中考英语复习教学案语法专项名词
第一部分语法专项
一、名词
【考纲分析】
1. 中考考纲 : (1) 可数名词及其单复数; (2) 不可数名词; (3) 专有名词 (4) 名词所有格
2. 近5年中考名词的考点及分值分布
【自主学习】
一、把下列名词分类，并说明基本用法
bag, news, weather, music, apple, job, work, student, rice, bread,
juice, game, house, English, meal, money, monkey, salt, grass,
advice, week, beef, information, idea, sheep
不可数名词有：
不可数名词的基本用法：没有__________ 形式，不可以与____________
连用。
可数名词有：
可数名词的基本用法：有__________ 形式，可以与____________ 连用。
二、写出下列名词的复数形式：
1．clock __ map 2. brush watch
3．piano tomato __ 4．factory monkey
5．knife leaf 6．man German
7. Chinese sheep 8. child foot __
三、把下列短语译成英语
1. 三杯牛奶
2. 一块面包
3. 许多建议
4.许多德国人
5.六个男学生
6. 五个女老师
7.LiLei的帽子 8. 学生们的桌子 9. 妇女节10. 教师节 11.儿童节 12. Lucy 和Lily共有的单车
13 Lucy 和Tom各自的单车 14. 8天的假期 / ____________
答案：
一、略
二、 , maps 2. brushes, watches 3. pianos, tomatoes 4. factories, monkeys
5. knives, leaves
6. men , Germans
7. Chinese, sheep
8. children, feet
三、1. three cups of milk 2. a piece of bread 3. much/
a lot of / lots of advice
4. many Germans
5. six boy students
6. five women
teachers
7. Lilei’s hat 8. students’ desks 9. Women’s Day.
10. Teachers’ Day. 11. Children’s Day 12. Lucy and Lily’s bike
13. Lucy’s and Tom’s bikes 14. eight days’ holiday / an eight-day holiday
【教师点拨】
考点1：可数名词
一、基本用法
(1)可数名词后可以加-s或-es构成复数形式，用于表达超过“一个”的数的概念。
(2)只与可数名词复数连用的单词：few(几乎没有)，a few(一些), many/a great many(许多)
(3)既能与可数名词连用也能与不可数名词连用的单词：some, any, a lot of/lots of, plenty of。例如：
There is some/a lot of milk in the bottle.
There are some/a lot of flowers in the garden.
二、名词单复数规则变化
三、名词复数的不规则变化
【课堂检测】
( ) 1. When Peter comes， please ask him to leave a .
A. notice
B. message
C. sentence D .information
( )2 .If you work harder, you'll have another to play the violin at a concert.
A. sleep
B. chance
C. mistake
D. problem
( )3.—Lily, could you please pass me the I want to cut the apple.
—Sure, here you are.
A. pen
B. pencil
C. book
D. knife ( )4. . Eating more and is good for our health .
A. vegetables, tomatoes
B. meat, fish
C. vegetable, potatoes
D. photos, tomatoes
( )5.—What a good you've given me！ Thanks a lot.
—My pleasure. A. information B. news C. suggestion D. advice
考点2：不可数名词
一、基本用法
(1) 不可数名词没有复数形式，不能与a/an或具体数字连用，但特指某物时可以与定冠
词the连用。
(2) 要表示一定的数量时，常与a cup of, a bottle of, a piece of 等量词连用，如a cup of tea
一杯茶； two bottles of water两瓶水
注意：区别two boxes of chalk与two boxes of apples。
(3) 只能修饰不可数名词的词有：a little(一点)，little(几乎没有)，much/a great deal of(许
多)
(4) 常考的不可数名词有：
food， drink (饮料), orange（橙汁）， milk， rice， bread，meat（肉）， chicken
（鸡肉）， pork（猪肉）， beef（牛肉），work， homework， news （新闻） advice
（建议）， information（信息）， weather（天气）， Chinese（汉语）， knowledge（知
识）等
【课堂检测】
( )1. —After .， I often feel very thirsty.
—Why not buy some to drink
A. bread
B. noodles
C. apple juice
D. teas
( ) 2. .I want a sweet milk. Put some in my cup， please.
A. ice
B. soup
C. salt
D. sugar
( )3 . —Good morning, madam. Can I help you
—Sure, I’d like .
A. two cups of tea
B. three pieces of bread
C. one bowl of dumplings
D. a kilo of oil ( ) 4. —Can I help you
—Yes. I want to get some ________ about the trip to America.
A. news
B. information
C. help
D. advice
( ) 5. Your mother cooks nice __________. I like it very much.
A. bread
B. beef
C. eggs
D. dumplings
考点3：名词所有格
在英语中，有生命的名词及表示时间、距离、国家、城市的名词，常
在词尾加’s 表示所属关系，叫做名词的所有格。翻译成：“的”。如：Tom’s bike (汤姆的单车)
名词的所有格例词、例句
①直接在词尾加's.Kate's bag, Children's Day,
Women's Day
②以s结尾的名词所有格，在词
尾加 '
Teachers' Day, students' books
③表示两人共同拥有的人或物，
在后一个人名后加's Lucy and Lily's mother （共同的妈妈）
④表示两人分别拥有的人或物，
则两个人名后都要加's Tom's and Jim's rooms （各自的房间）
⑤表某人的家、店铺、住宅、公
at the doctor's（在医务室）；
注意：
但是有些表示时间、距离、重量、价值、国家和城市等无生命的名词，也可加's构成所有格：如： today's newspaper今天的报纸 eight days' holiday ＝ an 8-day holiday八天的假期 five minutes' walk ＝ a five-minute walk 五分钟的步行路程
【课堂检测】
( )1.—How far is it from Tianjin to Changsha
—It is a flight from Tianjin to Changsha.
A. 2-hour-long hours' long hour long
( )2.—Is the schoolbag under the desk yours
—No, it's my . He left it there just now.
A. brother
B. brother's
C. brothers'
D. brothers
( )3. Mr. Black is a teacher of . She and her classmates like him very much.
A. my sister
B. my sister's
C. my sisters
D. my sisters'
( )4. —we’ll have__________ holiday. What about going to Shaoshan
—Good idea！
A. 3 days’
B. 3 day’s
C. a 3-days
D. 3-day
( )5. 1．A friend of my ____ and I are going to visit_______ next week.
A.father; Browns
B. father's; the Browns
C. father; the
Browns D. father's; Browns
【易混词辨析】
(1) sound，voice，noise
① sound “声音”，指耳朵能听到的各种声音。I heard the sound of the bell.
② voice “声音”，主要指人的声音。She has a beautiful voice.
③ noise 指“噪音”。词组有：make a noise等。
练习：made me feel annoyed. I want to be in a quiet place.
teacher said in a loud ，“Please keep silent.”
the foot of the hill you could hear nothing but the of the running water.
(2) job， work
① job “工作”，是可数名词。
②work “工作”，可以作名词或动词；作名词表示“工作”时是不可数的；作名词表示“着作”时是可数的。
练习：has lost three ，because he doesn't hard.
you want to late We will have a for you as a waiter.
(3) a number of， the number of
① a number of 表示“大量的；许多”，谓语动词用复数。
如：A number of persons are playing chess.
② the number of 表示“……的数量”，谓语动词用单数。
如：The number of people in the room is 50.
练习：1. of foreign students are studying in this college.
2. of American students is over 30.
(4) idea， advice
① idea 表示“主意”，是可数名词。如：a good idea 一个好主意
② advice表示“建议；忠告”，是不可数名词。如：a piece of advice
练习：1. Can you give me some on how to learn English well
2. He has got a good to deal with his old books.
(5) news， information， message， instruction
① news 表示“新闻；消息”，是不可数名词。如：two pieces of news
② information 表示“信息；资料”，侧重信息的价值，是不可数名词。如： some information
③ message 表示“消息；音信”，侧重信息的简短，是可数名词。常
用词组：leave a
message(留言)；give a message to…(捎口信给……)
④ instruction 表示“说明；须知；教导”，是可数名词。如：some instructions
练习： bad ！ The school trip will be put off because of the sports meeting.
2.—I don't know how to use this machine. —It doesn't matter. Here is the .
you please give a to Li Lei He is not at school.
you provide me with some about the trip
(6) house， family， home
① house 表示“住宅”，指的是具体的房子或建筑物。
② family 表示“家；家庭”，也可指全体家庭成员。
③ home 意为“家”，带有眷恋等感情色彩。
练习： bought a new in Zhongshan.
has a big . There are six people in his .
has been in Shenzhen for 10 years. Shenzhen has become her second .
(7) 部分单词作可数名词和不可数名词时的含义不同：
room 房间(可数)；空间(不可数)。 glass玻璃杯(可数)；玻璃(不可数)。
orange橙子(可数)；橙汁(不可数)。 chicken小鸡(可数)；鸡肉(不可数)。
time 次数(可数)；时间(不可数)。
练习：1.—Oh！ There isn't enough for us in the bus.
—No hurry. Let's wait for the next.(room)
2. Mother wants to buy a piano in my ， but there is little in it. (room)
3.—How many have you been to Shanghai
—Never. I have no .(time)
are made of .(glass)
are some and two bottles of on the desk.(orange)
练习答案
(1)noise，voice，sound (2)jobs，work，work，job (3) A number，The number
(4) advice，idea(5) news，instruction，message，information (6)house，family，family，home (7)room，room，room，times，time，glasses，glass，oranges，orange
【课堂检测】
( )1. —Listen . Can you hear anything
—Yes, That’s the ______ of the running water
初中英语语法大全——名词
初中英语语法大全——名词 一、名词概述 1.名词的定义 名词是表示人、事物、地点、现象及其他抽象概念等名称的词。英语中的名词有可数名词和不可数名词之分；有其所有格形式；在句子中通常做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语等。 2.名词的分类 名词分为专有名词和普通名词两类。普通名词又分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词。个体名词与集体名词多数是可数名词，而物质名词与抽象名词多数是不可数名词。
二、名词的数 名词按照其可数性可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词是指可以直接计算数目的名词。个体名词和集体名词多数是可数名词；不可数名词是指无法直接用数目计算的词。物质名词和抽象名词多数是不可数名词。 1.可数名词的数 在英语中，可以直接用数字进行计算的名词是可数名词，不能直接用数字进行计算的名词是不可数名词。通常个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，视为可数名词;物质名词和抽象名词往往指泛指的物质或者抽象的概念，不能用具体的数字来表示，视为不可数名词。专有名词往往只指一个人或物，因此没有必要再用具体的数字来修饰，一般也视为不可数名词。
eg: I was having dinner at a restaurant. eg: The two children are playing table tennis in the school. eg: Mr.Black gave us some advice on how to learn English well. eg: Paris is the capital of France. ①规则复数变化形式 可数名词在表示两个或两个以上的概念时需要用复数形式。可数名词单数形式变成复数形式的一般规则如下表:
高考语法专项练习：名词和名词短语
名词 2004 1.The faces of four famous American presidents on Mount Rushmore can be seen from a ______ of 60 miles.【全国I28】 A. length B. distance C. way D. space 2.I keep medicines on the top shelf, out of the children’s ______.【天津26】 A. reach B. hand C. hold D. place 3.Don’t leave matches or cigarettes on the table within ______ of little children.【湖北21】 A. hand B. reach C. space D. distance 2005 4.Bill was doing a lot of physical exercise to build up his ______.【天津10】 A. ability B. force C. strength D. mind 5.He proved himself a true gentleman and the beauty of his ______ was seen at its best when he worked with others.【上海43】 A. temper B. appearance C. talent D. character 6.I am sure David will be able to find the library—he has a pretty good ______ of direction.【浙江16】 A. idea B. feeling C. experience D. sense 7.The head office of the bank is in Beijing, but it has ______ all over the country.【辽宁27】 A. companies B. branches C. organizations D. businesses 8.My ______ of this weekend’s activity is going out with some good friends.【安徽28】 A. idea B. opinion C. mind D. thought 2006 9.It is no ______ arguing with Bill because he will never change his mind.【全国II11】 A. use B. help C. time D. way 10.Finding information in today’s world is easy. The ______ is how you can tell if the information you get is useful or not.【天津15】 A. ability B. competition C. challenge D. knowledge 11.When Jane began to take swimming lessons, her main ______ was the fear of water.【上海42】 A. evidence B. crisis C. obstacle D. danger 12.You have been sitting on my hat and now it is badly out of ______.【广东34】 A. date B. shape C. order D. balance 13.—If you like I can do some shopping for you. —That’s a very kind ______.【浙江17】 A. offer B. service C. point D. suggestion 14.School children must be taught how to deal with dangerous ______.【辽宁32】 A. states B. conditions C. situations D. positions 15.To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their ______ and weaknesses.【湖北21】 A. strengths B. benefits C. techniques D. values 16.The ______ on his face told me that he was angry.【湖北23】 A. impression B. sight C. appearance D. expression 17.At the meeting they discussed three different ______ to the study of mathematics.【湖北24】 A. approaches B. means C. methods D. ways 18.Always read the ______ on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine.【福建35】 A. explanations B. instructions C. descriptions D. introductions 19.It is said that dogs will keep you ______ for as long as you want when you are feelinglonely.【江西 28】 A. safety B. company C. house D. friend 20.My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was ______ it.【陕西10】 A. in honour of B. in memory of C. in favour of D. in search of 2007
(完整版)初中英语语法专项代词练习及答案
初中英语语法代词专项练习 —————人称代词、物指代词 （1）按要求写出下列代词的形式 1、I（宾格）________ 2、he（形容词性物主代词）________ 3、us（主格）________ 4、they（宾格）________ 5、she（宾格）________ 6、you（名词性物主代词）________ 7、it（宾格）________ 8、my（复数）________ 9、him（复数）________ 10、he（形容词性物主代词）________ 11、we（单数）________ 12、they（名词性物主代词）________ 13、I（反身代词）________ 14、you（反身代词）________ 15、she（反身代词）________ 16、he（反身代词）________ 17、it（反身代词）________ 18、I（反身代词）________ （2）选出括号中正确的词，在正确的词上打勾。 1. This is（my / I）mother. 2. Nice to meet （your / you）. 3.（He / His）name is Mark. 4. What’s（she / her）name? 5. Excuse（me / my / I）. 6. Are（your / you）Miss Li? 7.（I/ My）am Ben. 8.（She / Her）is my sister. 9. Fine , thank（your / you）. 10. How old is （he / his）? （3）用所给代词的正确形式填空 1. These are ______ ( he ) brothers. 2. That is _______( she ) sister. 3. Lily is _______ ( Lucy ) sister. 4. Tom, this is _____ ( me ) cousin, Mary. 5. Now _____________(her parent) are in America. 6. Those __________ ( child ) are _____ ( I ) father’s students. 7. Do you know ______ ( it ) name? 8. Mike and Tom _________( be ) friends. 9. Thanks for helping ________( I ). 10. ______(Ann安)mother is ______(we) teacher. （4）填上正确的人称代词和物主代词 1._____ is my friend. 他是我的朋友。 2. My dog likes _____. 我的狗喜欢她。 3. Who is there? It’s _____.是谁啊？是我。 4. Come with _____. 跟我来。 5. ______ classroom is bigger than ____. 你们的教室比我们的要大。 6. _____ are Chinese. 我们是中国人。 7.I want to buy some balloons for ______. 我想买些气球送给他。 8. These are ______ photos. 这些是我们的照片。 9. _____ like ______ very much. 他们非常喜欢它。 10. Let _____ give _____ a book. 让我给你一本书。
中考语文语法知识综合测试卷及答案
中考语文语法知识综合测试卷及答案 中考语文语法知识综合测试卷 班级姓名 1、与例词词性相同的一项是：( ) 例：铁的纪律锦上添花 A修建桥梁思想疙瘩 B傀儡政权时代潮流 C工程上马挑着担子 D百花齐放红牡丹 2、下面一句话中画横线词的词性分析正确的一组：( ) 明天早晨我和李光、王平同学在学校集合去爬山。 A.副，连，代，连，动 B.副，介，代，介，名 C.名，连，名，介，动 D.名，介，名，动，名 3、对题目《①谁②是③最④可爱⑤的⑥人》词性分析正确的一项是：( ) A. ①名词②助词③形容词④动词⑤代词⑥代词 B. ①名词②动词③副词④形容词⑤代词⑥名词 C. ①代词②助词③介词④动词⑤助词⑥名词 D. ①代词②动词③副词④形容词⑤助词⑥名词 4、对下列加点的词词性判断正确的一项是：( ) ①他画的画儿得奖了。②他的态度不对，对他要教育。 A.①动词名词②形容词介词 B.①名词名词②形容词介词 C.①动词名词②动词副词 D.①动词动词②副词介词 5、下列词语都属同类的一组是：( ) A.北国天骄衣钵隐衷 B.消极敷衍痛快惊诧 C.间或凄然大抵简直 D.什么人们这里高处 6、对“下”的词性的分析，正确的一组是：( ) 老虎正要①下山，老猎人躲在石岩②下，抡起虎叉，突然给了老虎一 ③下。 A. ①动词②方位词③量词 B. ①介词②方位词③量词 C. ①动词②助词③量词 D. ①介词②助词③量词 7、选出对加点词的词类依次判断正确的一项：( )
一个人为自己所热爱的目标而奋斗时，即使困难重重，也会百折不挠地去克服它。 A.动词形容词连词代词 B.介词动词连词名词 C.动词形容词副词名词 D.介词动词副词名词 8、下面四句话中，“跟”字的词性依次列出四种，其中正确的一项是：( ) ①跟着好人学好事②我跟他是同桌③我跟他学唱歌④那鞋的跟高得没法穿 A.①动②介③连④名 B. ①介②动③动④名 C.①动②介③连④形 D.①动②连③介④名 9、选出与“红花绿叶”中的“绿”的词性相同的一项：( ) A.春回大地群山绿 B.春风又绿江南岸 C.一汪绿水慰平生 D.红了樱桃绿了笆蕉 10、选出下列带点词词性不同的一项：( ) A.电灯突然亮起来了。 B.这场雨下得太突然。 C.心脏突然停止了跳动。 D.突然，掌声暴风雨般地响起来。 11、选出词性相同的一项是：( ) A.听战争经验希望拒绝 B.各那么鲁迅我们旅客 C.更从来单单经常渐渐 D.胖伟大激动承担应该 12、下面句中加点词的词性都依次列出了，选出完全正确的一项：( ) 她一边和面，一边和颜悦色地和大家讲自己的经历，她说她和丈夫是一对患难夫妻。 ①动词②形容词③介词④连词A.①②④④B.③①②④ C.①②③④ D.③①④② 13、选出下列括号中说法错误的一项： ( ) A 保卫祖国保持安静歌唱英雄整顿作风(动宾短语) B 风俗习惯正大光明缤纷络绎天高地厚(并列短语) C 精神文明宝贵意见多么活泼伟大成就(偏正短语) D 人民伟大成果辉煌黑了一阵宿舍旁边(主谓短语) 14、选出下列括号中说法正确的一项：（）
语法专项复习教学设计名词
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labour 劳动health 健康life 生活friendship友情patience耐力 3. 普通名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词。 可数名词是可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词,如： box, child, orange； 不可数名词是不可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词。如：water, news, oil, population, information . 4、英语可数名词的单复数：英语可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。 1. 规则名词的复数形式：
人教版新目标中考英语语法专项-名词专项练习题
中考专项词类一名词 ( )1. (2009 广州)一You look very tired this morning. What did you do yesterday afternoon? —I did ______ Christmas shopp ing. A. a lot of B. a few of C. a nu mber of D. a piece of 【答案】A ( )2. (2009 ?武汉)一Why do you get up so early in the morning, Tracy ? —I gen erally make it a ______ to be up by 7 to read En glish. A. pla n B. wish C. secret D. rule 【答案】D ( )3. (2009 ?武汉)一Do the dishes, Mike, or I will tell mum! —Mind your own ______ ,Sue! A. action B. duty C. bus in ess D. way 【答案】C ( )4. (2009 ?广州)The letter from my uncle was short. There wasn't ______ n ews. A. many B. a few C. much D. few 【答案】C ( )5.(2009 威海)--Why didn ' t you take a taxi back last ni ght? --Because I didn ' t have any with me. A. food B. bicycle C. frie nd D. money 【答案】D ( )6. (2009 成都)John always says that he likes apples of all the _____ . A. vegetables B. fruits C. drinks 【答案】B ( )7.( 2009 江西)---You look worried. What your __ ? ---I have trouble lear ning En glish. A. n ame B. questi on C. problem D. job 【答案】C ( )8. (2009 南京)--Oh, my God! We have missed the last bus. What shall we do? --I ' nafraid we have no ________ but to take a taxi. A. choice B. decisi on C. reas on D. i nformatio n 【答案】 A ( )9.(2009 河南)I like ___________ a lot, and my mother usually cooks it in differe nt ways. A. fish B. butter C. potatoes D. no odles 【答案】 A ( )10(2009 宜昌)--In my opi nion, Chi na has more _____ to deal with the disease ofA/H1N1. --I quite agree with you. Chin ese medici ne works well. A. adva ntages B. in terests C. equipme nts D. materials 【答案】A ( )11. (2009 娄底)一It ' s said that you have moved into a new house. —Yeah, and we need to buy some ______ in the mall n earby. A. food B. furn iture C. hamburger 【答案】B ( )12. (2009 孝感)All the ________ teachers enjoyed themselves on March 8th, because it was their own holiday. A. man B. men C. woma n D. wome n 【答 案】 D ()13 .（2009湖北孝感） Emma, who are you taking of at home? —My gra ndma, she got hurt in an accide nt. A. place B. part C. seat D. care 【答案】D ( )14. (2009 山西)--How can I see thick snow in most n orther n parts of China? --You have to wait till ______ comes, Steve. A. summer B. autu mn C. win ter 【答案】C ( )15. ( 2009 山西)Let ' get some _________ about tourism on the Intern et. A. in formati on B. message C. inven ti on 【答案】A ( )16( 2009 无锡) ________ t he teachers in their school is about 200 and one fourth of them are ____ teachers. -s— A. A nu mber of ; wome n B. A nu mber of ; woma n C. The nu mber of ; wome n D. The nu mber of ; woma n 【答案】C ( )17. (2009 绥德)Mike and his friend are going to the _________ to see the new action movie toni ght. A. book shop B. restaura nt C. concert D. cin ema 【答案】D ()18.(2009.安徽)--Shall we go shoppi ng now? ---Sorry. It ' not the right .I 'ntoo tired. A. way B. weather C. place D. mome nt 【答案】 D ()19. (2009.安徽)--I 'nafraid I can 'get
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中考语文语法知识汇总
中考语文语法知识汇总 1、词类：有实词与虚词两大类。 实词：表示实在的意义，能够作短语或句子的成分能够独立成句。 虚词：一般不表示实在的意义，不作短语或句子的成分，它们的基本用途是表示语法关系。 A、名词：表示人和事物名称的词。表示人的名称，如同志、作家；表示具体事物，河流、高山；表示抽象事物，如政治、科学；表示时间名称，上午、夏天；表示处所名称：上海、中国；表示方位名称：上、下 名词的语法特点:①表示人称的名词，可以在后头加“们”表示多数②方位词常用在其他名词后头，组成表示处所、范围或时间的方位短语③名词一般不受副词修饰。 B、动词：是表示动作行为、发展变化、心理活动等意义的词。 表示动作、行为：坐、听；表示存现、消失或发展变化：有、发生；表示心理活动：爱、恨；表示使令：叫、让；表示可能、意愿：能、会；表示趋向：来、去；表示判断：是。 动词的语法特点：①动词一般受副词“不”的修饰。②动词后面可以带“着、了、过”，表示动态。③一部分动词可以重叠，表示时间短暂或尝试的意思。④判断词“是”主要是联结句子的主语和宾语。⑤能愿动词后面不能跟名词，
能愿动词可以和后面的动词一起作谓语中心语，也可以单独作谓语中心语。⑥趋向动词可以单独作谓语中心语，也可以在谓语中心语后面作补语。 C、形容词：是表示事物的形状、性质、状态的词。 表示事物形状的：高、矮；表示事物性质的：漂亮、结实；表示事物状态的：快、慢； 形容词的语法特点：①一部分形容词可以用重叠形式来加强语义。②大多数形容词可以受副词“很”修饰。 D、数词：是表示数目的词。 表确数；表概数：几、许多；表序数：第一、老三；数词的语法特点：①数目增加，可以用分数表示，也可以用倍数表示②数目减少，只能用分数，不能用倍数。 E、量词：是表示事物和动作、行为单位的词。表示事物单位的量词叫数量词。表示动作、行为单位的量词叫动量词。表示事物单位的：个、只；表示动作、行为单位的：次、回，有时也借用某些名词来表示，如：脚、年； 量词的语法特点：①量词经常和数词连用，组成数量短语，也称为数量启数量词。②表示物量的数量词常用在名词的前面。③表示动量的数量词数量词常用在动词的后面。 F、代词：起代替或指示作用的词。 代词分为人称代词、疑问代词、指示代词三类。代词的语法特点：①第二人称的敬称“您”不用于复数，如果需要