定语从句专题导学案

1 定语从句专题导学案 开心自测 1. All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those _______ in the forest. A. once they grew B. they grew once C. they once grew D. once grew

2. In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 pm, _____ many people have gone home. A. that B. which C. whose time D. by which time

3. Is this the reason _______ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explained D. why he explained

4. Luckily, we’d brought a road map without ______ we would have lost our way. A. it B. that C. this D. which

5. When he was working there he caught a serious illness from _____ efforts he still suffers. A. which B. that C. whose D. what

6. It’s said that he’s looking for a new job, one ______ he can get more money to support his family. A. when B. where C. that D. which

7. We are living in an age ______ many things are done on computer. A. which B. that C. whose D. when

8. The little time we have together we’ll try _____ wisely. A. spending it B. to spend it C. to spend D. spending that

9. The old building, behind _______ was a famous church, was _______ we used to work. A. that, the place B. it, the place C. which, where D. what, where

10. We will be shown around the city: schools, museums, and some other places, _______ other visitors seldom go. A. what B. which C. where D. when

11. The modern history of Italy dates from 1860, ______ the country became united. A. when B. if C. since D. until

12. All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those _____ in the forest. A. once they grew B. they grew once C. that once grew D. once grew 2

一、定语的概念： 定语是用来修饰名次或代词的。比如： (先试试用横线划出下面短语中的定语，然后在后面的括号里注明是什么在作定语) a beautiful girl （ ） three boys （ ） a shoe factory （ ） Jim’s father ( ) our teacher ( ) the man in the car （ ） the man standing at the door （ ） the man who is talking with Sam （ ） 二、定语从句的概念及主要特征： 1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词；定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后；引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 请划出下列句子中的定语从句、先行词及关系代词： The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.

2. 定语从句的主要特征： （1）先行词要在从句中充当一定的成分； （2）what永远不能引导定语从句； （3）翻译时先译从句，翻译成“…….的”

三、定语从句的基本用法： 定语从句的引导词

关系代词

关系副词

指人指物who(主语、宾语)，whom(宾语)，

that(主语、宾语), whose(定语)

that(主语、宾语),which(主语、宾语)whose(定语)

where (地点状语)when (时间状语)why (原因状语) 定语从句(I): 由关系代词that, which， who, whose引导的定语从句。 定语从句: 修饰名词或代词，在句子中充当定语成分的从句。 先行词: 被定语从句修饰的词。 关系代词: 引导定语从句的词，如that, which， who, whom， whose等，它们指代先行词,并在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要与先行词保持一致。 定语从句的三个步骤： 3

第一，找出先行词； 第二，看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（作主语、宾语、定语或状语）； 第三，选择合适的关系代词或关系副词。 一、关系代词that, which，who, whose引导定语从句的基本用法： 1．that, who（在口语或非正式用法中作宾语; 只可指人）, whom三者都可指代人，在定语从句中，that作主语或宾语；who作主语，也能作宾语；whom只能作宾语，作宾语的关系代词可以省略。 e.g. He is the teacher that/who teaches us English. He is the teacher (that/who/whom) we want to visit. 2．that, which指代物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时也可以省略。 e.g. He has many books that/which are very interesting. 3. whose只用作定语, 可指代人和物。若指物，它还可以与of which互换。 e.g. They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. Please pass me the book whose cover is green. =Please pass me the book of which the cover is green. 二、下面几种情况下必须用that，而不用which引导定语从句： (1) 先行词为不定代词，如all, much, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one等。如： 1.We should do all that is useful to the people . (2) 先行词被only, any, few, little, no, just, very, one of等词修饰时。如： (3) 先行词是序数词时或被序数词修饰时。如： 1.When we talk about Wuxi, the first that comes into mind is Tai Lake. (4) 先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时。如： 1.This is the best that can be done now. (5) 先行词既有人又有物，用which和who都不适合，这时宜用that. 如： 1.The writer and his novel that you have just talked about is really well known . (6) 被修饰词为数词时. 如： 4

1.Yesterday I caught two fish and put them in a basin of water .Now you can see the two that are still alive . (7) 如果有两个从句，其中一个关系代词已用which ,另一个关系代词宜用that，以避免语言的单调或重复。如： 1.Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before. (8) 疑问词是who或which，关系代词宜用that，以避免重复。如： 1. Which is the book that you like best? 三．定语从句中宜用which而不宜用that 的情况: (1) 当关系代词的前面有介词时. 如： 1.A zoo is a park in which many kinds of animals are kept for exhibition. 2.Is this the room in which Mr. White lives? (2) 在非限制性定语从句中. 如： 1.Crusoe's dog, which was are now very old, became ill and died . 2.More and more people are beginning to learn English, which is becoming very popular in our country. (which指代主句) (3) 在一个句子中有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词用了that, 另一个宜用which . 如： 1. Let me show you the novel，that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us. 2. At the station I bought some magazines that might help me to pass the time on the train and which I could pass on to others when I finished them. (4) 当关系代词后面带有插入语时. 如： 1. Here's the English grammar which, as I have told you, will help improve your English. (5) 先行词本身是that, 宜用which . 如： What's that which she is looking at? 四．who 和 that 指代人时，有些情况宜用who, 而不宜用that (1) 先行词为anyone, anybody, those, all, one, ones, they, he, people时. 如： 1.The person I want to learn from is the one who studies hard and works well.