英语语法大攻克--数词讲解例题解析

  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。

数词讲解例题解析

一、基数词的构成

1.1-12的基数词是独立的单词,即:one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve。

2.13-19的基数词以-teen结尾。如:fourteen,seventeen等,但13,15,18较特殊,13-thirteen 15-fifteen 18-eighteen。

3.20-90的整十位均以-ty结尾。如:sixty,ninety,但20,30,40,50,80较特殊,20-twenty 30-thirty 40-forty 50-fifty 80-eighty。

4.十位数与个位数之间要加连字符号"-",如:28-twenty-eight,96-ninety-six。

5.百位和十位(若无十位则和个位)之间加and,如:148-one hundred and forty-eight 406-four hundred and six。

6.hundred(百),thousand(千),million(百万),billion(十亿)等前面即使有具体的数词,也不能在它们的后面加s。如:600-six hundred,8百万-eight million。

7.1000以上的数字,从后往前数每三位加一个逗号","第一个逗号前为千(thousand),第二个逗号前为百万(million),第三个逗号前为billion(十亿)。英语中无"万"这个词,我们可以用"几十个千(thousand)"表示几万,"几百个千(thousand)"表示"几十万"。如:2,510=two thousand five hundred and ten;84,296=eight-four thousand two hundred and ninety-six;274,350=two hundred and seventy-four thousand three hundred and fifty。

二、序数词的构成

序数词一般是以与之相应的基数词尾加-th构成,例如fourth, tenth,但以下的这些基数词变为序数词时,有特别之处。

1.one--- first, two --- second, three --- third, five --- fifth, nice --- ninth, twelve --- twelfth

2. 以ty 结尾的单词,要先变y为I, 在加-eth. 例如:thirty ---thirtieth, fifty ---fiftieth

3. 以one, two, three 等结尾的多位数词,要将各位数变成序数词。例如:twenty-one --- twenty-first, one hundred and one --- one hundred and first

注意:序数词前常用定冠词,有时还可以用不定冠词a/an 则表示"又一"的意思。

例如:Mr Brown has a second car. 布朗先生另外还有一辆车。

He has tried a second time. 他又尝试了一次。

三、数词的应用

1.时刻的表示:小时、点钟、分钟、秒钟要用基数词。

①"几点钟"用基数词加o'clock。o'clock可省略。如:5点钟-five(o'clock).

②"几点过几分",≤30分钟"用介词past。如:7:05-five past seven;7:15-fifteen (a quarter)past seven;7:30-half past seven。

③"差几分几点"用介词"to"。如:7:40-twenty to eight;7:45-fifteen(a quarter to eight。

④日常生活中的时间读法常常简化,直接按基数词的顺序读。如:7:05-seven o five;7:15- seven fifteen。

2.年月日的表示:

①年份用基数词,如:1999年-nineteen ninety-nine;1900年-nineteen hundred;2000-two thousand;1905-nineteen o five;

②年用基数词,日用序数词。如:1998年6月8日写作:June 8,1998;读作:June the eighth,nineteen ninety-eight或the eighth of June,nineteen ninety-eight。

3. 世纪、年代表示法:

(在)90年代(in) the nineties

(在)19世纪(in) the nineteenth century

(在)18世纪30年代(in) 1730s或1730's

4.编号的表示:

① Lesson One =the first lesson第一课;

② Bus No.3=the No.3bus 3路公共汽车;

③表示住所时不用"No."如:302房间-Room 302(读作:room three o two);

④如果编号的数词比较长,一般用基数词。如:Page 457第457页;

⑤电话号码,用基数词,如:3855633-three eight five five(double five)six three three (double three)。

5.分数的表达:

分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子大于"1",分母则加"s"。如:1/3 one third,2/3two thirds;

另外:1/2 a(one)half; 1/4one fourth或a(one)quarter;3/4threefourths或three quarters。

half a second; a quarter of a second四分之一秒

6. 表示有小数的词用基数词。

5.5 five point five

12.135 twelve point one three five

7.表示百分数

5℅:five percent (per cent),0.8℅ zero point eight percent (per cent).

8.表示有小数的词用基数词。

5.5 five point five

12.135 twelve point one three five

9.其他用法:

1)基数词+单数名词+形容词构成合成形容词。如:一个五岁的男孩 a five-year-old boy;

一座800米长的桥an 800-metre-long bridge;女子400米接力girls'400-metre relay race。

2)具体数词+metre(s)/kilometre(s)/kilo(s)long /high /tall /deep /away 等。如:长江长6300公里。The Changjiang River is 6,300 kilometres long.3)表示"几十岁"用序数词,eg. 在他三十几岁时in his thirties

4)倍数的表达:(一倍用once,两倍用twice,两倍以上用基数词+times。如:5倍five times)。

例如:He is as tall a boy as I.

He is a head taller than I .

He is two years older than I

China is four times as large as Europe.

I am twice as old as you. (=I am twice older than you. /I am twice the age of you.)

My books are twice as many as yours.

China is four times larger than Europe.(=China is four times the size of Europe.)

I pay twice as much as it was worth.

I pay twice as much for the house.

例题解析:举一反三,学的更轻松!

1. _______ Chinese are looking for ways to learn English well before Beijing 2008 Olympic.

相关文档
最新文档