科技英语阅读
EST Reading 1 EST Reading科技英语阅读 1. Main Features of EST科技英语的主要特点 ① Objectivity (客观性) 文学作品：描写生动，文字优美，而内容大都是人们曾经有过的经历或类似情况，人们读了之后会产生共鸣，而加以欣赏。 科技文章：传授知识，提供不具备或者是不全面具备的新的科技内容，因而着重文章的科学性、事实性和客观性，体现科学工作者的非主观的科学态度。 试比较：描写大海(文学作品) Break, break, break, On thy cold grey stones, O sea! And I would that my tongue could utter The thought that arise in me. ---- A. Tennyson 描写大海(科技文章) A sea is smaller than an ocean, and may be more or less landlocked. As powerful agents of corrosion (侵蚀), sea waves carrying gritty sediment (沉淀物) can cut into rock and wear down coastlines. ② Clarity (明确性) 科技文章一般不用意义含糊、会引起误解的词汇和表达方式。 --in a couple of days --in two or three days (better) 在语法结构方面，科技文章里的句子一般都结构比较严密，条理比较清楚，很少有结构上模棱两可的情况。 There are many problems concerning the project to be discussed at the meeting. (可能产生歧义) --将在会上讨论的计划，是有很多问题的。 --关于这计划，有许多问题要在会上讨论。 How to rewrite? --将在会上讨论的计划，是有很多问题的。The project to be discussed at the meeting has many problems in it. --关于这计划，有许多问题要在会上讨论。The project has in it many problems to be discussed at the meeting. ③ Accuracy (准确性) 科技文章要求内容准确、结构严密、概念清楚。文字不必讲究华丽，但内容必须表达无误，体现出科技文章的科学、严谨的性质。 --one fifth of the whole （better） --a small part of the whole ④ Formality (正式性) 科技文章的科学、严谨的性质，以及语言客观、明确、准确的特点，决定了其正式的文体风格。 …正在改建中 …is under reconstruction (more formal) …is being reconstructed
The Ways to Achieve Objectivity & Formality ① The Use of Nouns and Noun Phrases (使用名词和名词短语) Cf. EST Reading 2 --in case of the power interruption (better in an EST writing) --in case the power is interrupted Cf. --If the pressure is decreased, the boiling point of water will become lower. --A decrease in pressure will bring the boiling point of water lower. (better in an EST writing) Cf. --People are all familiar with heat causing metals to expand. (better in an EST writing) --People are all familiar with the fact that heat causes metals to expand. ② The Use of Passive Voice (使用被动语态) Cf. -- Madame Curie is one of the world’s greatest woman scientists and will always be remembered as the discoverer of radium. (better in an EST writing) -- Madame Curie is one of the world’s greatest woman scientists and people will always remember her as the discoverer of radium. ③ The Use of Anticipatory “it” (使用先行词it) 科技文献中常见it is…that/to do句型。 It is stated/ evident/ necessary/ natural/ inevitable/ unavoidable that…/to do …
The Ways to Achieve Accuracy: ① Using Specific Expressions (使用更为明确的表述方式) 一词多义：通过某种方式限定该词在某句话中的具体含义。 Cf. 统计价值以数字表示 --The statistical values are given in figures. -- The statistical values are given in numerical figures. (more specific) (figure: 数字；图表) 多词近义：选取最为准确的词汇。 --The reflected light was taken in by the transducer . -- The reflected light was absorbed by the transducer . (more specific) 专业词汇的使用。 专业词汇严谨、规范、词义单一、使用范围狭窄。有很大一部分由源于希腊语和拉丁语的词缀和词素构成。这两种语言自十九世纪以来变成了一种形态和词义上不再起变化的死语言，但其构词能力很强的基本词缀和词素符合科技术语概念准确、形式固定、一词一义的客观需要。 eg. hydroxide(氢氧化物)，isotope (同位素)，etc. ② Using Statistics and Figures (使用数据和图表) 数字和图表的使用，使得科技文章的读者能够更加准确、直观的获得相关信息。
2. Technical/ Semi-Technical Words 科技、半科技专业术语 I. Technical Words : 不同专业中使用的专业技术词汇。 它们严谨、规范、词义单一、使用范围狭窄，而且多是国际上通用的。 随着科技发展，新词不断出现。 Features： ① Highly Specialized in Meaning (意义高度专业化) EST Reading 3 --biorhythm 生物节奏 --turbo-prop engine 涡轮浆发动机 --hypercharge 超荷量 --chlorophyll 叶绿素 --cumulonimbus 积雨云 ② The Use of Prefixes and Suffixes (前缀后缀的使用) 科技英语的三大构词手段：派生法、复合法和转化法。 加前后缀的派生法是一种重要手段。 词缀在科技英语中的出现频率远比其它英语文体高。 词缀有很大一部分源于希腊语和拉丁语。广泛用于创造术语。 前缀主要用来改变词义。 后缀则不仅改变词义，也能改变词类。 --predecarbonization = pre- + de- + carbon + -ize + -tion (预先 + 去掉 + 碳 + 化 + 名词词尾 )预脱碳 --magnetohydrodynamics = magneto- + hydro- + dynamics (磁 + 水，流体 + 动力学 )电磁流体动力学 英语构词法对科技人员词汇量扩充有着特别的意义，英语构词常用的前缀、后缀等，对科技人员来说是必须熟悉的。
科技英语中常见前缀举例： “亚，下，外”：sub-, hypo-, infra-, etc. --subsonic 亚音速的 --hypotension 血压过低 --infranics 红外线电子学 “内”：endo-, intra-, etc. --endothermic 吸热的 --intramolecular 分子内的 “外”：ex-, exo-, extra-, etc. --exterior 外部的 --exosphere 外大气层 --extraneous 局外的 “初，原始”：proto- --protozoic 原生动物的 --protocluster 原星团 --protovirus 原始病毒 “非，不，无”：a-, anti-, de-, dis-, in-, non-, un-, etc. --atypical 非典型的 --antibacterial 抗菌的 --dehydration 脱水 --disimmune 免疫性消失的 --nonlinear 非线性的 “微小的，微观的”：micro- --microwave 微波 --microscope 显微镜 “大的，宏观的”：macro- --macrograph 宏观图
初三科技促进英语阅读理解20题
初三科技促进英语阅读理解20题1<背景文章>Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming more and more popular in our daily lives. It can be found in many fields, such as education, healthcare, and transportation. For example, in education, AI can help students learn better by providing personalized learning plans. In healthcare, AI can assist doctors in diagnosing diseases and predicting the risk of diseases. In transportation, AI can be used to develop self-driving cars, which can make our travel safer and more convenient.AI is also widely used in our daily communication. For instance, many chatbots are powered by AI. They can answer our questions and have conversations with us. Moreover, some translation apps use AI technology to translate texts accurately and quickly. With the help of these apps, we can communicate with people from different countries easily.In addition, AI is playing an important role in entertainment. Some video games use AI to create more realistic game environments and opponents. And some music apps can recommend songs based on our listening habits.AI has brought many benefits to our lives. However, it also raises some concerns. For example, some people worry that AI may replacehuman workers and cause unemployment. Others are concerned about the privacy and security issues related to AI.1. What can AI do in education?A. Teach students directly.B. Provide personalized learning plans.C. Replace teachers.D. Do nothing.答案：B。
科技英语阅读理解35篇
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解理读阅语英技科
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.enicidem deiduts nosimeJ eaM .D .ytisrevinU drofnatS ta ymonortsa deiduts nosimeJ eaM .C .amabalA ni pu thguorb saw nosimeJ eaM .B .suomaf emoceb ot erised gnorts a dah nosimeJ eaM .A ?eurt si stnemetats gniwollof eht fo hcihW .2 tekcor a ylf ot elba saw ehs retfa did nosimeJ eaM tahw .D esir ot snigeb ekat yeht tekcor eht nehw leef yllausu elpoep eht woh .C tuanortsa na emaceb nosimeJ eaM woh .B tuanortsa na emaceb ehs nehw saw nosimeJ eaM deticxe woh .A .______ tuoba si hpargarap tsrif ehT .1 . seitinutroppo rieht fo tsom eht ekam dna ⑥ drah yduts ohw seitironim rehto dna snaciremA-nacirfA rof sreerac gnisimorp reffo ygolonhcet hgih ni sdleif rehto dna margorp ecaps eht taht sretroper ot denialpxe ehS .noisivelet dna repapswen morf noitnetta fo laed doog a deviecer nosimeJ eaM ,tuanortsa ytironim a sa detceles gnieb retfA .ASAN saw os dna ,ydaer saw nosimeJ eaM ,ssecorp noitacilppa sti denepoer yllanif ti nehW .raey a tuoba rof stuanortsa wen yna ni ekat ton did ASAN . draoba lla gnillik ,dedolpxe elttuhs ecaps regnellahC ⑤ eht ,6891 ni ,nehT .lufsseccus ton saw ASAN ot noitacilppa tsrif s’nosimeJ eaM .srats eht rof hcaer ot dediced ehs taht neht saw ti dnA .enicidem ecitcarp ot ainrofilaC ni delttes ehs ,setatS detinU eht ot denruter yllanif nosimeJ .rD nehW .sproC ecaeP eht htiw rotcod a sa acirfA tseW ni sraey eerht tneps ehS .dnaliahT ni pmac eegufer a ④ ni dekrow neht ,spirt yduts no ayneK dna abuC ot tnew ehs ,tneduts lacidem a llits elihW .rotcod a emoceb ot dediced ehs ,srehto pleh oT .ytisrevinU drofnatS ta yrotsih dna erutluc naciremA — nacirfA dna gnireenigne lacimehc deiduts ehs ,ogacihC ni desiar tub ,amabalA ni nroB .elpoep rehto pleh ot erised gnorts a dah osla ehS .doohdlihc morf reh detanicsaf—ymonortsa yllaicepse— ecneicS ?nosrep laiceps a hcus emoceb ot pu worg nosimeJ eaM did woH ”.sklaw ecaps ro ,seitivitca ralucihev-artxe sdaolyap eht hcnual pleh ot ,tibro otni od ot osla dna ,setilletas ro ③ teg uoy ecno stnemirepxe eht od ot ,setarepo ti woh dna elttuhs eht htiw railimaf eb ot era ytilibisnopser“ reh taht syas nosimeJ tuanortsa ,noissim 1991 eht nO .knat ytivargitna eguh a ni sklaw sselthgiew dna snossel lavivrus-retaw sedulcni taht margorp gniniart raey-eno a etelpmoc tsum yehT .llat sehcni ruof teef xis dna teef evif neewteb dnats tsum yehT .thgiseye doog dna erusserp doolb lamron htiw yhtlaeh dna tif eb tsum yehT .eerged ecneics evah tsum setadidnac tuanortsA .margorp gniniart tuanortsa s’ASAN rof detceles saw ehs nehw eerht-ytriht saw nosimeJ eaM .tcejorp hcraeser naciremA — esenapaJ tnioj a ,J — balecapS no tsilaiceps a sa evres ot si ehS .2991 rebmetpeS ni ”ylf“ ot deludehcs si nosimeJ , )ASAN( noitartsinimdA ② ecapS dna scituanoreA lanoitaN eht ta gniniart-ni-tuanortsa elamef naciremA-nacirfA tsrif ehT .7891 ecnis rof gnikrow dna gnitiaw neeb sah nosimeJ eaM tnemom eht si sihT .esir ot snigeb tekcor ruoy dna ,og tel smsinahcem gnikcod eht sa hcrul a leef ① uoY .senigne eguh eht ni setingi leuf tekcor sa trats elbmur peed a ,uoy htaeneb ,nehT ”,eno ,owt ,eerhT ”,ylwols nwod gnitnuoc temleh ruoy edisni enohprae eht no eciov a raeh uoy sa tnemeticxe htiw gnitaeb traeh ruoy leef uoY .uoy fo tnorf ni tneb seenk ruoy htiw ,riahc a otni depparts ,kcab ruoy no gniyl era uoy enigamI nosimeJ eaM .1
科技英语阅读李健答案
科技英语阅读李健答案【篇一：科技英语阅读(李健版)翻译u3】物的适应性植物为了生存也必须像人类和动物一样适应周边的环境。
生存就意味着竞争，我们很难想象植物之间的竞争，但它往往又存在的。
首先，不同的植物之间会争夺阳光、空气、土壤和水。
其次，植物也会与那些吃它或者威胁到它生存环境的人类和动物竞争。
再次，植物所处的环境也可能也是有敌对性的或者不利于植物生长的。
怎样才能有足够的阳光、水分、空气和土壤？气温的冷热就是植物生长的主要因素吗？光对于植物来说是最基本的，尤其是对于绿色植物来说。
绿色植物在光下能制造养分——这是一种被称为光合作用的过程，而光也能影响水分蒸发的速率和花的形成。
温度也是必须考虑的因素。
对于大多数植物来说，所处的温度低于一度或者高于四十三度都将对其造成严重的损伤甚至死亡。
而温度也直接影响了种子的萌芽以及开花，当然温度也决定了它们的地理分布。
没有水植物也是无法生存的。
有些植物的生长过程需要大量的水分，因此潮湿的空气、大量的降水以及溪流湖泊和湿润的土壤对于植物都是重要的。
大多数植物需要有足够空气。
大气中所包含的一些必要的气体包括：氧气、二氧化碳、水蒸气和氮气。
空气移动所产生的风对于植物也有很大影响。
风有助于传播花粉、孢子和种子从而将它们播种在各种地方，但强风也有可能折断或者损害植物，尤其是大树。
而大风吹走了一些有养分的土壤，也会加快水分的蒸发甚至使植物缺水。
土壤对于陆生植物来说是必不可少的。
大部分植物生长在自然土壤里：其中包含着它的湿度、酸度、矿物成分、含氧量。
植物生长也会受到其他竞争生物的影响。
它必须能适应寄生菌、饥饿的鸟类、牛羊等食用叶子的动物，但植物也需要动物帮助传播花粉以及播洒种子。
有树叶和枝干的树以及灌木向我们展示了它们的适应性，这也告诉了我们植物是怎样获得最大量的光和空气的。
和那些山毛榉树、榆树、橡树、苹果树和栗子树一样，它们有一些芽最初是垂直生长的然而另一些却变成了水平生长。
为了能得到最多的阳光，一些垂直生长的枝芽会螺旋缠绕生长以至于不会遮挡到自己下边的叶子。
科技英语阅读与翻译全文
科技英语阅读与翻译全文Humanitarian Aid in SpaceSpace exploration technology will benefit developing countries in a variety of ways. Whether it's information about climate change or communication technologies that give remote areas access to the world outside, space science can come to the aid of vulnerable people in many countries.For the past two decades, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) has been sending humanitarian aid dispatched from its space platform. This ambitious project has proved successful, and it’s been praised for its achievements in various aspects.The two strategic areas set forth for JAXA’s humanitarian aid effort are science and education. JAXA’s donations of books and puzzle sets are enabling elementary and junior high school kids in India to study science and math. There are plans to utilize remote sensing data to map out natural resources in Nepalese countryside and expand education related to environmental issues in Vietnam. In addition the agency is sending educational videos to the island nation of Palau tobetter understand their own local wildlife.JAXA is considered to be a pioneer in this area since the launch of their humanitarian aid initiative in 1997. The organization strives to make use of space applications for social welfare and reduce disparities in the world through a number of practical endeavors. The effort currently has a global reach, with projects taking place in seven continent, from Latin America to Africa.JAXA’s humanitarian aid programs will continue to grow with better technology and increased resources. The ongoing work reinforces the concept that space science and technology have the potential to contribute to enhancing the lives of people on Earth.人道主义援助在太空太空探索技术将在各个方面受益于发展中国家。
中考科技创新教育英语阅读理解25题
中考科技创新教育英语阅读理解25题1<背景文章>Artificial intelligence (AI) is playing an increasingly important role in the field of education. One of the most significant applications is intelligent tutoring systems. These systems can provide personalized learning experiences for students, adapting to their individual needs and learning styles.For example, an intelligent tutoring system can analyze a student's performance on quizzes and assignments and then provide targeted feedback and additional practice materials. It can also adapt the difficulty level of the content to ensure that the student is challenged but not overwhelmed.Another application of AI in education is personalized learning. By analyzing a student's learning history and preferences, AI can recommend learning resources and activities that are tailored to their interests and abilities. This can help students stay engaged and motivated in their learning.In addition, AI-powered chatbots can answer students' questions and provide support outside of class hours. This can be especially helpful for students who may be shy or hesitant to ask questions in class.Overall, AI has the potential to revolutionize education by providing more personalized and effective learning experiences for students.1. What is one of the significant applications of AI in education?A. Online courses.B. Intelligent tutoring systems.C. Traditional textbooks.D. Group study.答案：B。
六年级现代科技英语阅读理解20题
六年级现代科技英语阅读理解20题1<背景文章>Smartphones have become an essential part of our lives. They are not just devices for making calls or sending messages. Smartphones can do so much more.They have powerful cameras that allow us to take beautiful pictures and record videos. We can also use them to listen to music, watch movies, and play games.Moreover, smartphones are very useful for learning. There are many educational apps that can help students with their studies. They can learn languages, do math problems, and read books on their smartphones.Smartphones also make it easier for us to stay connected with our friends and family. We can use social media apps to share our thoughts and experiences with others. We can also video call them no matter where we are.1. Smartphones are not only used for making calls and sending messages but also for _______.A. taking picturesB. doing homeworkC. playing sportsD. reading newspapers答案：A。
科技英语阅读课后答案
科技英语阅读课后答案【篇一：科技英语阅读习题答案汇总】tions: reorder the disordered parts of a sentence to make a complete sentence.1) facebook allows anyone who declares themselves to be aged 13 or older to become amember of the website.2) the websites membership was initially limited by the founders to harvard students, but wasexpanded to other colleges in the boston area, the ivy league, and stanford university.3) facebook later expanded membership eligibility to employees of several companies,including apple inc. and microsoft.4) the media often compares facebook to myspace, but one significant difference between thetwo websites is the level of customization.5) the patent may encourage facebook to pursue action against websites that violate the patent,which may potentially include websites such as twitter.4. directions: change the following sentences into nominalized ones.1) network security has become a major concern for organizations and individuals.2) for these reasons, making an operating system ready and available is helpful.3) the security policy development process may also involve the identification of protection.4) rather, it is a brief description of a number of important product features, such as the input method, network connectivity, operating system, and database capabilities.5) while formulating the interview plan, designers should work closely with project stakeholders who have access to users.unit 43. directions:1) given that robots generally lack muscles, they cant rely on muscle memory (the trickthat allows our bodies to become familiar over time with movements such as walking or breathing) to help them more easily complete repetitive tasks.2) for autonomous robots, this can be a bit of a problem, since they may have toaccommodate changing terrain in real time or risk getting stuck or losing their balance.3) one way around this is to create a robot that can process information from a variety ofsensors positioned near its ―legs‖ a nd identify different patterns as it moves, a team of researchers report sunday in nature physics.4) some scientists rely on small neural circuits called central pattern generators (cpg) tocreate walking robots that are aware of their surroundings.5) bernstein center for computational neuroscience researcher poramate manoonpongand max planck institute for dynamics and self-organization researcher marc timme are leading a project that has created a six-legged robot with one cpg that can switch gaits depending upon the obstacles it encounters.4. directions: change the following sentences into the passive-voice ones. 1) a novel twist is introduced on this traditional approach (by the new field of experimentalphilosophy).2) the search to unders tand people’s ordinary intuitions is continued (by experimentalphilosophers).3) this is accomplished by using the methods of contemporary cognitive science—experimental studies, statistical analyses, cognitive models, and so forth.4) just in the past year or so, this new approach has been being applied (by a number ofresearchers) to the study of intuitions about consciousness.5) how people think about the mind can be better understood by by studying how peoplethink about three different types of abstract entities.unit 7 genetic engineering2. directions: complete the sentences with the words given in the brackets. change the form ifnecessary.1) restriction enzyme is an endonuclease that cuts dna at sites defined by its recognition sequence.dna限制内切酶是一种酸内切酶，它能够在其识别序列指定的部位切割dna。
初三英语阅读理解之科技应用20题
初三英语阅读理解之科技应用20题1<背景文章>Artificial intelligence (AI) is making significant inroads into the field of medicine. In the medical field, AI is being used in various ways. For example, it can analyze medical images such as X-rays, CT scans, and MRIs with high accuracy. AI algorithms can detect abnormalities and diseases that might be missed by human eyes.Moreover, AI can help in diagnosing diseases. By analyzing large amounts of patient data, including symptoms, medical history, and test results, AI can provide accurate diagnoses and treatment recommendations. This not only saves time but also improves the accuracy of diagnoses.In addition, AI is being used in drug discovery. It can analyze vast amounts of biological data to identify potential drug targets and predict the effectiveness of new drugs. This can significantly speed up the drug development process.The future of AI in medicine looks extremely promising. As technology continues to advance, AI is expected to play an even greater role in healthcare. It may lead to more personalized medicine, where treatments are tailored to the specific needs of individual patients.1. What can AI do in the medical field?A. Only analyze medical images.B. Only help in diagnosing diseases.C. Analyze medical images and help in diagnosing diseases.D. None of the above.答案：C。
中考科技创新英语阅读理解30题
中考科技创新英语阅读理解30题1. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The history of technological innovation.B. The importance of technology in education.C. The application of technological innovation in daily life.D. The future of technological innovation.答案：C。
本题为主旨大意题。
文章围绕科技创新在日常生活中的应用展开，A 选项历史在文中未提及；B 选项教育中的科技重要性并非文章重点；D 选项未来的科技创新也不是文章主要内容。
2. According to the passage, which of the following is an example of technological innovation in daily life?A. Reading books.B. Writing letters.C. Using smartphones.D. Drawing pictures.答案：C。
本题为细节理解题。
智能手机是科技创新在日常生活中的例子，A 读书、B 写信、D 画画都不是科技创新的例子。
3. The author mentions smart home devices to illustrate ______.A. the convenience of technological innovation.B. the high cost of technological innovation.C. the complexity of technological innovation.D. the danger of technological innovation.答案：A。
中考科技与创新英语阅读理解30题
中考科技与创新英语阅读理解30题1<背景文章>Artificial intelligence (AI) is playing an increasingly important role in the field of healthcare. In recent years, AI has made remarkable progress in disease diagnosis and drug development.AI-powered diagnostic tools can analyze large amounts of medical data, including patient symptoms, medical images, and laboratory test results. By using machine learning algorithms, these tools can detect patterns and anomalies that may be difficult for human doctors to identify. For example, AI can help diagnose diseases such as cancer, heart disease, and diabetes at an early stage, when treatment is more effective.In drug development, AI can accelerate the process by predicting the effectiveness of potential drugs and reducing the time and cost of clinical trials. AI can also help researchers identify new drug targets and design more personalized treatment plans.The application of AI in healthcare is not without challenges. One of the main concerns is the accuracy and reliability of AI algorithms. There is also a need for strict regulatory frameworks to ensure the safety and privacy of patient data.Despite these challenges, the potential of AI in healthcare is enormous.As technology continues to advance, we can expect to see even more innovative applications of AI in the field of medicine.1. What can AI-powered diagnostic tools analyze?A. Only patient symptoms.B. Only medical images.C. Only laboratory test results.D. Patient symptoms, medical images, and laboratory test results.答案：D。