是指(B )P5A一致性B有效性C敏感性D可测量性二、多项选择1、儿童的电报语言包括（AC ）P208A内容词B轴心词C算符D开放性词2、知觉恒常性包括（BD）P165A嗅适应B大小恒常性C视网膜象的恒常性D颜色恒常性3、从长远观点来看，对解决问题更有效的策略是（AD ）P248A理解B死记硬背C机械背诵D学会推理4、反应时受下列哪些因素的影响（ABD ）A额外动机B预备时间C智力D年龄5、下列词对中哪些属于联系群集（ABC ）A粉笔－黑板B桌子－椅子C男人－女人D狗－房屋三、填空1、正常人比胖人更多地受( 饥饿 )影响而进食；胖人比正常人更多地受食物的( 外现程度 )的影响进食。
P2742、两维图形的知觉分组原则中有( 封闭性规律 )、連续性规律、( 相似性规律 )、接近性规律。
全国2008年10月自学考试00031《心理学》历年真题
(
)
A. 社会助长
B. 社会惰化
C. 群体极化
D. 去个体化
16. 相似性是人际吸引的主要条件，在相似性的诸多因素中，最主要的因素是 A. 教育水平 B. 职业 C. 社会背景 D. 态度
(
)
17. 受不合现实或不合乎理性的害怕所困扰的状态，称为
(
)
A. 压力
B. 挫折
C. 焦虑障碍
D. 应激
18. 关于“心理发展的年龄特征”，下列说法中不正确的是
)
A. 问题空间
B. 抽象空间
C. 知觉空间
D. 具体空间
6. 主要考察受测者在学习和训练后所具有的知识水平和技能水平的测验，被称之为 A. 智力测验 B. 性向测验 C. 成就测验 D. 人格测验
(
)
7. “感时花溅泪，恨别鸟惊心”是作者情绪状态的写照，这种情绪状态是 A. 心境 B. 激情 C. 应激 D. 热情
)
A. 行为主义
B. 精神分析
C. 人本主义
D. 认知心理学
2. 学生们正在教室上课，突然一只小鸟从窗口飞过，大家不约而同转过头去看，这种现象叫做 A. 随意注意 B. 不随意注意 C. 随意后注意 D. 不随意后注意
(
)
3. 人类可见光波的波长范围是 (
)
A.100~400 毫微米
B.400~750 毫微米
四、论述题（本大题共 3小题，第 1、2小题任选 1题， 2题均答者，以前 1小题计分， 8分。第 3小题必答， 10分。共 18 分） 1. 影响创造性的因素有哪些？如何培养人的创造性？ 2. 试用工作动机理论说明如何激发人的工作动机。 3. 面对 5·12汶川大地震带来的心理挫折，灾区的很多民众运用心理防御机制，缓解心理挫折，减轻焦虑情绪，请 列举心理防御机制 5种常见的方式，并分析挫折的应对策略。
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绝密★启用前
2008年3月高等教育自学考试
生物化学（一）试卷（A）
（课程代码 2072 ）
一、单项选择题（本大题共20小题，每小题 1分，共 20 分）
1、卵磷脂分子中的含氮碱性化合物是 p113
A、丝氨酸 B、肌醇
C、胆碱 D、乙醇胺
2、 在糖酵解过程中催化6－磷酸果糖生成1,6－二磷酸果糖反应的酶是
A、葡萄糖激酶 B、糖原磷酸化酶 p144
C、醛缩酶 D、磷酸果糖激酶
3、 脂肪酸的主要氧化途径是 p212
Ａ、α-氧化 Ｂ、β-氧化
Ｃ、γ-氧化 Ｄ、ω-氧化
4、光合磷酸化发生在植物细胞的 p193
A、线粒体 B、溶酶体
C、高尔基体 D、叶绿体
5、米氏常数Km是 p85
A、酶促反应速率为最大值一半时的底物浓度
B、酶促反应速率为最大值时的底物浓度
C、酶促反应速率为最小值一半时的底物浓度
D、酶促反应速率为最小值时的底物浓度
6、自然界常见的蔗糖是 p136
Ａ、α－半乳糖（1→4）β－果糖苷
Ｂ、α－葡萄糖（1→4）β－葡萄糖苷
Ｃ、α－葡萄糖（1→2）β－果糖苷
Ｄ、α－甘露糖（1→4）β－葡萄糖苷
7、导致多肽α-螺旋中断,并导致”结节”形成的氨基酸是 p45
A、胱氨酸 B、脯氨酸
C、亮氨酸 D、异亮氨酸
8、类固醇激素作用缓慢是因为 p374
A、该类激素作用于DNA，通过影响蛋白质合成而起作用
B、 该类激素在体内运动速度缓慢，作用过程长
C、该类激素作用于RNA，通过影响蛋白质合成而起作用
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D、该类激素在体内分解速度慢，作用浓度低
9 在DNA分子的双螺旋结构中，碱基含量 p17
A、C ＝ C， G ＝ A B、U ＝ A，G ＝ T
C、T ＝ A， C ＝ G D、G ＝ A，C ＝ A
10、患夜盲症的病人，体内严重缺乏 p107
A、维生素E B 、脂肪酸
C、抗坏血酸 D、维生素A
11 参与蛋白质组成的20种氨基酸中等电点在pH 4以下是 p34
A、精氨酸和赖氨酸 B、谷氨酸和天冬氨酸
C、丝氨酸和苏氨酸 D、酪氨酸和苯丙氨酸
12、下列关于柠檬酸循环的论述，正确的是 p151
A、柠檬酸循环是糖代谢的主要途径与其他物质代谢无关
B、柠檬酸循环与氧化磷酸化之间没有任何关系
C、柠檬酸循环是糖、脂和蛋白质等物质代谢和转化的枢纽
D、柠檬酸循环与生物体内的能量代谢无关
13、DNA双链中编码链一段核苷酸的顺序是pCpTpGpCpApT，转录成mRNA
的核苷酸顺序是 p15
A、 pApUpGpCpApG B、pGpCpCpGpTpA
C、pGpUpCpGpTpA D、pApTpUpGpTpC
14、下列含有维生素的辅酶分子中不含有腺嘌呤的是 p103
A、转氨酶的辅酶 Ｂ、NAD+和NADP+
Ｃ、辅酶A（CoA） Ｄ、辅酶B12
15、测定酶活力时应该满足的条件是 p97
A、底物浓度比较低的范围内 B、pH比较高的范围内
C、温度尽可能高的范围内 D、在初速度范围内
16、尿酸和尿囊酸是 p294
A、嘌呤碱分解代谢的中间产物 B、氨基酸分解代谢的中间产物
C、嘧啶碱分解代谢的中间产物 D、蛋白质分解代谢的中间产物
17、DNA热变性过程中 p27
A、产生减色效应
B、产生增色效应
C、Tm随（C＋G）含量升高而降低
D、Tm随（T＋A）含量升高而增加
18、在Watson和Crick描述的B型DNA分子双螺旋模型中，每个螺旋包含
A、3 对核苷酸 B、5对核苷酸 p18
C、8对核苷酸 D、10对核苷酸
19、生物膜的主要组成物质是 118
A、甘油和脂肪酸 B、核酸和脂肪酸
C、磷脂和蛋白质 D、蛋白质和核酸
20、嘌呤上环第3位N和第9位N来源于 p296
A. 氨甲酰磷酸 B.谷氨酰胺
C. 甘氨酸 D.天冬氨酸
3
二、多项选择题（本大题共5小题，每小题 2分，共10分）
21、DNA分子双螺旋结构稳定的因素 p18－19
A、分子之间形成的二硫键
B、碱基之间形成的氢键
C、双螺旋外侧磷酸基团带的负电荷与带正电离子形成的离子键
D、位于双螺旋内部层层堆集的芳香族碱基产生的碱基堆积力
E、分子之间形成的酯键
22、、逆转录酶是多功能酶，具有 p321
A、依赖RNA的DNA聚合酶活性
B、依赖DNA的RNA聚合酶活性
C、脱氧核糖核酸酶的活力，水解 RNA－DNA杂交链中的DNA
D、核糖核酸酶H的活力，水解RNA－DNA杂交链中的RNA
E、DNA指导DNA聚合酶活力
23、鸟氨酸循环过程中 p321
A、少部分反应在线粒体内进行，大部分反应发生在胞浆中
B、鸟氨酸循环生成尿素和尿酸
C、鸟氨酸循环又称尿素循环，在肝脏细胞内进行
D、尿素分之中的两个氨基一个来自游离氮，另一个来自天冬氨酸
E、鸟氨酸循环与核苷酸代谢密切相关
24、下列关于酮体的叙述正确的有 p218－219
A、酮体是乙酰乙酸、羧丁酸和丙酮的总称。
B、酮体在血液中过多积累可导致病人昏迷严重时死亡。
C、酮体在体内积累过多对人体没有伤害作用.
D、酮体是体内不正常的代谢产物。
E、酮尿症是指病人体内过量的酮体从尿中排出。
25、制备带放射性标记的rRNA最好是用H3标记 p12
A、尿嘧啶 B、胸腺嘧啶
C、胞嘧啶 D、腺嘌呤
E、鸟嘌呤
三、名词解释题 （本大题共5小题，每小题3 分，共15分）
26、超二级结构 p49 27、分子杂交 p27
28、复制子和复制叉 p317 29、磷酸甘油穿梭 p188
30、酶的活性中心 p75
四、 简答题 （本大题共7小题，每小题5分，35分）
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31、根据蛋白质的元素组成和某些物理化学性质，测定蛋白质的方法主要有几种，
简单说明其原理。 P30－61
32、比较脂肪酸β－氧化分解和脂肪酸从头合成过程的差异，说明分解不是合成
过程的逆转。 P229
33、简要说明tRNA的二级结构的特点及其功能 p23
34、竞争性抑制作用和非竞争性抑制作用的特点及其Km和Vmax变化。
P89－91
35、E.Coli细胞中参与DNA复制的主要酶类及蛋白质因子及其作用。P312－316
36、蛋白质α－螺旋结构的有哪些基本特点？ P44
37、通过三羧酸循环与生物氧化的关系，说明为什么没有氧存在三羧酸循环，不
能正常进行。P159，167
五、论述题 （本大题共2小题，每小题10分，共20分）
38、试述蛋白质和核酸在生命活动中的重要作用。 P254 p317
39、试述生物体内糖类、脂肪和蛋白质分解代谢之间的相互关系。P362－363