2008雅思考试专题讲座之三：词汇篇

福建师范大学外国语学院 林明金
Endowed by different talents, every individual is contributing to our society in different ways. Therefore, to treat every student equally is a common practice at existent schools; however, there is a tendency of growing popularity that schools are oriented by producing "elite students". It has aroused fierce controversies, for which reason I suggest that schools should keep their traditional strategy unchanged.
福建师范大学外国语学院 林明金
Conversion
Conversion (also known as zero-derivation or functional shift) is a process of word formation, in which a word of one part of speech is shifted into a word of another part of speech without using any affix. For instance, The word shape is originally a noun but later on it is used as a verb. In other words, when we say a word can be used both as a noun and as a verb, we are often in a sense talking about conversion. This is another very productive process of word formation for Modern English. With this kind of word formation, the words can work more efficiently for our communication.
福建师范大学外国语学院 林明金
WORD FORMATION
主讲：林明金
All words, including English and Chinese words are semantically related in one way or another. A word which is related to other words is related to them in sense. Usually, the meaning of a word is constant. "Good, good, I will give you a lesson one day"
福建师范大学外国语学院 林明金
In brief, to train students for specific purpose might be beneficial in some sense, but to coach them together is more favourable.
福建师范大学外国语学院 林明金
福建师范大学外国语学院 林明金
Derivation Derivation is a process of word formation, in which one or more affixes is attached to a root to produce a new word known as derived word and usually derivation will change the part of speech of the root. This process of word formation is also termed affixation, for whenever we produce a new word this way we need to use an affix: a prefix or suffix. This process of word formation is very productive, too.
2008雅思专题讲座之三· 词汇篇
主讲：林明金

福建师范大学外国语学院 林明金
从雅思写作谈起…… 儿童教育应群教还是因材施教 Some people think educating children of different abilities together will benefit them. Others think intelligent children should be taught separately and give special courses. Discuss both sides and give your own opinions
福建师范大学外国语学院 林明金
If we look into the words like "landlord", "disasterrelated", we can see that these words are the combination of two words. In the word "landlord", there are two parts: "land " and "lord". Morpheme: bound /free
Endowed=gifted 被赋予..( 一般接天赋, 能力一类 的词) Environment-friendly (adj.) 有利环境的 Profit-oriented=profit-driven (adj.) 以盈利为目 的的 Environment-interested (adj.) 对环境感兴趣的 Environment-conscious (adj.) 具备环境意识的 Rigid=inflexible=strict=rigorous=relentless: 严厉的, 没有任何余地的, ( 一般形容法律, 秩序）
福建师范大学外国语学院 林明金
There are two kinds of derivation: prefixation and suffixation. In former, a prefix is used while in latter a suffix is used. Generally speaking, prefixation will lead to a meaning alternation while suffixation will lead to word class change.
Байду номын сангаас福建师范大学外国语学院 林明金
To begin with, to separate students according to their individual competence can injure their personality development. Some seemingly intelligent students are instilled with a sense of superiority. Consequently, they place themselves over the rest of the class, but some findings have indicated that those are of great wise are not necessarily of great use.
福建师范大学外国语学院 林明金
If we look into the words like "wonderful", "wonderfully", we can see that there are two elements in "wonderful". They are "wonder" and "ful". And in "beautifully" there are three elements: "wonder", "ful" and "ly".
福建师范大学外国语学院 林明金
Secondly, to categorise students with a rigid rule can spur the rivalry between students, which is harmful for the academic atmosphere of a school. Schools are prestigious because of their inborn ability to provide children a relaxing and cooperative environment to study. To treat gifted children different would inescapably upgrade the competition between children. Arguments or infightings thus escalate.
福建师范大学外国语学院 林明金
Compounding Compounding is a process of word formation, in which two or more free morphemes are put together to form a compound word, such as "grassland", "door-keeper" and "forget-me-not". A compound word is thus the product of the process. Because there is one compound word of every four new words since the Second World War, compounding is claimed to be a more productive process of word formation or a major way to form new words.