2017-2019高考英语真题分类解析---形容词和副词
2017-2019高考英语真题分类解析
形容词和副词
一、2019年高考真题
1.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】28.Unlike traditional gyms, app-backed gyms offer people ___________ options to exercise.
A. casual
B. regular
C. flexible
D. tight
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：不像传统的体育锻炼，有app软件的体育锻炼提供了灵活的锻炼选项。
A. casual偶然的，随便的；
B. regular定期的，有规律的；
C. flexible灵活的；
D. tight紧的，密封的。故选C。
2.【2019·新课标I卷·语法填空】It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been ___62___ (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.
【答案】poorly
【解析】考查副词用法。根据句意和结构分析可知，此处用副词poorly修饰谓语动词has been studied，意为“研究很少”。故填poorly。
3.【2019·新课标II卷·语法填空】Her years of hard work have ___63___(final)been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名)her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.
【答案】finally
【解析】考查副词用法。根据空格所处位置可知，此处应用副词形式作状语，修饰谓语动词have been acknowledged，意为“最终得以认可”，故填finally。
4.【2019·新课标III卷·语法填空】On our way to the house，it was raining ___61___ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get (get)there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.
【答案】so
【解析】考查副词。句意：在我们去那座房子的路上，雨下得如此大以至于我们不能不想还要多久才能到达那里。“so…that…”意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。故填so。
二、2018年高考真题
1.【2018·江苏】34. Despite the poor service of the hotel, the manager is _______ to invest in sufficient training for his staff.
A. keen
B. reluctant
C. anxious
D. ready
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：尽管旅馆服务不好，经理还不愿投入为员工提供足够的培训。A. keen敏锐的；B. reluctant不情愿的；C. anxious渴望的；D. ready准备好的。故选B。
点睛：本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析形容词词义的能力。因此，考生必须充分利用这一特定语境。同时，考生应注意多积累由形容词组成的固定短语。本题中4个选择项中都可以与to连用。be keen to渴望；be reluctant to不情愿做；be anxious to急于；be ready to乐意，再分析句意可以得出答案。
2.【2018·新课标I卷·语法填空】According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 61 (long) than non-runners.
【答案】longer
【解析】考查副词的比较级。医学报告显示：经常跑步的人比不跑步的人多活3年。根据than可知用比较级，故填longer。
3.【2018·新课标I卷··短文改错】I felt happily that their life had improved.
【答案】happily改成happy
【解析】考查形容词作表语。他们的生活有了很大提高，我感到很高兴。此处形容词作表语，故将happily 改成happy。
4.【2018·新课标II卷·语法填空】A taste for meat is ___63___ (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle.
【答案】actually
【解析】考查副词。句意：对肉的需求实际上是这种变化的背后原因。句子结构完整，用副词修饰句子。故填actually。
4.【2018·新课标II卷·语法填空】According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total ___67___ (globe)fertilizer consumption.
【答案】global
【解析】句意：中国约占全球化肥总消费量的30%。fertilizer consumption是名词短语，故应该用形容词修饰。故填global。
5.【2018·新课标III卷·语法填空】He screams the___63___(loud)of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me.
【答案】loudest
【解析】考查最高级。根据后面的of all可知，他声音最大，所以用最高级loudest。
5.【201·浙江卷·语法填空】There could be an even 63 (high) cost on your health.
【答案】higher
【解析】考查形容词比较级。此处修饰名词cost用形容词，由even表示程度修饰比较级，故填higher。
三、2017年高考真题
【2017·江苏卷】29. Only five years after Steve Jobs’ death ,smart–phones defeated _______ PCs in sales.
A. controversial
B. contradictory
C. confidential
D. conventional
【答案】D
考点：考查形容词的辨析
【2017·江苏卷】34. The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents. But _______ explanations are hard to find.
A. alternative
B. aggressive
C. ambiguous
D. apparent
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：考查形容词的辨析。A. alternative可供替代的；B. aggressive好斗的，有进取心的；C. ambiguous 有野心的，耗时的；D. apparent显而易见的。句意：恐龙的消失未必是由天体灾害引起的，但是也很难找到其它的解释。故选A。
考点：考查形容词的辨析
【2017·天津卷】3. —I want to see Mr. White. We have an appointment.
—I’m sorry, but he is not ________ at the moment, for the meeting hasn’t ended.
A. busy
B. active
C. concerned
D. available
【答案】D
考点：考查形容词。
【名师点睛】英语中形容词的考查主要是考查形容词的词义辨析和对语境的理解。本句中的语境很明显，
根据空前的对不起和空后的原因的解释，说明怀特先生没有空，即现在很忙。
2016年高考真题
1.【2016·江苏】31.His comprehensive surveys have provided the most__________statements of how, and on what basis, data are collected.
A. explicit
B. ambiguous
C. original
D. arbitrary
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：考查形容词词义辨析。形容词explicit明晰的，清楚的；ambiguous模棱两可的，含糊不清的；original原始的，最初的；arbitrary任意的，专制的；句意：对于如何以及在什么基础上收集数据，他的综合调查提供了最清晰的说明。故A正确。
考点：考查形容词词义辨析
2.【2016·江苏】31.His comprehensive surveys have provided the most__________statements of how, and on what basis, data are collected.
A. explicit
B. ambiguous
C. original
D. arbitrary
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：考查形容词词义辨析。形容词explicit明晰的，清楚的；ambiguous模棱两可的，含糊不清的；original原始的，最初的；arbitrary任意的，专制的；句意：对于如何以及在什么基础上收集数据，他的综合调查提供了最清晰的说明。故A正确。
考点：考查形容词词义辨析
3.【2016·浙江】16. In this article , you need to back up general statements with ________ examples.
A. specific
B. permanent
C. abstract
D. universal
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：句意：在文章中，你需要用具体的例子来支持总的观点。A.具体，明确的；B.永久的；C.抽象的；
D.全球的，共通的。故选A。
考点：考查形容词辨析。
【名师点睛】把相似、相近的词语或结构放在一起作为干扰选项，若我们基础知识掌握不牢就难于区分。解答这类题目，关键是理解题干意思以及各选项副词的意思，可以像数学中的代入法一样，依次把各个选
项意思放入句子中进行比较，不难选出正确答案。还有抓住句中的关键词general和specific对应。
2020年高考英语专题12 形容词和副词 解析版
2020年高考英语专题12 形容词和副词 【2020年】 1.（2020·新课标I卷）Landing on the moon’s far side is 62 (extreme) challenging. 【答案】extremely 【解析】考查副词。句意：登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词challenging，应使用extreme的副词形式，故填extremely。 2.（2020·新课标I卷）Data ab out the moon’s composition, such as how69 ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether its plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical. 【答案】much 【解析】考查形容词。句意：关于月亮构成的数据，比如它含有多少水和其他财富，可以帮助中国决定它未来月球基地的计划是否实用。ice是不可数名词，应使用much修饰，故填much。 3.（2020·新课标I卷）Today I tried cooking a simply dish myself. 【答案】将simply改为simple 【解析】考查形容词。句意：今天我自己尝试做一道简单的菜。根据名词dish可知，此处应用形容词作定语，故将simply改为simple。 4.（2020·新课标II卷）Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and office. 66 (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. 【答案】Certainly 【解析】考查副词。句意：当然在假期期间，这种植物是绝对必要的事物。介词短语做时间状语，因此只有改变成副词才能复合句子结构，用副词形式做状语。故填Certainly。 5.（2020·新课标II卷）The 69 (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. 【答案】beautiful 【解析】考查形容词。句意：美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾，做成漂亮的装饰。修饰名词branches，用形容词形式。故填beautiful。 6.（2020·新课标II卷）I’m surely you’ll have a good time. 【答案】将surely改为sure 【解析】考查形容词。句意：我相信你会玩得很开心的。分析句子，此处be动词am后面需用形容词作表语。故将surely改为sure。
中考英语真题形容词和副词词义辨析
2019年中考英语真题---形容词和副词词义辨析（一） 1.【2019 ? 福建省】More and more people have realized that clear water and green mountains are as as mountains of gold a and silver. A. central B. special C. valuable 2.【2019 ?兰州市】How ____ it rained yesterday! We had to cancel our football match. A heavily B. light C. heavy D. lightly 3.【2019 ?安徽省】—The 5G technology can help doctors treat patients who are hundreds of kilometers away. — It's really ____. A. secret B. direct C. amazing D. traditional 4.【2019 ?安徽省】I came to school ____ this morning because it was my turn to clean our classroom. A. early B. slowly C. quietly D. suddenly 5.【2019 ?山东滨州市】The artist is so ________ that he can make different changing pictures with sand. A. common B. careless C. creative D. helpful 6.【2019 ?山东滨州市】—Confucius Institute (孔子学院) has been set up in many other countries. —Yes, Chinese is _______ spoken in those countries. I am proud of that as a Chinese. A. hardly B. widely C. never D. seldom 7.【2019 ?江西省】Peter spoke so ______ that I could hardly hear him.
高考英语形容词,副词知识点真题汇编及答案(1)
高考英语形容词，副词知识点真题汇编及答案(1) 一、选择题 1．Auto companies are taking a(n) ______ approach toward introducing electric cars until they better understand the market. A．casual B．enthusiastic C．considerate D．cautious 2．Whenever I have seven ________ days off, I do not know what to do with all the time I have. A．straight B．direct C．basic D．former 3．Since global climate change is obvious, the home use of ________ energy like clean wind and solar power systems is increasing. A．primary B．alternative C．instant D．urban 4．Nowadays, many people struggle to maintain the ______ balance between work and family. A．deliberate B．delicate C．desperate D．definite 5．To _______ its construction, the Potala Palace is _______ to a limited number of tourists every day. A．preserve; available B．reserve; available C．preserve; accessible D．reserve; accessible 6．He had one mistress to whom he was faithful to the day of his death：Music. Not for ________ moment did he ever give up what he believed, or what he loved. A．a single B．the slightest C．quite a D．the very 7．---Have you finished your experiment report, Peter? ---Oh, my God. I’ve fogotten all about it. A．possibly B．selflessly C．exactly D．entirely 8．, few of us admit that examinations can contribute anything really important to the studen ts’ academic development. A．Actually B．Frequently C．Especially D．Sincerely 9．There are ______ flowers and trees shown in the park and_______ people go to have a look. A．plenty of; much B．various; many C．varieties of; various of D．quite a few; quite a little 10．In that school, English is compulsory for all students, but French and Russian are _______. A．special B．regional C．optional D．original 11．Having considering all the ______ evidence, the court found him not guilty. A．subjective B．steady C．severe D．solid 12．People complain that decisions to approve or deny a permit are often ______ rather than based on fixed criteria. A．appropriate B．conscious C．arbitrary D．controversial 13．- Can those _______ at the back of the classroom hear me? - No problem. A．are sitting B．seating C．seated D．sat 14．It took us quite a long time to get here. It was ______journey. A．three-hour B．a three hour C．a three-hour D．three hours
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语法复习专题四——形容词和副词 备考建议： 1．从几年来收集到的题目中可以看出高考对形容词和副词的考查主要集中在以下两点： (1)形容词的比较级和最高级； (2)在具体语境中辨析形容词和副词语义。 另外，考查形容词作定语时的语序问题的试题也不少。 2．对于比较级的考查，淡化结构，注重深层语义。“比较”的意思并不是直接能从“结构”中看出来的，而是从语句的深层意义中挖掘出来的。 3．在加强考查词义辨析的题目中，高考不但加强了对语义的考查(而不仅仅是语法)，随着新教材词汇量的增大，而且注重对词汇扩展能力的考查。 要做好各类有关形容词和副词的试题应从这几方面去努力： 1．对单音节形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成、双音节和多音节的形容词及副词的比较级和最高级的构成，要加强记忆、找出其中规律；灵活掌握修饰比较级和最高级的副词和一些短语。 2．对某些副词的词义还需进一步认识，多数形容词在加-ly后，词义基本不变，而有些则不同，如：hard—hardly. 3．加强形容词、副词比较级考点的学习与应用，尤其是比较级在某些特定结构中的特殊含义，比较级及其修饰语的搭配和用法。巧记名词前多个形容词的排列顺序，形容词、副词等在不同语境下的辨析，要不断地提高分析试题的能力，克服思维定势，灵活运用所学的知识。 (1)加强对比较级和最高级表达法的学习，尤其是一些常见的句型，要做到张口能诵的程度。在理解上，不能留任何疑点。 (2)加强对形容词和副词的词义和用法的学习，要做到“词不离句，句不离义”。做题时，要结合语境，注意惯用法和固定搭配认真辨析从而做出最佳选择。 (3)判断句子成分，如果是作定语、表语等，一般是用形容词；如果是作状语、修饰谓语动词或形容词和副词，一般应用副词。但注意也有特殊情况，如形容词(短语)可作伴随或结果状语。 (4)分清句子结构，看看该句应该用原级、比较级还是最高级。 (5)注意特殊的含有形容词比较级的句型。 考点聚焦 1、形容词、副词的作用与位置 形容词是用来修饰名词的，常被放在名词前作定语，或放在系动词后面作表语。而副词则用来修饰形容词、动词，其他副词或者句子，一般位于形容词之前，动词之后或句子之首。以下属几种特殊情况，须牢记； （1）形容词短语作定语，定语后置。如：a language difficult to master （2）表语形容词（afraid、alike、alone、asleep、awake、alive等）作定语，定语后置。如a man alive。有些表身体健康状况的形容词如well、faint、ill只作表语。sick 既可作表语又可作定语，ill如作定语意为“bad”。 （3）用作定语，修饰由不定代词one、no、any、some和every构成的复合词如anything、something等时，通常后置。如：I have something important to tell you.
2019年英语中考真题汇编·形容词、副词
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