风力发电论文摘要 英文翻译
风力发电的优点与缺点英语作文
风力发电的优点与缺点英语作文Advantages and disadvantages of wind power generation1、 AdvantagesWind energy is a clean energy source; The cost of large-scale power generation is lower than that of other forms of power generation; 2. Most wind energy facilities are nonthree-dimensional facilities, which can protect land and ecology; Wind power generation is a renewable energy, very environmentally friendly, very clean; Energy conservation and environmental protection of wind power generation.2、 DisadvantagesThe ecological problem of wind power generation is that it may interfere with bird flight. For example, the grouse in Kansas has gradually disappeared after the emergence of windmills. The current solution is offshore power generation, which has high price but high efficiency.The economy of wind power generation is insufficient. The abundance of wind energy is greatly affected by weather and climate. The wind power in many areas is intermittent and seasonal. There is no difference between the wind energy rich period and the market demand period. For example, Taiwan and other places have less wind power in summer and daytime when the power demand is high. Low wind power conversion rate.The wind farm covers a large area. Wind power generation requires a large amount of land to build wind farms, which can produce more energy.It will cause regional environmental changes and noise pollution. So we need to find some open and sparsely populated places to build.At present, wind power generation is not yet mature, and there is still considerable room for development. The impact of wind power generation on the environment significantly reduces the local wind speed, and the stability of atmospheric stratification determines that the wind farm will produce warming or cooling effects.Under the condition of sufficient water vapor, the precipitation in this area will be doubled, the vegetation coverage will be increased, and the vegetation growth will further increase the precipitation, forming a virtuous circle ①, which can reduce the local wind speedWhen the wind blows over the blade, due to the asymmetry of the shape of the blade cross section, the flow velocity of the wind above the blade is large, while the flow velocity below the blade is small. This will cause the pressure above the blade to be low and the pressure below to be high. This pressure difference will generate lift and make the blade rotate. To some extent, the wind farm is equivalent to a "barrier" with gaps, so the wind speed will be reduced when the wind passes through. In arid areas, especially in desertification areas, the reduction of network speed can slow down or inhibit desertification.② More warming effects When the atmospheric stratification is stable, the air temperature in the upper layer is higher and that in the lower layer is lower. With the stirring of blades,the air in the upper layer is brought to the lower layer, causing the air temperature in the lower layer to rise.As the wind speed in the wind farm interior and downstream area decreases, evaporation will weaken when the underlying surface of the area is relatively wet, resulting in temperature rise.③ The global climate effect of wind farms The global warming effect of wind farms is far lower than that of greenhouse gases emitted by human activities, but it cannot be ignored.。
风能电能英文作文
风能电能英文作文英文：Wind energy and electric energy are two important forms of renewable energy. Wind energy is generated by wind turbines that convert the kinetic energy of the wind into electrical energy. Electric energy, on the other hand, is generated by power plants that convert various forms of energy, such as nuclear energy, fossil fuels, or renewable sources, into electrical energy.Wind energy has many advantages. It is clean, renewable, and does not produce any harmful emissions. It is also abundant and widely available, especially in coastal areas and open fields. Wind turbines can be installed on land or offshore, making it a versatile source of energy.However, wind energy also has some limitations. Wind turbines require a certain wind speed to generate electricity, and they can be noisy and visually intrusive.They also have a limited capacity and cannot generate electricity continuously.Electric energy, on the other hand, has a higher capacity and can generate electricity continuously. It can also be produced from a variety of sources, including renewable sources such as wind, solar, and hydroelectric power. Electric energy is also more efficient than other forms of energy, such as fossil fuels, and produces fewer emissions.However, electric energy also has some drawbacks. It requires a lot of infrastructure, including power plants, transmission lines, and distribution networks. It can also be expensive to produce and distribute, especially if it is generated from non-renewable sources.In conclusion, both wind energy and electric energy have their advantages and disadvantages. While wind energy is clean and renewable, it has limitations in terms of capacity and reliability. Electric energy, on the other hand, has a higher capacity and can be produced from avariety of sources, but it requires a lot of infrastructure and can be expensive.中文：风能和电能是两种重要的可再生能源形式。
风能英汉互译作文
风能英汉互译作文Wind energy, also known as wind power, is a renewable and clean source of energy that has the potential to play a significant role in our transition towards a more sustainable future. By harnessing the power of the wind, we can generate electricity without producing harmful greenhouse gas emissions or depleting finite resources.One of the main advantages of wind energy is its abundance and accessibility. Wind is a naturally occurring phenomenon that is present all around the world, making it a widely available resource for generating electricity. With advancements in technology, wind turbines have become more efficient and cost-effective, allowing us to tap into this renewable energy source on a larger scale.Furthermore, wind energy is environmentally friendly and does not contribute to air or water pollution. Unlike fossil fuels, wind power does not produce harmful emissions that contribute to climate change or harm public health. By investing in wind energy infrastructure, we can reduce our reliance on fossil fuels and mitigate the impacts of global warming.In addition to its environmental benefits, wind energyalso has the potential to create jobs and stimulate economic growth. The development and maintenance of wind farms require skilled workers, engineers, and technicians, providing employment opportunities in the renewable energy sector. Moreover, investing in wind energy can help diversify our energy sources and reduce our dependence on imported fuels.In conclusion, harnessing wind energy is a sustainable and environmentally responsible way to meet our growing energy needs. By investing in wind power infrastructure and promoting the use of renewable energy sources, we can create a cleaner and healthier planet for future generations.中文翻译：风能，也被称为风力能源，是一种可再生且清洁的能源来源，有潜力在我们向更可持续未来转型中发挥重要作用。
风能的优缺点英文作文
风能的优缺点英文作文英文：Wind energy is a renewable source of energy that has gained popularity in recent years. As with any energy source, wind energy has its advantages and disadvantages.Advantages:1. Clean and renewable: Wind energy does not produceany harmful emissions or pollutants, making it a clean and sustainable source of energy.2. Cost-effective: Once the wind turbines are installed, the energy produced is essentially free. This makes wind energy a cost-effective option for generating electricity.3. Job creation: The wind energy industry has created thousands of jobs in manufacturing, installation, and maintenance of wind turbines.Disadvantages:1. Intermittent: Wind energy is dependent on wind speed, which can vary greatly throughout the day and seasonally. This means that wind energy cannot be relied upon as a constant source of energy.2. Wildlife impact: Wind turbines can pose a threat to birds and bats, which can collide with the blades.3. Visual impact: Some people find wind turbines to be unsightly and a blight on the landscape.Overall, wind energy has many advantages, but it also has some drawbacks. It is important to carefully consider these factors when deciding whether or not to invest inwind energy.中文：风能是一种可再生能源，近年来越来越受到关注。
风能电能英文作文
风能电能英文作文Wind energy and electric energy are two important sources of power in today's world. Wind energy is harnessed from the natural force of the wind, while electric energyis produced through various methods such as burning fossil fuels or using nuclear reactions.Wind energy is considered a renewable and clean source of power, as it does not produce any harmful emissions or pollutants. On the other hand, electric energy production often involves the burning of fossil fuels, which releases carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, contributing to climate change.Wind turbines are used to capture the kinetic energy of the wind and convert it into electricity. These turbines can be installed on land or offshore, and they come in various sizes to accommodate different power needs. In contrast, electric energy is generated in power plants and then distributed through power lines to homes andbusinesses.One of the advantages of wind energy is its abundance and accessibility. Wind is a free and unlimited resource, and with the right technology, it can be harnessed almost anywhere in the world. Electric energy, on the other hand, relies on the availability of fossil fuels or other resources, which may be limited in certain regions.In terms of environmental impact, wind energy is much more sustainable than electric energy. The production and use of electric energy contribute to air and water pollution, as well as the depletion of natural resources. Wind energy, on the other hand, has minimal impact on the environment and helps to reduce our reliance on non-renewable resources.In conclusion, both wind energy and electric energy play important roles in meeting the world's power needs. While wind energy offers a cleaner and more sustainable alternative to traditional electric energy, both sourceswill likely continue to be used in combination to ensure a reliable and diverse energy supply for the future.。
风力发电机专题英文翻译
风力发电机专题英文翻译本科生毕业设计(论文)外文翻译毕业设计(论文)题目:10KW水平轴风力发电机外文题目:Criterion of aerodynamic performance of large-scale offshorehorizontal axis wind turbines译文题目:海上大型水平轴风力机的气动性能标准学生姓名: 董云盼专业: 机自1103班指导教师姓名: 金映丽评阅日期: 2015年3月日海上大型水平轴风力机的气动性能标准程兆雪，李仁年，杨从新，胡文瑞(1.兰州理工大学2.力学研究所，中国科学院，北京100080，PR中国)(供稿胡文瑞)摘要:以海上风电项目为背景，本文研究大容量风力机转子的气动性、几何特性(1至10兆瓦)，和主要的特征参数，如额定风速度，叶尖速度，和转子的牢固性。
研究表明，一个高性能风力发电机组的基本标准是一个可能的最高年度可用能量模式因素和以最小可能的尺寸，捕获最大风能生产的年最大功率。
我们研究影响其模式因素和在中国的海洋气象环境作用下影响风力涡轮机转子的几何形状的上述三个参数。
获得气动和几何的变化模式，分析参数，并作比较，最后形成评价大型海上风力涡轮机转子的空气动力性能的基础。
关键词:海上风电项目水平轴风力发电机转子的空气动力学设计年均的可用能源格局因素功率系数风力涡轮转子风力涡轮叶片1 引言海上风力发电是全世界风能开发的前沿技术。
西欧国家在20世纪90年代，为了探讨技术问题，开始安装大型海上风力发电机。
因为丰富的风资源，风速和风向的稳定性，和没有严格的环境保护的要求，这些国家在本世纪初制定了一系列的大型海上风能项目开发方案。
到2020年，大型海上风力发电机的整体输出将达到150 000兆瓦。
和欧洲国家相比，美国和加拿大的内陆风能发展潜能很巨大，但是，在这两个国家也建立了总产出达1 000兆瓦的离岸风力农场。
在中国，在技术进口，吸收，自主制作的政策下，中国大陆成功地建设了许多安装有1.5兆瓦单机组风力涡轮机的风力农场(内蒙古、新疆、甘肃和宁夏的沙漠中)。
风能的优缺点英文作文
风能的优缺点英文作文英文：Wind energy is a renewable energy source that hasgained popularity in recent years due to its numerous advantages. One of the main advantages of wind energy isthat it is clean and does not produce any harmful emissions or pollutants. This makes it a great alternative to fossil fuels, which contribute to air pollution and climate change.Another advantage of wind energy is that it is abundant and widely available. Wind turbines can be installed in various locations, including offshore and onshore, and they can generate electricity even in areas with low wind speeds. This means that wind energy can be harnessed in many partsof the world, making it a versatile and reliable source of energy.However, wind energy also has some disadvantages. Oneof the main drawbacks is that it is intermittent, meaningthat it cannot generate electricity continuously. Wind speeds can vary throughout the day and night, and this can affect the amount of energy that can be generated. This makes wind energy less reliable than other sources of energy, such as coal or nuclear power.Another disadvantage of wind energy is that it can have negative impacts on wildlife and the environment. Wind turbines can be dangerous to birds and bats, and they can also disrupt ecosystems by altering wind patterns and noise levels. Additionally, the construction and maintenance of wind turbines can have negative impacts on local communities and landscapes.Overall, wind energy has both advantages and disadvantages. While it is a clean and abundant source of energy, its intermittent nature and potential negative impacts on wildlife and the environment must be carefully considered.中文：风能是一种可再生能源，由于其众多优点而在近年来变得越来越受欢迎。
风力发电原理英语作文
风力发电原理英语作文Wind Power Generation Principle。
Wind power is one of the most promising renewable energy sources in the world today. It is a clean and sustainable source of energy that can be used to generate electricity. The principle of wind power generation is simple. The kinetic energy of the wind is converted into electrical energy through a process called wind power generation. The following is a detailed explanation of the wind power generation principle.Wind power generation is a process that involves the conversion of the kinetic energy of the wind intoelectrical energy. The process involves the use of wind turbines, which are designed to capture the kinetic energy of the wind and convert it into electrical energy. Wind turbines consist of three main components: the rotor, the generator, and the control system.The rotor is the part of the wind turbine that captures the kinetic energy of the wind. It consists of two or three blades that are attached to a hub. The blades are designedto be aerodynamic, which means that they are shaped in such a way that they can capture the maximum amount of wind energy. When the wind blows, it causes the blades to rotate.The generator is the part of the wind turbine that converts the kinetic energy of the wind into electrical energy. It consists of a rotor and a stator. The rotor is connected to the blades of the wind turbine and rotates when the wind blows. The stator is stationary and containsa series of coils that are connected to an electrical circuit. As the rotor rotates, it generates an electrical current in the coils of the stator.The control system is the part of the wind turbine that regulates the speed of the rotor. It consists of a set of sensors and a controller. The sensors measure the speed and direction of the wind, and the controller adjusts the position of the rotor to optimize the amount of energy that is captured.In summary, wind power generation is a process that involves the conversion of the kinetic energy of the wind into electrical energy. It is a clean and sustainable source of energy that can be used to generate electricity. Wind turbines consist of three main components: the rotor, the generator, and the control system. The rotor captures the kinetic energy of the wind, the generator converts it into electrical energy, and the control system regulates the speed of the rotor.。
外国小伙制作风力发电机的英语作文
外国小伙制作风力发电机的英语作文,及翻译wind energyKinetic energy produced by earth surface large amount of air fl ow. The steam contents are different in diversity and air since the fl oor accepts sun irradiation queen airtemperature change everywhere, difference arousing everywhere pressure as a result, area flows to low pressure , is to form wind i n high-handed air of level direction. Wind energy source resource d ecides the Yu Feng Neng density sum but the wind energy source year making use of accumulates hour number. Wind en ergy source density is that the unit faces the wind covering an area of the groundless power gaining , the cube and air density direct proportion with wind speed concern. Evidence is estimated, the who le world wind energy source all quantity about 130 billion kilowatt , Chinese wind energy source all quantity about 1,600,000,000 kilowa tt. Wind energy source resource accepts the landform effect more, world wind energy source resource is many contraction zone focusi ng on littoral and open continent, Inner Mongolia , Xinjiang and Ga nsu Province area wind energy source resource enrich Chinese sout heast along the coast, also very much if American California composes in reply along the bank a few Northern Europe countries. Littor al and neighbouring Chinese southeast island and islet wind energy source density may amount to 300 watts of/ rice 3 ~ 20 meter s of/ second of wind speed year accumulative totals exceed 6000 h ours above 2 (W／m2). Best inner Lu Feng Neng resource area, one takes along Inner Mongolia to Xinjiang, wind energy source densit y also is in 6000 hours of 200 ~ 300 W／m2 , 3 ~ 20 meters of/ s econd of wind speed year accumulated 5000 ~. These area is suitab le for developing wind power generatingelectricity preparing wind power carrying water. That Xinjiang re aches the hill slope city wind power power station already packing machine in 1992 is a maximal Chinese wind power power station 5, 500,000 watts.The sources of energy the middle, wind in Nature to be that one kind of regenerate , the nothing contaminate and reser ves are gigantic. With the fact that the global climate is changed in to the warm energy crisis,stepping up to the wind power exploitatio n and making use of in every country , cut down a carbon dioxide to the full waiting forgreen-house gas emission , protect the earth on which we rely for existing. The windenergy source making use of is two kinds forms mainly assume driving force with the wind energy source preparing wind power g enerating electricity , generate electricity among them with wind po wer give first place to,Assume driving force with the wind energy source , be to mak e use of wind to come to set various mechanism in motion directly, waiting for this wind power engine merit if drive a water pump to carry water is: Investment is few , work efficiency is tall , economy isdurable. At present, make an appointment with in the world ha ving one Baiduowan stage manner to mention water machine stren uously in turn over. Many grazing land of Aussie, set up have this wind power to mention water machine. In many countries of wind powerabound in natural resources, scientists making use of the wind power engine to chop fodder , grinding face and processing feed a nd so on.The application making use of wind power to generate electrici ty, with Denmark is the earliest , usage is more common and. Be th at world wind energy source electric power generation Great Power and electric power generation wind wheel produce Great Power but though Denmark only having more than 5,000,000 population,the manufacturer world 10 gales wheels are produced has 5 being in D enmark , the world 60% the above wind wheel manufactory technol ogy all in using Danish, is "pinwheel Great Power " true to self's na me.翻译：地球表面大量气流产生的动能。
平潭风力发电作文英语范文
平潭风力发电作文英语范文Chapter 1: IntroductionWind power is a rapidly growing source of renewable energy globally, with numerous advantages such as being a clean and sustainable option to replace fossil fuels. Among the many regions developing wind power projects, Pingtan Island (also known as Pingtan or Pintan), located in Fujian Province of China, stands out as a key site for wind power generation. Pingtan is an island with abundant wind resources, making it an ideal location for wind power development.Chapter 2: Wind Power Potential in PingtanPingtan has a unique geographic advantage, positioned at the northernmost tip of the Taiwan Strait. This location exposes the island to strong and consistent winds, especially during the winter months. These winds are primarily the result of the interaction between the Siberian high-pressure system and the Philippine low-pressure system. The average wind speed in Pingtan is estimated to be around 7 meters per second. With its favorable wind conditions, Pingtan has great potential for wind power generation.Chapter 3: Wind Farm Development in PingtanThe development of wind power in Pingtan started in 2011 with the construction of the Pingtan Offshore Wind Farm. This wind farm, located 15 kilometers southeast of Pingtan Island, consists of 59 wind turbines with a total installed capacity of 99.3 megawatts (MW). Since its completion, the Pingtan Offshore Wind Farm hasbeen successfully generating clean electricity to meet the energy needs of local residents.To further tap into Pingtan's wind power potential, the local government has plans to expand the wind farm. An additional 100 wind turbines are set to be installed, with a projected installed capacity of 250 MW. This expansion will bring the total capacity of the Pingtan Offshore Wind Farm to 349.3 MW, providing sustainable energy for both Pingtan Island and the surrounding areas.Chapter 4: Economic and Environmental BenefitsThe development of wind power in Pingtan has brought numerous economic and environmental benefits to the region. Economically, the construction and operation of wind farms have created job opportunities and stimulated local economic growth. Additionally, wind power has reduced the region's reliance on imported fossil fuels, leading to increased energy security and reduced energy costs.From an environmental perspective, wind power is a clean and sustainable energy source. By harnessing wind, Pingtan can reduce its carbon dioxide emissions and mitigate the effects of climate change. Furthermore, wind power generation does not produce harmful pollutants or waste, making it an environmentally friendly alternative to traditional energy sources.Conclusion:With its favorable wind resources, Pingtan Island has emerged as a key player in wind power development. The Pingtan Offshore Wind Farm and its planned expansion demonstrate the island's commitment to clean and sustainable energy generation. The economic and environmental benefits of wind power in Pingtan are evident, making it a model for other regions seeking to transition to renewable energy sources.Chapter 5: Challenges and SolutionsWhile the development of wind power in Pingtan has been promising, it has not come without its challenges. One major obstacle is the need for substantial investment in wind farm infrastructure. The construction and maintenance of wind turbines, as well as the installation of offshore transmission lines, require significant funding. To overcome this challenge, the local government has sought partnerships with private investors and international organizations to attract the necessary capital.Another challenge is the potential impact on the local ecosystem and wildlife. The offshore location of the wind farm can disrupt marine habitats and interfere with migratory patterns of birds and marine life. To mitigate these concerns, thorough environmental impact assessments have been conducted prior to the construction of the wind farm. Measures such as monitoring animal behavior and implementing noise reduction technologies have been implemented to minimize the impact on the environment. Chapter 6: Future OutlookThe future of wind power in Pingtan looks promising. With the planned expansion of the Pingtan Offshore Wind Farm, the islandis set to increase its wind power capacity significantly. This expansion will bring more clean and renewable energy to the region, further reducing its carbon footprint and dependence on fossil fuels.Furthermore, Pingtan's strategic location at the northernmost tip of the Taiwan Strait positions it as a potential hub for offshore wind power development. The island's strong, consistent winds and proximity to other coastal regions with high energy demand make it an ideal location for offshore wind farms. This presents an opportunity for Pingtan to become a renewable energy leader in the region and attract more investment in wind power projects.Chapter 7: Lessons for Other RegionsThe success of wind power development in Pingtan provides valuable lessons for other regions looking to harness their wind resources. First and foremost, conducting thorough feasibility studies and environmental impact assessments are crucial for the sustainable development of wind farms. Understanding wind patterns, potential environmental impacts, and the economic feasibility of projects ensures long-term success.Additionally, collaboration between the government, private sector, and international organizations is essential to overcome challenges such as funding and technical expertise. Developing partnerships and attracting investment can accelerate wind power development and ensure its long-term viability.Finally, Pingtan's experience highlights the importance of policysupport and a clear regulatory framework. Favorable policies and supportive regulations create a conducive environment for wind power development. This includes incentives for renewable energy projects, streamlined permitting processes, and transparent guidelines for environmental impact assessments.Conclusion:The development of wind power in Pingtan Island is a testament to the island's commitment to clean and sustainable energy generation. Overcoming challenges such as infrastructure investment, environmental concerns, and policy support, Pingtan has successfully harnessed its wind resources to generate clean electricity. The planned expansion of the Pingtan Offshore Wind Farm and its potential as a regional hub for offshore wind power development bode well for the future of renewable energy in Pingtan. The lessons learned from Pingtan's experience can serve as a blueprint for other regions seeking to tap into their wind power potential and transition to a more sustainable energy future.。
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摘 要 风力发电是清洁的、无污染的可再生能源，它的优势已被人们所认识。但是现阶段风力发电成本与常规能源相比仍不具有优势，特别是在我国，风力发电成本还难与同常规能源相竞争，这制约了我国风电事业的发展。因此全面地研究我国风力发电成本、研究影响风力发电成本的因素、找到降低风力发电成本的途径，对促进我国风电事业的发展、改进我国能源结构、治理我国的环境污染具有重要的现实意义。 为此本文从以下几方面对风电成本进行了初步研究：首先，本文介绍了风力发电的历史和现状；其次，运用层次综合分析方法，从社会总成本的角度对风力发电成本进行研究，得出风力发电的社会总成本第二的结论；再次，分析了减低风电成本的途径。最后从两方面对我国风电成本的走势进行了分析，得出风电成本在未来的发展趋势是逐渐下降的结论。
关键字：风力发电 社会总成本 实际成本 风电场 ABSTRACT This paper introduces wind Power generation cost in china Wind Power is a kind of cleaner and no pollution and regenerate power, Its benefits has been known by most people.But it has been yet inferior to routine power in cost, especially in our country. So studying the cost of the wind power generation and studying the factors of affecting wind power generation costs and finding the ways of decreasing the wind power generation costs in our country have very important realistic meanings and it can promote the cause of the wind power generation and improve the energy constitutes and administer circumstance pollution in our country.hence,this paper is accomplished to develop the study of the wind power generation cost: First ,the history and the present of wind power generation are introduced: Second ,the social cost of wind power generation are studied by means of comprehensive analyses.draw a conclusion;the social cost of wind power generation is lower;Third ,the real cost of wind power generation are studied by model of wind distribution and generation amount and calculating the cost of wind power generation;the factors affecting wind power generation cost are studied by sensitivities with a real example and draw a conclusion:average wind rate is most influence to wind power generation cost and the ways of reducing wind power generation cost are discussed. Fourth ,the trend of wind power generation cost is analysised and draw a conclusion;wind power generation cost is dropping.
Key word: wind power generation the social cost the real cost wind power generation farm 目 录 1 概 述 ................................................................ 1
1.1风力发电的研究现状 ................................................. 1 1.2我国风力发电的发展状况 ............................................. 3 1.3发展风力发电的必要性和意义 ......................................... 4 2中国风力发电社会总成本的研究 ....................................... 6
2.1研究方法的选择 ..................................................... 6 2.2原理及步骤 ......................................................... 6 2.2.1具体步骤 ..................................................... 6 2.2.2 进行层次总排序 ............................................... 8 3层次分析综合评价法的应用 ............................................ 9 3.1建立层次结构模型 ................................................... 9 3.2构造判断矩阵 ....................................................... 9 3.3 进行层次单排序极其一致性检验 ..................................... 11 3.4进行层次总排序 .................................................... 13 3.5层次总排序一致性检验 .............................................. 14 3.6世界各国促进风力发电发展的激励政策 ................................ 14 3.7小结 .............................................................. 16 4 中国风力发电的成本走势分析 ........................................ 16 4.1风机国产化的形式对成本走势的影响 .................................. 16 4.2.国家政策 ......................................................... 16 4.3目前我国风力发电成本较高原因分析 .................................. 17 4.3.1目前我国风力发电成本较高原因 ................................ 17 4.3.2解决的方法 .................................................. 19 4.3.3风力发电在我国发展的美好前景 ................................ 19 谢 辞 .................................................................. 20 参考文献 ............................................................... 21 大连交通大学信息工程学院2011届本科生毕业设计（论文）
1 1 概 述
1.1风力发电的研究现状 风力发电于1890年起源于丹麦，之后经过几个重要的发展阶段。第一阶段是二战前后，由于能源需求量增大，不少国家相继开始注意风力发电.美国于1941年建造了一台1250kw的特大风力发电机组，这种风力发电机组技术复杂，运行不稳定。因此只能停留在科研阶段，无法推广使用。第二阶段出现在70年代，世界连续出现的两次石油危机极大地刺激了风力发电的发展。此时，丹麦己研制出55-630kw的系列化风力发电机组。第三阶段是在80年代，以美国为首的西方各国开始着手实施以风力发电为中心的节能计划，各国都为风力发电提供了许多优惠政策，这促使风力发电高速发展。第四阶段进入90年代，随着世界环境的不断恶化，环保呼声日益高涨，各国更加注重发展风力发电，在科学技术进步的强有力的推动下，风力发电的发展令人瞩目，据有关资料统计:从1981~1999年世界风力发电机组装机容量平均每年以40%速度增长。到2000年为止，风能的发电量已占总发电量的5~10%。全世界风电总装机容量1994年底为350万;1995年新增140万，达到490万kw;从图1中可以看到1996年底总装机容量为607万kw:1997年底总装机容量跃升至780万kW;1998年底总装机容量达到900万kw;1999年底总装机容量达到1393万kw;到2000年底总装机容量达到1700万kw.估计2001年底总装机容量达到2000万kw。
表1-1 2000年世界风力发电装机容量排在前四名的国家
从表1-1可以看到德国位居第一，装机容量为166Mkw;西班牙位居第二，装机容量为775Mkw;第三位是荷兰，装机容量为40OMkw;第四为是意大利，装机容量为170Mkw;第五位为美国，装机容量为62Mkw。 随着风力发电装机容量的增长，风力发电的成本则在不断下降。在过去的二十年里，风力发电的成本下降已超过了80%，在80年代，风力发电成本是30美分/KWH，到2000年风力发电成本降到了4美分/Kwh，预计到2005年风电成本可以降到2.5~3.5美分/kwh。 风力发电装机容量的增长、风电成本的下降都得益于风机技术的发展。近二十年来，由于科学技术的长足发展，促进了风电机组技术的发展。80年代初在风电市场的第一代风电机组，其转子直径为10-llm，单机发电容量只有22-3OKW；到九十年代中期，第六