哈萨克斯坦共和国法律明细
在哈萨克斯坦共和国各银行开立、管理和撤销银行帐户的条例
哈萨克斯坦共和国国家银行管理委员会关于批准《在哈萨克斯坦共和国各银行开立、管理和撤销客户银行帐户规范》的决议2000年6月2日第266号（贯彻了2006年1月24日的更改和补充）根据哈萨克斯坦共和国国家银行管理委员会2006年1月24日第2号决议修改了标题（见老版）。
为规范哈萨克斯坦共和国国家银行的法律行为，使之与现行法律一致，哈萨克斯坦共和国国家银行管理委员会作出以下决议：根据哈萨克斯坦共和国国家银行管理委员会2006年1月24日第2号决议修改了第一条（见老版）。
1.批准后面所附的新版《在哈萨克斯坦共和国各银行开立、管理和撤销银行帐户的条例》，并于在哈萨克斯坦共和国司法部正式注册该规范之日起十日后实施。
根据哈萨克斯坦共和国国家银行管理委员会2006年1月24日第2号决议修改了第二条（见老版）。
2.从本决议生效之日起废止：1）哈萨克斯坦共和国国家银行管理委员会董事会《关于<在二级银行开立、管理和撤销银行帐户的程序>实施细则的决议》，1997年3月4日，第61号；2）哈萨克斯坦共和国国家银行管理委员会《关于批准对<《在二级银行开立、管理和撤销银行帐户的程序》实施细则>的修改和补充的决议》，1998年12月23日，第287号。
依据哈萨克斯坦共和国国家银行管理委员会2006年1月24日第2号决议（见老版）对第3项进行更改：3.司法局（沙立波夫）应：1）采取措施在哈萨克斯坦共和国司法部对本决议进行国家注册；2）于在哈萨克斯坦共和国司法部正式注册本决议之日起十日内把本决议通知到中央机关的有关部门、国家银行各地方分行和二级银行。
4.由哈萨克斯坦共和国国家银行副行长НалибаеваА.З.负责监督本决议的实施。
国家银行行长哈萨克斯坦共和国国家银行管理委员会董事会2000年6月2日第266号决议批准根据哈萨克斯坦共和国国家银行管理委员会2006年1月24日第2号决议修改了标题。
在哈萨克斯坦共和国各银行开立、管理和撤销银行帐户的条例第一章总则根据哈萨克斯坦共和国国家银行管理委员会2003年3月21日第90号决议、2006年1月24日第2号决议修改了第一条。
中华人民共和国和哈萨克斯坦共和国引渡条约
中华人民共和国和哈萨克斯坦共和国引渡条约文章属性•【缔约国】哈萨克斯坦•【条约领域】刑事•【公布日期】1996.07.05•【条约类别】条约•【签订地点】阿拉木图正文中华人民共和国和哈萨克斯坦共和国引渡条约*(注*：该条约于1998年2月10日生效)中华人民共和国和哈萨克斯坦共和国（以下简称“缔约双方”），在尊重主权和平等互利的基础上，为加强两国在打击犯罪方面的合作，达成协议如下：第一条引渡义务缔约双方有义务根据本条约的规定，经请求相互引渡在本国境内的人员，以便追究其刑事责任或者执行发生法律效力的刑事判决。
第二条可引渡的犯罪一、本条约所称“可引渡的犯罪”，系指根据缔约双方法律均构成犯罪并可处以下刑罚的犯罪：（一）依照中华人民共和国法律，可处至少一年有期徒刑或者更重刑罚；（二）依照哈萨克斯坦共和国法律，可处至少一年剥夺自由的刑罚或者其他更重刑罚。
二、如果被请求引渡人因任何可引渡的犯罪已由提出请求的缔约一方法院处以本条第一款规定的刑罚，只有在尚未执行的刑期至少为六个月时，方可予以引渡，以便执行判决。
三、在决定引渡及确定某一行为根据缔约双方法律是否均构成犯罪时，不受该行为所属的犯罪种类和罪名的影响。
四、如果引渡某人的请求涉及数项行为，每项行为根据缔约双方法律均应处以刑罚，但其中有些行为不符合本条第一、二款规定的条件，在该人至少因一项可引渡的犯罪而被允许引渡时，被请求的缔约一方也可因这些行为允许引渡该人。
第三条应当拒绝引渡的情形有下列情形之一的，不予引渡：（一）被请求引渡人系被请求的缔约一方的国民；（二）被请求的缔约一方已根据本国法律给予被请求引渡人以受庇护权；（三）被请求的缔约一方有充分理由认为提出请求的缔约一方提出的引渡请求旨在对被请求引渡人因其种族、宗教信仰、国籍、政治见解等原因而提起刑事诉讼或者执行刑罚，或者被请求引渡人在司法程序中的地位将会因上述原因受到损害；（四）根据提出请求的缔约一方法律，引渡请求所涉及的犯罪纯属军事犯罪；（五）在收到引渡请求时，根据被请求的缔约一方的法律，由于时效或者其他法律理由不能提起刑事诉讼或者执行刑罚；（六）在收到引渡请求前，被请求的缔约一方主管机关已对被请求引渡人就同一犯罪作出发生法律效力的判决或者诉讼程序已经终止；（七）根据缔约一方的法律，属于受害人告诉才受理的刑事案件。
哈萨克斯坦法律诉讼程序(2篇)
第1篇一、引言哈萨克斯坦作为中亚地区的重要国家，其法律体系深受俄罗斯法律体系的影响。
哈萨克斯坦的法律诉讼程序具有其独特的特点，本文将从哈萨克斯坦法律诉讼程序的基本原则、诉讼类型、诉讼阶段、诉讼主体等方面进行详细阐述。
二、哈萨克斯坦法律诉讼程序的基本原则1. 法律面前人人平等原则哈萨克斯坦法律诉讼程序遵循法律面前人人平等的原则，无论诉讼主体的身份、地位如何，都应受到平等的对待。
2. 程序公正原则哈萨克斯坦法律诉讼程序强调程序公正，保障诉讼双方在诉讼过程中的合法权益。
3. 证据原则哈萨克斯坦法律诉讼程序坚持证据原则，要求诉讼双方提供充分、确凿的证据支持自己的主张。
4. 法院独立原则哈萨克斯坦法律诉讼程序保障法院的独立性，确保法院依法独立行使审判权。
三、哈萨克斯坦诉讼类型1. 民事诉讼哈萨克斯坦民事诉讼是指当事人因民事权益纠纷，向法院提起诉讼，请求法院依法保护自己的合法权益。
2. 刑事诉讼哈萨克斯坦刑事诉讼是指当事人因涉嫌犯罪，向法院提起诉讼，请求法院依法追究犯罪嫌疑人的刑事责任。
3. 行政诉讼哈萨克斯坦行政诉讼是指当事人因行政机关的具体行政行为侵犯其合法权益，向法院提起诉讼，请求法院依法撤销或变更该行政行为的诉讼。
4. 国际诉讼哈萨克斯坦国际诉讼是指涉及哈萨克斯坦与其他国家之间的法律纠纷，由哈萨克斯坦法院或国际法院依法审理的诉讼。
四、哈萨克斯坦诉讼阶段1. 起诉阶段起诉阶段是指当事人向法院提交起诉状，请求法院受理案件的阶段。
起诉状应载明诉讼请求、事实和理由。
2. 审理阶段审理阶段是指法院对案件进行审理，依法查明案件事实、适用法律、作出判决的阶段。
3. 执行阶段执行阶段是指法院依法对判决、裁定等法律文书进行执行，实现当事人合法权益的阶段。
五、哈萨克斯坦诉讼主体1. 当事人当事人是指因民事、行政、刑事诉讼而涉及权益纠纷，向法院提起诉讼或被起诉的人。
2. 法院法院是哈萨克斯坦法律诉讼程序的主持者和裁判者，依法对案件进行审理和判决。
哈萨克斯坦关于《地下资源及其开采利用》的总统令
哈萨克斯坦关于《地下资源及其开采利用》的总统令第1章总则1.基本术语和定义:①安全利用地下资源指:进行地下资源开采作业时,在技术、生态及卫生防疫等方面有安全保障措施。
②国家对地下资源的地质研究指:监测考察地下资源状况,采矿作业区及国家部分地区和全国的地质构造工作,以确定地下资源的远景储量,绘制开发利用地下资源的国家地质矿产图。
③采掘〈开采〉指:将矿藏从地下开采到地面以及从技术成因的无机生成物中提取有用成分的工作,包括一切技术工艺作业直到矿物原料的加工。
④具有商业价值的发现指:在合同规定的区域内,发现一个或几个具有经济开采价值的矿源。
⑤主管机构指:负责签订与执行合同的权力机关。
⑥合同指:为实施开发利用地矿资源作业,由采矿业主(承包方)与主管机构之间签订的契约。
⑦合同规定的区域指:根据许可证的划分,用于实施地下资源开采利用作业的区域,其地域是按照地理坐标或其他坐标界定的。
⑧许可证持有人指：拥有矿藏开采许可证的业主。
⑨许可证指:由发放许可证的单位发给的,以证明拥有根据合同规定的时间,在合同规定的区域内进行矿藏开采权力的批准书。
⑩发放许可证机关指:主管发放许可证的执行机构。
（11）矿产地指:有用矿物自然聚集仓储的地方。
（12）矿物原料指:从地下挖掘到地上的,含有用成份的矿石(岩石,矿石原料及其它)。
（13）合同范本指:经哈政府确认的合同样本,该样本应体现个别(专业)合同的特征或反映采矿业中某些作业的特殊性,它是制定正式合同的模式。
（14）采矿业主(承包方)指:遵照本命令获得实施开发利用地下资源作业权力的公民或法人。
（15）地下资源指:地壳的一部分,位于土壤表层以下,在没有土层的地方,位于地表和湖泊(水库)底部以下。
（16）常用矿产指：用于满足地方生产;经营的需求,在自然状态下或稍需加工清理便可直接用于生产的矿物。
（17）地下资源开采(利用)作业指:国家对地下资源的地质研究、勘探和采掘的工作,包括对地下水,泥疗资源的勘察与开采,与排除污水相关的地层勘察和与开采业无关的建设,使用地下设施的业务。
哈萨克斯坦FIDIC合同法律特点及问题分析
哈萨克斯坦FIDIC合同法律特点及问题分析作者：陈泽来源：《现代企业》2021年第12期签订施工合同的传统形式是通过客户与承包商之间签订工作合同来实现的，这种形式可能会带来与控制资金分配和建设进度相关的困难和风险。
然而目前，传统的建筑合同在哈萨克斯坦正被国际惯例所采用的形式所取代，国际建筑行业使用的合同总称是EPC（Engineering，Procurement， Construction），其中最常见的EPC形式是JCT、ICE和FIDIC等合同形式。
在哈萨克斯坦，最常见的建筑合同形式是FIDIC，这是因为FIDIC形式是通用的，可用于任何国家的法律体系。
此外，这些合同形式也广泛应用于国际层面。
但是，尽管分布广泛，FIDIC合同形式仍然需要根据哈萨克斯坦的相关立法进行调整。
一、哈萨克斯坦适用FIDIC合同的特点和问题所谓的FIDIC首先是国际咨询工程师联合会组织的简称，该联合会成立于1913年，目前从事标准合同条款的制定。
标准合同是促进国家法律法规趋向相同化的统一规则，标准合同条款结合了各种法律体系国际投资建设关系的特点，其在国际社会的广泛适用有助于国际建设合同的统一和规范。
（一）哈萨克斯坦适用FIDIC合同的特点FIDIC合同在哈萨克斯坦的适用表现出许多特征，对于这些特征必须加以考虑，以便采取适当的方式来尽可能的实现使用此类合同的积极效果。
FIDIC合同在哈萨克斯坦的适用中表现出的这些特征与哈萨克斯坦的国内立法体系的特殊性有关，而另一些则与哈萨克斯坦相关的法律实践以及监管框架尚未完善的事实有关。
1.对合理性、可接受性和有效性等概念的运用。
FIDIC合同包含大量对“合理性”和“可接受性”等术语的运用。
在分析这些合同时，人们经常可以看到承包商必须“作为一名合理的承包商，考虑到客户的最大利益”，客户必须“表现出合理的行为”等的规范表述。
此类规范存在的原因是通过适用于任何标准合同形式的一套商业惯例来解释的。
哈萨克斯坦民法典总则
Источник: ИС ПАРАГРАФ, 25.06.2009 11:30:08 THE CIVIL CODE OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTANTHE GENERAL PARTTHE 27th DECEMBER 1994Almaty 1994(the document has been amended by the 2.03.01)as amended by:1) Edict No. 2447 Having the Force of A Law of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Concerning the Introduction of Amendments and Additions to Certain Legislative Acts. August 31, 1995 (Article 3);2) Edict No. 2489 Having the Force of A Law of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Concerning the Introduction of Amendments and Additions to Certain Legislative Acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan and Edict Having the Force of Law of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan "Concerning the State Registration of Legal Entities". October 5, 1995 (Articles: 106, 107, 109);3) Edict No. 2835 Having the Force of A Law of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Concerning the Introduction of An Addendum to the Civil Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan. (GENERAL PART). January 27, 1996;4) Law No. 30 - I of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Concerning the Introduction of Amendments and Additions to Certain Legislative Acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan. July 15, 1996 (Articles: 38, 41, 42, 43, 50, 59, 62, 77, 93);5) Law No. 50-I of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Concerning the Introduction of Amendments and Additions to Certain Legislative Acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan. December 7, 1996 (Article 86);(6) Law No. 68 of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Concerning the Recognition as Invalid of the Edict of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Having the Force of a Law "Concerning Bankruptcy" and Introduction of Amendments and Additions to Certain Legislative Acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan. January 21, 1997. (Articles: 49, 51, 52, 53, and 54);(7) Law No. 80 of 5th March 1997 of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Concerning the Introduction of An Addition and Amendments to the Civil Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan (General Part). (Articles: 129, and 135).(8) Law of No. 132 19th June 1997 of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Concerning the Introduction of Amendments and Additions to Certain Legislative Acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan. (Article 41).(9) Law of No. 134 19th June 1997 of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Concerning the Introduction of Amendments and Additions to Certain Legislative Act of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Effective from the 1st of July 1997. (Articles 45, 49, 85, 182);(10) Law No. 144 of 2nd July 1997 of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Concerning the Introduction of Amendments and Additions to Certain Legislative Acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan. (Articles 19, 21);(11) Law No. 154 of 11th July 1997 of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Concerning the Introduction of Amendments and Additions to Certain Legislative Acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan Concerning Issues of Banking Activity. (Articles: 2, 10, 34, 41, 42, 44, 50, 55, 58, 59, 61, 64, 65, 67, 69, 71, 73, 74, 77, 78, 79, 80, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 94, 95, 97, 98, 99, 106, 107, 130, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 144, 187, 199, 200, 207, 282, 291, 301, 302, 303, SYMBOL 167 \f "Times New Roman CE" 4 of Chapter 18 (Articles 329-336), Articles: 341, 353, 366, 387);(12) Law No. 211 of 2nd March 1998 of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Concerning the Introduction of Amendments and Additions to the Civil Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan (General Part), and to the Decree of the Supreme Soviet of the Republic of Kazakhstan "Concerning the Implementation of the Civil Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan (General Part)". (Articles 3, 21, 34, 35, 37, 38, 39, 41, 42, 44, 48, 49, 50, 56, 58, 59, 60, 61, 64, 70, 72, 73, 74, 77, 78, 79, 80, 82, 83, 85, 86, 87, 90, 91, 92, 96, 97, 98, 100, 102, 103, 106, 108, 109, 110, 117, 118, 119, 125, 132, 141,152, 155, 156, 159, 162, 182, 188, 191, 192, 193, 195, 196, 200, 202, 207, 209, 221, 223, 227, 228, 230, 231, 233, 240, 243, 251, 253, 261, 269, 281, 287, 291, 293, 299, 301, 311, 325, 328, 339, 344, 348, 350, 354, 357, 358, 364, 368, 370, 372, 390, 401, 403, 404,);(13) Law No. 221 of 22nd April 1998 of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Concerning the Introduction of Amendments and Additions to Certain Legislative Acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan. (Article 41, 60, 77, 79, 81, 84);Amendments to the Civil Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan (General Part). (Article 52, 53, and 55);(15) Law No. 282 of 10th July 1998 of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Concerning the Introduction of Amendments and Additions to Certain Legislative Acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan Concerning Issues of Joint-Stock Companies. (Article 34, 41, 42, 50, 58, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 94, 95, 130, 136, 139);(16) Law No. 283 of 10th July 1998 of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Concerning the Introduction of Amendments and Additions to Certain Legislative Acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan. (Article 10);(17) Law No. 320 of 16th December 1998 of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Concerning the Introduction of Amendments and Additions to Certain Legislative Acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan Concerning Issues of the State-Owned Legal Entities (Articles 34, 35, 44, 50, 104, 105 replaced, 202, 204, 205, 206, 207 replaced) effective from the 1st of January 1999;(18) Law No. 436 of 16th July 1999 of the Republic of Kazakhstan "Concerning the Introduction of Amendments and Additions to Certain Legislative Acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan" (Article: 62, 77, 107, 282). Published on the 3rd August 1999;(19) Law No. 440 of 16th July 1999 of the Republic of Kazakhstan Concerning the Introduction of Amendments and Additions to Certain Legislative Acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan Concerning Issues of Taxation. (Article 38). Effective from the date of publication;(20) Law No. 472 of 4th November 1999 of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Concerning the Introduction of Amendments and Additions to Certain Legislative Acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan Concerning Issues of Functioning of Public Enterprises. (Articles 44 and 192). Effective from 1st January 2000;(21) Law No. 96 of 8th November 2000 of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Concerning the Introduction of Amendments and Additions to Certain Legislative Acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan Concerning Issues of Appraisal of Property. (Article 319);(22) Law No. 128 of 18th December 2000 of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Concerning the Introduction of Amendments and Additions to Certain Legislative Acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan Concerning Issues of Insurance and Insurance Activities. (Article 45, 49, 86, 306). Effective from 23rd December 2000;(23) Law No. 141 of 15th January 2001 of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Concerning the Introduction of Amendments and Additions to Certain Legislative Acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan Concerning Issues of Grain Procurement Enterprises. (Article 3) Effective from 23rd January 2001; and(24) Law No. 162 of 2nd March 2001 of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Concerning the Introduction of Amendments and Additions To Certain Legislative Acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan Concerning Issues of the Banking Activity. (Article 192, 206, 328, 331). Effective from 12th March 2001.SECTION I. GENERAL PROVISIONSChapter 1. Regulation of Civil Rights RelationsArticle 1. Relations Regulated by Civil Legislation1. Civil legislation shall regulate commodity-money relations and other property relations based on the equality of the participants, and also personal non-property relations which are associated with property relations. Citizens, legal entities, state, and also administrative and territorial units shall be participants of the relations regulated by civil legislation.2. Personal non-property relations not associated with property relations, shall be regulated by civil legislation, unless it is otherwise provided for by legislative acts or ensues from the essence of a personal property relation.3. Civil legislation shall apply to family relations, labour relations and relations associated with the use of natural resources and the protection of the environment, which meet the requirements of paragraph 1 of this Article, in the cases where those relations are not regulated respectively by legislation concerning family, labour, use of the natural resources and protection of the environment.4. Civil legislation shall not apply to property relations which are based on the administrative or any other power subordination of one party by the other, including tax and other budget relations, except for the cases provided for by legislative acts.Article 2. The Fundamental Principles of Civil Legislationof Amendments and Additions to Certain Legislative Acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan Concerning Issues of Banking Activity.1. Civil legislation is based on the recognition of the equality of the participants of the relations regulated thereby, inviolability of property, freedom of agreement, prohibition of arbitrary interference in somebody's private affairs, indispensability of the free exercise of civil rights, and provision for the restitution of violated rights and their defence in the court.2. Citizens and legal entities shall acquire and exercise their civil rights by their will and in their interests. They shall be free in establishing their rights and obligations on the basis of agreements and in specifying any conditions in their agreements, which do not contradict legislation.3. Goods, services and monetary resources funds shall be unrestrictedly transferred and circulated in the entire territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Restrictions in the circulation of goods and services shall be introduced in accordance with legislative acts, where it is necessary for ensuring safety, protection of life and health of people, protection of the natural environment and valuable cultural assets.Article 3. Civil Legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstanas amended by (1) Edict No. 2447 Having the Force of Law of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Concerning the Introduction of Amendments and Additions to Certain Legislative Acts. August 31, 1995;(12) Law of No. 211 of 2nd March 1998 of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Concerning the Introduction of Amendments and Additions to the Civil Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan (General Part), and to the Decree of the Supreme Soviet of the Republic of Kazakhstan "Concerning the Implementation of the Civil Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan (General Part)"; and(23) Law No. 141 of 15th January 2001 of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Concerning the Introduction of Amendments and Additions to Certain Legislative Acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan Concerning Issues of Grain Procurement Enterprises.1. The civil legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan shall consist of the present Code, laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan adopted in accordance with it, other laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan, edicts of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan having the force of laws, decrees of the Parliament, and decrees of the Senate and Majilis (legislative acts), as well as edicts of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, decrees of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan which regulate relations indicated in paragraphs 1 and 2 of Article 1 of the present Code.2. In case of a contradiction between the provisions of civil law which are contained in the acts of legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan, except for those indicated in paragraph 3 of Article 1 of the present Code, and the provisions of the present Code, then the provisions of this Code shall apply. Provisions of civil law containing in legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan which are contradictory to the provisions of the present Code, may apply only after the introduction into the Code of the appropriate amendments.3. The relations associated with the formation, reorganisation, bankruptcy and liquidation of banks and grain procurement enterprises, supervision of banking activities and their auditing, supervision of activities of grain procurement enterprises, licensing of certain types of banking transactions performance of transactions in warehouse warrants of grain procurement enterprises, shall be regulated by this Code inasmuch as this does not contradict the legislative acts that regulate the banking business and activities of grain procurement enterprises.Relations between banks and their clients, as well as relations between clients through banks, shall be regulated by civil legislation in accordance with the procedure established in paragraph 2 of this Article.4. Civil relations may be regulated by tradition, including the tradition of business operation, unless those contradict the civil legislation which is effective in the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan.5. Ministries and other central executive bodies, local representative and executive bodies, may issue acts which regulate civil relations, in the cases and within the limits provided for by the present Code, and by other acts of civil legislation.6. The rights of the citizens and legal entities which are established by the present Code and any other legislative acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan may not be restricted by the acts of the bodies of thestate administration and local representative and executive bodies. Such acts shall be invalid from the moment of their adoption and must not be applicable.7. Foreign individuals and legal entities and also stateless persons shall have the right to acquire the same rights and they shall be obliged to fulfil the same obligations which are provided for by civil legislation for the citizens and legal entities of the Republic of Kazakhstan, unless legislative acts stipulate otherwise.8. When an international treaty, to which the Republic of Kazakhstan is a signatory, establishes different rules than those contained in the civil legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the rules of the indicated treaty shall apply. The international treaties to which the Republic of Kazakhstan is a signatory, shall apply to civil relations directly, except for the cases where it ensues from a treaty that its application requires the issuing of a domestic act of the Republic.Article 4. The Effect of Civil Legislation in Time1. Civil legislation acts shall not have retroactive force and they shall apply to relations which arise after their entering into force. The legal force of a civil legislation act shall apply to relations which arose prior to its enactment in the cases where it is directly provided for by it.2. With regard to relations which arose prior to the entering into force of a civil legislation act, it shall apply to the rights and obligations which arise after its entering into force. Relations of parties to an agreement concluded prior to the enactment of civil legislation act shall be regulated in accordance with Article 383 of this Code.Article 5. Application of Civil Legislation by Analogy1. In the cases where the relations provided for by paragraph 1 and 2 of Article 1 of this Code are not regulated directly by legislation or an agreement of the parties and tradition applicable to such relations does not exist, those provisions of civil legislation shall apply, which regulate similar relations (analogy of a law), unless this contradicts their essence.2. When it is impossible in the indicated cases to use the analogies of law, the rights and obligations of the parties shall be defined on the basis of the general fundamentals and the spirit of civil legislation as well as the requirements of good faith, reasonableness and fairness (analogy of law).Article 6. Interpretation of Civil Legislation Provisions1. Provisions of civil legislation must be interpreted literally. Where the possibility exists of different understanding of the words used in the text of legislative provisions, preference shall be given to that understanding which is consistent with the provisions of the Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the fundamental principles of civil legislation which are outlined in this Chapter, and first of all in Article2.2. When establishing the precise meaning of a provision in civil legislation, it shall be required to consider the historic conditions under which it was introduced and its interpretation in judicial practice, unless it violates the requirements specified in paragraph 1 of this Article.Article 7. The Foundations for the Emergence ofCivil Rights and ObligationsCivil rights and obligations shall arise on the fundamentals which are specified in legislation and also from actions of citizens and legal entities which, although not specified in it, but by virtue of the general fundamentals and the spirit of civil legislation, give rise to civil rights and obligations.In accordance with this, civil rights and obligations shall arise as follows:1) out of agreements and any other transactions provided for by legislation, and also from transactions which although are not specified in it, do not contradict legislation;2) form the administrative acts which give rise to civil rights consequences by virtue of legislation;3) from court decisions which establish civil rights and obligations;4) as a result of creating or acquiring assets on the bases which are not prohibited by legislative acts;5) as a result of creating inventions, industrial samples, works of science, literature and art and any other results of intellectual activity;6) as a result of causing harm to any other person, and equally as a result of the unfair acquisition or saving of assets at the expense of another person (unfair enrichment);7) as a result of any other acts of citizens and legal entities;8) as a result of events to which legislation conditions the emergence of civil rights.Article 8. The Exercise of Civil Rights1. Citizens and legal entities at their discretion shall exercise civil rights which belong to them, including the right to their protection.2. The refusal of citizens and legal entities to exercise their rights shall not entail the cessation of those rights, except for the cases which are provided for by legislative acts.3. The exercise of civil rights must not violate the rights and the interests of any other subjects under legislation, and it must not do any harm to the environment.4. Citizens and legal entities must act in good faith, reasonably and fairly when exercising their rights, and comply with the requirements which are contained in legislation, with the moral principles of the society, while entrepreneurs must also comply with business ethics rules. This obligation may not be excluded or restricted by any agreement. The good faith, reasonableness and fairness of the acts of participants in civil rights relations shall be presumed.5. Acts of citizens and legal entities which aim to cause harm to any other person, at the abuse of rights in any other form and also at an exercise of a right in contradiction to its intention. In the case of a failure to comply with the requirements specified in paragraphs 3 to 5 of this Article the court may deny a person the protection of his right.Article 9. Protection of Civil Rights1. The protection of civil rights shall be exercised by the court, arbitration tribunal or the judgement of third party by way of: recognition of rights; restitution of the position which existed prior to the violation of the right; putting an end to behaviour which violates the right or create the threat of its violation; awarding the execution of an obligation in kind; compensation of losses; damages; recognition of the transaction as invalid; compensation of moral losses; termination or alteration of legal relations; the recognition as invalid or void of an act which does not comply with legislation of a body of the state administration or of a local representative or executive body; imposition of a fine on the state body or official for impeding a citizen or a legal entity to acquire or exercise a right, and also in the other manner as provided for by legislative acts.2. The appeal for protection of a violated right to a body of power or administration shall not prevent an appeal to the court with an action to protect a right, unless legislative acts specify otherwise.3. In the cases which are specifically provided for in legislative acts, the protection of civil rights shall be carried out directly by actual or legal acts of the person whose right is violated (self-defence).4. The person whose right is violated may require the entire restitution of the losses inflicted on him, unless legislative acts or the agreement do not stipulate otherwise. The expenditure shall be understood to mean losses, which are incurred or must be incurred by the person whose right is violated, the loss or the damage to his property (real damage) and also lost profit which this person would have received under the normal conditions of the turnover, should his right have not been violated (lost profits).5. The losses which are inflicted upon a citizen or a legal entity as a result of issuing by a governmental body of an act which does not comply with legislation, or by any other state body, and also by acts (failure to act) of the officials of those bodies, shall be subject to compensation by the Republic of Kazakhstan or by the relevant administrative and territorial unit.6. When emergence of the legal consequences of a violation is related to the guilt of the violator his guilt shall be presumed, except for the cases where legislative acts stipulate otherwise.Article 10. The Protection of the Rights ofEntrepreneurs and Consumersas amended by (3) Edict No. 2835 Having the Force of Law of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Concerning the Introduction of An Addendum to the Civil Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan. (GENERAL PART). January 27, 1996];(11) Law of 11th July 1997 of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Concerning the Introduction of Amendments and Additions to Certain Legislative Acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan Concerning Issues of Banking Activity; and(16) Law No. 283 of 10th July 1998 of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Concerning the Introduction of Amendments and Additions to Certain Legislative Acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan.1. Entrepreneurship is the activity of citizens and legal entities, taken on the initiative, irrespective of the form of ownership, which is aimed at the earning of profits or personal net income by way of satisfying the demand for goods (work, services) which is based on the private property (private entrepreneurship) or under the right to business authority of a state-owned enterprise (state entrepreneurship). Entrepreneurial activity shall be carried out on behalf of, under the risk, and under the property liability of the entrepreneur.2. The state shall guarantee the freedom of entrepreneurial activities and it shall ensure its protection and support.3. The rights of entrepreneurs who carry out the activities which are not prohibited by legislation shall be protected as follows:1) by the possibility to carry out entrepreneurial activities without obtaining anyone's permission, except for the types of activity which are subject to licensing;2) by a simple procedure for the registration of any type of entrepreneurship in any sphere of the economy by one registering authority by way of a arrival;3) by restricting, through legislative acts, those audits which are carried out by the state bodies;4) by a compulsory termination of entrepreneurial activities based only upon the decision of the court of law, which is passed on the basis provided for by legislative acts;5) by establishing through legislative acts of the lists of operations and types of goods and services which are prohibited for private entrepreneurship, or restricted for export and import;6) by holding the state bodies, officials and any other persons and organisations responsible for loss to the entrepreneurs and for illegal impediments to their activities;6-1) by prohibiting to executive, supervisory and monitoring bodies, to enter into contractual relations with entrepreneurial entities for the matter of performing the obligations which are the function of those bodies.7) by any other means provided for by legislation.4. The manufacture and sale of certain types of goods, work and services, because of considerations of national security; ensuring law and order; protection of the environment; property and lives and health of citizens must be carried out in accordance with the State licences. The list of such goods, work and services shall be defined by legislative acts or in accordance with the procedure established by them.5. A commercial (entrepreneurial) secret shall be protected by law. The procedure for identifying the information which constitutes a commercial secret, the methods of its protection and also the list of information which must not be included among commercial secrets shall be established by legislation.6. The protection of the rights of consumers shall be ensured by the means which are envisaged by this Code or any other legislative acts. In particular, each consumer shall have the right: to freely enter agreements to purchase goods and to use work and services; to proper quality and safety of goods (work, services);to full and reliable information on goods (work, services); and the right to join public associations of consumers.Article 11. Prohibition of Abusing the Freedomof Entrepreneurship1. Monopolistic activities and any other activities aimed at restricting or eliminating legal competition or the extraction of unreasonable advantages by the restriction of rights and legitimate interests of consumers, shall not be allowed.2. Except for the cases provided for by legislative acts, the use by entrepreneurs of civil rights for the purpose of restricting competition, shall not be allowed, in particular:1) the abuse by entrepreneurs of their dominant position in the market to restrict or terminate the production or reserve from circulation of any goods in order to create shortages or increase the prices;2) entering into and implementing by persons who carry out similar entrepreneurial activities of agreements concerning prices, subdivision of markets, elimination of any other entrepreneurs or any other conditions which materially restrict competition;3) commission of unfair acts which are aimed at restriction of the legitimate interests of a person who performs similar entrepreneurial activities and of consumers (unfair competition), in particular, the misleading of consumers with regard to the manufacturer, designation, method and place of manufacture, quality or any other properties of goods of other entrepreneurs, by way of unfair comparison of goods in advertising and in any other information, copying external design of somebody else's goods and by any other methods. The remedies to control unfair competition shall be established by legislative acts.Chapter 2. Entities in Civil Rights§ 1. Citizens of the Republic ofKazakhstan and Other Physical PersonsArticle 12. The Definition of a Physical PersonCitizens of the Republic of Kazakhstan, citizens of other states, as well as stateless persons shall be understood to be physical persons. The provisions of this chapter shall apply to any physical persons, unless it is otherwise established by this Code.Article 13. The Legal Capacity of Citizens1. The capacity to have civil rights and bear obligations (civil rights capacity) shall be recognised as equal in all citizens.2. The legal capacity of a citizen shall arise at the moment of his birth and it shall cease with his demise.Article 14. The Principal Contents of the Legal Capacity of aCitizenA citizen may have, under his right of ownership , properties including foreign currency, both within the boundaries of the Republic of Kazakhstan and beyond its boundaries; inherit and bequest property; move freely in the territory of the Republic and select the place of residence; freely leave the boundaries of the Republic and return to its territory; engage in any activities which are not prohibited by legislative acts; create legal entities independently or with other citizens and legal entities, enter into any transactions which are not prohibited by legislative acts and participate in obligations; have the right to intellectual property with regard to inventions, works of science, literature and art and any other results of intellectual activity; claim the compensation for financial and moral damage; have any other property rights and personal rights.Article 15. The Name of a Citizen1. A citizen shall acquire and exercise the rights and obligations under his name including the surname and the proper name and at his discretion - the patronymic name.2. Legislation may provide for cases of anonymous acquisition by citizens of the rights and execution of obligations, or the use of a pen name (fictitious name).3. The name which is received by a citizen at his birth and also the change of the name shall be subject to registration in accordance with the procedure established by legislation concerning the registration of civil status acts.4. A citizen shall have the right to change his name in accordance with the procedure established by legislative acts. The change of name shall not be the basis for the cessation or alteration of his rights and obligations which are acquired under the former name, anonymously or under a pseudonym.5. A citizen shall be obliged to take appropriate steps to notify his debtors and creditors of a change of his name and he shall bear the risk associated with the consequences which are caused by those persons' unawareness of the change of his name.6. A citizen who has changed his name shall have the right to require the introduction of the appropriate amendments into the documents formulated for his former name.。
哈萨克斯坦
哈萨克斯坦第一部分国情概况一、基本国情介绍国名全称：哈萨克斯坦共和国首都：阿斯塔纳地理位置：位于亚洲中部，西濒里海（海岸线长1730公里），北邻俄罗斯，东连中国，南与乌兹别克斯坦、土库曼斯坦、吉尔吉斯斯坦接壤。
国土面积：272.49万平方公里，居世界第9位，为世界最大内陆国。
人口总数：1703万（2013年6月）国内生产总值：927.7667329亿美元（2013年6月）人均生产总值：12021美元（2012年）货币名称：哈萨克坚戈（KZT）汇率：1美元(USD) = 150.9 哈萨克斯坦坚戈(KZT)（2013年6月）民族：哈萨克族占65%，俄罗斯族占22%，还有乌兹别克、乌克兰、白俄罗斯、德意志、鞑靼、维吾尔、朝鲜、塔吉克等民族。
官方语言：哈萨克语为国语，和俄罗斯语同为官方语言。
主要宗教：主要有伊斯兰教（71.2%）、东正教（25.17%）、犹太教（0.03%）等。
四季气候：哈萨克斯坦位于北温带，为典型的大陆性气候，夏热冬寒，一月平均气温-19℃～4℃,7月平均气温19℃～26℃。
二、政治环境（一）政治制度哈萨克斯坦为总统制共和国，独立以来实行渐进式民主政治改革。
总统为国家元首，任期7年。
国家政权以宪法和法律为基础，根据立法、司法、行政三权既分立又相互作用和制衡的原则行使职能。
（二）主要党派哈独立后实行多党制。
截至2009年7月，哈司法部共登记有10个政党，其中主要有：哈萨克斯坦“祖国之光”人民民主党、哈社会民主党、哈“光明道路”民主党、哈爱国者党、哈共产党、哈“农村”社会民主党、精神复兴党、哈“阿基利特”民主党、哈“真正光明道路党”。
（三）外交关系哈萨克斯坦将自己定位为“有实力的重要地区大国”，奉行以巩固独立和主权为中心的“全方位务实平衡”外交，重点是俄罗斯、美国、中国、欧盟和中亚国家。
俄罗斯是哈外交的首要方向，哈与俄罗斯的关系被置于最优先的地位，是“战略性的”和“最主要的”关系；哈与中国关系很好，高层互访频繁；独联体是哈外交的优先方向；美国是哈多元平衡外交的重要方向；哈也积极发展与欧洲国家的合作，旨在全面提升哈欧关系；哈与伊斯兰国家外交继续保持活跃势头，积极参与伊斯兰世界的各种活动，推动伊斯兰和西方国家的文明对话。
中华人民共和国政府和哈萨克斯坦共和国政府关于打击犯罪的合作协议
中华人民共和国政府和哈萨克斯坦共和国政府关于打击犯罪的合作协议文章属性•【缔约国】哈萨克斯坦•【条约领域】刑事•【公布日期】2005.05.19•【条约类别】协定•【签订地点】阿斯塔纳正文中华人民共和国政府和哈萨克斯坦共和国政府关于打击犯罪的合作协议中华人民共和国政府和哈萨克斯坦共和国政府（以下简称“双方”），对犯罪特别是有组织犯罪的发展范围和趋势表示忧虑，为加深相互理解，加强执法部门间在打击犯罪方面的业务联系和有效合作，在相互尊重主权和平等互利的基础上，达成协议如下：第一条双方根据各自国家的法律和双方共同参加的打击犯罪领域的国际条约，在职权范围内，在打击下述犯罪活动方面相互进行合作：（一）恐怖主义、分裂主义、极端主义；（二）跨国有组织犯罪；（三）非法制造和贩运麻醉药品、精神药物及易制毒化学品和前体；（四）非法贩运武器、弹药、爆炸物和爆炸装置；（五）非法移民；（六）经济犯罪；（七）侵犯人身权利的犯罪；（八）侵犯财产犯罪；（九）高科技犯罪；（十）非法移动或破坏界碑、界桩犯罪；（十一）其他领域的犯罪。
第二条本协议的双方主管机关是：在中华人民共和国方面为：公安部（以下简称“中央主管机关”）及边境地区的公安机关，在哈萨克斯坦共和国方面为：总检察院、内务部、国家安全委员会、打击经济和贪污犯罪署（财政警察）、财政部海关监管委员会（以下简称“中央主管机关”）及边境地区的分支机构。
第三条一、为履行本协议，双方主管机关有权直接联络。
二、本协议生效三十天后，中央主管机关通过外交途径相互提交有权直接联络的主管机关部门的名称及其职能、联络方式。
三、如主管机关发生变化，一方应通过外交途径书面通知另一方。
四、主管机关名单及其变更通知是本协议不可分割的一部分。
第四条一、双方主管机关在执行打击犯罪任务时相互提供必要的、力所能及的协助。
二、根据本协议，一方主管机关在必要时并征得被请求方主管机关同意后，可以派工作人员到另一方境内获取、提供咨询或进行其他方面的协助，但不得携带武器。
哈萨克斯坦共和国计核算标准
哈萨克斯坦共和国计核算标准哈萨克斯坦共和国会计核算委员会于 1996年11月13日批准生效第3号命令一、合资经营活动中入股资金在财务报表中的反映目的和适用范围1、此标准适用于从事合资经营活动的法人，不论其组织形成和所有权如何，参与方要将自己的人股资金、资产、债务、经营中的支出和收入反映在财务报表中。
定义2、合资经营--双方或多方为了达到共同的经营目的所进行的共同经营活动。
此活动可通过生产、资产、法人的共同监督形式进行。
3、监督--为使经营活动获得效益，有权决定与经营活动有关的财政和经济政策。
4、共同监督--在平等的条件下按合同对经营活动实施协同监督。
5、重大影响--不能对经营活动进行监督或共同监督时，有权参与决定与经营活动有关的财政和其他政策。
6、合资经营的参加者--参加合资经营活动并实施共同监督的任一方。
7、合资经营的投资者--不承担共同的合资经营的某一方。
8、百分比整理法--利用此种统计方法参加者的入股资金按每项资产、债务、收入支出分项按行与类似科目全并或单列入参与者的财务报表中。
合资经营活动中入股资金在财务报表中的反映共同监督的产生：9、共同进行监督的参加者应在自己单列的财务报表或整理的财务报表中确认下列情况： 1）他所监控的资产和承担的债务情况； 2）他所承担的支出及出售商品或提供与经营活动有关的服务所得收入情况。
共同监督的资产：10、共同监督资产的参加者应在自己单列财务报表或整理的财务报表中标明下列情况：1）按性质分类的资产中自己的控股份额； 2）合资经营活动中自己承担的债务； 3）与合资经营的其他参加者共同承担的债务中自己应付的份额； 4）出售商品的收入情况或自己的产品份额与合资经营应承担的支出份额的使用状况； 5）按合资经营的投入所应分摊的支出。
共同监督的法人： 11、参与共同监督的法人应在自己的单列的财务报告和按百分比整理的财务报表中利用按百分比整理的两种报表之一，反映出自己的入股份额。
中华人民共和国政府和哈萨克斯坦共和国政府关于中哈边境口岸及其管理制度的协定
中华人民共和国政府和哈萨克斯坦共和国政府关于中哈边境口岸及其管理制度的协定文章属性•【缔约国】哈萨克斯坦•【条约领域】边界边境•【公布日期】2012.06.06•【条约类别】协定•【签订地点】北京正文中华人民共和国政府和哈萨克斯坦共和国政府关于中哈边境口岸及其管理制度的协定中华人民共和国政府和哈萨克斯坦共和国政府（以下称双方），为进一步巩固和发展两国友好关系和两国人民的传统友谊，促进两国经济贸易合作，在平等互利原则基础上，达成协议如下：第一条在本协定中，双方使用以下定义：口岸是指位于中哈边界两侧，由两国法定机关实施监管的，用于人员、交通工具、货物、物品和动植物入出境的区域。
双边口岸是指允许中哈两国人员、交通工具、货物、物品和动植物入出境的口岸。
多边（国际）口岸是指允许中哈两国以及第三国（地区）的人员、交通工具、货物、物品和动植物入出境的口岸。
口岸检查部门是指中方的边防检查、海关、检验检疫部门和哈方的边防检查、海关及其他有关部门。
第二条双方确定了中哈边境地区的双边口岸和多边（国际）口岸，其名称、位置和种类在本协定附件中规定。
该附件作为本协定不可分割的组成部分。
第三条设立新的口岸、关闭现有口岸、改变口岸种类或位置，双方应通过外交途径商定并形成单独文件。
该文件作为本协定不可分割的组成部分。
第四条一、口岸在两国下列法定节假日关闭：中方：新年（1月1日）、春节（农历除夕、正月初一、初二）、清明节（农历清明当日）、国际劳动节（5月1日）、端午节（农历五月初五）、中秋节（农历八月十五日）、国庆节（10月1日至3日）。
哈方：新年（1月1日至2日）、国际妇女节（3月8日）、纳乌鲁斯节（3月21日至23日）、哈萨克斯坦人民团结日（5月1日）、祖国保卫者日（5月7日）、胜利日（5月9日）、首都日（7月6日）、哈萨克斯坦共和国宪法日（8月30日）、独立日（12月16日至17日）。
二、公路口岸每周一至周六通关6天。
工作时间为北京时间10：00-14：00，15：00-19：00；阿斯塔纳时间8：00-12：00，13：00-17：00。
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1.哈萨克斯坦共和国宪法
2.哈萨克斯坦共和国民事法典
3.哈萨克斯坦共和国民事诉讼法典
4.哈萨克斯坦共和国刑事法典
5.哈萨克斯坦共和国刑事诉讼法典
6.哈萨克斯坦共和国刑事执行法典
7.哈萨克斯坦共和国税法典
8.哈萨克斯坦共和国劳动法典
9.哈萨克斯坦共和国海关法典
10.哈萨克斯坦共和国水法典
11.哈萨克斯坦共和国家庭和婚姻法典
12.哈萨克斯坦共和国森林法典
13.哈萨克斯坦共和国生态法典
14.哈萨克斯坦共和国空间法典
15.哈萨克斯坦共和国行政责任法典
16.哈萨克斯坦共和国中央银行法
17.哈萨克斯坦共和国银行业法
18.哈萨克斯坦共和国政府法
19.哈萨克斯坦共和国选举法典
20.哈萨克斯坦共和国国家安全法
21.哈萨克斯坦出入境管理法
22.哈萨克斯坦共和国国家公务员法
23.哈萨克斯坦共和国国籍法
24.哈萨克斯坦共和国国语法
25.哈萨克斯坦共和国外国投资法
26.哈萨克斯坦共和国矿藏法
27.哈萨克斯坦共和国石油和天然气法
28.哈萨克斯坦共和国许可法
29.哈萨克斯坦共和国公司法
31.哈萨克斯坦共和国著作权法
32.哈萨克斯坦共和国专利法
33.哈萨克斯坦共和国股份公司法
33.哈萨克斯坦共和国外汇交易法
34.哈萨克斯坦共和国出口监管法
35.哈萨克斯坦共和国国际条约法
36.哈萨克斯坦共和国规范性法律文件法
37.哈萨克斯坦共和国律师法
38.哈萨克斯坦共和国公证法
39.哈萨克斯坦共和国不动产权利及其交易法
40.哈萨克斯坦共和国行政程序法
41.哈萨克斯坦共和国反恐法
42.哈萨克斯坦共和国内务机构法
43.哈萨克斯坦共和国打击极端主义法
44.哈萨克斯坦共和国打击人口贩卖法
45.哈萨克斯坦共和国仲裁法典
46.哈萨克斯坦共和国国际仲裁法
47.哈萨克斯坦共和国预算法典。