不定式的时态和语态总结
初中英语语法知识精讲之不定式考点的归纳和总结

初中英语语法知识精讲之不定式考点的归纳和总结一、不定式的语法特点不定式可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。
不定式可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等,这是不定式语法特点之一。
下面我们一一列举:作主语不定式作主语通常表示目的或原因。
例如:"To be or not to be, that is the question."(生存还是毁灭,这是个问题。
)作宾语不定式作宾语通常表示目的或原因。
例如:"I need to study hard to pass the exam."(为了通过考试,我需要努力学习。
)作表语不定式作表语通常表示主语的状态或特征。
例如:"The sky is blue."(天空是蓝色的。
)作定语不定式作定语通常表示主语的特征或状态。
例如:"The book on the shelf is interesting."(书架上的书很有趣。
)作状语不定式作状语通常表示时间、地点、原因、方式等。
例如:"I will go to the park tomorrow."(我明天会去公园。
)不定式可以由动词原形、动名词、不定式符号to和主语构成。
不定式可以由动词原形、动名词、不定式符号to和主语构成,这是不定式语法特点之一。
下面我们一一列举:动词原形不定式可以由动词原形构成,例如:"I want to eat pizza."(我想吃披萨。
)动名词不定式也可以由动名词构成,例如:"She enjoys playing soccer."(她喜欢踢足球。
)不定式符号to不定式还可以由不定式符号to和主语构成,例如:"To be or not to be, that is the question."(生存还是毁灭,这是个问题。
)主语不定式还可以由主语构成,例如:"The teacher gave the students a task to complete."(老师给学生布置了一个任务完成。
高中英语非谓语知识总结

高中英语非谓语知识总结高中英语非谓语知识点动词不定式动词不定式(infinitive)是动词的一种非限定形式,即非谓语动词形式,它有两种形式:一种是“to + 动词原形”构成(to- infinitive);另一种是不带to 的不定式,即动词原形(bare- infinitive)。
所有行为动词都有不定式形式,其否定式是在不定式前加not。
动词不定式(或不定式短语)没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能作谓语。
(一)动词不定式的时态和语态动词不定式有一般式、进行式、完成式、完成进行式四种时态变化形式,一般式和完成式有被动语态变化形式。
1、不定式的时态意义不定式的时态是以句中谓语动词的时间为依据的(1)一般式表示的动作或状态通常发生在谓语动词之后或同时发生。
They made plans to live in Paris. 他们计划住在巴黎。
(to live 发生在made plans之后)(2)进行式表示其动作正在进行,与谓语动词发生的动作同时进行。
He pretended to be listening to me carefully. 他假装认真地听我讲。
注意:不定式的进行式常同may, might, can, could, must, need, ought to, should, will, would 等情态动词连用,表示“可能、应当或想必”正在进行的动作。
You oughtn’t to be talking so much. 你不应该说这么多。
He might be reading a novel at that time. 那时他可能正在读小说。
(3)不定式的完成时表达下列意义:A. 不定式的完成式所表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。
I am sorry to have kept you waiting. 对不起,让你久等了。
(to have kept发生在I am sorry所表示的时间之前)She is said to have just completed a novel. 据说她刚完成一部小说。
英语语法总结:非谓语动词之不定式

英语语法总结:非谓语动词之不定式1.定义:具有名词、形容词及副词性质并具有时态、语态变化。
2.形式:(以do为例)主动语态被动语态一般时to do to be done进行时to be doing完成时to have done to have been done完成进行时 to have been doing3.用法:(1)用作主语:To speak good English is not easy.or: It is not easy to speak good English.(采用形式主语it 以避免头重脚轻)It took me an hour to do the work.(2)用作宾语:She decided to take the examination.I hope to meet him soon.(3)宾语补足语:They expected us to help them.He wants his son to study hard.金牌重点:不定式作宾补,如谓语动词是感官动词,使役性动词(see, hear, notice, watch, make, have, let...),则不定式符号“to”须省略,但在被动语态中不能省。
I heard them sing in the classroom.I made her clean the room.The girl is heard to sing an English song.(4)用作表语:To teach is to learn.His job is to sell cars.(5)用作状语,表示目的,结果:We come to school to study English.(目的)= in order toI hurried to the store, only to find it closed.(结果)(6)定语:不定式短语作定语须位于名词之后。
动词不定式

• 不定式的时态与语态
• 1. 一般式to do 例如: • I like to read English. • 2. 进行式to be doing 例如: • He seemed to be reading something at that time. • 3. 完成式to have done 例如: • He seemed to have cleaned the room. • 4. 被动式to be done 例如: • The work is to be done soon. • 5. 完成被动式to have been done 例如: • The boy is said to have been sent to hospital yesterday.
Let me try!
1.My teacher was made _____ his teaching because of poor health. A.giving up B. to give up C. give up D. given up 2.The sentence wants ____ once more. A.explained B. to explain C. being explained D. to be explained
见P602,请牢记!!!
(4). 宾补
warn, tell, allow, help, ask, force等 P604
The teacher told me to clean the blackboard. I expect you to give me some help.
Tips
• 1. 注意:当不定式放在使役动词和感官动 词后面作宾语补语时,不定式不带to。 • 2. dislike 后面不可以接不定式做宾补,但 should dislike 可以(P604) • 3. hope,demand, suggest 等不可以接不 定式做宾补(P604) • 4. 关系代词/副词+to do (P604)
动词不定式

动词不定式动词不定式(The Infinitive)动词不定式有两种形式,带to的不定式和不带to的不定式(也称动词原形)。
不定式不能作句子的谓语,但它具有动词的一些特征,如:可以带有自己的宾语、状语及逻辑主语。
一、不定式的特征①及物动词的不定式可以跟宾语I like to read detective stories. 我喜欢读侦探故事。
It is important and necessary to master a foreign language and computer skills.掌握一门外语和电脑技能很重要也很有必要。
②可以被状语修饰He asked me to say my name aloud. 他让我大声说出我的名字。
I was told to drive the car carefully and slowly. 有人告诉我开车要小心,速度要慢。
③没有人称和数的变化:即不受主语的人称和单复数的限定或影响。
She likes to play the accordion. 她喜欢弹奏手风琴。
She liked to play the accordion when she was young. 她很小时就喜欢弹奏手风琴。
④不定式的逻辑主语用for或of引出It's important for us to look into the world. 放眼世界对我们来说很重要。
It's impolite of you to visit someone without telling him in advance.不提前告诉别人去拜访是很不礼貌的。
二、不定式的时态和语态不定式虽没有人称和数的变化,但所表达的动作仍具有时间先后性,具体形式如表:①不定式的一般式表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生或在其后发生。
She seems to know all, which makes her lose many friends.她似乎什么都知道,这使她失去了很多朋友。
史上最完整的动词不定式用法规律知识点总结

史上最完整的动词不定式用法规律知识点总结动词不定式是英语中的一种非谓语动词形式。
它可以充当名词、形容词或副词,具有广泛的用途和特定的语法规则。
本文将为您总结史上最完整的动词不定式用法规律知识点,帮助您更好地理解和运用这一语法结构。
一、动词不定式的基本结构动词不定式由“to + 动词原形”构成,例如:to study、to eat、to sleep 等。
它可以作为名词、形容词或副词在句子中进行修饰或起其他功能。
二、动词不定式作为名词动词不定式可以作为名词在句子中担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。
1. 作主语:To learn a foreign language is beneficial.学习一门外语是有益的。
2. 作宾语:She wants to go shopping.她想去购物。
3. 作表语:His dream is to become a doctor.他的梦想是成为一名医生。
4. 作同位语:His goal, to win the championship, motivates him to practice every day.为了赢得冠军,他每天都在努力。
三、动词不定式作为形容词动词不定式可以作为形容词修饰名词,通常在名词之前。
1. 修饰名词:I have a book to read.我有一本要读的书。
2. 修饰人:She is the person to ask for help.她是可以求助的人。
四、动词不定式作为副词动词不定式可以作为副词修饰动词、形容词或副词,表示目的、结果、原因等。
1. 修饰动词:He bought a new computer to play games.他买了一台新电脑来玩游戏。
2. 修饰形容词:She is too tired to continue working.她太累了,无法继续工作。
3. 修饰副词:He speaks English fluently enough to communicate with foreigners.他的英语说得足够流利,可以与外国人交流。
系统学习语法非谓语动词的时态与语态变化
系统学习语法非谓语动词的时态与语态变化语法非谓语动词是英语中的一个重要语法点,其时态与语态的变化是我们学习英语的基础。
本文将系统介绍语法非谓语动词的时态变化和语态变化,旨在帮助读者更好地理解和运用这一语法知识点。
一、时态变化1. 现在分词(Present Participle)的时态变化现在分词表示正在进行或同时发生的动作,其时态的变化相对简单,即在动词的原形(V1)后加-ing。
例如:- 我现在在读书。
I am reading now.2. 过去分词(Past Participle)的时态变化过去分词表示已经完成的动作或状态,其时态的变化需要根据不同的情况来判断。
- 若是规则动词,则在动词的原形(V1)后加-ed。
例如:- 我昨天洗了衣服。
I washed the clothes yesterday.- 若是不规则动词,则需要根据动词的不规则变化形式进行变化。
例如:- 我吃了晚饭。
I have eaten dinner.3. 动词不定式(Infinitive)的时态变化动词不定式表示目的或未来的动作,其时态的变化相对简单,即在动词的原形(V1)前加to。
例如:- 我打算明天去购物。
I plan to go shopping tomorrow.二、语态变化语态是英语中的一个重要语法点,包括主动语态和被动语态。
在非谓语动词中,语态的变化需要根据时态来确定。
1. 主动语态(Active Voice)的语态变化主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,变化相对简单,即保持非谓语动词的原形形式。
例如:- 我正在听音乐。
I am listening to music.2. 被动语态(Passive Voice)的语态变化被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,变化需要根据不同的时态来确定。
- 现在分词的被动语态变化为:be + being + 过去分词例如:- 她正在被教授指导。
She is being taught by the professor.- 过去分词的被动语态变化为:be + 过去分词例如:- 他被邀请参加宴会。
高中英语动词不定式语法知识点总结
高中英语动词不定式语法知识点总结动词不定式考向一不定式的作用1. 作主语:不定式作主语时,谓语用单数。
往往用it 作形式主语,把不定式放在谓语后面。
It took us two hours to finish the job.2. 作宾语(1)动词+不定式。
☞He managed to escape from the fire.☞I find it hard to get along with him. (it 作形式宾语)(2)动词+疑问词+to,"特殊疑问句+不定式"相当于名词,作宾语。
☞I don’t know what to do next/ how to do it next.不定式短语作宾语时,如果还带有宾语补足语,往往把不定式短语放在宾语补足语之后,用it 作形式宾语。
☞I find it necessary to learn a foreign language.3. 作宾语补足语(1)动词+宾语+不定式(to do )。
☞He warned me to be careful.注意:可以用动词不定式作宾补的动词有:ask,tell,order,want,get,would like,like,advise,invite,allowhelp,wish,warn,expect,would prefer,encourage。
(2)表见解、看法的动词结构可为:动词+宾语+ to be 的不定式结构。
☞We consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class.The book is believed to be useful.(被动语态)(3)There +不定式。
We didn’t expect there to be so many people there. 我们没料到会有那么多人在那里。
(4)在动词feel (一感),hear, listen to(二听),have, let, make(三让),notice, see, watch, observe, look at(五看)(即:吾看三室两厅一感觉)等后面的补足语中,不定式不带to,但变为被动语态后,必须带to。
高中英语知识点归纳动词不定式的用法和结构
高中英语知识点归纳动词不定式的用法和结构动词不定式是英语中的一种非谓语动词形式,由动词原形加上to构成。
它可以充当名词、形容词或副词,具有时态、语态和语气的特点。
在高中英语学习中,动词不定式的用法和结构非常重要。
本文将对其进行归纳总结。
一、动词不定式作主语动词不定式可以充当句子的主语,常见的结构有:1. It + be + 形容词 + 不定式作主语例如:- It is important to learn a foreign language.学习一门外语很重要。
- It is necessary to finish the task before deadline.在截止日期之前完成任务是必要的。
2. 不定式结构作主语例如:- To travel around the world is my dream.环游世界是我的梦想。
- To study hard is the key to success.努力学习是成功的关键。
二、动词不定式作宾语动词不定式可以作及物动词的宾语,常见的结构有:1. 动词 + 不定式作宾语例如:- I want to go shopping this weekend.这个周末我想去购物。
- She decided to take a break and relax.她决定休息一下,放松一下。
2. 常见的动词有:agree, hope, promise, refuse, plan, learn, wish等。
三、动词不定式作补语动词不定式可以作宾语补足语,常见的结构有:1. 动词 + 宾语 + 不定式作补足语例如:- They made him work overtime.他们让他加班工作。
- We find it interesting to solve puzzles.我们发现解谜很有趣。
2. 情态动词 + 动词原形作补足语例如:- He can't afford to buy a new car.他买不起新车。
高考不定式用法总结.
(1).They pretended not to see us.
(一般式表示与谓语的动作同时/几乎/发生在 它之后.)
(2). He pretended to be sleeping.
(在谓语动词发生的同时,不定式的动作也正在进行)
(3).She pretended to have known it before.
/ known /believed + to do/to be done /to be doing/to
have done / to have been doing 中作主语补足语。
The flu is believed_____t_o_b_e__c_a_u(sceaduse) by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.
• The teacher asked us__________(not make) so much noise.
• Bell was believed __________(invent) the telephone. • She is said ________(writen) oatbtooomk,abkuet I don’t know when
turned up yet. ③ In order to gain atobigmgeeertshare in the international market,
many state – run companies are striving _______(make) their products more competitive.
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不定式的时态和语态总结以下是小编为大家整理的不定式的用法总结,希望能帮助大家更好地认识不定式,提高英语水平。
不定式的时态。
动词不定式一般有三种时态形式,即一般式、进行式和完成式。
(1) 一般式(to+动词原形):表示与主句谓语动词动作同时(或几乎同时)发生或在主句谓语动词之后发生的事情。
例如:We’re happy to have you on our side.有你在我们这边我们很高兴。
I saw him go out.我看见他出去了。
( 不定式go out 与 see同时发生。
)They invited me to have dinner with them.他们邀请我和他们一起吃晚饭。
I hope to see you again.我希望再见到你(to see发生在hope之后)(2) 进行式(to be+现在分词):表示主句谓语的动作发生时,不定式动作正在进行。
例如:She’s said /believed to be living ne arby. 据说/据信她就住在附近。
When he came in, I happened to be sleeping in bed.他进来时,我碰巧正在床上睡觉。
They seem/appear to be enjoying themselves.看上去他们似乎很快活。
He pretended to be doing his homework when he heard his father’s sound他听见父亲的声音,假装正在做作业。
The president was reported to be visiting the hospital.据报道总统正在访问那家医院。
(3)完成式(to have+过去分词):表示在主句谓语的动作之前发生的事情。
:如:I’m glad to have met your parents here. 我很高兴在这儿见到了你父母(已见过)I’m sorry to have kept him waiting for me so long.我很抱歉让他等了我这样久。
(已经等过了)动词不定式的完成式和下列动词的过去时连用,表示过去没有实现的事情:plan, hope, expect, be, intend, mean, wish, 等。
注意一定是它们的过去时。
另外还有should/would like/love。
这个结构表示“本打算/想/计划…”的意思。
例如:The game were to have taken place in Room.比赛原计划在罗马举行。
He planned to have gone abroad last week. =He planned to go abroad but he didn’t. 他原计划上周出国的。
I’d l ike to have been offered the job and(to have been)given the opportunity to prove myself.我真想(当时)把这个工作给了我,给我个机会让我证明我自己。
同样的意思也可用上述动词的过去完成时加动词不定式的一般式来表达。
例如:I had hoped to visit the great pyramid. =I hoped to have visited the great pyramid. =I hoped to visit it, but I didn’t. 我本希望参观大金字塔的。
They would have liked to have your help. =They would like to have had your help. =They wanted to have your help but they didn’t have it. 他们本想得到你帮助的。
不定式的被动语态。
当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时,不定式一般要用被动形式。
不定式的被动形式有两种:一般式:to be+过去分词完成式:to have been+过去分词You’re lucky to have been accepted .你很幸运已经被接受了。
These criminals are to be hanged .这些罪犯是将被绞死的。
We’re glad to have been invited. 受到邀请我们很高兴。
What’s to be done next? 下一步做什么?It is an honor for me to be asked to speak here. 我很荣幸应邀在这里讲话。
为了避免重复,不定式可省略,但to有时保留,有时不保留。
例如:You will make it if you try (to). 如果你努力,你会成功的。
George says he is going to leave Shanghai, but I don’t think he really wants to. George说要离开上海,但是我不认为他真的愿意走。
Some of them retired, and others were ready to.一些人退休了,还有的准备退。
He always speaks faster than he needs to.他说话总是没必要的快。
I’d like to do it now, but I haven’t got the time (to). 我倒是想现在干,但没时间。
“Would you go there with me?” “I’m glad to.”“你愿意和我一起去吗?”“愿意。
”“Did you pass the exam?” “No, I tried (to), but I failed.”“你考试及格了吗?”“没有,我努力了,但没成功。
“Do you want to sing them an English song?” “I prefer not to.” “你愿意为他们唱首英文歌吗?”“我不想唱。
”You’d better sing an English song if they ask you (to) again.如果他们再要求你,你最后唱一首英文歌。
后面常省略不定式而保留to的结构,还有:used to 常常 be going to 打算mean to 打算 ought to 应该plan to 计划 want to 要想两个不定式由and, or, except, but, than 连接时,第二个可省略to,尤其是两个不定式紧密相连时。
如:I intend to call on him and discuss this question again,我打算去拜访他并和他谈谈这个问题。
I’d like to lie down and go to sleep.我想躺下睡觉。
You’re free to talk or laugh here.在这里你可以随便说笑。
I’m anxious to g o and ask him about it.我急于去问问他这个事。
Do you want to have lunch now or wait till later? 你想现在吃午饭还是再等会儿?We had nothing to do except (to) look at the posters outside the cinema. 我们无事可做,只有看看电影院外面的招贴。
He had nothing to do except talk nonsense. 除了胡说八道,他没别的事干。
I would rather die than be insulted.我宁死也不受侮辱。
I’ll do anything but work on a farm. 除了去农场干活,我什么都干。
It’s easier to persuade people than (to) force them. 说服人容易,强迫人难。
It’s better to take a taxi than (to) wait here.搭出租车也比在这等强。
句子中but后面的不定式带不带to,取决于but前面的句子里含不含do,只要有与do/did有关的词(do作谓语,to do作定语等等),but后面的不定式就省掉to。
I have no choice but to go there alone. 除了独自一个去以外,我别无选择。
I can do nothing but go there alone. 除了独自一个到那里去,我别无选择。
I have nothing to do but go there alone. 除了独自一个到那里去我没事可干。
He did nothing but cry all day long. 他除了整天哭,什么也不干。
时态/语态主动被动一般式 to do to be done进行式 to be doing完成式 to have done to have been done完成进行式 to have been doing1) 现在时:一般现在时表示的动词,有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生,有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。
He seems to know this.I hope to see you again. = I hope that I'll see you again. 我希望再见到你。
2) 完成时:表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。
I'm sorry to have given you so much trouble.He seems to have caught a cold.3) 完成进行时:She is known to have been wreaking on the problem for many years.4) 进行时:表示动作正在进行,与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。
He seems to be eating something.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------不定式的时态和语态总结相关文章推荐:英语语法大全之16种时态讲解高一英语重点时态语法知识点总结英语四级常见时态解析的解题技巧need的用法归纳_英语单词why not的用法及考查要点would rather的用法讲解。