2019年山东省淄博市中考英语试卷答案

2019年山东省淄博市中考英语试卷

第I卷（选择题共42分）一、完形填空（共10分）阅读下面短文，从每小题A、B、C、D中选出一个能填入文章中相应空白处的最佳答案．

1．（10分）For thousands of years，people farmed the land．They grew fruits and vegetables．They hunted and fished for meat．They（1）cloth，dyes（染料）and paper from plants．They used stone and metal for weapons and tools．People progressed to making machines powered（2）water and steam（蒸汽），and even later，by coal，oil，and petrol．Large cities were built．Factories（3）of machines created jobs in the cities for thousands of people．The Industrial Revolution（工业革命）changed the lives of many people because，for the first time，more people lived in cities than on（4）．

Companies built power plants（工厂）to make（5）to run the machines，factories and cities．

People did not realize these activities were（6）the Earth．They didn't realize bow（7）oil，gas，coal and minerals were being used up．

（8）cities grew bigger and spread across the land，plants and animals began to disappear．Their nature homes were

destroyed（破坏）as people moved into new places．

As time passed，people began to（9）the need to protect the Earth and its natural resources（资源）．They saw that plants and animals needed protection，so they wouldn't disappear forever．People joined together to tell（10）around the world to conserve（节约）our natural resources and care for the Earth．And so．Earth Day was born．Each year，more and more people take part in Earth Day．What can you do to help？

（1）A．separated B．washed C．made D．mixed （2）A．as B．for C．with D．by

（3）A．full B．proud C．sick D．short （4）A．mountains B．rivers C．grasslands D．farms （5）A．metal B．water C．electricity D．oil

（6）A．helping B．harming C．wasting D．losing （7）A．clearly B．hardly C．quickly D．slowly （8）A．Before B．If C．As D．Though （9）A．forget B．see C．remember D．get

（10）A．them B．other C．another D．others

二、阅读理解（共2小题，满分14分）阅读短文A、B，并做每篇后面的题目，从每小题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出能完

成所给句子或问题的最佳答案．

2．（6分）Like you，plants need good things like food，water，and minerals in order to grow．Usually they get these important nutrients（营养）from the rich soil（土壤）in which they're planted．But there's another way to grow plants that doesn't use soil．It's called hydrogenic gardening．

"Hydrogenic" means "working with water．" In a hydrogenic garden，plants grow with their roots in water，not in dirt．The water is filled with special food for the plants that gardeners have carefully measured and prepared．

Hydrogenic plants grow quickly．In ordinary gardens，plants need time and energy to grow long roots that search the soil for food and water．In a hydrogenic garden，plants can use their energy to grow tall instead．And because there is no soil，there are no weeds and few insect pests（害虫）．Gardeners don't need to spray（喷洒）plants with dangerous chemicals．Both the plants and the environment stay healthy．

Scientists hope that，one day，hydrogenic gardens may be able to help hungry people all over the world grow enough food﹣even in countries that have bad soil，or weather that is too hot，too cold，or too dry．And astronauts hope to take hydrogenic gardens with them to the spaceship they fly to Mars，so that they

will always have fresh vegetables，and the fun of growing a garden without dirt．

（1）What's the meaning of the underlined word "dirt" in the second paragraph？

A．soil

B．water

C．insect

D．food

（2）Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage？

A．Plants need water and other nutrients to grow．

B．There are no weeds inhydrogenic gardens．C．Hydrogenic plants cannot grow in too hot weather．D．Astronauts hope to take hydrogenic gardens to space．

（3）What's the passage about？

A．Plant growing．

B．Space farming．

C．Scientific watering．

D．hydrogenic gardening．

3．（8分）Can you imagine walking in，sitting next to a stranger and asking for the latest news or putting a recent novel down next to

someone's coffee and asking for their opinion before giving yours？

But more than 300 years ago，this kind of behaviour was encouraged in thousands of coffeehouses all over London．In 1712，the Starbucks site（位置）today was occupied（占据）by Button's coffeehouse Inside，poets，writers and members of the public gathered around long wooden tables drinking，thinking，writing and discussing literature into the night．On the wall，near where the Starbucks community notice board now stands，was the white marble（大理石）head of a lion with wide﹣open mouth．The public was invited to feed it with letters and stories．The best of the lion's digest（文摘）were published in a weekly edition of Joseph Addison's Guardian newspaper，named "the roaring of the lion"．

Today，few people know Button's．It's just one of London's forgotten coffeehouses．

London's first coffeehouse was opened by a Greek named Pasque Rosee in 1652．While a servant for a British merchant in Turkey，Rosee developed a taste for the exotic（异国情调的）Turkish drink and decided to import（进口）it to London．People from all walks of life came to his business to meet，greet，drink，think，write，and joke．

（1）Where was the white marble lion head？

A．In the backyard of the Starbucks．

B．On the Button's long wooden tables．

C．In Joseph Addison's Guardian newspaper．

D．On the wall of Button's coffeehouse．

（2）How often was "the roaring of the lion" published？A．Every day

B．Every week．

C．Every month

D．Every year）

（3）What kind of coffee did Pasque Rosee import to London？A．Turkish coffee．

B．Black coffee．

C．White coffee

D．Sweet coffee．

（4）What can we infer（推断）from the passage？

A．People could hardly found a coffeehouse in 1712 in London．B．Starbucks，Button's and Rosee's were famous coffeehouses of London in 1700s．

C．Button's was usually noisy and crowded at night 300 hundred years ago．

D．Only businessmen enjoyed the exotic coffee at Pasque Rosee's．阅读短文，根据短文内容，从短文后面的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。

4．（8分）I did not grow up in a family with books．（1）My process of being a reader seemed amazing．I got lost in one book that opened up my world and changed my life．

My primary school teacher always gave her pupils time to read for pleasure in school．She believed it would improve reading greatly．（2）It was a biography（传记）of actress Greta Garbo．I picked it up and began to read from cover to cover．The words I read attracted（吸引）me and I was excited．I realized that there were other women like Greta who had made great efforts and changed their lives．I recognized（认识）myself in her．

From then on，my teacher had a hard time keeping me supplied（提供）with books．She dug up all the biographies of women that she could find．（3）

It has been a long road．I am now a physics professor in a university．（4）Recently，someone gave me Justice Sonia Sotomayor's autobiography．Once again，I am encouraged and am imagining new possibilities for my life．

A．Most of my time is spent reading scientific literature．B．Their stories were like road maps that allowed me to see where I could go on with my life．

C．In my home，there was neither time nor energy to read．D．Reading plays an important role in my life．

E．One day，she put a book on my desk．

阅读下面材料，将下列小题中五位同学遇到的烦恼与专家所给的建议A-E进行匹配。

5．（10分）（1）One of my friends sometimes takes aside another friend to talk to her about something she doesn't want me to hear．It makes me feel sad．What should I do？

（2）Some of my friends are in a fight．like them all equally（同样地），but they say I have to choose sides．Help!

（3）I look up to my sisters．They're both intelligent（聪明的）feel that I'll never be as good as them．

（4）I am the shortest person in my class，and my classmates call me "Tiny Mouse．" How can I make them stop？

（5）I always use the computer and can't stop I feel that I'm not getting any smarter and the computer is warping（扭曲）my brain．

A．It's wonderful that you admire them．but try not to compare

yourself to them．Instead of trying to be like them，just try to be the best you possible．You will find that you will be much happier when you try to be true to yourself，rather than when you try to be like someone else．

B．The only way to break a habit is to force yourself to do something different． A world of exciting and interesting activities is just waiting for you．Write a list of things you've always wanted to do，learn，make，or try．When you feel like playing it，do something else．

C．Discuss this with her．Try not to suppose that she talks about you unless you actually hear what she says．But let her know that you are unhappy when she tells secrets around you．If you feel uncomfortable talking to her in person，you could write her a note instead．

D．We often hear from kids who are laughed at about their height．They probably don't mean to hurt your feelings．There are advantages and disadvantages to being any size．You might play along and come up with a funny reply．However，if you feel hurt，try talking to a parent or teacher．

E．Explain to your friends that you like all of them．You can play with each person or group separately．If they don't like this，then you may want to focus on other friendships until these

friends work things out．Another idea is to offer to help your friends solve their problems．

第II卷（非选择题共48分）三、选词填空（共1小题，满分10分）根据短文内容，选择适当的单词填空，使短文意思完整．每个选项只用一次，有两项剩余．

6．（10分）

want best slowly until when

happiness

facing in still now high not

My Dear Azhaan，

I want you to know that you remind me of myself in so many ways．You are like a better and Improved version（版本）of me．I look at you and I see myself（1）your eyes．I wish I had that confidence（信心）and even some of your bossiness （霸气）at that age．Yet，I'm also troubled on seeing this confidence（2）disappearing，because you are（3）many different things．I want you to know that your confidence is one of the （4）things about you．All of us admire your confidence．However，you are（5）confident enough these days，because you are beginning to dislike your own body．

You are not fat．I agree that you could be a little

healthier．You could eat a little less junk food．However，I don't know when you'll begin to enjoy fruits，but I believe that you will．

I think one of the moments of（6）for me was when you were born，and the doctor said，"Congratulations，you have another baby boy，" not because you were a boy but because you were healthy．

You're too young to understand this（7）no one realizes the importance of a normal life

（8）it is away from them．What I（9）for you is happiness：the understanding that you are not perfect and that it is okay because none of us is!

Stay confident and keep your head（10），my little boy ﹣who is growing up too soon!

Love，Ammi

四、语法填空（共1小题，满分10分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式．7．（10分）Ernest Hemingway，the son of a doctor and a music teacher，was born in 1899 in Oak Park，Illinois．Hemingway's father（1）（teach）him early on how to hunt and fish，two activities Hemingway loved throughout his life．Instead of（2）（go）to college，Hemingway became a reporter for the Kansas

City Star．

Later，in Europe，he worked as a driver（3）the Italian army until he was wounded and shipped home，where he again wrote for newspapers．Two years（4），he moved to Paris，where he hoped to improve his writing．There he became friends with other（5）（America）writers，including Gertrude Stein and F．Scott Fitzgerald．

Hemingway developed（6）style of writing that was simple and direct．He chose words sparingly（俭省地），avoided using adjectives，and trusted the reader to understand the（7）（mean）of his writing．As he put it，"I always try（8）（write）on the principle（原则）of the iceberg（冰山）．There is seven eighths of it under water for every part that shows．" This style continues to influence writers today．In his career（生涯），which lasted some 40 years，Hemingway earned the Pulitzer Prize and the Nobel Prize．He was one of the finest writers of the（9）（twenty）century．

For a while Ernest Hemingway lived in Key West，Florida，where he had nearly 50 cats．One of them was a cat with six toes （脚趾），which a ship's captain had given him．Today his Key West home is a museum，and many cats still live there．Some of them are（10）（child）of Hemingway's six﹣toed

cat．Hemingway was married four times and had three sons．He died in 1961．

五、阅读表达（共1小题，满分10分）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题．

8．（10分）Around the world，people live in homes of many shapes and sizes．In some countryside，people live together with their family in a huge house with gardens or backyards．On the other hand，the buildings in cities are usually very close together．

A home can be any kind of building﹣large or small．Some people even have homes on boats，in tents or in caravans that can be moved around．Caravans are mobile homes．They are towed（拖，拉）by either a car or a huge truck．Some of them are holiday homes．We can see many families staying together in these caravans．

In the past，rich and important people built strong castles to keep their families safe．The castles（城堡）were built on hill tops with high walls and some even had moats．Moats were deep and wide ditches（壕沟）filled with water．They made it difficult for enemies to attack．

Today，we have different ways of protecting our homes．Some homes are installed（安装）with video cameras and an alarm system．These will help to alert（向……报警）home

owners if someone tries to break in．

Homes are important to all the people．Everyone needs a home where they feel sheltered and safe．

（1）How are the buildings in cities？

（2）What is used to tow the caravans？

（3）Who built castles to keep their families safe in the past？（4）Why were moats built？

（5）What do people use to protect their homes today？

六、书面表达（共1小题，满分18分）

9．（18分）假定你是李明，你的英国朋友约翰想了解你参加社会实践活动或研学旅行方面的情况．请用英文给他写一封100词左右的电子邮件，介绍一次你参加的这样的活动．要点如下：

1．你参加了什么活动；

2．你做了什么；

3．你学到了什么．

注意：

1．书写规范，表达连贯，可根据内容适当发挥；

2．文中不得出现真实的地区、学校及姓名；

3．邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数．

_____________________．

答案

第I卷（选择题共42分）一、完形填空（共10分）阅读下面短文，从每小题A、B、C、D中选出一个能填入文章中相应空白处的最佳答案．

1.1．C 考查动词句意：他们用植物做布、染料和纸．A．separated

分类；B．washed洗；C．made制造；D．mixed混合．根据短语make sth from sth 用某物制造某物，故选C．

2．D 考查介词句意：人们开始制造水和蒸汽驱动的机器，甚至甚至到了后来，煤、石油和汽油．A．as随着；B．for给，为；C．with和…一起；D．by通过．根据and even later，by coal，oil，and petrol可知前句也是用by，指通过水和蒸汽来驱动机器，故选D．

3．A 考查形容词句意：满是机器的工厂为数千人在城市创造了就业机会．A．full充满；B．proud自豪的；C．sick生病的；D．short短的．根据created jobs in the cities for thousands of people．可知工厂里满是机器，故选A．

4．D 考查名词句意：工业革命改变了许多人的生活因为，第一次，住在城市的人比住在农场的人多．A．mountains高山；B．rivers河流；C．grasslands草地；D．farms农田．根据The Industrial Revolution（工业革命）changed the lives of many people和Factories（3）A of machines created jobs in the cities for

thousands of people．可知人们都到大城市里来谋生，所以第一次，住在城市的人比住在农场的人多，故选D．

5．C 考查名词句意：公司建造发电厂以发电来运行机器、工厂和城市．A．metal金属；B．water水；C．electricity电；D．oil 油．根据句意，人们建造发电厂是为了发电的，故选C．

6． B 考查动词句意：人们没有意识到这些活动正在伤害地球．A．helping帮助；B．harming伤害；C．wasting浪费；D．losing 失去．根据（8）C cities grew bigger and spread across the land，plants and animals began to disappear．Their nature homes were destroyed（破坏）as people moved into new places．可知这些活动都是在伤害地球，故选B．

7．C 考查副词句意：他们没有意识到石油、天然气、煤炭和矿产正迅速耗尽．A．clearly清晰地；B．hardly几乎不；C．quickly 快速地；D．slowly慢慢地．根据后文As time passed，people began to（9）B the need to protect the Earth and its natural resources（资源）．可知这些自然资源正快速被耗尽，故选C．

8．C 考查连词句意：随着城市的扩大和遍布全国，动植物开始消失．A．Before在…之前；B．If如果；C．As随着；D．Though 虽然，尽管．根据后句Their nature homes were destroyed（破坏）as people moved into new places．可知随着城市的扩大和遍布全国，动植物开始消失．故选C．

9． B 考查动词句意：随着时间的推移，人们开始意识到保

护地球及其它的自然资源的需要．A．forget忘记；B．see看到；C．remember记得；D．get得到．根据They saw that plants and animals needed protection，可知人们开始意识到保护地球的重要性，故选B．

10．D 考查代词句意：人们联合起来告诉世界各地的人来节约我们的自然资源和关心地球．A．them他们；B．other，别的，其他的；C．another另一个；D．others别人或别的东西．根据句意，可知，人们联合起来建立世界地球日是为了让别人来节约自然资源并关心地球，故选D．

二、阅读理解（共2小题，满分14分）阅读短文A、B，并做每篇后面的题目，从每小题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出能完成所给句子或问题的最佳答案．

2.1．A 词语理解题．根据In a hydrogenic garden，plants grow with

their roots in water在氢化花园里，植物的根生长在水中，可知此处是讲不是泥土中，dirt指代泥土，故选A．

2．C 细节理解题．根据Scientists hope that，one day，hydrogenic gardens may be able to help hungry people all over the world grow enough food﹣even in countries that have bad soil，or weather that is too hot，too cold，or too dry科学家希望，有一天，氢化花园能够帮助全世界饥饿的人种植足够的食物﹣﹣即使是在土壤不好、天气太热、太冷或太干燥的国家，可知氢化植物在炎热的天气依然可以存活，故选C．

3．D 主旨大意题．根据But there's another way to grow plants that doesn't use soil．It's called hydrogenic gardening但是还有另一种不使用土壤种植植物的方法．这叫做氢化园艺，结合文章内容，文章主要介绍了氢化园艺，包括其特点与优势，故选D

3.1．D 细节理解题．根据On the wall，near where the Starbucks

community notice board now stands，was the white marble head of a lion with wide﹣open mouth墙上，现在星巴克社区公告板附近，是张大嘴巴的白色大理石狮子头，可知在巴顿的咖啡馆的墙上，故选D

2．B 细节理解题．根据The best of the lion's digest were published in a weekly edition of Joseph Addison's Guardian newspaper最佳狮子文摘发表在约瑟夫?艾迪生《卫报》周刊上，可知是周刊，每周都有，故选B

3．A 细节理解题．根据While a servant for a British merchant in Turkey，Rosee developed a taste for the exotic Turkish drink and decided to import it to London作为一名在土耳其的英国商人的仆人，罗斯对异国情调的土耳其饮料产生了兴趣，并决定把它进口去伦敦，可知是指土耳其咖啡，故选A

4．C 细节理解题．根据Can you imagine walking in，sitting next to a stranger and asking for the latest news or putting a recent novel down next to someone's coffee and asking for their opinion before giving yours？But more than 300 years ago，this kind of

behaviour was encouraged in thousands of coffeehouses all over London你能想象走进来，坐在陌生人旁边，询问最新消息，或者把最近的小说放在某人的咖啡旁边，在给你之前征求他们的意见吗？但是300多年前，这种行为在伦敦成千上万的咖啡馆里受到鼓励，可知300年前，巴顿咖啡通常在晚上吵闹拥挤，故选C

阅读短文，根据短文内容，从短文后面的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。

4.细节推理题．

1．C 根据前句I did not grow up in a family with books我不是在一个有书的家庭里长大的．可知结合选项，应说在我家，既没有时间也没有精力读书．故选C．

2．E 根据后句It was a biography（传记）of actress Greta Garbo．这是女演员葛丽泰?嘉宝的传记．可知结合选项，应说一天，她把一本书放在我的书桌上．故选E．

3．B 根据前句She dug up all the biographies of women that she could find．她把她能找到的所有女性传记都翻了出来．可知结合选项，应说他们的故事就像路线图，让我看到我的生活可以继续下去．故选B．

4．D 根据前句It has been a long road．I am now a physics professor in a university．这是一条漫长的路．我现在是一所大学的物理教授．可知结合选项，应说阅读在我的生活中扮演着重要的角色．故选D．

阅读下面材料，将下列小题中五位同学遇到的烦恼与专家所给的建议A-E进行匹配。

5.细节推理题．

1．C 根据One of my friends sometimes takes aside another friend to talk to her about something she doesn't want me to hear．It makes me feel sad．What should I do？我的一个朋友有时会把另一个朋友拉到一边，和她谈论一些她不想让我听到的事情．它让我感到悲伤．我该怎么办？可知结合选项，应说和她讨论一下．除非你真的听到她在说什么，否则不要以为她在谈论你．但当她向你倾诉秘密时，要让她知道你并不快乐．如果你和她当面交谈感到不舒服，你可以给她写个便条．故选C．

2．E 根据Some of my friends are in a fight．like them all equally （同样地），but they say I have to choose sides．Help!我的一些朋友在打架．他们都一样，但他们说我必须选择立场．帮助我．可知结合选项，应说向你的朋友解释你喜欢他们所有人．你可以单独和每个人或小组玩．如果他们不喜欢这样，那么你可以关注其他的友谊，直到这些朋友解决问题．另一个方法是帮助你的朋友解决他们的问题．故选E．

3．A 根据I look up to my sisters．They're both intelligent（聪明的）feel that I'll never be as good as them．我尊敬我的姐妹们．她们都很聪明，都觉得我永远不会像他们那么好．可知结合选项，应说你钦佩他们真是太好了．但是不要拿自己和他们比较．与其试着