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2019 英语六级阅读模拟试题及答案（3）Passage One
Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.
Caught in a squeeze between the health needs of aging
populations on one hand and the financial crisis on the other,
governments everywhere are looking for ways to slow the
growth in health-care spending. Increasingly, they are
looking to the generic-drugs ( 普通药物) industry as a savior.
In November Japan's finance ministry issued a report
complaining that the country's use of generics was less than
a third of that in America or Britain. In the same month
Canada's competition watchdog criticized the country's
pharmacies for failing to pass on the savings made possible
by the use of generic drugs. That greed, it reckoned, costs
taxpayers nearly C$1 billion a year.
Then on November 28th the European Commission issued the
preliminary results of its year-long probe into drug giants
in the European Union. The report reached a damning~, though
provisional, conclusion ：the drugs firms use a variety of
unfair strategies to protect their expensive drugs by
delaying the entry of cheaper generic opponents. Though this
initial report does not carry the force of law (a final
report is due early next year), it has caused much
controversy. Neelie Kroes, the EU's competition commissioner,
says she is ready to take legal action if the evidence allows.
One strategy the investigators criticize is the use of
the "patent duster( 专利群)". A firm keen to defend its drug
due to go off-patent may file dozens or hundreds of new
patents, often of dubious merit, to confuse and terrify potential copycats and maintain its monopoly. An unnamed drugs firm once took out 1,300 patents across the EU on a single drug. The report also suggests that out-of-court settlements between makers of patented drags and generics firms may be a strategy used by the former to delay market entry by the latter.
According to EU officials, such misdeeds -have delayed the arrival of generic competition and the accompanying savings. On average, rite report estimates, generics arrived seven months after a patented drug lost its protection,
though where the drug was a big seller the lag was four months. The report says taxpayers paid about q 3 billion more than they would have-had the generics gone on sale immediately.
But hang on a minute, Though many of the charges of bad behavior leveled at the patented-drugs industry by EU investigators may well be true, the report seems to let the generics industry off the hook( 钩子) too lightly. After all, if the drugs giants stand accused, in effect, of bribing opponents to delay the launch of cheap generics, shouldn't
the companies that accepted those "bribes" also share the blame?
56. Why are governments around the world seeking ways to reduce their health-care spending?
A) They consider the generic-drugs industry as a savior.
B) They are under the double pressure of aging group and financial crisis.
C) Health-care spending has accounted too large proportion.
D) Health-care spending has cost taxpayers too much income.
57. What can we learn from the report issued by the European Commission?
A) Drug firm will use just ways to protect their drags.
B) Cheaper generic drugs are easy to enter market,
C) The report has come to an ultimate conclusion.
D) The final report may lead to commissioner's legal action.
58. The investigators seriously condemned the drug firms for__________.
A) they do not let their opponents to resort to the comet
B) they use clusters of patents to protect their products
C) they bribe the cheaper generic opponents
D) trey do not pass on the savings made by use of generic drugs
59. On average, the genetics will be delayed to enter the market by __________.
A) seven months
B) three months
C) four months
D) eleven months
60. Which of the following accords with the author's view?
A) Charges on patented-drug industry are anything but true.
B) Generics industry is a sheer victim in the competition.
C) Only drug giants are to blame.
D) Exclusion of generics industry from taking responsibility
is questionable.
56．B)。定位 由题干中的 governments 及 seeking ways to
reduce the health-care spending 定位到文章第一段第一句： Caught in a squeeze between the health needs of aging populations on
one hand and the financial crisis on the other ，governments
everywhere are looking for ways to slow the growth in health-
care spending ．
解 推理判断题。由定位句可知，各国政府一方面面临老龄化人群
的健康需求，另一方面受到金融危机的影响，所以都在寻求减少医疗 保健开支的途径， B)符合题意。第一段第二句提到 they are looking to the genetic-drugs industry as a savior ，但是普通药物仅各
国政府减少开支的一个方法，并不是他们这么做的原因，故排除 A)；C) 的说法在文中没有提及；本段最后一句提到 That greed ? costs
taxpayers nearly C $1 billion a year ．这里是说药店的贪心导致
纳税人受损，并不是说保健花费的问题，故排除 D)。
57．D)。定位 由题干中的 the report issued by the European
Commission 定位到文章第二段第一句： Then on November 28th the
European Commission issued the preliminary results ．．．
题
。
定
位句提
到，
1
1
月个告，下文行描述，由第二段最后一句 Neelie Kroes ，the EU's competition commissioner ，
says she is
ready to take legal action if the evidence allows ．可推断如果
证据充足，委员们会采取行动， D)符合题意。第二段第二句提到 the
drugs firms use a variety of unfair strategies to protect
their expensive drugs by delaying the entry of cheaper
generic opponents ，可见药物公司使用了不公平的竞争手段，推迟普
通药物的上市，故排除 A)、B)；该句前半句提到 The report reached
a damning ，though provisional ，conclusion ? ，可见该报告的结论
仅仅暂时的，并不是最终结论(ultimate conclusion)
，故排除 C)。 58．B)。定位 由题干中的 The investigators seriously
condemned the drug firms 定位到文章第三段第一句： 0ne strategy
the investigators criticize is the use of the patent
c l u s t e 利群 ) ”。 推理。由定位句可品公司是
其利利个策略专利， B)符
合题意。 A)的表述在文中并未提及，故排除；最后一段最后一句虽然 提到 bribing opponents to delay the launch of cheap genetics ， 但是作者没有说这是研究者们强烈谴责的方法，故排除 C)；第一段倒 数第二句提到 Canada ’s competition watchdog criticized the country ’s pha rmacies for failing to pass on the savings 。可 见这里受到谴责的是加拿大的药店，不是所有药品公司，故排除 D)。
59．A)。定位 根据题干中的 on average ，the genetics will
be delayed 定位到文章第四段第二句： 0n average ，the report
estimates ，genetics arrived seven months after a patented
drug lost its protection ，though where the drug Was a big
seller the lag Was four months ． 题。由定位句可知，平，物物
失效 7 个月后才能上市
，
A
中没有提及；文中提到了 four months ，但指的是畅销药品被推迟的时 间，而不是平均的，故排除 C)。
60．D)。定位根据题干中的author's view 定位到文章最后一
段第二句：Though many of the charges of bad behavior leveled
at the patented —drugs industry by EU investigators may well
be true ，the report seems to let the generics industry off
the hook( 钩子)too lightly ．
详解观点态度题。由定位句可知，作者认为欧盟调查员们对专利药物行业的控诉是准确的，但不应让普通制药行业太轻易地逃脱责任，因为它们有可能接受了专利药物行业的贿赂，所以作者认为普通药物行业同样需对此承担责任，D)符合题意。由定位句可知，作者同意调查员们对专利药物行业的看法，A)中的anything but true 的说法太
绝对，故排除；作者认为普通药物行业也应该承担责任，可见它并不完全是个受害者，也不应该仅仅谴责制药大亨，故排除B)、C)。
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