L8 INSURANCE
再保险
再保险:再保险的目的：增加承保能力（increase capacity）,风险分散和控制（可以承保更多不同的业务，达到分散风险的目的），资本管理（例如满足偿付能力要求），财务规划（利用再保佣金为新业务提供资金），例如再保分入可以提高资本利用效率，发挥自身优势（例如投资优势），利用tax loss or gain，巨灾保护等。
再保有Treaty based（合同再保险）和Facultative based(临时再保险，又称“临分”)两种，Treaty based是直保公司和再保公司事先谈好，这样符合条件的保单就直接纳入到保险合同中，临分是针对每次出现的特别的责任，一般比较大，或比较复杂，保费较高。
再保确定责任的形式有多种，例如Proportional quota share, Surplus or excedent（以上两种再保费和保额相关）,Non-poroportinal（再保费和实际赔付有关，ex: Excess of Loss, stop loss, Catastrophic excess of loss）。
再保险的监管非常重要，由于监管机构对不在当地注册的再保险公司没有追偿和审查的权利，所以有些再保形式中若再保公司不在当地注册，则再保不被承认。
再保险初期不一定会产生大量的资产转移，例如使用Mo-co,不进行大量的资产转移的优势是资产转移可能会产生对直保公司不利的资本所得或损失，增加再保的违约损失暴露，大量的资产买卖造成对资产的不利估值，方便repurchase the business。
为了加强资产负债表的再保合约很可能被提前终止（例如泰康的95合同），所以合同中会加入提前终止的约定。
1984年前很少有财务再保，之后财务再保被广泛使用来合理避税。
一般由再保公司对两个公司之间应该进行的资金往来进行计算，形成报告后由直保公司审核后执行。
再保险合同容易引起监管质疑的地方有：给再保险公司的利益与实际再保业务的经验无关；再保公司未实质支付任何赔款；再保公司在管理层变动或偿付能力不足时单方面终止合同。
我国再保险外资公司
1、德国汉诺威再保险在2006年11月获得保监会允许在中国筹建1家经营人寿再保险业务分公司。
汉诺威中国分公司的注册资本金初步定在2亿元，总部设在德国慕尼黑2．3、2004年6月6日，科隆再保险公司上海分公司获准在上海设立，成为继慕尼黑再2010年7月1日起更名为通用再保险股份公司。
母公司系美国通用再保险集团，由美国通用再保险公司和德国科隆再保险公司于1994年合并而成。
通用再保险集团控制着德国科隆的科隆再保险公司88%的股额。
1997年底，巴菲特（Warren Buffett）领导的伯克希尔·哈瑟维集团（Berkshire Hathaway Company）获得了Gen Re 100％的股权，从而使我公司成为巴菲特旗下全资的再保险旗舰。
4、1997年慕尼黑再保险公司在北京和上海分别成立了代表处，这成为慕尼黑再保险公司与中国保险市场长期合作史上的又一个新的里程碑。
2003年，慕尼黑再保险公司成为第一家获中国保监会核发全国性综合业务执照的国际再保险公司。
05年在北京设立分公司。
总部设在德国慕尼黑5.6、安裕再保险公司是美国通用电气公司的全资子公司,总部设在美国堪萨斯城。
2006年6月被瑞士再保险公司以74亿美元收购。
瑞士再保险公司（Swiss Re-insurance Company）于1863年成立于苏黎世，现有员工（全球范围）约9000人，苏黎世总部有2500人左右，在世界上30多个国家设有70多家办事处。
自中国保险市场对外开放以来,瑞士再公司先后于1996年和1997年,分别在北京和上海设立了两家代表处,并于1999年4月正式向中国保监会递交了申请经营性分公司的信函,成为第一家申请在华营业的再保险公司。
2002年7月10日终于获得了中国保监会的经营许可,业务范围包括产、寿险再保险业务。
7、劳合社（Lloyd's），位于伦敦的英国劳合社总部大楼。
英国最大的保险组织。
2000年11月28日，劳合社北京代表处开幕典礼举行。
再保险的基本概念
第一章再保险概述本章要求了解再保险的根本概况、根本概念、了解再保险与原保险的比拟，掌握再保险的职能和作用。
再保险概述一再保险的根本概念二再保险与原保险的比拟三再保险的开展历史四再保险的职能和作用再保险的定义再保险〔reinsurance〕也称分保。
定义一：是保险人在原保险合同的根底上，通过签订分保合同，将其所承保的局部风险和责任向其他保险人进行保险的行为。
定义二〔?保险法?第二十九条指出〕：保险人将其承当的保险业务，以分保形式，局部转移给其他保险人的，为再保险。
✉定义三：是指保险人在原保险合同的根底上，与另一个保险人签订协议，将原保险合同的局部风险或责任进行转嫁的行为。
再保险是一种特殊性质的责任保险。
再保险人不直接对原保险合同的标的损失给予补偿，而是对原保险人所承当的责任给予补偿。
为什么要再保险〔为什么要保险〕以固定的本钱代替可变的本钱，降低风险在再保险交易中，将业务风险责任通过分保转移出去的保险公司称为原保险人〔original insurer〕或分出公司〔ceding company〕，接受他方业务风险责任的公司称为再保险人〔reinsurer〕或分保接受人或分入公司〔ceded company〕。
和直接保险转嫁风险一样，再保险转嫁风险责任也要支付一定的保费，这种保费叫做分保费或再保险费。
由于分出公司在招揽业务过程中支出了一定的费用，分出公司需要向分入公司收取一局部费用加以补偿，这种由分入公司支付给分出公司的费用报酬称为分保佣金〔reinsurance commision〕或分保手续费。
如果分保接受人又将其接受的业务再分给其他保险人，这种业务活动称为转分保或再再保险，双方分别称为转分保分出人和转分保接受人。
危险单位、自留额和分保额❿危险单位危险单位是保险标的发生一次危险事故可能造成的最大损失范围。
自留额，又称自负责任额。
是指对于每一危险单位或一系列危险单位的责任或损失，分出分司根据其自身的财力确定的所能承当的限额。
保险法英语
保险法保险insurance保险法insurance law风险管理risk management保险功能insurance function风险; 险别risk投机性风险speculative risk投资风险investment risk特殊风险extraneous risks险别coverage危险事故peril承保范围risk insured，risk covered；coverage保险监督管理机构insurance regulatory authority保险业insurance industry保险机构insurance institution保险公司insurance company保险公司条例insurance company ordinance大数法则law of large numbers概率probability边际效用递减原理principle of diminishing marginal utility of wealth偿付能力solvency保险基金insurance fund保险保障基金Insurance Protection Fond赔款准备金claim reserve已报未决保险赔款claims in the course of settlement未报未决保险赔款claims incurred but not reported保险标的insurance object保险利益insurable interest财产的保险利益insurable interest in property人身（寿）的保险利益insurable interest in lives道德风险moral risks; moral hazard商业保险commercial insurance社会保险social insurance自愿保险voluntary insurance强制保险compulsory insurance基本险primary types of insurance附加险secondary types of insurance再保险reinsurance重复保险multiple insurance; overlapping insurance; concurrency; double insurance; concurrent insurance射幸合同contigency contract赌博合同wagering contract保险合同insurance contract古都合同orphan保险单insurance policy投保单insurance slip暂保单binder，binding slip保险凭证insurance certificate保单生效日期date of inception of the policy; date of police保险期间insurance period；policy term; term of insurance; term of policy; duration of insurance保险条款insurance clause自杀条款suicide clauses不诚实除外条款fidelity exclusion; infidelity exclusion不可抗力act of god; force majieure; irresistible exclusion不法行为barratry统括条款omnibus clause不可否认的条款incontestability clause劳合社标准保险单Lloyd’s standard policy保险费premium；insurance expense额外保险费extra premium附加保险费additional premium净保费net premium保险费回扣remiumrebate保险费率表insurance rate(人身保险中)被保险人中途解除合同的退保金额surrender value保险费率premium rate; premiums保险金insurance compensation；insurance proceeds; policy proceeds; amount of loss; claims paid保险金给付方式distribution plan保险金额insured amount; amount of insurance; sum assured; sun insured; amount insured; amount of coverage保险价值insured value定值保险合同valued insurance contract不定值保险合同unvalued insurance contract足额保险合同full insurance contract不足额保险合同under insurance contract超额保险合同over insurance contract重置价值保险reinstatement value insurance投保人applicant；insurance applicant; proposer; cestui que vie投保资格eligibility保险人，保险商，承保人insurer保险承保人insurance underwriter; insurance carrier被保险人insurer；insurant保险受益人beneficiary保险代理人insurance agent保险经纪人insurance broker保险佣金insurance commission投保insure；to cover(effect，arrange，take out) insurance 为。
保险词典-中英文
A New English-Chinese Dictionary Of Insurance最新实用英汉保险词典目录词典正文附录一世界部分保险机构附录二各国或地区货币名称附录三时差表中文索引词典正文A aaccidental death benefit 意外死亡赔偿A rate A费率A&I = accident and indemnity事故与赔偿A&S = accident and sickness insurance意外伤害和疾病保险A.R.; A/R = all risks 1.综合险2. 全险AABD = aid to the aged, blind, and disabled对老年人、盲人和残疾人的救济AAI = accredited adviser in insurance许可保险顾问AAM = Associate in Automation Man- agement自动化管理准会员AAR = against all risks一切险,全险Abandoned merchandize无主货物abandonee受委托的承险人(在海运保险中受保险人委托处理海损财物的保险人) abandonment委付abandonment clause委付条款abandonment cost (水险中的)委付费用abandonment of claim放弃索赔abandonment of right放弃权利abandonment policy取消损失保险保单abatement减免abnormal risk特殊风险above normal loss超常损失abridged life table简易生命表abridgement of damage减少损害赔偿金absolute完全或最终的无条件的裁决absolute assignment绝对委托absolute beneficiary绝对受益人absolute ceiling franchise绝对免赔限度absolute cover绝对保险额absolute deductible franchise rate绝对免赔率absolute liability绝对赔偿责任absolute ownership绝对所有权absolute privilege绝对特权absolute term 1. 绝对期限2.绝对条款absolute total loss绝对损失, 绝对全损abstract摘要卡abuse of process程序滥用abutting coverage 1. 连续保障2.邻期保险单AC = accident意外事故ACA = Associate of Conference of Ac- tuaries in PublicPractice美国赔偿协会准会员ACAS = Associate of Casualty Actuar- ial Society意外精算学会准会员accelerated benefits提前给付(寿险保单附加条款)accelerated endowment加速满期accelerated option加速满期选择权accelerated paid-up or endowment缩短缴费期限或加速满期acceleration clause加速条款acceleration life insurance 1.加速寿险2. 寿险提前给付accelerative endowment加速型两全寿险accept承诺accept a claim接受索赔accept a commission接受委托acceptance承诺accepted reinsurance分入接受再保险accepted value承诺价值accepting office分入公司accession 1. 取得2. 增加accession clause附加条款accessory contract附加合同accessory document附属单据accessory expenses附加费用accessory risk附加险accident意外事故accident and health insurance意外伤害和健康保险accident and indemnity事故与赔偿accident and sickness insurance意外伤害和疾病保险accident beyond control无法控制的意外事故accident control or prevention意外事故控制或防避accident costs事故费用accident damage意外损坏accident data recorder事故资料记录器accident death benefit人寿保险的意外死亡双重赔偿条款accident death insurance意外死亡保险accident frequency意外事故发生率accident frequency rate意外事故发生率accident in handling装卸意外事故accident in shipping装运意外事故accident in stock存仓意外事故accident in transit途中意外事故accident in warehouse仓储意外事故accident insurance意外保险accident policy意外险保单accident prevention事故预防accident rate意外事故率accident report意外报告, 事故报告accident report form意外事故报告单accident severity意外事故强度accident severity rate意外事故强度率accident year事故年accident year experience事故年记录accident year statistics年度意外事故统计资料accidental average意外海损accidental bodily injury意外身体伤害accidental cause意外原因accidental cost意外费用accidental damage意外损失accidental death意外死亡accidental death and dismemberment意外死亡和残疾accidental death and dismemberment benefit意外死亡和断肢结付accidental death and dismemberment insurance意外伤亡和残疾保险accidental death and dismemberment rider意外死亡和断肢附加条款accidental death benefit意外死亡保险金accidental death benefit rideraccidental death benefit rider意外死亡给付附加条款accidental death clause意外死亡保险条款accidental death insurance意外死亡保险accidental dismemberment意外残废accidental force不可抗拒力accidental loss意外损失accidental means突发原因accidental means (death by)意外原因死亡accidental means death benefits意外原因死亡保险accidental way damage途中意外损坏accidents liability insurance意外事故责任保险accidents receivable insurance应收款项保险accommodation融通accommodation line融通业务accommodation party票据融通人accord and satisfaction调解account账务account analysis账务分析account and risk账务和风险account current会计月报告account payable应付账款account receivable应收账款account selling账目销售accountant liability insurance会计师责任保险accountant professional liability in- surance会计师职业责任保险accounting会计accounts receivable bond应收账款担保书accounts receivable insurance应收账款保险accounts receivable policy应收账款保险单accredited adviser in insurance许可保险顾问, 资格保险顾问accrual basis of accounting权责发生会计制accrual of benefits (pension plans)累积保险金(养老金计划) accrued benefit应计给付额accrued benefit cost method应计给付额退休金成本法accrued depreciation应计折旧accumulated dividends累积红利accumulation累积增额给付accumulation at interest dividend option红利累积选择权accumulation benefit累积给付accumulation clause累积给付条款accumulation period累积期间accumulation policy累积给付保单acid and chemical damage policy化学侵蚀保险ACII英国特许保险学会准会员acknowledgement of insurance dec- laration投保声明的回执acquisition agent缔结保险合同代理人acquisition cost 1.展业费2. 新合同成本ACRS加速费用恢复系统act of carriage of goods by sea海上货运条款act of God不可抗力active life reserve生存者责任准备金active trust积极信托actively employed身体合格雇员, 在职雇员activities of daily living日常活动能力actual cash value实际现金价值actual cash value policy实际现金价值保险actual dividends实得红利actual loss rate实际损失率actual present value实际现值actual total loss实际全损actuarial保险统计, 精算actuarial assumption精算假设actuarial basis保险统计计算标准actuarial consultant精算顾问actuarial cost精算成本actuarial cost method精算成本法actuarial evaluation精算估值actuarial experience gains or losses精算损益actuarial liability精算负债actuarial method保险统计法actuarial present value精算现值actuarial rate精算费率actuarial report精算报告actuarial return精算收益率actuarial revaluation gains or losses精算重估损益actuarial science保险统计计算科学actuarial valuation精算评估actuarially reduced annuity精算减额年金actuarially sound安全精算actuary 1.精算师2. 保险统计员actuary enrolled注册精算师ad damnum索赔金额ad valorem duty从价课税AD&D = accidental death and dis- membermentrider意外死亡和断肢附加条款ADB = accidental death benefit意外死亡保险金addendum附约addendum clause条件条款additional call追加保险费additional death benefit附加死亡给付additional expense insurance追加费用保险additional expense-strike罢工险额外费用保险additional expense-war risk战争险附加费用additional extended coverage追加保险additional insurance附加保险additional insured附加被保险人additional liabilities for accidental injury to passenger旅客意外伤害保险额外责任additional optional policy附加的可选择保单additional premium 1.附加保费2. 追加保险费additional provisions追加条款additional reserve for guaranteed re- newable policies续保保单的追加准备金additional term insurance dividend option附加定期保险的红利选择权adequate consideration充分对价adhesion contract附合式合同adhesion insurance contract合意保险合同adjustable life insurance可调整年金保险adjustable premium可调整保费adjusted earnings调整后收益aggregate products liabilityadjusted gross estate调整后总遗产adjusted net gain from operations调整后的经营净收益adjusted net worth调整后净值adjusted premium method调整保费法adjusted taxable gifts调整后应纳税的捐赠adjuster 1. 仲裁人2. (保险公司的)理算员adjustment理算adjustment bureau仲裁机构adjustment coefficient调节系数adjustment expenses理算费用adjustment income调整性收入adjustment of transport loss运输损失的理算adjustment period调整期间adjustment premium经调整的保险费ADL = activities of daily living日常活动能力adminicular evidence辅助证据administer claim解决索赔案件administration bond行政担保administration expenses遗产管理费用administrator遗嘱管理人administrator (pension plan)退休金计划管理人administrator’s deed管理人证书admiralty海事admiralty bond航海保证金admiralty court海事法庭admiralty liability海事责任admitted assets认可资产admitted insurer准允营业的保险人admitted liability 1.公认责任2. 强制责任adult day care成年人全天监护advance discounting for mortality (退休金)预先死亡扣除advance discounting for severance (退休金)提前离职扣除advanced funded pension policy提前筹资的退休年金保险advanced funding提前筹资advanced life and health insurance高级人寿及健康保险advanced life underwriter高级寿险承保人advanced life underwriting高级寿险承保adverse claimants逆向索赔人adverse selection逆选择adverse witness反证人advertisers liability insurance广告商责任保险advice of fate出险事故通知书advisory insurance organizations保险咨询机构AEC附加扩展保险责任AEE附加加速费用aerial insurance空运保险aero insurance 1.飞行保险2.航空保险AFDC = aid families with dependent children未成年儿童家庭救济affidavit of claim请求给付申请书affirmative warranty保证书after-acquired property已获得的抵押资产against all risks一切险, 全险age保险年龄age 100生命表的寿命界限age at issue投保年龄(保单生效时的年龄)age last birthday前次生日年龄法age limits年龄限制age nearest birthday最近生日年龄投保age of majority合法年龄age setback年龄倒退法age-adjusted mortality rate按照年龄调整的死亡率agency 1.代理2. 代理店3.营业处agency agreement or contract代理人协议或合同agency billing代理公司通告agency by ratification经批准的代理机构agency commission clause代理佣金条款agency contract代理契约agency department代理部agency director代理处经理agency experience代理业绩记录agency inspector代理监察agency office代理处agency plant代理系统agency relationship代理关系agency superintendent代理处监督官agency system代理制度agent代理人agent authority代理权限agent commission代理佣金agent qualification laws代理人资格法agent’s authority代理人权限agent’s authority of power代理权限agent’s balance代理人平衡表agent’s certificate代理人报告书agent’s commission代理佣金agent’s letter of record代理人记录文件agent’s license代理人执照agent’s note代理人票据agent’s power代理人权限agent-policy-writing保单签发代理人age-specific death rate特定年龄死亡率age-specific mortality rate特定年龄计算的死亡率aggravated risk劣质业务aggregate amount累计保险金额aggregate annual deductible年免赔金额aggregate claim process累计索赔过程aggregate claims累计索赔aggregate excess contract超额赔款合同aggregate excess of loss cover累积超额赔款再保险aggregate excess of loss reinsurance累积超额赔款再保险, 累积停止损失再保险aggregate indemnities补偿总额aggregate indemnity赔偿总额aggregate limit累积限额, 总限额aggregate limit clause累积限额条款aggregate limit of indemnity累积赔偿限额aggregate method总和法aggregate mortality table综合死亡表aggregate operations liability综合营运责任aggregate products liability 1. 产品责任累积限额2.产品综合责任险aggregate projected benefit cost methodaggregate projected benefit cost method预计给付成本总和法aggregate protective liability总保障责任aggregate reserve总准备金aggregate stop loss reinsurance累积停止损失再保险,累积超额赔款再保险agreed amount clause协议价值条款, 定额条款agreed amount endorsement协议金额批单agreed insured value协定保险价值, 约定保险价值agreed return协议退款agreed value 1.协定保额2. 议定价值agreed value clause议定价值条款agreed value policy议定价值保单agreement协议agreement on reinsurance分保合同agricultural equipment floater农业设备保险单agricultural equipment insurance农业设备保险agricultural insurance农业保险agricultural machinery insurance policy农业机械保险agricultural mutual aid insurance money农业互助保险金agriculture crop insurance农作物保险AIAF = Associate in Insurance Ac-counting andFinance保险会计和财务准会员AIC = Associate in Claims理赔准会员aid families with dependent children未成年儿童家庭救济aid to the aged, blind and disabled对老年人、盲人和残疾人的救济AIM = Associate in Management管理准会员AIME = average indexed monthly earnings指数化月平均收入air bill all risks航空保险全单(货物空运时出具的保险单)air bill of loading航空提单air cargo insurance空运货物保险air cargo liability insurance空运货物责任保险air carriage (FPA)空运货物保险单独海损不赔条款air carriage (WA)空运货物保险单独海损赔偿条款air insurance空运保险air passengers policy旅客航空险air risks航空风险air transport insurance空运保险air transportation all risks航空运输一切险air transportation cargo insurance空运货物保险air transportation cargo war risks航空运输货物战争险air transportation insurance空运保险air transportation risks航空运输险aircraft all risks飞机全险aircraft hull insurance飞机机身保险aircraft liability insurance飞机责任保险aircraft passenger insurance飞机乘客保险aircraft passenger liability insurance飞机乘客责任保险aircraft product liability insurance飞机产品责任保险airplane insurance飞机保险airport liability coverage机场责任保险alarm valve报警阀ALCM = Associate in Loss Control Management损失控制管理准会员alcoholic beverage control laws含酒精饮料控制法alcoholic beverage liability insurance酒精饮料责任保险aleatory射幸性(事件发生的不确定性)aleatory contract射幸合同alien company外来公司alienate转让alienation转让alienation clause转让条款all lines综合业务all lines agency综合保险代理机构all lines insurance综合险保险all marine and war risks一切海运及战争险all risk insurance 1. 一切险保险, 全损险保险2. 综合险保险all risks 1. 综合险2. 全险all risks clause 1. 综合险条款2. 全险条款all risks contract 1.综合险条款2. 全险条款all risks cover 1. 全险保单2.综合险保单all risks for shipment of frozen prod- ucts冷藏货物运输一切险all risks policy一切险保险单all risks whatsoever不论原因的一切险all usual risk一切通常险allegation断言allied lines附加保险all-in insurance全损保险All-Inclusive Trust Deed全括性信托契据all-loss insurance保全险allocated benefits划定给付allocated expenses可分配费用allocated funding instruments个人积存方式allocation分配allocation formula分配方式allocation of plan assets计划资产的分配allocation of plan assets on termination终止时计划资产的分配allowed asset认可资产alpha risk甲级风险alphabet broker字母经济人alphabet house字母公司ALR = actual loss rate实际损失率alteration bond变更保险alterations变更alternate beneficiary备选受益人alternate policy保险副单alternate valuation date备选估价日alternative minimum cost method选择最低成本法alternative minimum tax选择性最低税alternative optional policy替换选择性保险单alternative probability可更替概率always open持续有效amalgamation合并ambiguity含糊Associate in Premium Auditingambulatory可变更的AME = average monthly earnings平均月收入amendment修订American agency system美国代理人制度American Experience Table of Mor- tality美国经验生命表American Men’s Mortality Table美国男性生命表AMMINET = Automated Mortgage Market Information Network自动化抵押市场信息网(全美范围的电子报价系统) amortization分期偿付amortization fund分摊资金, 分期还款基金amortization quota分摊额, 分期偿还比例amortization schedule分期偿付表amortized value摊提价值amount at risk风险保额amount ceded (再保险)分出(保)额amount covered保障金额amount for which loss settled理赔金额amount insured保险金额amount of cession分保额amount of coverage保险金额amount of insurance保险金额amount of insurance in carried实保金额amount of insurance in force有效保险金额amount of insurance required应保金额amount of insurance to value保险金额与保险价值之比amount of loss保险金amount of reinsurance再保险金额amount required最低应保额amount retroceded转分保金额amount secured被保险金额amount subject标的金额AMT = alternative minimum tax选择性最低税AMW = average monthly wage月平均工资analysis分析analysis of property and casualty policy财产和意外保险分析analytic schedule分析表analytic system分析系统analytic system for the measurement of relative firehazard相关火灾风险衡量分析系统anamnesis既往病历anchor policy“锚”标志保单ancillary benefits辅助保险单angle of the V “V”角animal health insurance动物健康保险animal life insurance动物生命保险anniversary date签单周年日annual actuarial cost年精算费用annual aggregate limit年度总限额annual exclusion年除外责任annual expected dollar loss年预期损失额annual financial statement年度财务报表annual insurance policy一年期保险单annual insurance premium年度保险费annual mortgagor statement抵押人年度报表annual payment annuity年支付年金annual pension cost年养老金成本annual policy一年期保险单annual premium年度保险费annual premium annuity年缴保险费年金annual premium deferred annuity延期年缴保险费年金annual rate年费率annual renewable agreement年续保协议annual renewable term每年可续保保险annual report年度报告annual report summary年度报告摘要annual return年报告annual statement年度报表annual supplemental cost年附加成本annual transit insurance年度货物运输保险annualization年度化annualized年度化annually renewable term每年可续保条款annuitant年金领取人annuity 1. 年金2. 年金合同annuity age change变化年金年龄annuity analysis年金分析annuity assurance年金人寿保险annuity certain确定年金annuity consideration年金对价annuity contract年金保险合同annuity due首期年金annuity for life终身年金annuity forms年金形式annuity insurance年金保险annuity method 年金法annuity mortality table年金生命表annuity of life终身年金annuity period年金给付期间annuity purchase rate年金购买率annuity rate年金率annuity retirement退休年金annuity risk年金风险annuity table年金表Annuity Table for 1949 1949年年金表annuity tables年金生命表annuity units年金基数annuity with minimum period最短期限年金, 保证期限年金annul撤销, 宣告无效answer答辩antecedent先时的, 在前面的, 在……之先antedate提前日期anti-cancellation laws反注销法anticipated mortality死亡率预测anti-coercion laws反强制法anti-compact laws反协定法anti-discriminatory laws反差别法anti-rebate law(s)反保费回扣法anti-selection逆选择anti-trust laws反垄断法AP = additional premium 1. 附加保费2. 追加保险费AP = annual premium年度保险费APA = Associate in Premium Auditing保险费审计准会apartment package policy员apartment package policy公寓一揽子保险单apartment policy公寓保险单APBM累积计划给付方法APIP附加个人伤害保障APL自动垫缴保费app. = application申请, 投保apparent agency表面代理apparent authority表面代理权appeal bond上诉保证书appellant上诉人appellate court上诉法院Appleton Rule阿普莱顿规则applicant投保人applicant for insurance投保人application 1. 申请, 投保2.投保单application agent投保代理人application for insurance投保申请书application for marine insurance水险投保书application for open policy预约保险单申请书application form投保书appointment委托appointment of trustees for terminated plan指定终止计划受托人appointment papers委托文件apportionable annuity比例年金apportionment比例分配apportionment clause比例分配条款appraisal估价appraisal clause估价条款appraisal inventory估价财产清单appraisal of damage 1. 损失评估2. 损失赔偿评定appraisal surplus估价盈余appraisements估价appraiser估价人appreciation增值approach接近方法appropriated surplus特别公积金approval承保approved合格的approved roof合格屋顶appurtenant structures附属建筑物APS = attending physician’s statement主治医生报告arbitration clause仲裁条款arbitrator仲裁人architects and engineers professional liability insurance建筑师、工程师职业责任保险architects inspection certificate建筑师检验证书architectural specifications建筑计划书area of origin起源地ARM = Associate in Risk Management 风险管理准会员arm’s length transaction正常商业交易armored car and messenger insurance武装车辆及专送保险Armstrong investigation阿姆斯特朗调查ARP = Associate in Research and Planning调查和规划准会员arranged total loss协议全损arrears保费延滞arrears and advances滞缴与预缴arrest拘留arrest bond拘留保险arrived damaged value目的地毁损价值arrived sound value目的地完好价值arson纵火arson clause火险保单中关于自行纵火不予赔偿的条款arsonist纵火犯ART = annually renewable term每年可续保条款art glass policy美术玻璃保险单as expiry原样续保as interest may appear视可保利益出现而定as original同原保险as per original照原保险单率ascertainment of indemnity确定赔偿assailing thieves攻击性盗贼assce = assurance保险assessable insurance可估价保险assessable mutual可估价相互公司assessable premium insurance company 估价保费相互保险公司assessed value估定价值assessment追征金assessment clause保费追缴条款assessment company赋课型公司assessment insurance赋课型保险, 摊派保险assessment insurer赋课型保险人assessment of damage goods破损货物的估价assessment of loss损失的估价assessment of the amount of redemp- tion估算偿还额assessment of value估价assessment period保费追缴期assessment plan摊派保险assessment rolls摊派税款清册assessment society赋课型友爱社assessor财产估价人asset and liability matching资产负债配比asset and liability risk 资产负债风险asset share method资产份额法asset share values资产份额价值asset sufficiency or insufficiency资产充分或不充分asset valuation资产评估assets资产assets and valuation资产与评估assets insurance资产保险assets share资产份额assign转让assigned claims转让赔款assigned claims plan转让赔款计划assigned risk分派风险, 强制接受的业务assigned risk plan分派风险计划assignee受让人assignment转让assignment clause (life insurance)寿险转让条款assignment of benefits保险金转让assignment of life policy人寿保险的转让automobile insurance plansassignment of policy保险单转让assignor转让人assigns受让人assisted living facilities辅助生活设施associate captive协会自保associate degree in risk management风险管理助理Associate in Automation Management自动化管理准会员Associate in Claims理赔准会员Associate in Insurance Accounting and Finance保险会计和财务准会员Associate in Loss Control Management损失控制管理准会员Associate in Management管理准会员Associate in Premium Auditing保险费审计准会员Associate in Research and Planning调查和规划准会员Associate in Risk Management风险管理准会员Associate in Underwriting准承保会员Associate of Casualty Actuarial Society意外精算学会准会员Associate of Conference of Actuaries in Public Practice美国赔偿协会准会员association captive联合专属保险人association group协会集团association group plans协会集团计划association insurance协会团体保险assume接受, 承担assumed interest rate (人寿保险)预定利率assumed liability policy承担责任保险assumed loss ratio预定损失率assumed mortality rate (人寿保险)预计死亡率assumed reinsurance承继再保险assuming company分入公司assumption承担assumption agreement承担协议assumption certificate承担证明书assumption endorsement承担背书assumption fee承担费assumption of mortgage承担抵押assumption of risk风险承担assumption reinsurance承担再保险assumptions假设assurance保险assurance law保险法assurance on aviation航空保险assurance on death死亡保险assured被保险人assurer保险人at occupation职业事故atomic energy commission原子能佣金atomic energy reinsurance原子能再保险attach起保attachment 1. 附保2. 扣押attachment date责任开始日attachment of risk保险责任开始attained age达到年龄attained age conversion达到年龄转换attending physician’s report护理医生报告attending physician’s statement主治医生报告attestation clause证明条款attorney代理人, 律师attorney in fact委任代理人attorney-at-law律师auction拍卖auctioneer’s bond拍卖人保证audit审计audit bureau审计局audited premium审定保险费auditor审计员authority to terminate plan终止计划权authorization核准authorized company授权公司authorized insurer授权保险人auto tax汽车税Automated Mortgage Market Information Network自动化抵押市场信息网(全美范围的电子报价系统)automatic builders risk form自动船舶建造险保单automatic cost-of-living increase生活费自动增加automatic cover自动承保automatic coverage自动保障automatic increase in insurance en- dorsement保险批单的自动增加automatic non-proportional reinsurance自动非比例再保险automatic paid-up自动缴清automatic premium loan provision自动垫缴保费条款automatic proportional reinsurance自动比例再保险automatic reinstatement自动续保automatic reinstatement clause 1.保险金额自动恢复条款2. 自动续保条款automatic reinsurance自动再保险automatic reinsurance treaty自动再保险合同automatic restoration自动恢复automatic sprinkler自动喷淋灭火系统automatic sprinkler clause自动喷淋设备条款automatic termination clause自动终止条款automatic termination of cover clause自动销保条款automatic treaty自动再保险合同automobile assigned risk insurance plan汽车分派风险保险计划automobile assurance汽车保险automobile collision汽车碰撞automobile comprehensive汽车综合险automobile death and disability coverage汽车死亡和残疾保险automobile death indemnity coverage汽车死亡补偿保险automobile fleet汽车队automobile insurance汽车保险automobile insurance (comprehensive)汽车(综合)保险automobile insurance (drive other cars) (驾驶其他汽车的)汽车保险automobile insurance (hired cars) (租用)汽车保险automobile insurance (non-owner liability) (非所有权责任)汽车保险automobile insurance plans汽车保险计划automobile liabilityautomobile liability汽车责任automobile liability excess policy汽车责任超额保险automobile liability insurance汽车责任保险automobile liability insurance certifi- cate汽车责任保险证明书automobile liability policy汽车责任保险单automobile medical payment insur- ance汽车医疗给付保险automobile physical damage insurance汽车车身保险automobile reinsurance facility汽车再保险计划automobile shared market汽车共有市场automobile theft汽车盗窃automobile, boat and aircraft insur- ance汽车、船舶和飞机保险auxiliary fund辅助基金avail (of contract) (合同上的)利益avenues of fire spread火灾蔓延途径average海损average adjuster海损理算员, 海损理算师average adjustment海损理算average agent海损代理人average agreement财损协议书average blanket rate一揽子平均费率average bond共同海损承付保证书average claim size平均索赔额average clause 1. 海损条款2.水渍险条款average distribution clause平均分配条款average earnings clause平均收入条款B.D.I. = both days inclusive含生效日及到期日B/L = bill of lading提单b’lading = bill of lading提单back-date倒填日期back-end loaded期末费用backload撤离费bad debts policy坏账保险单bad odor恶味险bad risk风险大的保险baggage insurance行李保险bail保释金bailee (财物的)受托人bailee clause受托人条款bailee’s customers insurance受托人顾客保险bailees insurance受托人保险bailees liability insurance受托人责任保险bailer委托人, 寄托人bailment (财物的)委托人bailor寄托人bailor’s property insurance寄托人财产保险balance余额balance sheet资产负债表balance sheet reserves (退休金)平衡表准备金balance sheet reserves plan (退休金)平衡表准备金计划balanced security平衡保障balancing charge差额税balancing charge insurance差额税保险average indexed monthly earnings指数化月平均收入average loss clause平均损失条款average monthly earnings平均月收入average monthly wage月平均工资average net cost平均纯费用average pay plan平均工资基准型退休金计划average policy 1. 填补保险单2. 海损保险单average premium平均保费average rate平均费率average risk平均风险average semi-private rate平均半私人费率average statement海损理算书average weekly benefits平均周给付average weekly wage平均周工资aviation accident insurance航空意外事故保险aviation clause航空条款aviation exclusion航空险除外责任aviation hazard航空风险aviation hull insurance航空机体保险aviation insurance航空保险aviation passenger accident insurance航空乘客意外事故保险aviation personal accident insurance航空人身意外事故保险aviation trip life insurance航空航程人身保险avoidance防避avoidance policy保单无效award仲裁赔偿B bbank burglary and robbery insurance银行失窃及抢劫保险bank check plan银行支票计划bank loan insurance银行贷款保险bank loan plan银行贷款计划bank trusted retirement plan银行信托退休计划bankers blanket bond银行综合保证保险Banking Act of 1933 (美)1933年银行法bankrupt破产bankruptcy宣告破产BAP = business automobile policy商业汽车保单barge retention驳船险扣存保险费barratry不法行为, 故意损害行为base pay基本工资base premium基线保险费base rate基本费率baseline data基线数据basic auto policy基本汽车保险单basic benefits (basic hospital plan)基本住院福利计划basic insurance基本险basic limit基本限额basic limits of liability基本责任限额Basic Medical Insurance Plan基本医疗保险计划basic premium基本保费basic rate基础费率basic specification基本项目表basic split-dollar plan基本保费分摊计划branch office systembasic time frame基期basis for claim索赔依据basis rate基本费率batch clause整批条款Bayes’Theorem贝叶斯定理Bayesian approach 贝叶斯方法bearer policy持有人保险单beauty parlor public liability insurance美容院公共责任保险before-tax earnings税前所得beneficial interest受益权beneficiary受益人beneficiary change变更受益人beneficiary clause受益人条款beneficiary of trust信托受益人benefit 1.保险赔偿费2. 给付3. 利益, 津贴benefit for child of retired worker退休工人子女给付benefit for disabled child of deceased, disabled, or retiredworker已故、残废或退休工人的残疾子女年金给付benefit for disabled widow or widower-age 50~62 50~62岁残疾鳏寡年金给付benefit formula给付方式benefit of business life and health in- surance企业主管人员保险benefit of insurance保险利益benefit of insurance clause保险利益条款benefit of salvage保险利益条款benefit package福利范围benefit payable应付养恤金benefit period给付期限benefit planning保险给付计划benefit policy定额保单benefits department理赔部, 给付部bequest遗赠BERI = Business Environment Risk Index企业环境风险指数betterment insurance改良保险bid bond投标押金, 投标保证金bilateral contract双边合同, 双边契约bill of lading提单billed claims保户医疗账单binder 1.暂保单2. 暂时契约3. 承保协议binding authority限制权限binding clause限制条款binding receipt承保收据binding slip暂保单binomial distribution二项分布biometric functions生命函数birth rate出生率blackout period福利脱接期blank rate总括保险费率blanket accident medical expense总括意外医疗费用blanket bond总括保证保险blanket contract一揽子合同blanket coverage总括保险blanket crime endorsement总括犯罪保单blanket crime policy总括犯罪保单blanket fidelity bond总括忠诚保证保险blanket form一揽子保险blanket honesty bond总括诚实保险blanket insurance总括保险blanket limit总限额blanket medical expense insurance总括医疗费用保险blanket policy统保单, 总括保险单blanket position bond一揽子职业保险blanket rate总括保险费率blanket retrocession总括转分保blind treaty全权委任合约blinder暂保单block insurance (多批相同货)统保block limit地段限额block policy统保单, 综合保单Blue Cross, Blue Shield subscriber蓝十字、蓝盾计划加入者blue list蓝表Blue Plan蓝十字保险计划board insurer委员会保险人bobtail liability insurance短尾巴责任保险bodily injury人身伤害bodily injury insurance人身伤害保险bodily injury liability insurance人身伤害责任保险boiler and machinery insurance锅炉及机器保险boiler insurance锅炉保险bond 1. 保证2. 保证会bond insurance 1.保证保险2. 债券保险bonding company 1.保证公司2. 担保公司bonding insurance保税保险bonds保证保险bonus certificate保险公司给予保险人的红利证明书bonus funding额外所得基金bonus loading附加保险费book debts insurance应收账款保险book of business保户总账册book value账面价值book value per common share普通股每股账面价值BOP = business owners policy企业所有人保险bordereau业务报表borderline risk临界危险borrowing authority of pension benefit guaranty。
再保险的基本概念
再保险的基本概念再保险第一章再保险概述本章要求了解再保险的基本概况、基本概念、了解再保险与原保险的比较，掌握再保险的职能和作用。
再保险概述一再保险的基本概念二再保险与原保险的比较三再保险的发展历史四再保险的职能和作用1.1再保险的定义再保险（reinsurance）也称分保。
定义一：是保险人在原保险合同的基础上，通过签订分保合同，将其所承保的部分风险和责任向其他保险人进行保险的行为。
定义二（《保险法》第二十九条指出）：保险人将其承担的保险业务，以分保形式，部分转移给其他保险人的，为再保险。
定义三：是指保险人在原保险合同的基础上，与另一个保险人签订协议，将原保险合同的部分风险或责任进行转嫁的行为。
再保险是一种特殊性质的责任保险。
再保险人不直接对原保险合同的标的损失给予补偿，而是对原保险人所承担的责任给予补偿。
为什么要再保险（为什么要保险）以固定的成本代替可变的成本，降低风险在再保险交易中，将业务风险责任通过分保转移出去的保险公司称为原保险人（original insurer）或分出公司（ceding company），接受他方业务风险责任的公司称为再保险人（reinsurer）或分保接受人或分入公司（ceded company）。
和直接保险转嫁风险一样，再保险转嫁风险责任也要支付一定的保费，这种保费叫做分保费或再保险费。
由于分出公司在招揽业务过程中支出了一定的费用，分出公司需要向分入公司收取一部分费用加以补偿，这种由分入公司支付给分出公司的费用报酬称为分保佣金（reinsurance commision）或分保手续费。
如果分保接受人又将其接受的业务再分给其他保险人，这种业务活动称为转分保或再再保险，双方分别称为转分保分出人和转分保接受人。
1.2危险单位、自留额和分保额危险单位危险单位是保险标的发生一次危险事故可能造成的最大损失范围。
自留额，又称自负责任额。
是指对于每一危险单位或一系列危险单位的责任或损失，分出分司根据其自身的财力确定的所能承担的限额。
再保险术语0001
再保险reinsurance 原保险人original insurer 分出公司ceding company 再保险分出人reinsured 再保险人reinsurer 分入公司ceded company 自留额retention （自负责任）分保额ceding amount 再保险费reinsurance premium （分保费）再保险佣金reinsurance commission（分保手续费）转分保retrocession比例再保险proportional reinsurance 非比例再保险non-proportional reinsurance 超过损失再保险excess of loss reinsurance成数再保险溢额再保险quota share reinsurance surplus reinsurance线数lines起赔点priority/underlying retention（分出公司自负责任额）最高责任额top limit/ceiling figure险位超赔再保险普通超赔保障事故超赔再保险异常灾害再保险excess of loss per risk basis working coverexcess of loss per event/occurrence basis catastrophe cover分层再保险reinsuring in layers赔付率超赔再保险excess of loss ratio损失中止再保险stop loss reinsuranee（停止损失再保险）共命运条款follow the fortunes clause（同一命运条款）错误或遗漏条款errors or omissions clause （过失或疏忽条款）检查条款inspeetion clause （保护缔约双方权利条款/断交条款）仲裁条款arbitration clause直接给付条款cut through clause固定佣金率fixed commission rate单一佣金率flat commission rate梯次佣金率sliding-scale commission rate（累进递增佣金率）盈余佣金profit commission（纯益手续费）或有佣金contingent commission结清方式cut-off basis自然期满方式run-off provision一年法one year basis三年平均法three-year average system 亏损滚转法losses carry forward system消失滚转法losses carry forward to extinction三年滚转法losses carry forward for three years 最后净赔款额ultimate net loss净自留责任net retained lines事故损失loss occurre nee以保单签发为基础policies issued or policies attach ing basis以损失发生为基础losses occurri ng basis以提出索赔为基础claims-made basis预存保费deposit premium最低保证保费minimum and deposit premium毛费率gross rate附表摘要表schedule雇主责任保险employer' liability再保险人与分出人同一命运the rein surer follow the fortunes of the compa ny拒收风险rejection risk强制再保险，固定再保险，合同再保险obligatory rein sura nee 净自留额net rete nti on额外期限odd time出险通知advice of the occurre nee of a loss续保renew续保通知书ren ewal notice减保return退保费return premium变更alterati on修正ame ndme nt退保/ 取消can cellati on收回/提取/撤销withdrawal报表bordereaux延迟/ 错误/ 遗漏delay error omissi on记录/报表/账目/文件record book account document期满term in ati on无效annulment、invalidation经纪人佣金brokerage代理人手续费和津贝占age ncy commissi on and allowa nee 转分手续费overridi ng commissi on未满期保费unearned premium未决赔款outsta nding loss已决赔款paid loss理赔费用loss expe nse初步出险报告prelimi nary loss advice通融赔付ex gratia payme nt未决赔款清单 a stateme nt of un settled claim保费准备金premium reserve deposit起期comme nceme nt终止term in ati on互惠交换分保reciprocati on现金摊赔cash payme nt现有分保业务 curre nt cessi on批单 adde ndum/e ndorseme nt 保费和赔款的支付 premium settleme nt and claimrecovery现金赔款 cash loss临时再保险 facultative rein sura nee 合同再保险 treaty rein sura nee 除外责任 exclusi on支付和摊回 payme nt and recovery 总原始保费 gross origi nal premium 赔款准备金claim/loss reserve最高分保累积责任限额 aggregate cession 一次事故最高责任限额 event limits自负责任 priority超额赔款限制 excess loss limit仲裁 arbitratio n再保险习惯 rein sura nee custom 再保险份额 rein surer 'share 转分保 retrocessi on 转分保分出人 retroceda nt保险金额 amount in sured 分保额 amount rein sured 转分保额 a mount retroceded 协议全损 arran ged total loss 绝对全损 absolute total loss超额赔款成本 burni ng cost 承保能力capacity 专业自营保险公司 captive in sura nee compa ny 分出人 ceda nt 共同保险co-i nsura nee免赔额 deductible 违约 default附加险 extra neous risk 固定保费fixed premium单一佣金/固定手续费flat premium出单公司 /出面公司 /前卫公司 fronting/issuing company最大可能损失 maximum possible loss 预约分保 ope n cover临时固定分包 facultative obligatory rein sura nee 预约保单 ope n policy分出再保险 outward rein sura nee 分保摘要单 rein sura nee particulars 定值保险单 valued policy 定期保险单time policy转分保接收人 retrocessi on aire承保保费 written premium业务量 volume of bus in ess 规定费率 tar 肝rate 选择性风险转移产品 alternative risk transfer特殊交易媒介 special purchase vehicle 公共机构集团public en tity pools再保险也称分保，是保险人将自己承担的风险和责任向其他保险人进行保险的行为 再保险佣金 对于原保险的业务费用开支，再保险人要参与分摊，也称分保手续费。
全球再保险公司排名2011
2011年全球再保险公司排名（按照2010年再保险费收入排名，英文以百万美元计）1. Munich Reinsurance Company—$31,280慕尼黑再保险公司–312.8亿美元2. Swiss Reinsurance Company Limited—24,756瑞士再保险公司– 247.56亿美元3. Hannover Rueckversicherung AG—15,147汉诺威再保险公司151.47亿美元4. Berkshire Hathaway Inc. —14,374伯克希尔-哈萨威（沃伦.巴菲特的公司）—143.74亿美元5. Lloyd’s—12,977劳合社– 129.77亿美元6. SCOR S.E. — 8,872法国再保险公司—88.72亿美元7. Reinsurance Group of America Inc. — 7,201美国再保险集团—72.01亿美元8. Allianz S.E. — 5,736安联保险—57.36亿美元9. Partner Re Ltd.— 4,88110. Everest Re Group Ltd. —4,20111. Transatlantic Holdings Inc. —4,133大西洋控股公司—41.33亿美元12. Korean Reinsurance Company —4,114韩国再保险公司--41.14亿美元13. China Reinsurance (Group) Corporation —3,796中国再保险集团公司—37.96亿美元14. London Reinsurance Group Inc. —3,266伦敦再保险集团– 32.66亿美元15. MAPFRE RE, Compania de Reaseguros, S.A. —3,14316. General Insurance Corporation of India —2,573印度保险公司– 25.73亿美元17. Assicurazioni Generali SpA —2,463麒麟保险（意大利）-- 24.63亿美元18. AEGON N.V. —2,391荷兰保险—23.91亿美元19. QBE Insurance Group Limited —2,280QBE保险集团– 22.80亿美元20. XL Group plc—2,255XL集团– 22.55亿美元21. MS&AD Insurance Group Holdings Inc.—2,20622. The Toa Reinsurance Company Limited—2,02123. Axis Capital Holdings Limited—1,83424. Caisse Centrale de Reassurance—1,81425. Odyssey Re Holdings Corp.—1,62526. Tokio Marine Holdings Inc.—1,466东京海上控股公司—14.66亿美元27. Catlin Group Limited—1,290Catlin 集团– 12.9亿美元28. Renaissance Re Holdings Ltd.—1,16529. Aspen Insurance Holdings Limited—1,16230. ACE Limited—1,14631. Validus Holdings Ltd.—1,10132. Flagstone Reinsurance aHoldings Limited—1,09833. White Mountains Insurance Group, Ltd.—1,07934. Amlin plc—1,00435. Manulife Financial Corporation—97236. American Agricultural Insurance Company—94137. Endurance Specialty Holdings Ltd.—94138. Alterra Capital Holdings Ltd.—89239. Arch Capital Group Ltd.—87540. IRB - Brasil Resseguros S.A.—78041. Platinum Underwriters Holdings Ltd.—78042. ACR Capital Holdings Pte, Ltd.—752亚洲资本控股有限公司– 7.52亿美元43. Montpelier Re Holdings Ltd.—72044. NKSJ Holdings Inc.—69045. Ariel Holdings Ltd.—64446. Sun Life Financial Inc.—55447. Maiden Holdings Ltd.—55448. Allied World Assurance Company Holdings, AG—524美国AWAC保险控股集团—5.24亿美元49. Central Reinsurance Corporation—45750. W. R. Berkley Corporation—425伯克利集团--4.25亿美元。
保险相关词汇的英语翻译
保险相关词汇的英语翻译acceptance policy 核保政策accounting period 结算期aggregate limit 累积限额aggregated loss 累积损失antiselection 逆选择ART (Alternative Risk Transfer) 新型风险转移balance 所欠款项barrages 堰坝captive pools 自保组合catastrophe risk 巨灾风险ceiding company 分出公司cession limit 分保限额claim-prone 容易出险claims assistance 理赔协助clean cut 结清方式coinsurance 共保commencement and termination 起讫cover承保cover 责任额deposit premium 预付保费destroyed 毁坏earth caves 土坏房屋EPAevent limit 事件限额ex gratia payments 通融赔款excess loss 超额赔款exclusion 除外责任exposed areas 风险承受区域facultative reinsurance 临时分保fault zone 断层区finite risk 有限制的风险flash floods 骤发洪水flooding of rivers 洪水泛滥frame structure 框架结构full coverage 全额承保full insurance value 足额保险价值full liability 全部责任Geophysics Institute 地球物理研究所GNPI 总净保费收入hailstorm 雹暴heavy damage 严重破坏hollow brick wall 空斗砖结构hour clause 小时条款hurricane 飓风individual losses 单一损失insurability 可保性insured losses 保险损失intensity 烈度layering 层次less exposed 损失可能性小liability 责任light damage 轻度破坏line slips 分保条loading 附加费loss occurrence 损失发生loss occurring basis 损失发生基础loss participation 分担损失loss settlement 损失赔付magnitude 震级malicious damage 恶意损害moderate damage 中度破坏multi-story building 多层建建筑Munich Re 慕尼黑再net retained lines 净自留额net retained losses 损失净自赔额no profit commission 无纯益风险non-proportional reinsurance 非比例再保险notification 告知object 标的obligatory reinsurance 固定分保original deductibles 原始免赔额original rate 原始费率paid-up capital 已付资本peak accelerator 峰值加速度peril 危险PICC Re 中保再placement 安排PML 可能最大损失policyholder 保单持有者pool 共保组合portfolio entry 未满期责任的出帐portfolio outgo 未满期责任的入帐premium 保费previous losses 既往损失priority 分保自留额priority 自付责任proportional reinsurance 比例再保险rainstorm 雨暴rating 费率reinforced concrete building 钢筋混凝土建筑reinstatement 恢复保额reinsured 分出公司reinsurer 再保险人retention 自留额retention areas 滞洪区return period 重现期revoke license 吊销营业执照seaquake 海震second event cover 第二事件承保securitization 证券化seismic demage 震害set-off 抵销shear wall structure 剪力墙结构single 险位超赔spread loss 分散风险stop loss 赔付率超赔storm surges 风暴潮susceptibility of goods to water 易受水浸性tarrif 费率表TG 拐点周期tidal wave 海啸topographic map 地形图tornado 龙卷风total sum insured 总保额treaty-limits 合约限额tube structure 筒体结构underwriting policy 承保政策windstorm 风暴abandonment clause 委付条款act of god 不可抗力actuary 保险精算师all-risks policy一切险保单assignment clause 转让条款average adjuster 海损理算人average clause 共同海损分担条款average 海损、海损分摊branch of insurance 保险类别cargo damage survey 货损检验cargo insurance 货物保险certificate of insurance 保险证明书claim 索赔claim assessor 索赔人claim 索赔compulsory insurance 强制保险coverage 保险总额damage certificate 损坏证明书damage claim 损坏索赔damage 损坏赔偿金deposit premium 预付保险费endorsement 签注endowment policy 人寿定期保险单expiration of policy 保险单满期faa ( free of all average) 全损赔偿fire insurance 火险fpa ( free of particular average) 单独海损不赔free of average 全损赔偿general average 共同海损general policy condition 保险单一般规定indemnity 赔款indemnity 损害赔偿in-full premium 全部保险费initial premium 初期保险费insurance broker 保险经纪人insurance company 保险公司insurance policy 保险单insurance premium 保险费insured, assured 被保险人insurer, underwriter 保险人；保险商jettison 投弃knock-for-knock agreement 互撞免赔协议liability insurance 责任保险life assured 人寿保险投保人life fund 人寿保险基金life insurance 人寿保险loading 人寿保险附加费loss adjuster 损失理算人loss ratio 赔付率marine insurance 海损保险maritime transportation insurance 海洋运输保险mortality tables 死亡率表（用于计算保险风险）motor insurance 汽车保险mutual insurance company 互助保险公司natural calamities 自然灾害natural losses 自然损耗no-claims bonus 无索偿奖金notice of loss 损害通知书null and void 宣告无效obligation of compensation for loss 赔偿的义务particular average 单独海损policy-holder 保险客户reinsurance 再保险；转保renewal premium 续保费renewal续保；延期salvage value 残值；获救货物或船舶的价值sum insured 保险金额survey 查勘termination of risk 保险责任终止third party insurance 第三方保险time hull insurance 船舶定期保险time limit for filing claims 索赔时限time policy 定期保险单to renew 续保u/w (underwriter) 承保人unvalued policy 不定值保单国际贸易英语词汇4[保险] I nsurer保险人Insured投保人Insurance policy保险单Subject matter insured保险标的Insured amount保险金额Premium保险费Basic principles of insurance:A insurable interest保险利益B utmost good faith最大诚信C principle of indemnity补偿原则D proximate cause近因原则Risks:A perils of the sea海上风险B extraneous risks外来风险Losses:A Total Loss全部损失/全损B Partial Loss部分损失General average contribution共同海损分摊Expenses:A sue and labour expenses施救费用B salvage charges救助费用PICC: People’s Insurance Company of China中国人民保险公司C.I.C.: China Insurance Clause中国保险条款I.C.C.: Institute Cargo Clause协会货物条款Basic Risks Coverage:A F.P.A: Free From Particular Average平安险B W.P.A.: With Particular Average水渍险C A.R.: All Risks一切险W/W clause: Warehouse to Warehouse Clause仓至仓条款General Additional Risks:A clash and breakage碰损、破碎险B taint of odour串味险C fresh water and / or rain damage淡水雨淋险D theft, pilferage and non-delivery: T.P.N.D.偷窃、提货不着险E shortage短量险F leakage渗漏险G intermixture and contamination混杂、玷污险H hook damage钩损险I sweat and heating受潮收热险K rust锈损险L breakage of packing包装破裂险Special Additional Risks:A war risk战争险B strike risk罢工险C aflatoxin黄曲霉素险D failure to deliver交货不到险E on deck risk舱面险F import duty risk进口关税险G rejection拒收险H fire risk extension clause(F.R.E.C.)— for storage of cargo at destination of Hong Kong including Kowloon or Macao.货物出口到香港（包括九龙）或澳门存仓火险责任扩展条款Insurance Documents;A insurance policy保险单/大保单B insurance certificate保险凭证C combined certificate联合凭证D open policy预约保单E endorsement批单SRCC: strike, riots and civil commotions罢工、暴动、民变险I.O.P.: irrespective of percentage不论损失程度Claim settlement理赔Insurable value保险价值Franchise免赔率Insurance: To be covered by the Seller for 110% of the total invoice value against All Risks, as per and subject to the relevant ocean marine cargo clauses of the People’s Insurance Company of China, dated January1, 1981.保险由卖方按发票金额的110%投保一切险，以中国人民保险公司1981年1月1日有关海洋运输货物保险条款为准。
Unit 10 Insurance
Text Structure
Sentence Patterns Exercises
（四）Insurance Clause in the Sales Contract
The insurance clause in the sales contract covers several aspects: the party who is to arrange the insurance, risks to be covered, the amount to be insured and so on.
6.War Risk 战争险
7.Strike Risk 罢工险 8.Fire Risk Extension Clause for Storage of Cargo at Destination Hong Kong, Including Kowloon, or Macao 出口货物到香港（包括九龙 在内）或澳门存仓火险责任扩展条款
The insurance terminates when the goods reach the consignee’s warehouse at the destination named in the policy. It is limited, however, to sixty days after completion of discharge of the insured goods from the seagoing vessel at the final port of discharge before they reach the above-mentioned warehouse or place of storage.
自然灾害
海上风险