高中英语语法系统讲解之十二主谓一致
高中英语语法系统讲解之十二
主谓一致
主谓一致指的是句子的主语和谓语动词在人称和数上应保持一致，通常指的主谓一致是主语和谓语在单数和复数上的一致性。
一. 主谓一致的三个原则
1. 语法一致原则
主语单复数决定谓语动词的单复数形式，即主语是单数，谓语用单数；主语是复数，谓语用复数。如The number of errors is surprising.
Two students are waiting for you in your office.
2. 意义一致原则
主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数；主语形式为复数，但意义上为单数，谓语动词用单数。如The crowd were running for their lives.
The news was very surprising.
形复意单的单词有news，works（工厂），means和以ics结尾的学科名词politics，physics，economics 等。
3. 就近原则
谓语动词的单复数取决于最靠近它的词语，主要体现在由or，either … or，neither… nor …，not only … but also等连接的主语及there be …句型中。
如Nither you nor I am wrong.
There is a pen, five pencils and two pencilboxes on the table.
二、谓语动词用单数形式的情况
1、单个的不可数名词、单数名词（尽管后面跟着with，together with，along with，like，including，as well
as，in addition to，rather than，but，except，more than等连接的短语）作主语时，谓语动词用单数式。
如：The news is going about quickly in the small town.
A woman with two children has come.
Helen as well as I is eager to see the performance.
You rather than I are going to go camping.
2、one，no one，nobody，anyone，anybody，someone，somebody，one of，every，everyone，everybody，
each，either，neither等用作主语或修饰主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
如：Everyone wishes for happiness.
Neither answer is correct.
3、动名词短语、不定式短语、名词性从句作主语时，谓语用单数形式。
如：Reading aloud is a good way of learning English.
To give you a hand when you are in trouble is my pleasure.
Whether the plan is practical remains to be proved.
4、表示一个国家、组织、事件、作品等的专有名词以及以s结尾的学科名称作主语时，谓语动词用单数
形式。如：I think Mathematics is an interesting subject.
One Thousand And One Nights is well-known all over the world.
5、and所连接的两个单数名词作主语，指同一人、同一件事或同一概念时，其谓语动词用单数。
如：This bread and butter is too thick.
Your colleague and former college friend is coming to our home tomorrow.
6、表示“时间、距离、金额、重量、体积等”的词语作主语时，通常作为整体来看待，谓语动词用单数。
如：Twenty years is a long time in one’s life.
Ten miles is too long a distance for an old man to walk on foot.
7、more than one和many a后接可数名词单数，谓语用单数式。
如：More than one man has been dismissed.
Many a young person wants to be a pop star.
8、and连接的两个名词分别是every，each，no等修饰，谓语动词常用单数形式。
如：Every boy and (every) girl has shown great interest in the field trip.
Each man, (each) woman and (each) child has the same right.
9、不定代词each作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，但要注意区别：当each作主语的同位语时，谓语动词
用复数式。如：Each of us enjoys such an activity.
If we each save $5 a week, we’ll do it in ten weeks.
10、专有名词，如国名、人名、书名、组织机构等作主语，形式上即使是复数，谓语动词也要用单数。如
The United States is in North America.
The New York Times has a wide circulation.
二、谓语动词用复数形式的情况
1、有and连接的并列主语及both，few，a few，several，many，a great many，a number of等修饰的可数
名词复数，后面谓语动词用复数式。
如：Few people know he and I were classmates when we were at college.
A great many people have come to see the exhibition.
2、集体名词police，cattle，folk / folks只能看作复数名词，作主语时，谓语要用复数形式。
如：The police have surrounded the building.
3、不可数名词前面加上表示单位的词进行计量，单位词是复数时，谓语用复数式。
如：Three million tons of coal were exported that year.
4、当表示民族的形容词与冠词连用作主语时，谓语用复数式。
如：The Chinese are brave and hardworking.
5、one or two后接复数名词，谓语用复数。
如：At the end of Mr. Li’s class, one or two questions are often left for us to think about.
There are one or two things I want to talk over with you.
三、谓语动词可用单数，也可用复数的情况
1、单数与复数同形的名词means，sheep，fish，deer，species，series等作主语时，谓语动词的数随其含
义而定。如：Every possible means has been tried.
Are there any means of getting there earlier?
2、集体名词family，population，audience，public，staff，team，band，group，crowd等作主语时，如将
其看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数；如强调其中的个体，谓语动词用复数。
如：The family is the basic unit of our society.
His family are waiting for him.
3、在“one of + 复数名词+ 定语从句”中，如果定语从句的先行词是复数名词，定语从句中的谓语动词
用复数形式；但在“the only one of + 复数名词+ 定语从句”中，定语从句的先行词是the only one，从句中的谓语动词用单数形式。如：This is one of the most difficult questions that have been asked and Sally is the only one of the girl who is able to answer it.
4、两个作主语的名词或代词有or，neither…nor，either…or，not only…but also等连接时，谓语动词要和后
一个名词或代词保持一致。如果是疑问式则以前面的主语为准，即就近原则。
如：Either you or I am wrong.
Either I or you are wrong.
Am either I or you wrong?
5、all，most，some，rest，none等不定代词或表示数量的短语a lot of，lots of，plenty of，half of，part of
及分数、百分数等与名词连用作主语时，谓语动词的数取决于名词的数。如指的是复数概念，谓语动词用复数，如指的是单数概念，谓语动词用单数。
如：All is right and all are present.
Lots of damage was caused by the fire.
One-third of people present are women.
About 30 percent of the pupils were absent that day.
Nearly 70% of the fund was supplied by the Government.
6、“the + 形容词”作主语时，通常指一类人，谓语用复数。但也可指个别或抽象概念（the true，the good，
the beautiful，the right，the wrong，the false），此时谓语用单数。
如：The old are more likely to catch cold than the young.
The beautiful is not always the good, and the good is not always the true.
7、what引导名词从句作主语时，谓语动词依据意义一致的原则，按所指代的内容确定谓语动词的单复数。
如：What is easy to some people is often difficult to others.
What we’ve bought are just some household supplies.
8、由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句做主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主
语从句，谓语动词用单数。
如：When the meeting will begin and who will attend have not been decided yet.
When and where the meeting will begin has not been decided.
9、a kind of，a pair of等加名词时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。“复数名词+ of this kind”作主语时，谓语
用复数。如：A pair of new glasses is quite expensive.
This kind of men is dangerous.→Men of this kind are dangerous.
10、“a quantity of + 不可数名词”后用单数式，“quantities of +不可数名词”后用复数式。
如：Large quantities of money have been spent on her clothes.
11. 由the majority of + 名词作主语时，位于动词视名词的单复数形式而定。
如The majority of the damage is easy to repair.
The majirity of criminals are non-violent.
12.the rest（of …），the remaining，one half（of …），all（of），part（of …）等词或短语作主语和它们
所修饰的名词或代词作主语，其谓语动词应根据主语所表达的单复数而定。
如The first part of the vacation was frustrating, but the rest of it was exciting.
Part of the foreign teachers in our school are from Canada.
12.当“几分之几（百分之几）+ of + 名词”结构作主语时，一般根据of后的名词的单复数决定谓语动词
的单复数。如Two thirds of the tasks have been completed.
20%of the people in the city object to the price for running water going up.
13. one and a half + 复数名词作主语，谓语一般用单数。
如One and a half apples is a good meal for the child.
最全的高中英语主谓一致讲解及练习-(精华版)
高中英语之“主谓一致” （**）主谓一致的概念。 所谓主谓一致是指“主语和谓语动词”之间，即（主语的人称和单复数形式）决定着（谓语动词对应的形式）。 （一）主谓一致的种类 一、【语法一致】 1. vand连接〉两个或两个以上单数名词或者代词作主语的时候，谓语动词有以下两种情况： （1）如果指两个或两个以上不同的人或事物的时候，谓语动词用复数。 He and she ____ both students of this school. 他和她都是这个学校的学生。 （2）如果连接两个以上的名词指的是同一个人或物，或者指同一概念的时候，谓语要用单数。 The singer and dancer ___ going to give us a performance. 那个歌唱家兼舞蹈演员要给我们表演。 The knife and fork ____ o n the table. 刀叉在桌子上。 2. 如果主语是＜不定式，动词ing形式或主语从句＞的时候,谓语动词一般用单数。 When he is coming seems very important. 他什么时候要来看起来很重要。 Collecting stamps is his hobby. 收集邮票是他的爱好。 To love her is not to break her wings. 爱她就不该折断她自由飞翔的翅膀。 3.定语从句的＜关系代词who, which, that＞在从句中作主语时，要与＜先行词＞的人称和数保持一致。 Those who enjoy singing may join us. Tom, who is your friend, should help you. with, along with, together with, as well as, besides, like, without, except, but, including 如果句子中有这些连接词和主语连用，谓语动词的数＜随主语的变化＞而变化。 例如： The teacher, together with his students, is planting trees in the street. 老师和他的学生们正在街道上植树。 二、［意义一致原则］ ，但在意义上却是复数；有指主谓一致取决于主语的其实际意义。（有的主语名词在形式上是单数 的主语名词在形式上是复数，但在意义上却是单数。）不定代词all, more, some, any, none作主语，谓语动词视情况而定。 All of the apples ___ rotten. 所有的苹果都烂了。 All of the apple ____ rotten. 整个苹果都烂了。 None of the money ____ l eft. 没有剩下一点钱。
高中英语语法系统全解【珍藏版】
高中英语语法系统全解 第一章动词时态 在英语中，不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态，要用不同的动词形式来表示，这就叫做动词的时态。一、一般时 一般时包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时和一般过去将来时。 A.一般现在时 1．一般现在时的构成 一般现在时主要用动词原形来表示。主语是第三人称单数时，动词后面要加-s 或-es。 They want good jobs. 他们想要好的工作。 The coat matches the dress. 外衣和裙子很相配。 This work does not satisfy me. 这项工作我不满意。 Do you understand? 你懂了吗? 2．一般现在时的用法 ①一般现在时的基本用法 a. 表示现在习惯性的动作或存在状态 He always takes a walk after supper. 晚饭后他总是散散步。 Everyone is in high spirits now. 现在大家都情绪高涨。 b. 表示客观事实或普遍真理 The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 太阳从东方升起在西方落下。 Sound travels faster through water than it does through air. 声音在水中的传播速度要比在空气中快。
Time and tide wait for no man. 时间不等人。 c. 表示主语的特征、能力和状态 This cloth feels soft. 这布摸上去很软。 I love classical music. 我喜欢古典音乐。 The President still seems able to find time to go fishing. 看来总统仍能有时间去钓鱼。 d. 表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作 The meeting begins at 7:00. 会议七点钟开始。 We leave here at 8:00 sharp. 我们八点整离开这里。 e. 在时间、条件、让步状语从句中表示将来动作 When you come next time, bring me some magazines. 你下次来时，给我带几本杂志。 If time allows, we shall go there tomorrow. 如果时间允许的话，我们明天去那里。 Whether he agrees or not, I will stay at home. 不管他同意与否，我都会待在家里。 ②一般现在时的特殊用法 a. 用于新闻标题或图片说明中 China Declares Manned Spaceflight Successful 中国宣布载人航天飞行圆满成功 Laura Bush Arrives in Moscow 劳拉·布什抵达莫斯科 b. 用于体育运动、表演等实况报道中 Francis slips past, passes the ball to Yao Ming, who jumps, catches and shoots it into the basket.
高中英语主谓一致知识点讲解
高中英语主谓一致知识点讲解 本文主要讲解主谓一致，并列结构作主语时谓语用复数主谓一致中的靠近原则谓语动词与前面的主语一致 等常见考点。 主谓一致是指： 1）语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。 2）意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。 3）就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语， 一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。例如： There is much water in the thermos. 但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如： Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year. 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数，例如： Reading and writing are very important. 读写很重要。 注意：当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。例如： The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. 钢铁工业对我们的生活有重要意义。 典型例题 The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting. A. is B. was C. are D. were 答案B. 注：先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时，先排除A.，C。本题易误选D，因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人，但仔细辨别，monitor 前没有the，在英语中，当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。后面的职务用and 相连。这样本题主语为一个人，所以应选B。
高中英语主谓一致讲解
高中英语主谓一致 1．名词作主语 1）有些词，如news,maths,physics,politics,the United States等在形式上是复数，但意义上为单数，故谓语动词用单数形式。 The New York Times is widely read in the world. 2)某些集体名词，如family, team,等作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式，如果就其中一个个成员而言，谓语动词用复数形式。如：His family is a happy one. The whole family are watching TV. 这类名词有：audience，class，club，company，crew，enemy，crowd，government，group，party，public，team等。 2）某些集体名词，如people, police, cattle等，只当复数看待，谓语动词必须用复数。如： The police are searching for the thief. 3）当名词词组中心词为表示度量、距离、金额、时间、书名等复数名词时，往往可以根据意义一致的原则，把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语用单数形式。如：Three years has passed since then. 4）不定代词each, every, no所修饰的名词即使以and或逗号连接成多主语时，谓语动词仍用单数形式。如： Each boy and each girl wants to go to the cinema. 5）如果主语有more than one很多非常…或many a许多……构成，尽管从意义上看是复数内容，但它的谓语动词仍用单数形式。如： More than one student has read the book. Many a girl has been there. 6）“one of＋复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数。 One of the students in our class is from Shandong. 7)一些有两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数形式，例如：glasses, clothes, trousers, shoes, compasses, chopsticks, scissors等。但如果主语用“a kind of, a pair of , a series of等加名词”构成时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。如： A pair of shoes was on the desk. 8）this kind of men的谓语动词用单数，men of this kind的谓语动词用复数，all kinds of后跟复数名词，谓语动词用复数形式。如： This kind of men is dangerous. Men of this kind are dangerous. 9）复数形式的单、复数同形名词作主语时，按意义一致原则，作用单数意义时，谓语用单数，反之，谓语用复数。这类名词有：means（方法），works（工厂），species （种类），Chinese，Japanese等。如： The (This) glass works was set up in 1980. (这家玻璃厂建于1980年。)
高考英语主谓一致用法全汇总
高考英语主谓一致用法全汇总 一、主谓一致的概念 主谓一致是指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系。一般情况下，主谓之间的一致关系由以下三个原则支配： 语法一致原则、意义一致原则、就近原则。 “主谓一致”考查内容涉及名词单数或复数作主语、不可数名词作主语、不定式作主语、并列结构作主语、特殊名词作主语时与谓语动词的一致等。 二、名词作主语 01 某些集体名词，如family，team等作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式，如果就其中一个个成员而言，谓语动词用复数形式。 如： His family is a happy one.他的家庭是一个幸福的家庭。 The whole family are watching TV.全家人都在看电视。 这类名词有audience，class，club，company，crew，enemy，crowd，government，group，party，public，team等。名词population一词的使用情况类似。 “a group(crowd) of+复数名词”等短语之后的谓语动词也同样可用单数或复数，前者强调整体，后者强调各个部分。
02 某些集体名词，如people，police，cattle等，只当复数看待，谓语动词必须用复数。 The police are searching for the thief.警察正在搜捕那个贼。03 单、复数同形的名词作主语时，谓语动词应根据意义决定单、复数。 如： A sheep is over there.那边有只羊。 Some sheep are over there.那边有些羊。 04 名词所有格之后的名词被省略，这种情况一般只指商店、工厂、住宅等，作主语时，动词一般用单数。 如： The doctor’s is across the street.诊所在街道的对面。 My uncle’s is not far from here.我叔叔家离这儿不远。常见的省略名词有the baker’s，the barber’s，the carpenter’s，the Zhang’s等。 表示店铺的名词，一般作集体名词看待，但用作主语时，谓语动词往往用复数。 如：
人教版高中英语【必修二】[语法讲解
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l主谓一致讲解最全面主谓一致讲解
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高中英语语法(全英详细讲解)
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高中英语主谓一致讲解
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高中英语语法大全(详细)
第一主题英语语法系统全解（一） 第1章动词时态 2-4楼 第2章被动语态 5-7 楼 第3章虚拟语气 9-11 楼 第4章情态动词 12-16楼 第5章动词不定式 17-20 楼 第6章动词的ing形式 21-24楼 第7章过去分词 25-27楼 第8章独立主格结构 28－30楼 第9章名词性从句 31－33楼 第10章定语从句 35－40楼 第11章状语从句（一） 40－45楼 第11章状语从句（二） 第12章直接引语和间接引语 第13章倒装 第14章强调 第15章省略 第16章主谓一致 动词时态－－一般时 第一章动词时态（一） 在英语中，不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态，要用不同的动词形式来表示，这就叫做动词的时态。 一、一般时 一般时包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时和一般过去将来时。
A.一般现在时 1．一般现在时的构成 一般现在时主要用动词原形来表示。主语是第三人称单数时，动词后面要加-s或-es。 “我’为开头做称呼的是第一人称 ‘你’怎么怎么样是第二人称 ‘他她它’是第三人称 第三人称就是第三人称转述。 例：小兰对妈妈说：“我要出去玩了” 第三人称：小兰对妈妈说，她要出去玩了。 第三人称，就是说是叙述性质的，没有人的语言，是旁白在记叙！ 以我的角度说，就是第一人称； 以和你说的角度说，就是第二人称； 站在事情外说事情，他怎么怎么样，那就是第三人称了 They want good jobs. 他们想要好的工作。 The coat matches the dress. 外衣和裙子很相配。 This work does not satisfy me. 这项工作我不满意。 Do you understand? 你懂了吗? 2．一般现在时的用法 ①一般现在时的基本用法 a. 表示现在习惯性的动作或存在状态 He always takes a walk after supper. 晚饭后他总是散散步。 Everyone is in high spirits now. 现在大家都情绪高涨。 b. 表示客观事实或普遍真理 The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
高中英语语法全英详解
必修一 语法点一：Be+v.ing表将来use the present continuous tense for future plans In English, we have lots of ways of talking about the future. The most common ways of talking about the future we encounter use ‘will’ or ‘be going to’ followed by an infinitive（动词原形）, and we tend to use ‘be going to’ most often for talking about future plans. Sometimes, we also use the present continuous tense to talk about future plans. Ex. ①we are going to Mexico next Sunday. ②Are you coming to the cinema? ③He is leaving for London in two hours. ④We are spending next winter in Australia. Only some verbs can be used in this situation, such as: go, arrive, come, leave, start, stay, return, play, have, work, wear, spend, see, meet, etc. 扩展： What’s the difference between using ‘be going to’ and the present continuous to talk about future plans? Let’s look at some more examples: “I’m going to play football on Saturday” You have made a plan in your head but possibly not taken any real action to confirm it. Also, playing football on Saturday is probably not a regular event for you. “I’m playing football on Saturday” You have made a plan and taken some real action to confirm it (e.g. called your friends or booked a place to play). In this case, it’s likely that playing football on Saturdays is a common activity for you. 语法点二：Direct speech and indirect speech(直接引语和间接引语) Let's first define the terms, then look at how to talk about what someone said, and how to convert speech from direct to indirect or vice-versa. You can answer the question What did he say? in two ways: by repeating the words spoken (direct speech) by reporting the words spoken (indirect or reported speech). Direct speech repeats, or quotes, the exact words spoken. When we use direct speech in writing, we place the words spoken between quotation marks (" ") and there is no change in these words. Reported or indirect speech is usually used to talk about the past, so we normally change the tense of the words spoken. We use reporting verbs like 'say', 'tell', 'ask', and we may use the word 'that' to introduce the reported words. Quotation marks are not used. 1、declarative sentence陈述句 ①Change in pronoun: The pronoun (subject) of the reported speech is changed according to the pronoun of reporting verb or object (person) of reporting verb (first part of sentence). Sometimes the pronoun may not change. In following example the pronoun of reported speech is “I” which will be changed in indirect speech into the pronoun (Subject) of reporting verb that is “he”. He said, “I like it very much.”→He said that he liked it very much. ②Change in tense: If the first part of sentence (reporting verb part) belongs to past tense the tense of reported speech will change. If the first part of sentence (reporting verb part) belongs to present or
(完整版)高中英语主谓一致专项练习题及答案
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