The Influence of Stereotypes on Communication between Cultures conflict from the Perspecti
The Origins and Consequences of Cultural Conflict
The Origins and Consequences ofCultural ConflictCultural conflict has become increasingly prevalent in our modern societies. It is a phenomenon that arises when individuals or groups from different cultural backgrounds struggle to understand each other, leading to misunderstandings, tensions, and even violence. The origins of cultural conflict are rooted in history, social structures, and individual identities. Understanding the causes and consequences of cultural conflict is crucial for promoting cultural exchange, tolerance, and peace.Historically, cultural conflict has been shaped by colonialism, imperialism, and globalization. As European powers colonized Africa, Asia, and the Americas, they imposed their language, religion, and way of life on the native populations. They claimed that their culture was superior to others, leading to the marginalization and oppression of indigenous cultures. The legacy of colonialism has left deep scars in many societies, creating a sense of resentment and mistrust towards the former colonizers. Similarly, imperialism and globalization have facilitated the spread of Western culture and values, often at the expense of local cultures. This has contributed to the erosion of cultural diversity and identity, leading to cultural conflict.Social structures also shape cultural conflict. In many societies, cultural differences are tied to social status and power relations. For example, in India, the caste system divides people into different social classes based on their birth. Those at the bottom of the caste hierarchy often face discrimination and marginalization, making it difficult for them to participate fully in society. Similarly, in many countries, religious minorities are often marginalized and excluded from the mainstream culture. This exclusion can lead to resentment and conflict between different groups.Individual identities are also a key factor in cultural conflict. People often identify strongly with their cultural background, language, religion, or ethnicity. This can lead to a sense of pride and belonging, but it can also lead to a sense of superiority or inferioritytowards other cultures. When individuals feel that their culture is under threat or being disrespected, they may react with anger or hostility. Misunderstandings, stereotypes, and prejudices can exacerbate these feelings, creating a cycle of conflict.The consequences of cultural conflict can be far-reaching. In extreme cases, cultural conflict can lead to violence, discrimination, and even genocide. The conflict between the Hutu and Tutsi in Rwanda, for example, was fueled by cultural differences and resulted in the deaths of over 800,000 people. In many other cases, cultural conflict can lead to social and economic inequalities, exclusion, and marginalization. Immigrants, for example, often face cultural conflict as they try to integrate into a new society. If they encounter prejudice or discrimination, they may face challenges obtaining employment, housing, or education.To promote peace and tolerance, it is important to recognize and address cultural conflict. Education and awareness-raising can help combat stereotypes and prejudices, promoting intercultural understanding. Dialogue and communication are also essential, as they can help break down barriers and build trust between different groups. In addition, policies and laws can be put in place to promote diversity and inclusion, ensuring that all members of society have equal opportunities and rights.In conclusion, cultural conflict arises from a complex interplay of historical, social, and individual factors. It can have severe consequences for individuals and societies, leading to violence, discrimination, and inequality. Recognizing and addressing cultural conflict is essential for promoting peace, tolerance, and understanding. Through education, dialogue, and policies, we can build a more inclusive and harmonious world.。
大学英语跨文化交际chapter4 Intercultural Communication Barriers
Most other cultures are backward compared with my culture. My culture should be the role model for other cultures. Other cultures should try to be more like my culture. Most people from other cultures just don’t know what’s good for them. I have little respect for the values and customs of other cultures. Most people would be happier if they lived like people in my culture. People in my culture have just about the best lifestyles of anywhere. Lifestyles in other cultures are not as valid as those in my culture. I do not cooperate with people who are different. I do not trust people who are different. I dislike interacting with people from different cultures. Other cultures are smart to look up to my culture. Other people are much the same as my people. Our way of doing things is the only right way.
跨文化交际导论(英文版)(第二版) Chapter 6 Thought Patterns and Language
synthesis （整体）vs. analysis（分析 ）
Chinese medicine “望闻问切”; Beijing opera “唱念坐打”; Chinese painting English: from small to big, from part to the whole: e.g. second-minute-hour-date-month-year; Nation-province-city-street-house No. receiver; 汉语: 年—月—日—时—分—秒;国家—省—市 —区—路或街—门牌号码. Naming system ; title; Negotiation; 东西； 阴阳;
Questions for Discussion
1. Explain how and why communication, thought pattern and culture are linked. 2. How does Nisbett explain the difference in language learning between East Asians and Westerners? 3. Using examples from Chinese and English to discuss the differences between the Chinese and the Western ways of thinking and their influences in cross-cultural communication.
The subtleties of saying “No”
I have to think about it. Yes, it sounds interesting but there may be some difficulties. I need to check with my superiors. I will do my best, but I cannot promise. This may take time. I am excited but it sounds complicated.
英语作文国际交流中的成见
英语作文国际交流中的成见Title: Biases in International Communication。
In the realm of international communication, biases play a significant role in shaping perceptions, attitudes, and interactions among individuals from different cultural backgrounds. These biases, often rooted in stereotypes, prejudices, and misunderstandings, can hinder effective communication and lead to misinterpretations. Understanding and addressing these biases are essential for fostering genuine intercultural understanding and cooperation.One prevalent bias in international communication is ethnocentrism, the tendency to view one's own culture as superior to others. This bias can manifest in various ways, such as dismissing or devaluing the customs, beliefs, and practices of other cultures. Ethnocentrism often leads to a lack of appreciation for cultural diversity and inhibits the willingness to engage with perspectives different from one's own.Another common bias is cultural stereotypes, which are oversimplified beliefs about a particular group of people based on their cultural background. These stereotypes can be both positive and negative, but they often lead to assumptions about individuals that may not reflect their true identities or experiences. For example, the stereotype that all Asians are good at math or that all Italians are passionate and expressive can influence how individuals from these cultures are perceived and treated in cross-cultural interactions.Language bias is also prevalent in international communication, where individuals may favor their native language or the dominant global language (such as English) over others. This bias can create barriers to effective communication for non-native speakers and perpetuate linguistic inequalities in global discourse. Additionally, the use of language-specific idioms, slang, or cultural references may lead to misunderstandings or miscommunications among speakers of different languages.Furthermore, confirmation bias often influences how individuals interpret information from other cultures. People tend to seek out information that confirms their existing beliefs or stereotypes while disregarding evidence that contradicts them. This bias can reinforce negative perceptions of other cultures and perpetuate misunderstandings, making it challenging to bridge cultural divides and build trust between individuals and groups.Addressing biases in international communication requires a concerted effort to promote cultural awareness, empathy, and open-mindedness. Education plays a crucialrole in challenging stereotypes, fostering intercultural competence, and promoting respectful dialogue across cultures. Encouraging meaningful interactions and exchanges between people from diverse backgrounds can also help break down barriers and promote mutual understanding.In addition, language learning and proficiency can facilitate more effective communication and bridgelinguistic divides in international settings. Embracing multilingualism and supporting language diversity cancreate a more inclusive and equitable environment forcross-cultural communication.Moreover, promoting media literacy and criticalthinking skills can help individuals recognize and challenge biased portrayals of other cultures in the media. By encouraging a more nuanced understanding of cultural diversity and challenging stereotypes, individuals can become more adept at navigating cross-cultural interactions and building meaningful connections with people from different backgrounds.In conclusion, biases in international communication pose significant challenges to effective intercultural understanding and cooperation. By acknowledging and addressing these biases through education, cultural awareness, and empathy, individuals and societies can work towards building a more inclusive and interconnected global community. Only by embracing diversity and fostering genuine dialogue can we overcome biases and build bridges across cultures.。
新探索研究生英语(基础级)视听说教程u5
新探索研究生英语(基础级)视听说教程u5Unit 5: Culture and IdentityIn this unit, we will explore the topic of culture and identity. Culture refers to the customs, beliefs, and practices of a particular group of people, whereas identity refers to the characteristics and qualities that make a person unique. Understanding culture and identity is essential for effective communication and interaction ina diverse society.1. Importance of Culture and IdentityCulture and identity play a significant role in shaping individuals and their interactions with others. They influence how people perceive the world, communicate, and behave. Understanding different cultures and identities promotes tolerance, respect, and empathy, leading to more inclusive and harmonious communities.2. Cultural DiversityCultural diversity refers to the presence of multiple cultures within a society or organization. It encompasses differences in language, religion, customs, traditions, norms, and values. Embracing cultural diversity promotes cultural exchange, cultural acceptance, and a broader perspective in decision-making processes.3. Cultural DimensionsCultural dimensions represent different aspects of culture that vary across societies. Some commonly discussed cultural dimensions include individualism versus collectivism, high-context versus low-context communication, and power distance. Understanding these dimensions helps in effectively navigating interculturalcommunication and building relationships.4. Cultural IdentityCultural identity refers to an individual's sense of belonging to a particular culture or social group. It is shaped by factors such as language, religion, nationality, ethnicity, and family background. Cultural identity provides individuals with a sense of stability, belongingness, and pride in their heritage.5. Challenges of Intercultural CommunicationIntercultural communication refers to communication between people from different cultural backgrounds. It can present challenges due to language barriers, different communication styles, non-verbal cues, and cultural misunderstandings. Developing cultural sensitivity, active listening skills, and adapting communication strategies can help overcome these challenges. 6. Stereotypes and PrejudicesStereotypes are generalized beliefs or assumptions about a particular group of people based on their cultural background. Prejudices are preconceived opinions or attitudes towards individuals or groups based on stereotypes. Stereotypes and prejudices can lead to discrimination and hinder positive intercultural relationships. It is important to challenge and re-examine stereotypes to foster understanding and acceptance.7. Cultural IntelligenceCultural intelligence refers to the ability to adapt and effectively interact with people from different cultural backgrounds. It involves awareness, knowledge, skills, and attitudes necessary forsuccessful cross-cultural communication and understanding. Cultivating cultural intelligence is essential in today's globalized world.8. Cultural ExpressionsCultural expressions encompass art, music, dance, literature, fashion, cuisine, and other forms of creative and symbolic representations. They are a reflection of a society's values, beliefs, and traditions. Appreciating and celebrating cultural expressions contribute to cultural diversity and intercultural understanding.In conclusion, culture and identity are fundamental aspects of human existence. Embracing cultural diversity, understanding cultural dimensions, and developing cultural intelligence are crucial for effective intercultural communication and building inclusive societies. By valuing and respecting different cultures and identities, we promote empathy, tolerance, and harmonious coexistence.。
跨文化交际 Intercultural Communication智慧树知到课后章节答案2023年
跨文化交际 Intercultural Communication智慧树知到课后章节答案2023年下内蒙古民族大学内蒙古民族大学绪论单元测试1.Foreigners are interested to learn about Chinese Culture and Chinese People.At the same time, there are misunderstandings of Chinese culture.A:错 B:对答案:对2.Overseas experiences can expand one's vision and enrich one'sunderstanding of Intercultural Communication.A:对 B:错答案:对3.Before communicating with others, you need to understand your own culturewell.A:错 B:对答案:对4.Culture learning is not so important as language learning.A:错 B:对答案:错5.Knowing all the words and having perfect grammar of a language is enoughto deal with Intercultural Communication.A:错 B:对答案:错6.Everything abroad is the same as “at home”.A:错 B:对答案:错7.In this course, we are going to learn aboutA:Intercultural communication barriers B:Verbal and non-verbalcommunication C:Thearatical foundations of Intercultural Communication D:Acquring Intercultural Communication Competence答案:Intercultural communication barriers;Verbal and non-verbalcommunication;Thearatical foundations of InterculturalCommunication;Acquring Intercultural Communication Competence8.In the study of intercultural communication, we are going to achieve thegoals ofA:understanding the basic termsB:developing communicative competence C:fostering critical thinking ofdifferent cultures D:avoiding potential problems in interculturalcommunication答案:understanding the basic terms;developing communicative competence;fostering critical thinking ofdifferent cultures;avoiding potential problems in interculturalcommunication9.The course you are taking isA:Phycology B:Communication C:Intercultural Communication D:EnglishLiterature答案:Intercultural Communication10.When being asked by other people about your culture, you will be moreaware of your identity.A:对 B:错答案:对第一章测试1.The dialogues at the United Nations, for example, would be termed _________.A:international communication B:interpersonal communication C:interracial communication D:interethnic communication答案:international communication2.In China, if a Tibetan communicates with a Han, it is _____.A:interracial communication B:international communication C:interethnic communication D:interpersonal communication答案:interethnic communication3._____ is the socialization process you go through to adapt to your society.A:Enculturation B:Deculturation C:Acculturation D:Assimilation答案:Enculturation4.Many of the same proverbs appear throughout the world, because all people,regardless of their culture, share common____.A:experiences B:stories C:languages D:arts答案:experiences5.In the popular cultural iceberg metaphor, you can only see about 10-15%above the surface, most part of the iceberg is under the water, which is a bit of a mystery. Which of the following do you think are above the water?A:clothing B:food C:architecture D:music答案:clothing;food;architecture ;music6.Six reasons of why study intercultural communication were mentioned，please try pick the ones mentioned in the following.A:technology B:imperative C:self-awarenessD:demographic changes答案:technology;imperative;self-awareness;demographic changes7.Culture can be categorized as either material or nonmaterial culture.A:对 B:错答案:对8.Culture is that complex whole whichincludes knowledge,belief,arts,morals,law,custom and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society.A:对 B:错答案:对9.It is reasonable that we use what's below our surface to try to understandwhat's above somebody else’s.A:错 B:对答案:错10."Dig the well before you are thirsty" is a Chinese proverb meaning "吃水不忘挖井人”。
英语作文国际交流中的成见
In the realm of international communication,preconceptions often play a significant role,shaping the way individuals interact and perceive one another.These biases can stem from cultural differences,stereotypes,and a lack of understanding or exposure to other cultures.Heres a detailed look at how preconceptions can impact international exchanges and the importance of overcoming them.Cultural MisunderstandingsOne of the primary areas where preconceptions manifest is in cultural misunderstandings. For instance,the concept of personal space varies greatly across cultures.In some countries,close physical proximity during conversation is the norm,while in others,it may be considered intrusive.Misinterpretations can lead to discomfort or even offense, hindering the development of interpersonal relationships.Language BarriersLanguage is a complex tool that carries with it cultural nuances and idiomatic expressions. Misunderstandings can arise when literal translations are taken at face value,leading to confusion or miscommunication.Preconceptions about language abilities can also be a barrier,as some may underestimate the linguistic skills of others,assuming they cannot understand or communicate effectively.Stereotypes and AssumptionsStereotypes are perhaps the most pervasive form of preconception in international exchanges.They can lead to assumptions about a persons character,abilities,or intentions based on their nationality,ethnicity,or other factors.These assumptions can be harmful,as they often oversimplify complex individuals and can lead to discrimination or exclusion.Economic and Political BiasesEconomic and political preconceptions can also influence international interactions.For example,individuals from wealthier nations may be perceived as arrogant or insensitive to the struggles of those from less developed countries.Conversely,individuals from developing countries may be unfairly stereotyped as less capable or deserving of respect. These biases can create tension and mistrust,impeding productive dialogue and cooperation.The Role of MediaMedia plays a significant role in shaping preconceptions.News outlets and entertainment often portray certain countries or cultures in a particular light,which can perpetuate stereotypes and misunderstandings.Its crucial for individuals to seek out diverse sources of information and to critically evaluate the narratives they are presented with.Overcoming PreconceptionsTo foster meaningful international exchanges,its essential to challenge and overcome preconceptions.This can be achieved through:cation and Awareness:Learning about different cultures,histories,and perspectives can help individuals to understand and appreciate the diversity of human experience.2.Active Listening:Engaging in open and respectful dialogue can help to break down barriers and promote understanding.3.Cultural Exchange Programs:Participating in or promoting cultural exchange programs can provide firsthand experience and insight into different ways of life.4.Media Literacy:Developing the ability to critically analyze media content can help individuals to recognize and resist biased narratives.5.Empathy and Respect:Approaching others with empathy and respect,regardless of their background,can help to create a more inclusive and understanding environment. In conclusion,while preconceptions can pose challenges in international communication, they are not insurmountable.By fostering a mindset of curiosity,respect,and openmindedness,individuals can work to overcome these biases and enrich their interactions with others from around the world.。
为什么我们要传播中国传统文化英语作文
为什么我们要传播中国传统文化英语作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Why We Should Spread Chinese Traditional CultureAs globalization continues to connect people around the world, many are concerned about the potential loss of traditional cultures and identities. In today's fast-paced world, it is more important than ever for us to preserve and promote our rich cultural heritage. Chinese traditional culture, with its long history and profound influence, plays a crucial role in shaping the identity and values of the Chinese people. Therefore, spreading Chinese traditional culture is essential for fostering a sense of national pride and unity, as well as promoting cross-cultural understanding and cooperation on a global scale.First and foremost, spreading Chinese traditional culture helps to strengthen national pride and unity among the Chinese people. By learning about the history, philosophy, art, and customs of their ancestors, individuals can develop a stronger sense of identity and belonging to their country. This cultural connection can create a shared sense of pride and respect for therich heritage and values that have been passed down through generations. As a result, spreading Chinese traditional culture can help to unite the diverse population of China under a common cultural heritage, fostering social cohesion and national unity.In addition to promoting national pride and unity, spreading Chinese traditional culture can also contribute to promoting cross-cultural understanding and cooperation. In an increasingly interconnected world, it is important for people from different cultures to learn about and appreciate each other's traditions and values. By sharing aspects of Chinese traditional culture with people from other countries, we can promote greater understanding and appreciation of Chinese culture and history. This can help to break down stereotypes and barriers between cultures, fostering mutual respect and cooperation in a global context.Furthermore, spreading Chinese traditional culture can also have a positive impact on individual well-being and personal development. By studying and practicing traditional art forms such as calligraphy, painting, music, and martial arts, individuals can cultivate important values such as patience, discipline, creativity, and perseverance. These cultural activities can alsoprovide a sense of fulfillment and purpose, helping individuals to develop their talents and strengths. In addition, traditional Chinese philosophy and ethics, such as Confucianism and Taoism, offer valuable insights into the nature of human existence and the principles of moral conduct. By learning from these ancient teachings, individuals can gain wisdom and guidance for navigating life's challenges and making ethical decisions.Overall, spreading Chinese traditional culture is essential for preserving our cultural heritage, promoting national pride and unity, fostering cross-cultural understanding and cooperation, and enhancing individual well-being and personal development. As we continue to navigate the complexities of a globalized world, it is important to remember the value and significance of our traditional culture in shaping our identity and values. By sharing the beauty and wisdom of Chinese traditional culture with the world, we can contribute to a more harmonious and inclusive global community. Let us all work together to preserve and promote our cultural heritage for future generations.篇2Why should we promote Chinese traditional culture?Chinese traditional culture is a treasure trove of wisdom and heritage that has been passed down through generations. As globalization continues to spread and expand, it is essential to preserve and promote our rich cultural heritage. There are several reasons why it is important to actively promote Chinese traditional culture.Firstly, Chinese traditional culture embodies the values and beliefs that have shaped the Chinese society for thousands of years. These values, such as filial piety, respect for elders, and humility, play a crucial role in fostering a harmonious and cohesive society. By promoting these values, we can help instill a sense of identity and belonging among the younger generation, and cultivate a strong sense of community and social responsibility.Secondly, Chinese traditional culture is a source of inspiration and creativity. From ancient philosophy and literature to traditional art and music, Chinese culture has produced some of the most influential and enduring works in human history. By promoting Chinese traditional culture, we can help inspire creativity and innovation, and ensure that our cultural heritage continues to thrive in the modern world.Thirdly, Chinese traditional culture is a bridge to connect with people from different cultures and backgrounds. In an increasingly interconnected world, it is important to foster mutual understanding and respect between different cultures. By promoting Chinese traditional culture, we can build bridges of communication and cooperation with people from all over the world, and promote cross-cultural exchange and dialogue.In conclusion, promoting Chinese traditional culture is important for preserving our cultural heritage, inspiring creativity, and fostering mutual understanding and respect. By actively promoting our rich cultural heritage, we can help ensure that Chinese traditional culture continues to flourish and enrich the lives of people around the world.篇3Why Should We Promote Traditional Chinese Culture?IntroductionIn today's globalized world, the importance of preserving and promoting traditional Chinese culture cannot be overstated. China boasts a rich cultural heritage that spans thousands of years, encompassing art, literature, philosophy, music, and more. By sharing this cultural legacy with the world, we can fostermutual understanding, appreciation, and cooperation between different nations and peoples. In this essay, I will explore the reasons why we should actively promote traditional Chinese culture on a global scale.Preserving Cultural IdentityOne of the primary reasons for promoting traditional Chinese culture is to preserve our cultural identity and heritage. As Chinese people, it is important for us to remember and honor the customs, traditions, and values that have been passed down to us from our ancestors. By sharing our cultural heritage with others, we can ensure that future generations have a deep appreciation for their roots and a sense of pride in their cultural identity.Building Cultural BridgesPromoting traditional Chinese culture can also serve as a powerful tool for building cultural bridges between China and the rest of the world. Through initiatives such as cultural exchanges, art exhibitions, and language programs, we can foster cross-cultural understanding and dialogue. By sharing our customs, traditions, and values with others, we can break down cultural barriers and promote respect, tolerance, and friendship among people of different backgrounds.Promoting Social HarmonyTraditional Chinese culture emphasizes values such as filial piety, respect for elders, and harmony between humans and nature. By promoting these values on a global scale, we can help to create a more harmonious and compassionate society. In a world that is increasingly divided by politics, religion, and ideology, traditional Chinese culture offers a universal message of peace, love, and unity that can resonate with people from all walks of life.Inspiring Creativity and InnovationTraditional Chinese culture is a treasure trove of artistic and intellectual achievements that can inspire creativity and innovation in the modern world. From ancient Chinese poetry and philosophy to traditional Chinese medicine and martial arts, our cultural heritage offers a wealth of knowledge and wisdom that can enrich our lives and inspire new ideas and discoveries. By promoting traditional Chinese culture, we can encourage people to think outside the box and tap into the boundless creative potential of our cultural heritage.ConclusionIn conclusion, the promotion of traditional Chinese culture is essential for preserving our cultural identity, building cultural bridges, promoting social harmony, and inspiring creativity and innovation. By sharing our cultural heritage with the world, we can foster mutual understanding, appreciation, and cooperation between different nations and peoples. As Chinese people, it is our duty and privilege to promote our cultural legacy and ensure that it continues to thrive and flourish for generations to come. Let us work together to preserve and promote traditional Chinese culture and share its beauty and wisdom with the world.。
文化之间的关系英语作文
文化之间的关系英语作文Title: Understanding Interconnections Between Cultures。
Culture plays a vital role in shaping societies and individuals, influencing everything from language and traditions to beliefs and values. In today's increasingly interconnected world, the relationships between different cultures are more intricate and impactful than ever before. Exploring these interconnections sheds light on therichness of human diversity and the ways in which cultures shape and influence one another.Firstly, globalization has significantly enhanced the interaction between cultures. Advances in technology, transportation, and communication have facilitated the exchange of ideas, beliefs, and practices across borders. For example, the spread of the internet has enabled people from diverse cultural backgrounds to connect instantly, sharing their perspectives and experiences in ways thatwere once unimaginable. This interconnectedness has led toa blending of cultures, where elements of one culture are integrated into another, creating hybrid identities and cultural phenomena.Moreover, migration and immigration have played a crucial role in shaping cultural relationships. As people move to new countries and regions, they bring with them their cultural heritage, traditions, and customs. This results in cultural diversity within communities and nations, enriching society with different perspectives and experiences. At the same time, it fosters cultural exchange and dialogue, as individuals from different backgrounds interact and learn from one another.Language also serves as a bridge between cultures, enabling communication and understanding. As people learn new languages, they gain insights into the cultures associated with them. Language carries not only words but also cultural nuances, expressions, and idioms that reflect the values and beliefs of a particular society. Through language exchange and translation, cultures are able to communicate and share their stories with the world,fostering mutual understanding and appreciation.Furthermore, economic interdependence has deepened the relationships between cultures. Global trade and commerce have led to the exchange of goods, services, and ideas on an unprecedented scale. As economies become more interconnected, cultural products such as music, film, and literature are shared and consumed across borders. This exposure to different cultural expressions fosters cross-cultural understanding and appreciation, breaking down stereotypes and fostering empathy.However, alongside the benefits of cultural interconnection, there are also challenges and tensions that arise. Cultural appropriation, for instance, occurs when elements of a marginalized culture are adopted by a dominant culture without proper acknowledgment or respect. This can lead to the commodification of cultural symbols and practices, undermining their significance and contributing to cultural exploitation and inequality. Additionally, cultural clashes may occur when divergent values and beliefs come into conflict, leading tomisunderstandings and tensions between different groups.In conclusion, the relationships between cultures are complex and multifaceted, shaped by factors such as globalization, migration, language, and economics. While cultural interconnection enriches society with diversity and exchange, it also presents challenges that require careful navigation and respect for the integrity of each culture. By fostering dialogue, understanding, and mutual respect, we can harness the power of cultural interconnection to create a more inclusive and harmonious world.。
世界各国文化差异英文版
Art and Aesthetics
Art style
There are significant differences in art styles among different cultural backgrounds. For example, Western art typically emphasizes individuality and innovation, while Eastern art places more emphasis on tradition and harmony.
Face and honey
Face and honey are highly valued in Eastern cultures, while in Western cultures, these values are less emphasized
Expressing
emotions
Eastern cultures tend to inhibit emotional expression, while Western cultures resources open expression of emotions
more emphasis on decorative and formal beauty.
03
Examples of cultural differences among countries around the world
Differences between Chinese and Western cultures
Cultural differences among countries around the wo
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2532019年22期总第462期文艺研究ENGLISH ON CAMPUS
The Influence of Stereotypes on Communication between Cultures conflict from the Perspective of Uncertainly Avoidance-level ——taking Crash as an example文/闫 昕1. IntroductionCrash, the 78th Academy Award winner for best picture, begins with a traffic accident in L.A.. All the movie characters show their relationship, emotion, conflict, compromise with each other following the accident one by one, which is a microcosm of multicultural crash in L.A.. It also represents the process of multicultural contradiction to the integration in the USA. The commonness of human being in the whole world is also presented in the film. Meanwhile, other ethnic groups also confront with each other. The stereotype of ethnic group is inveterate in every mind, leading that everyone has racial prejudice against others. That is how we misunderstand people with good intentions, and destroy the trust among people. Taking this movie as an example, the author tried to analyze the conflict reason and the influence of stereotype on communication between cultures based on one aspect of the cultural value dimensions.2. An Analysis of the Conflict Between Afro-Americans and White Americans Caused by Stereotypes in terms of the Uncertainly Avoidance Level 2.1 Internalized StereotypeFirstly, the background of immigrant of negro is an essential factor to the whole analysis. Afro-American include the descendants of African black slaves who were historically robbed by the European settlers to the United States, new black immigrants and their descendants. According to the cultural values of uncertainly avoidance, the index of Africa culture is much higher than the United States. We could verify the experiential index in the above table. Based on the features of the high index, African are lack of security and anxious for the matter suddenly. With the development of economy and culture, although all Americans seem to have equal rights and to enjoy entire infrastructure and resources, Afro-American have their own cultural characteristics such as high-uncertainly avoidance. As the high level of uncertainty avoidance causes the stereotype that white man has to the black, the negro would internalize the fixed image, breaking conflicts with people living in other culture. The conflict is resulted from the action of holding hands that we regard it as stereotype. Actually, the action white female did with her husband cannot show any racial discrimination to the young black man in the film. However, the black man internalize the racialism on their own initiative under the background of immigrant history and culture. That is why the two people have conflict with the couple.2.2 External StereotypeIn the first half of the 20th century, only a small minority of black Africans lived abroad in the United States through overseas study, diplomatic activities, tourism, and business. The mainstay of black groups in American society is still the descendant of black slave immigrants, so-called African Americans or Old African Diaspora. African American immigrants of this period are often referred to internationalists or New African Diaspora.Immigrant groups do not completely copy their original culture when they are transplanted and maintained due to changes in the objective social environment of faults or historical memories of immigrants. They used to undergo a process of abandonment, but it does not mean the loss of cultural identity. In fact, it is a process of dynamic innovation of culture and identity. That is how they create a new identity different from the past. Hansen insisted the stereotype of traditional immigrant culture and ignored the change with the development of the society. That is why the manslaughter happened.3. ConclusionFrom the angle of Afro-American itself, they should regain the right of self-definition to avoid internalize the stereotype.Meanwhile, from the angle of literature creation, writer or director should break the limitation of mainstream culture. What should we do includes not only the critique of present situation but the reconstruction of the image.
References：[1]Larry A.Samovar[J]. Communication between Cultures,2009.[2]肖丽华.刻板书写与自我定义——论后殖民女性主义文学中的形象批评[J].甘肃社会科学,2013,3.【作者简介】闫昕(1996.7-)，女，汉族，山西人，长春理工
大学，研究生，研究方向： 英汉翻译与文化。