跨文化交际stereotypesPPT培训课件
合集下载
跨文化交际 ppt课件
美国人的会话风格
• 其主流语言风格被视为“体谅模式”，主要以 加州为主。
• 另一种语言风格为“参与模式”，以纽约为主 。
交际方式
• 东方人采取单向的保龄球方式。 • 西方人采取的是双向的乒乓球式。
非语言交际差异
非语言交际的定义
• 在交际过程中不是用口头或文字形式进行 信息传递的沟通方式即为非语言交际
• A lucky dog. • As faithful as a dog. 走狗 • Work as hard as a dog. 老黄牛 • 汉语：狗急跳墙，狗血喷头，狗眼看人低，
狗拿耗子多管闲事，狗嘴里吐不出象牙。狗 咬吕洞宾，不识好人心。
（美国）象征着死亡，祭奠亡灵和扫墓时 使用，相当于菊花。（主要用于复活节）
讨论： 鱼在英语中的含义？
• Fish in the air • 水中捞月 • A poor fish • 可怜虫 • A loose fish • 放荡不羁者 • A small fish
颜色词的文化差异，如红色、白色和黄色。 • 红色：happy, health,luck. 红对联、红包、红
3. What’s up? Can’t complain./Same as usual.
2. 东西方称呼语差异
• 东方人在称呼上更强调地位、辈份和身份。 • 西方人则更突出性别和婚姻。 • 东方人通常将姓氏放在名字的前面。 • 亚洲许多国家例如中国、韩国、越南，女
性婚后一般不随夫姓。
• 西方人大多习惯将名字放在姓氏之前，在 西方文化中，女人结婚后要随其丈夫的姓 氏。
• 这一部分需要大家课后去搜索：请找出尽 可能多的手势差异，如ok的手势语，竖起 大拇指的手势语等。
跨文化交际障碍
跨文化交际PPT课件
• Personal territory can be large or small, depending on place, sex, age, and character.
• Hold your ground and ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱot back away.
29
3.2 Attitudes Toward Crowding
attention or asking for permission to speak.
17
Others – The Dog Call Sign
• Curl the index finger and tell someone to come to you.
• Acceptable in the UK and US, but rude in many Asian countries
• Australia and Nigeria - up yours
• Some Asian and Islamic countries - rude and offensive
14
The Thumb Down Sign
• Sth is bad or sth you do not approve of. • Sth or someone has failed. • Not used as often as the thumbs up sign. It is a
2
Definitions (cont’d)
Nonverbal communication is the interaction that is carried out by our bodies, gestures, and tones of voice, in other words, everything except the actual words.
• Hold your ground and ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱot back away.
29
3.2 Attitudes Toward Crowding
attention or asking for permission to speak.
17
Others – The Dog Call Sign
• Curl the index finger and tell someone to come to you.
• Acceptable in the UK and US, but rude in many Asian countries
• Australia and Nigeria - up yours
• Some Asian and Islamic countries - rude and offensive
14
The Thumb Down Sign
• Sth is bad or sth you do not approve of. • Sth or someone has failed. • Not used as often as the thumbs up sign. It is a
2
Definitions (cont’d)
Nonverbal communication is the interaction that is carried out by our bodies, gestures, and tones of voice, in other words, everything except the actual words.
跨文化交际概述PPT课件
• A: Okay, thanks for the information, Let’s get together soon.
• B: I’d love to. • A: Good, I’ll give you a call and we’ll make a date for
lunch. • B: If you want, we can make a date now. When are
• 大众交际（mass communication）一般定义为职业化 的传播机构利用机械化、电子化的技术手段向不特定 的多数人传送信息的行为或过程。
三、交际的要素
• 一个完整的交际过程包含了九项要素： 传送者、制码、讯息、通道、接收者、 解码、回馈、环境及噪音。
四、交际的模式
• 语言是人类最重要的交际工具。 • 语言是人类最重要的思维工具。 • 语言是文化的载体。
农民peasant 龙dragon
凤凰phoenix 猫头鹰owl
孔雀peacock 狗dog
• A、B概念意义相同，A有内涵意义，B无内涵意 义
松柏鹤桃 pine /cypress/crane/peach 梅兰竹菊plum
blossom/orchid/bamboo/chrysanthemum 数字
二、交际的种类
• 内向交际（intrapersonal communication）指一个 人自己脑子里在自我交流活动或是自言自语。
• 人际交际（interpersonal communication）两个人 或两个人以上的信息传受过程。
• 组织交际（organizational communication）在学校、 公司、工厂、机关、军队、党派、群众团体等内部的 传播是组织交际。
跨文化交际PPT演示课件
23
3. Space and Distance
3.1 Proxemics 3.2 Attitudes Toward Crowding
24
3.1 Proxemics
✓ Definition: the study of people’s perception and use of space.
✓ Four categories: intimate, personal, social, and public distance.
26
Categories of Distance (cont’d)
• Social Distance (1.3-3m) - colleagues, business partners, people at social gatherings
• Public Distance (beyond 3m) - speaking in public
- direct intrusion into others’ affairs • Shrugging shoulders
- indifferent, powerless, having no secret to conceal
19
Postures (cont’d)
• Follow one’s natural habits so often go unnoticed (subconscious in nature)
• May damage your image if you neglect your postures
20
2.4 Eye Contact
Direct eye contact • Chinese: avoid • North Americans: appreciate • The British: avoid
3. Space and Distance
3.1 Proxemics 3.2 Attitudes Toward Crowding
24
3.1 Proxemics
✓ Definition: the study of people’s perception and use of space.
✓ Four categories: intimate, personal, social, and public distance.
26
Categories of Distance (cont’d)
• Social Distance (1.3-3m) - colleagues, business partners, people at social gatherings
• Public Distance (beyond 3m) - speaking in public
- direct intrusion into others’ affairs • Shrugging shoulders
- indifferent, powerless, having no secret to conceal
19
Postures (cont’d)
• Follow one’s natural habits so often go unnoticed (subconscious in nature)
• May damage your image if you neglect your postures
20
2.4 Eye Contact
Direct eye contact • Chinese: avoid • North Americans: appreciate • The British: avoid
跨文化交际PPT演示文稿
4
第4页，共21页。
euphoria 过度兴奋的情绪
utopia 乌托邦（理想中最完美的地方） ecstasy 狂喜
fantasy 幻想，空想 pervade 蔓延，渗透
scoff at 嘲弄 national 国民
outburst 突发，爆发
expatriate 侨民
vertigo
眩晕
snapshot 快照，快拍
10
第10页，共21页。
11
第11页，共21页。
Four phases of cultural adaptation
Predeparture Stage Before entering the host cultrue, you feel
excited and face the future with optimism. Stage one: everything is beautiful
13
第13页，共21页。
Comprehension question
Question 1: What are the terms that can be applied to the
concept of “culture shock”?
Terms that can be applied to theconcept of―culture shock are culture stress, adaptation, transition shock, adjustment, socialization, and so on.
19
第19页，共21页。
Question 7:
What do you think of the author‟s suggestion of using the native language to compliment people inthe host culture?
跨文化交际概论 ppt课件
ppt课件
3
第一章 跨文化交际概述
第一节 文化、交际和语言
在文化学或文化人类学中，“文化”一词通常指 人类社会区别于其他动物的全部活动方式以及活动的 产品。就这一概念的核心内涵而言，它的意义是明确 的。然而专家们给“文化”所下的定义可以说各有千 秋。在众多的关于文化的定义中，文化人类学家泰勒 （Tylor）和马林诺夫斯基（Malinowski）的定义比较 受人推崇。前者着眼于文化的整合性和精神性，后者 着眼于文化的功能性和制度性。
ppt课件
9
第一章 跨文化交际概述
第一节 文化、交际和语言
在文化学研究领域，通常把文化分为主流文化和亚文化。 也就是说，文化的概念具有层次性，一种整体文化中往往包含 了各种不同的次范畴“变体”，形成某种文化圈内的亚文化圈。
亚文化产生于亚群体，亚群体是某个民族内部的群体分化， 他们在亚群体中享有共同的信仰、价值观、行为准则、交往规 范以及认知模式。不同亚群体之间在所觉、所思、所言、所为 等方面都存在一定的差异，因此，亚文化与主流文化之间，既 有“大同”的一面，也有“小异”的一面。
广义：指人类在历史发展中所创造的物质财富 和精神财富的总和。
在通常情况下，提到“文化”人们首先想到的 是它的狭义方面，即文化的精神形态方面。
ppt课件
8
第一章 跨文化交际概述
第一节 文化、交际和语言
2 .文化定势
世界上大多数社会中都可能存在着若干群体或社团，这 些群体或社团对地域、历史、生活方式以及价值观等方面的共 享，使其成员形成、发展并强化了自己独特的文化及与之相适 应的交际文化。在跨文化交际研究中，学者们往往倾向于把某 一文化群体的每一个成员都视为该文化定势的代表或整体文化 形象。这种整体式的文化取向通常被称为文化定势。
跨文化交际stereotypesPPT课件
06.08.2020
.
3
Complete the following sentences, then check the answers to see if there is any prejudice and bigotry in them:
a) All the students in PE Dept. are b) All politicians are c) All female doctor holders are d) All Harvard graduates are e) All rich men f) All university/college teachers are g) Her boyfriend is from the north, so he must be h) His grandfather is a history professor, so he must be i) He drives BMW, so he must be Examples of stereotypes
Barriers to Cross-cultural Communication
❖ Stereotypes
❖ Prejudice
❖ Ethnocentriswill learn that
1. Stereotypes keep us from being successful as communicators because they are oversimplified, overgeneralized, and exaggerated.
4. Stereotypes are harmful in cross-cultural communication, but we have some ways to reduce or eliminate them.
文化与跨文化交际——大学英语视听说 教学课件Unit 4
gang
patrol
3. keep watch over (an area) by regularly walking or travelling around it.
trigger-happy 4. ready to react violently, especially by
shooting, on the slightest provocation.
Watch the video again, and figure out the answer to each of the following questions.
4. From the utterance---“We the only two black faces surrounded by a sea of over-caffeinated white people, patrolled by the trigger-happy LAPD”, we can infer that Anthony’s attitude towards LAPD (Los Angeles Police Department) is_____________.
amigo
10. (informal) used to address or refer to a friend, chiefly in Spanish-speaking areas.
Watch the video for the first time and judge whether each of the following statement is true based on what you hear.
1. Anthony is unhappy with the black waitress’ service.
跨文化交际ppt课件
3
--Reading the textbook and other related materials (assigned by the teacher or found/searched by you upon the teacher’s request)
--Regular attendance of the classes
--To help you become a better intercultural communicator. You will learn this partly by studying more about the process of intercultural communication and also about the factors that affect that process. However, even more important, you will develop new skills and thinking habits that will help you make sense of foreign cultures and their people, especially of things Westerners do which may seem strange, puzzling, or even bad.
strange. I decided to go to a park, and there I met several Chinese students. They started talking with me in Chinese, and I was happy to finally have a chance to practice speaking in Chinese with real Chinese people, and maybe also to make some Chinese friends. At first they asked me some pretty easy questions about how long I had been in China, what country I was from, and so forth. But then the questions started getting more complicated and harder for me to understand and answer; also, sometimes when I was struggling to answer a question the students would laugh. That kind of bothered me, and I felt like they were making fun of me. Then one of the students said something that I thought was a little weird. “Wo men zuo pengyou ba.” I mean, I did originally hope to make friends with them, but I didn’t expect someone I hardly knew to just say “Let’s be
--Reading the textbook and other related materials (assigned by the teacher or found/searched by you upon the teacher’s request)
--Regular attendance of the classes
--To help you become a better intercultural communicator. You will learn this partly by studying more about the process of intercultural communication and also about the factors that affect that process. However, even more important, you will develop new skills and thinking habits that will help you make sense of foreign cultures and their people, especially of things Westerners do which may seem strange, puzzling, or even bad.
strange. I decided to go to a park, and there I met several Chinese students. They started talking with me in Chinese, and I was happy to finally have a chance to practice speaking in Chinese with real Chinese people, and maybe also to make some Chinese friends. At first they asked me some pretty easy questions about how long I had been in China, what country I was from, and so forth. But then the questions started getting more complicated and harder for me to understand and answer; also, sometimes when I was struggling to answer a question the students would laugh. That kind of bothered me, and I felt like they were making fun of me. Then one of the students said something that I thought was a little weird. “Wo men zuo pengyou ba.” I mean, I did originally hope to make friends with them, but I didn’t expect someone I hardly knew to just say “Let’s be
跨文化交际与跨文化交际学PPT课件
③ 王福祥、吴汉樱编，《文化与语言》(外语教 学与研究出版社,1994)。
.
27
2）90年代中期以后
出版学术专著 发表相关论文 召开学术研讨会
1995年8月，中国跨文化交际研究会在哈
尔滨成立，此后，每两年召开一次全国性 会议。
.
28
学术专著
关世杰：《跨文化交流学》(北京大学出版社,1995)
第二讲 跨文化交际与跨文化交际学
.
1
一、跨文化交际(intercultural communication)
（一）交际的过程和类型
行为源
编码，形成信息，通过渠道
解码，反应，通过渠道反馈
反应者
交际是一个（或多个人）对另一个人（或 多个人）的行为或行为遗迹作出了反应。
.
2
交际的类型
划分标准
交际类型
格林教授和夫人鞠躬 敬请赐复。
.
36
Invitation
Director of the Institute of Atomic Energy requests the pleasure of the company of
Mr. and Mrs. Dickens at a dinner party
in honor of Mr. Liu Wenling senior engineer of the Institute of Atomic Energy
.
30
一些不宜用“姓＋职务”表示的词
中国文化中称呼“姓＋职务”这种类型的，有 些翻译成英文不宜直译，如主任、局长、科长、 老师等。
对于教师的称呼很多，主要有三种： Sir./Ms.；
Mr./Ms.＋姓；直呼其名。 不能是“姓＋teacher”，也不能是直呼别人
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
2019/12/11
Cross-cultural Communication
Stereotyping is assuming that a person has certain qualities (good or bad) just because the person is a member of a specific group (Jandt, 2001). An example of a stereotype is the belief that one group of people is lazy or poor, or that another is smart or romantic. A stereotype is an oversimplified statement based on a single characteristic. They are often based on faulty information, they get in the way of knowing people as individuals, and they can lead to serious misunderstandings.
1. What is stereotyping? 2. Think about a situation when someone made a biased
judgment about you or acted unfairly toward you because of your age, skin color, clothes you were wearing, gender, the way you speak, where you live, how much money your family has, or some other reason. 3. How do we acquire stereotypes? 4. How to reduce or eliminate stereotypes in cross-cultural communication? 5. Of stereotyping, prejudice, ethnocentrism, which one can be the most serious cultural bias and the biggest obstacle in cross-cultural communication? Why?
跨文化交际 stereotypes
Students will learn that
1. Stereotypes keep us from being successful as communicators because they are oversimplified, overgeneralized, and exaggerated.
2019/12/11
Cross-cultural Communication
Complete the following sentences, then check the answers to see if there is any prejudice and bigotry in them:
a) All the students in PE Dept. are b) All politicians are c) All female doctor holders are d) All Harvard graduates are e) All rich men f) All university/college teachers are g) Her boyfriend is from the north, so he must be h) His grandfather is a history professor, so he must be i) He drives BMW, so he must be Examples of stereotypes
2019/12/11
Cross-cul is stereotyping?
People often use labels or categories to describe others, these labels can be based on such characteristics as clothing, looks, the way a person talks, or the groups to which he or she belongs. People often make assumptions about groups of people they don't even know.
3. Parents, teachers, limited personal contact and the media (movies, TV programs, advertising, newspapers, books and magazines, and even school textbooks) help to make stereotypes.
Stereotype are general ideas of a person, created without taking the whole person into account. When we stereotype a group of people, we depict all of the individuals within that group as having the same characteristics even though they are probably all very different.
2. Stereotypes can have a negative effect when people use them to interpret behavior. They are one of the most difficult stumbling block to overcome in cross-cultural communication.
4. Stereotypes are harmful in cross-cultural communication, but we have some ways to reduce or eliminate them.
2019/12/11
Cross-cultural Communication
Discussion Questions: