2021小升初英语总复习第十二讲状语从句知识点讲解+练习

第十二讲：状语从句一、【考点解读】状语从句是每年中考单选部分必考的题目之一。

考查的重点是考生容易混淆比较相近的连词在逻辑行文和语篇结构中的使用。

纵观近几年上海的小升初试题，从中可以看出命题者把着眼点放在了对条件状语、让步状语、时间状语从句的考查，时而涉及目的状语从句、结果状语从句和原因状语从句。

所以我们这一讲会重点把小升初常考的几个状语从句讲解。

二、【知识讲解】知识点1——状语从句（1）定义：用来修饰主句中的动词、副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。

根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句，地点状语从句，条件状语从句，原因状语从句，结果状语从句，比较状语从句，目的状语从句，让步状语从句。

（2）状语从句，+主句。

状语从句的位置：主句+状语从句。

主句的主语，+状语从句，+主句的谓语以及其他成分。

一、状语从句的分类1. 时间状语从句：在一个句子中作时间状语的句子。

引导词：when(当…时候); while(当…时候); as(当…时候); after(在…以后); before(在…以前);as soon as(一…就…); since(自从…到现在); till / not …until(直到…才)1）时间状语从句常遵循“主将从现”原则，用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。

例如：(1) I will ring you up as soon as I get to New York.As soon as I get to New York I will ring you up(2)I will tell him everything when he comes back.When he comes back,I will tell him everything(3)He won’t believe it until he sees it with his own eyes.until he sees it with his own eyes,He won’t believe it2) 主句+while+从句（主句和从句使用相同时态，有对比的含义，翻译为“而”）主句（用过去进行时，谓语动词是延续性动词）+ when/as/while +从句(用一般过去时，谓语动词是瞬间动词）例如：(1) My mother was cooking while my father was watching TV.(2) The students were reading when the teacher came in.3)在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的复合句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含义是“一直到……时”，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。

如果主句用否定式，其含义是“直到……才……”, “在……以前不……”, 谓语动词可用瞬间动词。

例如：(1) Let’s wait till the rain stops. (wait是延续性动词，所以用肯定句)(2) We won’t start until Bob comes. (start是非延续性动词，故要用not … until，为否定句)2. 原因状语从句：在一个句子中表示原因的句子, 译作“因为”。

连接词：由连词because（从句位置灵活）, since, as（从句一般置于句首）引导（1）I didn’t go to school yesterday because I was ill.=（I was ill yesterday, so I didn’t go to school.）（2）As /Since it is raining now,we had better stay at home.3. 条件状语从句连接词：if如果, unless (=if not) 除非。

（主将从现原则）举例：If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go hiking.注意：1）条件状语从句，也遵循“主将从现”的原则。

例如：(1) I will help you with your English if I am free tomorrow.(2) He won’t be late unless he is ill.(3) We will have a picnic if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.2)“祈使句+ and (or)+ 陈述句”=带有条件状语从句的复合句。

例如：(1) Hurry up, or you’ll be late. = If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late.(2) Study hard and you will pass the exam. = If you study hard, you will pass the exam.4. 结果状语从句结果状语从句由so that, so… that引导。

例如：He has lost his bike so that he can't come to school on time.（结果状语）他丢失了自行车，所以不能准时到校。

Your shirt were so dirty that you must wash it.（结果状语）你的衬衣这么脏，你应该把它洗洗。

注意：由so…that引导的状语从句若表示否定，可以用too…to（太…而不能）来替换。

例如：She was so angry that she could not say a word.=She was too angry to say a word.她气得说不出话来。

5.让步状语从句让步状语从句一般用though（虽然）、although（虽然）、even though（即使）引导。

例如：Though/Although he tried hard, he was not successful.他虽然努力尝试，但没有成功。

He went on working though it was very late.虽然很晚了，他还在继续工作。

6.方式状语从句as( 像....)，as if/as though(好像...)，the way（以...方式）1）引导词Let’s study as Lei Feng studied. 让我们像雷锋那样学习吧。

Think as I think. 像我这样去想。

He talks as if/though he is drunk.从他谈话的样子来看他好像醉了。

Please pronounce the word the way I do.请照我这样,读这个单词.三、【典例探究】【例题1】：( ) 1. Tom didn’t eat dinner he finished his homework. He worked very hard.A. orB. whileC. ifD. until【答案】C【解析】选C。

本题考查until引导的时间状语从句。

句意为“直到Tom完成了作业，他才吃饭。

”( )2.—We'll go for a picnic if it ________ this Sunday.— Wish you a lovely weekend.A.rainB. doesn't rainC. won't rain【答案】B【解析】选B。

考查if引导的条件状语从句。

当主句是一般将来时，if引导的条件状语从句应该用一般现在时。

句意为“如果这个星期天不下雨的话，我们进行野餐”。

故选B。

( )3. Teresa is ________ nervous ________ she can't talk in front of the class.A.such, thatB. too, toC. so, that【答案】C【解析】选C。

考查状语从句引导词的用法。

such…that…, so…that…引导结果状语从句，such 后接名词，so后接形容词或副词。

too…to…, too后接形容词或副词, to后接动词原形。

根据句意：特丽莎很紧张以至于不敢在同学面前说话。

故选C.( )4. -- What's your plan for the summer holidays?--I'll go to Beijing_____ the school term ends.A.in order thatB. so thatC. as soon asD. even though【答案】C【解析】选C。

本题考查as soon as引导的时间状语从句，当主句中出现一般将来时，同学们要联想到从句也可能是一般将来时，再结合时间状语从句的时态，当主句和从句都表示将来时，主句用一般将来时，而从句要用一般现在时表示将来。

所以选择C。

( )5. — We'll go for a picnic if it ____ this Sunday.— Wish you a lovely weekend.A. rainB. doesn't rainC. won't rain【答案】B【解析】选B。

考查if引导的条件状语从句。

当主句是一般将来时，if引导的条件状语从句应该用一般现在时。

句意为“如果这个星期天不下雨的话，我们进行野餐”。

故选B。

四、【课堂运用】【基础】【练习1】I. Choose the best answer. （选择最恰当的答案）1. Get up early and do exercise e very day, _______ you won’t have a strong body.A. butB. forC. andD. or2. Which mobile phone would you like to buy, a Nokia _______ an iPhone 4?A. soB. orC. butD. and3. Jack was half an hour late for the party _______ he was stuck in a traffic jam.A. unlessB. whileC. becauseD. if4. My uncle doesn’t have much money, _______ he always enjoys himself.A. butB. soC. andD. or5. We must do something to protect the earth, _______ we will lose our home.A. orB. butC. soD. and答案：DBCAA【练习2】6. You can buy computers at a local shop. They’re usually more expensive, _______ you can get better after-sales service.A. andB. butC. soD. or7. _______ the World Expo was over, a lot of visitors still go to the China Pavilion to enjoy themselves and take photos.A. AlthoughB. SinceC. WhenD. As8. Tony, what would you like for fourteenth birthday, an MP4 _______ a bike?A. butB. andC. orD. so9. My father was preparing for his speech _______ my mother was doing some washing last night.A. whileB. untilC. unlessD. if10. We will remember the picture _______ it is silly, strange and colourful.A. untilB. ifC. beforeD. after 答案：BACAB【巩固】【练习1】11. The manager thought the old lady was right, _______ he didn’t take her advice.A. orB. soC. butD. and12. This English-English dictionary cost me a lot, _______ it’s really useful for me.A. soB. norC. orD. but13. The story took place in Italy many years ago, _______ many people still remember it.A. soB. orC. butD. and14. Will you help him _______ you see an old man lying in the middle of the street?A. thoughB. whenC. becauseD. if15. A good friend always gives you a helping hand _______ you’re in trouble.A. whenB. beforeC. untilD. though 答案：CDCBA【练习2】I. Choose the best choice （选择最恰当的答案）1. You will be late _______you leave immediately.A. unlessB. untilC. ifD. or2. The volleyball match will be put off if it _______.A. will rainB. rainsC. rainedD. is raining3.-- I will call you as soon as I _______ in Shanghai.A. arriveB. arrivesC. arrivingD. will arrive4. --Did David go to school yesterday?--No, _______ he had a bad cold.A. becauseB. ifC. thoughD. but5. _______ he’s old, he can still carry this heavy bag.A. ThoughB. SinceC.ForD. So【答案】1.A 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.A【拔高】【练习1】6. As she _______ the newspaper, Granny _______ asleep.A. read, was fallingB. was reading, fellC. was reading, was fallingD. read, fell7. It is 50 years _______ the People’s Republic of China was founded.A. afterB. beforeC. whenD. since8. It is ten years _______ I left home.A. whenB. afterC. sinceD. as9. I often visited Tian’an Men Square _______ I was staying in Beijing.A. untilB. duringC. whileD. throughout10. I usually watch TV in the evening _______ I have to study for an examination.A. becauseB. unlessC. whileD. the moment【答案】6.B 7.A 8.B 9.C 10.B【练习2】1.Readers won’t be interested in a comic strip (漫画) _______ it doesn’t have much action.2. Don’t stay up too late, _______ you’ll find it hard to get up on time tomorrow.3. Susan did quite well in the final exam _______ she had missed two weeks’ lessons.1. _______ the manager can’t make the service better, the shop will s oon lose all the customers.2. I decided not to buy frozen dumplings _______ the government said they were safe.3. Put these used batteries into the green bins, _______ it will pollute the environment.4. I have something important to discuss with Tim. I will wait for Tim _______ he gets back.1. I can’t understand the sentence _______ there are no new words in it.2. Do more exercise every day, _______ you’ll be stronger than before.3. He didn’t realize his mistake _______ he was told about it.4. _______ you have been in Beijing for many years, you must be familiar with the city.【答案】1.if 2.or 3.though【答案】1.If 2.though 3.or 4.until【答案】1.though 2.and 3.until 4.Since五、【课后巩固】【习题1】1( ) 1 The meeting didn't start___ everyone was there.A. becauseB. untilC. whyD. if( ) 2 The boy ___ to bed ___ his mother came in.A. went not; untilB. didn't go; afterC. went; untilD. didn't go; until( ) 3 I won't believe you___ I have seen it with my own eyes.A. beforeB. untilC. afterD. when( ) 4 He ___ home ___ she was satisfied ___ his answer yesterday.A. didn't go; until; withB. wasn't go; after; toC. doesn't go; before; withD. didn't go; until; to( ) 5 He ___ back until the work ___ done.A. isn't; will beB. isn't; isC. won't be; will beD. won't be; is( ) 6 They didn't start the work ___ their teacher came back.A. untilB. whileC. as soon asD. if2( ) 1 Tom will call me as soon as he ___ Shanghai.A. arrivesB. will reachC. arrives inD. get to( ) 2 I'm sure he'll come to see me before he ___ Beijing.A. will leaveB. is leavingC. leaveD. leaves( ) 3 I will tell him the news as soon as he___ back.A. comeB. comesC. will comeD. came3( ) 1 Tom has got a watch. He ___ it for two years. It _______ by his father.A. has bought; was boughtB. has got; is bought ,C. was bought; has bought .D. has had; was bought( ) 2 When he got to the station, the train ___.A. leftB. had leftC. leavesD. has left( ) 3 The boy told his father what he ___ in the street.A. sawB. have seenC. had seenD. see( ) 4 We ___ TV when the telephone ____.A. watched; was ringingB. were watching; rangC. watch; ringsD. are watching; rang( ) 5 By the end of last term, I___ ten books.A. had finished readingB. have finish readingC. had finish to readD. finish read4( ) 1 I ___ you for a long time. Where ___ you ___?A. didn't see; did; goB. didn't see; have; goneC. haven't seen; have; beenD. haven't seen; have; gone( ) 2 Tom___ China for 3 years.A. has beenB. has been inC. has been toD. has been at( ) 3 I won't go to see the film tonight, because I ___ my ticket.A. lostB. have lostC. will loseD. didn't lose( ) 4 -Hello! May I speak to Bob?-Sorry, but he ___ for a month.A. had been awayB. was leftC. leftD. has been away( ) 5 I ___ him since I began to live in the city.A. knowB. have knownC. knewD. will know( ) 6 Zhao Lan ___ already ___ in this school for two years. A. was; studying B. will; study C. has; studied D. are; studying5( ) 1 Betty didn't go to see the film yesterday ___ she was ill.A. becauseB. butC. untilD. if( ) 2 May I sit nearer___I can see more clearly?A. as ifB. so thatC. even ifD. so( ) 3 ___ you work hard, you will certainly succeed.A. ThoughB. IfC. BecauseD. For( ) 4 ___ he came to study in the university, he has made much progress in the study of English.A. WhileB. WhenC. SinceD. After( ) 5 I'd like to go swimming _____ the water is not too cold.A. forB. unlessC. ifD. whether6( ) 1 There are ___ many league members in class 2 ___ in Class 4.A. both; andB. so; thatC. either; orD. as; as( ) 2 -Do you have a big library?-No, we don't. At least, not___yours.A. as big asB. as big thanC. as bigger thanD. bigger as( ) 3 Suzhou is not ____ beautiful ____ Hangzhou.A. as; thanB. so; asC. even; thanD. /; than( ) 4 Iron is more useful ___ any other metal.A. asB. thanC. thenD. so7( ) 1 I want to know ___ she is going to see a film.A. ifB. thatC. whatD. which( ) 2 You are sure to pass the exam ___ you study hard.A. ifB. thoughC. thatD. since( ) 3 I'll go to see the film with you___I have time this evening.A. whetherB. soC. ifD. when( ) 4 ___ you study harder, you'll never pass the final exam.A. IfB. UntilC. UnlessD. Except8( ) 1 Although it was raining,_____ still worked in the fields.A. but theyB. and theyC. theyD. and yet they( ) 2 ___ there were only five soldiers left at the front, ___ they went on fighting.A. Because; soB. If; andC. Though; butD. Though; /( ) 3 ___ she is very old, ___ she can still work eight hours a day.A. Because; soB. Though; butC. As; yetD. Though; yet9( ) 1 Please answer the question in a loud enough voice ___ all the class may hear.A. so, thatB. orC. in order thatD. and( ) 2 Lift it up___I may see it.A. thoughB. so thatC. asD. than( ) 3 I hurried___I wouldn't be late for class.A. soB. so thatC. ifD. unless( ) 4 We should go by bus ___ we can get there earlier.A. as soon asB. whereC. in order thatD. as10( ) 1 The dictionary is so expensive ___ I can't buy it.A. becauseB. whenC. thatD. if( ) 2 I got there ___ late ___ I didn't see him.A. too; toB. such; thatC. so; thatD. so; as( ) 3 It is ___ hot in the room ___ we have to go out for a walk.A. such; thatB. so; thatC. as; asD. such; as( ) 4 He has___ an interesting book that we want to read it.A. soB. suchC. the sameD. as答案：1. 1-6 B D B A D A2. 1-3 C D B3. 1-5 D B C B A4. 1-6 C B B D B C5. 1-5 A B B C C6. 1-4 D A B B7. 1-4 A A C C8. 1-3 C D D9. 1-4 C B B C10. 1-4 C C B B第十二讲：状语从句二、【考点解读】状语从句是每年中考单选部分必考的题目之一。