被动语态练习

默写 作文 composition 叫做，名为 call 明亮的，光线 light 距离distance 远古的，古老的 ancient 世界奇迹 a wonder of the world 对„作评论 do some reviews about 五分钟后，在五分钟内 in five minutes 往下看 look down 尽可能快的 as soon as possible 能、会做某事 be able to do 那是一个非常棒的主意 That’s a fantastic idea. 上节回顾练习 1. Last month, the school set up a special class.(注意时态) 变为被动语态：Last month, a special class was set up in the school. 根据被动语态变为否定句：Last month, a special class was no set up in the school. 根据被动语态变为一般疑问句：Was a special class set up in the school last month?. 2. We have bought a new computer. (注意时态) 变为被动语态：A new computer has been bought. 根据被动语态变为否定句：A new computer has not been bought. 根据被动语态变为一般疑问句：Has a new computer been bought? 语态转换时所注意的问题 1. 把主动语态变为被动语态时，其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态保持一致，其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。 2. 含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可以把间接宾语变主语，保留直接宾语，也可以把直接宾语变主语，保留间接宾语。 My uncle gave me（间接宾语） a pen（直接宾语）on my birthday. I was given a pen on my birthday. A pen was given to me yesterday. 如果把直接宾语(指物)改为主语，则在间接宾语(指人)前加适当的介词to 或for， 注意：1.一般在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前用介词 to，如： bring, give, lend, offer, pay, sell, show, teach, tell 等。 (1) The book was showed to the class. (2) 我的单车被借给她了。My bike was lent to her. 2.一般在下列动词后，间接宾语前用介词 for, 常翻译为“为了谁”如： build, buy, cook, cut, do, find, get, keep, make, play, sing 等。 (1) A new skirt was made for me. (2) The meat was cooked for us. (3) 一些音乐是为我们而唱的。Some songs was sung for us. 3. 由动词+ 介词或副词构成的短语动词，要把它们作为整体看，即把它们看成一个及物动词，介词或副词不可拆开或漏掉。这类动词有： 不及物动词+ 介词，如: agree to, ask for, laugh at, listen to, look after, think of, talk about 等。 The problem is solved. It needn't be talked about. (情态动词，没有必要) 这只猫应该被仔细地照顾。The cat should be looked after carefully. 及物动词+ 副词：如：find out, give up, hand in, pass on, point out, put off, think over, turn down, work out等。 The sports meeting will be put off because of the bad weather 他的收音机被关小了。His radio was turned down. 判断句子的正确性： （对 ）The old men in China are taken good care of. ( 错 ) Xiao ming is often laughed by some boys. (应该加at) 4.把下列句子改为被动语态 (1) We always keep the classroom clean. → The classroom is always kept clean. (2) She told us to follow her advice. →We were told to follow her advice. 注意：在see, watch, hear, notice, listen to, look at, make, feel等动词后可接不带 to的不定式，但在被动语态中被省略的to要加上去，如 We often hear him play the guitar. → He is often heard to play the guitar. Tom made the girl cry just now. → The girl was made to cry by Tom just now. We saw Tom enter the office. → Tom was seen to enter the office (by us) 5. 当主动句的主语是nobody, no one等含有否定意义的不定代词时，被动句中将其变为anybody, 作by的宾语，并将谓语动词变为否定的被动语态。如： Nobody can answer this question. 正确：The question can not be answered by anybody. 6. 当否定句中的宾语是anything, anybody, anyone等不定代词时，在被动句中应将其分别变为nothing, nobody, no one作主语，并将谓语动词变为肯定的被动语态。如： They haven't done anything to make the river clean. 正确：Nothing has been done to make the river clean. 7. 有些动词既是及物又是不及物，当它们和well, badly, easily等副词连用时，表示主语内在品质或性能，是不及物动词，用主动表示被动，这时不用被动语态，常见的有：write, read, clean, sell, cook 等。如： (1)The new product sells well. 这新产品很畅销。 对比：The books sell well. (主动句) The books were sold out. (被动句) The meat didn’t cook well. (主动句) The meat was cooked for a long time. (被动句) 8. 下列情况主动句不能改为被动句： 第一，感官系动词一般用主动形式表示被动意义，如：feel，look, seem, taste, sound, remain等。 (1)— Do you like the clothes? — Yes, it feels very soft. 误：It is felt very soft. (2)The food tastes delicious. 误：The food is tasted delicious. (3)The pop music sounds beautiful. 误：The pop music is sounded beautiful. 第二，不及物动词没有被动语态，如：happen, die, begin, snow, rain, cry,等。 判断句子 （对 ） The story happened in London. （错 ） The story was happened in London. （对 ） The film began ten minutes ago. （错 ） The film was began ten minutes ago. 9.在英语中一般可用被动结构来表达客观情况，例如： 据说„„ It is said that „ 据报导„„ It is reported that „ 据推测„/ 大家认为„ It is supposed that „ 大家希望„„ It is hoped that „ 众所周知„„ It is well known that „ 大家相信„„ It is believed that „ 1) 众所周知，Thomas Edison 发明了电灯。 It is well known that Thomas Edison invented the electric lamp. 2) 据报导，明天将会下雨。 It is reported that it is going to rain tomorrow. 单选 ( ) 1 Japanese ___ in every country. A. is not spoken B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is not speaking ( ) 2 These papers___yet. A. have not written B. have not been written C. has not written D. has not been written ( ) 3 The sports meet ___ be held until next week. A. didn't B. won't C. isn't D. doesn't ( ) 1 -My shoes are worn out. A. Can't they be mended? B. Let me have a look at it. C. How much do they cost? D. Can't they mended? ( ) 2 ___ the watch been repaired yet? I badly need it. A. Does B. Has C. Is D . Are ( ) 3 ___ these desks be needed? A. Will B. Are C. Has D. Do ( ) 1 Why ___ to talk about it yesterday? A. didn't a meeting hold B. wasn't a meeting held C. wasn't held a meeting D. a meeting wasn't held ( ) 2 Who was the book___? A. write B. wrote C. written D. written by ( ) 3 Where ___ these boxes made? A. was B. were C. is D. am ( ) 1 The flowers ___ often.