英语国家概况 总结
Britain
Government
The Legislature
●The United Kingdom is a parliamentary democracy with a constitutional monarch.
● A king or queen is the head of state, and a prime minister is the head of government.
●The people vote in elections for Members of Parliament (MPs) to represent them.
●Consists of the House of Lords, the House of Commons, and the Crown.
●Head of Government: Prime Minister
●Parliament (659 in House of Commons, more than 660 in House of Lords)
●Highest Court: House of Lords (Lord Chancellor is head of judiciary)
●V oting Qualifications: All citizens age 18 and over
The Executive
●The chief executive is the prime minister, who is a member of the House of Commons.
●The executive branch also includes Her Majesty’s Government, commonly referred to
simply as “the government.”
●The government is composed of ministers in the Cabinet, most of whom are members of the
House of Commons; government departments, each of which is responsible to a minister;
local authorities; and public corporations.
●The prime minister presides over the Cabinet and selects the other Cabinet members, who
join him or her to form the government that is part of the functioning executive.
●Acting through the Cabinet and in the name of the monarch, the prime minister exercises all
of the theoretical powers of the Crown, including making appointments.
●Two key doctrines of Cabinet government are collective responsibility and ministerial
responsibility.
The Judiciary
●Judges are appointed from among practicing lawyers.
●Barristers or advocates advise on legal problems and present cases in the lay justices' and jury
courts.
●Solicitors represent individual and corporate clients and appear in the lay justices' courts.
●Lay justices need no legal qualifications but are trained to give them sufficient knowledge of
the law.
Education
Primary and Secondary Education
●Up to age 5, children may have some pre-primary schooling in nursery schools, daycare or
play groups.
●Between the ages of 5 to 11, pupils mainly attend state sector primary schools. These
schools are called co-educated or mixed schools because they admit both boys and girls.
●From the age of 11 up to around the age of 19, students attend secondary schools. More than
80% of pupils in secondary students in England and Wales attend mixed schools ; 60% in Northern Ireland; Scotland, nearly all.
Higher education
●only one privately funded university: the University of Buckingham
●oldest universities:
1) England—Oxford (12th C.) and Cambridge (13th C.)
2) Scotland: St Andrews, Glasgow, Edinburgh and Aberdeen from 14th and 15th centuries
Ireland
Government
●After independence from the Great Britain, Ireland takes a polity mixed with both the Britain
and the United States
●The Government is headed by President, not the Queen.
●The President appoints the Prime Minister, not necessarily the head of the Party in power.
●The Cabinet is organized by 16 Ministers of the Government assigned by the Prime Minister ●The legislation is interpreted by a hierarchy of courts
●The executive branch of the country, checked by the legislature and the judiciary
●the parliament and the legal system
●
Education
●Irish educational system is among the cheapest and best in Europe.
●In Ireland, education is compulsory for children aged 6 to 15.
●Primary education 6-12
●Secondary education 12-18
●Higher education
America
Government
The United States of America is a constitutional, representative democracy. Power in the US ultimately derives from the citizens of the country. The nation’s leaders are chosen by elections every few years.
The Constitution of the United States is the foundational document of America which forms the basis of the laws in the US and lays out the structure of the government.
The constitution divides the government into three branches:
The Legislative branch: The congress of the United States is laid out in two houses, the upper house or Senate, and the lower house or the House of Representatives.
The Executive Branch: The executive branch of the US government is composed of the President of the United States and the Federal Bureaucracy, or all of the people who work for the President.
Judicial Branch: The United States federal court system makes up the Judicial Branch of the US government. This includes federal courts, federal appeals courts, and the US Supreme Court.
Education
●Primary school
American children start school at the age of five years. The first year at school is called kindergarten.
●Secondary school
Secondary school most commonly consists of a total of seven years, referred to as sixth through twelfth grades
●Undergraduate school
Undergraduate school offers either a two-year degree or a four-year degree in a specific course of major.
●Graduate school
Students who have obtained a bachelor’s degree can continue their education by pursuing one of two types of degrees.
Canada
Government
●Canada’s system of government was based on the British system of parliamentary
democracy,which is referred to as “west minster-style”democracy
●The official head of state is the Queen,who is also the queen of other former British colonies ●The Queen is represented by an official called a Governor-general
●Both the queen and the Governor general occupy roles which are largely ceremonial
●MPs—generally all belong to political parties
●Prime minister—the party that wins the most seats forms the government and the party leader
become Prime Minister, the most important person in Canadian government
●The Cabinet—chosen by the prime minister,consists of senior MPs from the governing
party
●The Senate—appointed by the governor general,who acts on the recommendation of the
prime minister.
●--not like the US Senate,but analogou to the House of Lords in UK
Education
●the mandatory of school is continued to the age of 16 (some is 18).
●children start to go to the kindergarten at the age of 5.
●after finished the programs in kindergarten, children will go to Elementary & junior
high/middle school.
●Before going to college, people sometimes will have a program called 'victory lap' to get
ready to the college studying
●In college, students will get Bachelor's degree then they will decide whether they will have a
farther study for a Master's or a Doctorate degree.
Australia
Government
●Government system: reflects both the British and North American models of liberal
democracy but with unique Australian characteristics.
●Three branches: the legislature, the executive and the judiciary.
●The House of Representatives (Lower House)
?150 members
?Functions: It determines the government, debates and passes laws, watches over government
administration and expenditure, and provides a forum for public debate on issues of national importance.
?The House's other roles: debate proposed laws, watch over government expenditure,
including through its committee system, and to provide a forum for public debate on issues of national importance.
●The Senate
? A check on the government of the day. It consists of 76 senators ( 12 from each state and 2
from each territory)
?An equal number of senators regardless of its population
?The Senate conducts much of its work including the budget estimates accountability process.
●Parties
?Major political parties:
?The Australian Labour Party(ALP) & the Coalition (the Liberals & the Nationals)
?Governor General –representative of the Queen
Education
●Australia has a well-developed educational system with a very high rate of participation and
secondary completion.
●Education in Australia is primarily the responsibility of the individual states.
●Each state government manages the school system within their state. This means that they
provide funds and regulation for their schools.
●The education system in Australia is divided into five areas:
Preschool
Primary school
Secondary/high school
Career and vocational institutions
University and other tertiary institutions
New Zealand
Government
●Independent State
●Constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary democracy
●No written constitution, but the Constitution Act of 1986 defines the structure of the
government.
●Three branches of government
●Legislative (parliament)
●Executive (departments and agencies)
●Judicial (courts)
●Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II, represented by a Governor-General
●The Legislature
developed from the British parliamentary system known as the Westminster system of government,and is the law-making body of the New Zealand government.
Consists of Sovereign and House of Representatives
●The executive
-The branch of the New Zealand government is made of the Cabinet ,the Prime Minister and the public sector .
-The Governor General is appointed by the Sovereign on the Prime Minister's recommendation for a term of five years.
●The judiciary
The Judiciary applies the law by hearing and deciding cases. It is made up of judges and judicial officers
The judiciary (court system) is independent of the government
Education
●Education is freely available to everyone. Nearly all schools are run by the stae. All these pu
blic school are secular and free
●New Zealand offers a wide range of early childhood agencies,namely kindergratens,play
centers,preschools,etc.
●Schooling in New Zealand is compulsory for all children aged 6 to 16.Most children start at
age 5.
●New Zealand secondary education covers Years 9 to 13. Most secondary schools are
government-established.
●Tertiary education institutions in New Zealand include universities of technology and
polytechnics ,colleges ,Maori tertiary educational institutions and various training establishments
英语国家概况的复习资料
英语国家概况考试题型如下： 1.选择题（30 X 1’） 2.填空题（20 X 1’） 3.简答（10 X 2’）--必须回答完整的句子 4.分析题（6 X 5’）-- 必须回答完整的句子 总分100 分 主要内容包括： 一．U.S. Geography 1.Full name of U.S.. 2.Number of States: 50 states. 3.After President Jefferson brought the Louisiana territory from France there was a desire for territorial expansion among many frontier men. 4.The U.S. has a land area of 9.3 million square kilometers. The fourth largest countries. 5.Taxas is the largest mainland state of the U.S.. Alaska is the largest state of the U.S.. 6.Hawaii is in the Pacific Ocean. 7.America’s movies are mostly made in Hollywood near the city of Los Angeles in south California. 二．U.S. People 1.The largest of the racial and ethnic minorities in the US is the Blacks (Afriican-Americans). 2.The “first Americans” were the Indians. 3.The Asian-Americans are the fastest-growing racial and ethnic group in the United States. 4.The first permanent settlement in North America was established in today’s V erginia in the year of 1607. 5.The “Three Faiths” in the U.S. refer to: ?Protestan ?Catholic ?Jewish 6.The majority of the Catholics in the U.S. are descendants of immigrants from Ireland, Italy and Poland. 7.American society is a stratified one in which power, wealth and pestige are unequally distributed among the population. 8.WASP stands for White Anglo-Saxon Protestant.
英语国家社会与文化 课程标准
《英美概况》教学大纲 一、课程说明. 1. 课程代码：107013841 2. 课程中文名称：英美概况 3. 课程英文名称：The Society and Culture of Major English Speaking Countries — an Introduction 4. 课程总学时数：32 5. 课程学分数：2 6. 授课对象: 英语专业二年级学生 7.本课程的性质、地位和作用 《英美概况》是英语专业本科的一门专业任选课。本课程以英语为媒介，比较系统地向学生阐述世界主要英语国家的社会与文化背景，如地理、历史、政治、经济、社会生活和文化传统等方面的基本知识。它是英语专业学生学习英语专业其它语言基础课和在高年级阶段学习英语文学和翻译等课程的基础。本课程的教学可以提高学生在跨文化语言运用过程中对文化差异的敏感性、宽容性和处理文化差异的灵活性，从而改善学生的跨文化语言运用能力。 二、教学基本要求 1.本课程的目的、任务 本课程的教学目的在于让英语专业学生了解和熟悉主要英语国家的社会与文化概貌，掌握其地理、历史、政治、经济、社会生活与文化传统等方面的基本知识，扩大知识面，丰富文化修修养，加深对英语国家语言、文化和文学的理解，提高分析判断能力。 2.本课程的教学要求 本课程的基本要求是让学生掌握英美两个典型英语语言国家的历史与社会文化背景、民族特点、当前现状及发展前景。通过本课程的学习，学生除掌握有关英美两国的社会基本构成、文化传统、经济科技发展等基本知识外，同时也提高自身对英文社科类书籍的阅读能力，从而进一步提高自己的英语水平。 在课程的教学过程中，教师也可适当向学生推荐一些反映英美国家文化的优
英语国家概况
英语国家概况-Land and people I. Different Names for Britain and its Parts 英国的不同名称及其各组成部分 1.Geographical names: the British Isles, Great Britain and England. 地理名称：不列颠群岛，大不列颠和英格兰。 2. Official name: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 官方正式名称：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。 3. The British Isles are made up of two large islands-Great Britain (the larger one) and Ireland, and hundreds of small ones. 不列颠群岛由两个大岛—大不列颠岛（较大的一个）和爱尔兰岛，及成千上万个小岛组成。 4.Three political divisions on the island：England, Scotland and Wales. 大不列颠岛上有三个政治区：英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士。 (1) England is in the southern part of Great Britain. It is the largest, most populous section. 英格兰位于大不列颠岛南部，是最大，人口最稠密的地区。 (2) Scotland is in the north of Great Britain. It has three natural zones (the Highlands in the north; the Central lowlands; the south Uplands) Capital: Edinburgh 苏格兰位于大不列颠的北部。它有三大自然区：北部高地，中部低地及南部山陵。首府：爱丁堡。 (3) Wales is in the west of Great Britain. Capital: Cardiff 威尔士位于大不列颠的西部。首府：加的夫 (4) Northern Ireland is the fourth region of the UK. Capital: Belfast. 北爱尔兰是英国第四个区域。首府：贝尔法斯特。 5.The Commonwealth (of nations)is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain. It was founded in 1931, and has 50 member countries until 1991. 英联邦是独立的前英国殖民地组成的自由联合体。它成立于1931年，至1990年止已有50个成员国。 II. Geographical Features 英国的地理特征 1.Geographical position of Britain: 英国的地理位置： Britain is an island country surrounded by the sea. It lies in the North Atlantic Ocean off the north coast of Europe. It is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the south and the North Sea in the east. 英国是一个岛国。它位于大西洋北部，与欧洲大陆的北海岸隔海相望。南面的英吉利海峡和东面的北海将它与欧洲其它部分隔开。 2.The north and west of Britain are mainly highlands; and the east and southeast are mostly lowlands. 英国的西部和北部主要是高地，东部和东南部主要是低地。 III. Rivers and Lakes 河流与湖泊 Ben Nevis is the highest mountain in Britain (1,343m).
英语国家概况课后题总结和答案
Chapter 1 land and people are the differences between Britain and the British Isles, Great Britain,England,the United Kingdom and the British Commonwealth The British Isles,Greant Britina and England are geographical names, no the official names of the country,while the official name is the United Kingdom,but the full name is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern British Commonwealth is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britian. the geographical position of Britian Britain is an island country. It lies in the north Atlantic Ocean off the north coast of is separated from the rest of Europe by the English channel in the south and the North Sea in the east. in Great Britain are mostly highland and lowland The north and west of Britain are mainly highland, while the south and south-east are mostly lowlands. Britain have a favourable climate why Yes,it has a favourable climate, because it has a maritime type of climate---winters are mild,not too cold and summers are cool, not too has a steady reliable rainfall throughout the whole has a small range of temperature,too. are the factors which influence the climate in Britain Which part of Britain has the most rainfall and which part is the driest
英语国家概况
英语国家概况》期末复习题（含答案） （第I卷客观题共45分） 1. 选择题（共30 分; 每题1 分） U.K. 1. The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on ___ . D A. passing the bills B. advising the government C. political parties D. public attitude 2. The policies of the Conservative Party in Great Britain are characterized by pragmatism and . D A. government intervention B. nationalization of enterprises C. social reform D. a belief in individualism 3. Oxford University is the oldest university in the English-speaking world. 4. Cabinet members are chosen by ___ in Britain. B A. the monarch B. the Prime Minister C. the Archbishop D. the Lord Chancellor 5. English belongs to the Germanic group of Indo-European family of languages. 6. The Severn River is the longest river in Britain. 7. The following Christmas traditions are particularly British except ___ . A A. Trooping the Color B. Queen 's Christmas message C. Boxing Day D. Christmas pantomime 8. Among Britain q'uaslity press, the following newspapers are regarded as the “ BigThree with the exception of The Observer. 9. In 2012, Britain had a population of about 63 million. 10. The two main islands of the British Isles are Great Britain and Ireland. 11. British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher once said that, “ Britain and tht e dUSntiates will stand side by side ”. 12. The Labor Party affected the British society greatly in that it ___ . A A. set up the National Health Services B. improved public transportation C. abolished the old tax system D. enhanced the economic development 13. Margaret Thatcher go'v s ernment introduced the biggest changes in British economic policy since World War II. 14. Charles Dickens is a representative of English Critical Realism at the turn of the 19 th century. 15. The three principle features of the climate of Britain are the following EXCEPT ___ . C A. the frequent fog in winter B. the large number of rainy days C. extreme coldness even in summer D. changeability all the year round 16. Samuel Johnson 'dsictionary was influential in establishing a standard form of spelling in English. 17. The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of Latin and Greek words to English. 18. __ was not among the four self-governing dominions in the British Empire. C A. Australia B. Canada C. India D. the Union of South Africa 19. Of the following sectors in Britain, service industry has experienced spectacular growth si nee the end of World War II. 20. Cambridge has more Nobel Prize winners than any other institution in Britain.
英语国家概况课程标准
英语国家概况课程标准 课程代码： 适用专业：商务英语 一、课程概述 1．课程性质 语言是文化的载体，文化是语言的基础。英语语言学习和英国国家文化相互依存、密不可分。一个优秀的英语语言学习者，若不了解该语言背后所承载的民族文化，其交际能力也会受到限制。该课程能使学生了解和掌握英美两国政治，历史，经济，社会，文化和教育等基本知识，了解英美国家社会发展、现状和影响这两个国家社会发展的因素，拓展学生的知识面，培养学生文化意识，启发学生了解西方社会，了解交际规则，增强学生的英语语言学习能力，为后续专业课程的学习打下一定的基础，进而为培养高技能应用型复合人才打下基础。 2．课程设计思路 本课程在设计上围绕合作学习法—任务型教学法、比较教学法、线索梳理法、启发式等教学法。 合作学习法—任务型教学法 合作学习法又称协作学习，是以合作学习小组为基本形式，系统利用教学中动态因素之间的互动，促进学生的学习，以团体成绩作为评价标准，共同完成教学活动。任务型教学法是一种以任务或活动为核心单位计划组织语言教学的途径,一种强调“在做中学”的语言教学方法。合作学习法与任务型教学法结合是指教师设计学习任务，指导并帮助学生以小组为单位通过合作、协商完成学习任务的教学过程。主要采用组织演示、演讲、讨论等形式。 2）比较教学法 比较教学法是在教学过程中，利用教学内容的相互联系和区别，促进学生掌握和巩固教学内容、达到教学目标的一种逻辑思维方法。例如，在学习美国的政体时，我们可以和英国政体、甚至是我国的政体进行比较，异中求同，同中求异。从而对“Parliament”、“Congress”和我国的NPC （The National People’s Congress）形成更深刻的理解。运用这种教学法不仅有利于学生掌握基本知识与技能，而且有利于提高学生的创造性思维能力。3）线索梳理法 线索梳理法，尤其是历史年代轴线表示法是表达历史线索最清晰的一种方式，这种方式的特点是易于梳理，可操作性强，非常直接，便于记忆。比如说，英国历史很长，如果不进行梳理，很难记忆，如果整理成一条线索，效果却不能同日而语： Early settlers——Roman invasions——Anglo-Saxons——the Viking and Danish Invasions——the Norman Conquest——William’s Rule——the Great Charter——the Hundred Year’s War——the English Reformation——the English Renaissance——the Civil War——the Glorious Revolution——the Industrial Revolution——the two World Wars 同样，美国历史部分可整理成这样一条线索： The war of Independence——the War of 1812——territorial expansion and Westward Movement——the Civil War——the two World Wars——the Cold War——the Berlin Blockade——the Civil Rights Movement in the 1950s——the Vietnam War 二、课程培养目标 1．知识目标 了解主要英语国家的地理，历史，经济和政治等方面的概况；了解主要英语国家的文化传统，风俗习惯和社会生活的其他有关情况。 2．技能目标 扩大知识面，有效弥补英语专业学生知识面窄的不足；提高英语阅读的能力和语言应用能力。 3．素质目标
英语专业国家概况期末复习总结
英语国家概况 名词解释 1. The civil rights movement (1955–1968) refers to the reform movements in the United States aimed at abolishing racial discrimination against African Americans and restoring suffrage in Southern states. 2. A federal system A federal system is one in which power is shared between a central authority and its constituent parts with some rights reserved to each. 3. King Arthur It is said that he was the King of England in the 5th century and united the British and drove the Saxons back with his magical sword, Excalibur. His real existence is in doubt. He is the central figure of many legends. 4. The Anglo-Saxons They were two groups of Germanic peoples who settled down in England from the 5th century. They were regarded as the ancestors of the English and the founders of England. 5. Riverdance Riverdance is a very popular form of dancing based on I reland’s intricate folk dances which are rearranged and modernized and adapted onto current stage performance. Dancing is traditionally part of Irish culture. It is usually accompanied by the Irish pipe and fiddle. The music usually sounds fast and furious. Most of the action is from the waist down, with the arms held rigidly at the sides. 6. The House of Commons The House of Commons is the real centre of British political life because it is the place where about 650 elected representatives (Members of Parliament) make and debate policy. These MPs are elected in the General Elections and should represent the interests of people who vote for them. 7. The Commonwealth It is a voluntary association of states which is made up of Britain and mostly of former British colonies. There are 54 members of the Commonwealth including one currently suspended member: many of these are developing countries like India and Cyprus; others are developed nations like Australia, Canada and New Zealand. The Commonwealth was set up as a forum for continued cooperation and as a sort of support network. 8. Maoritanga Maoritanga means ―Maori culture‖. It refers to all the elements of the rich cultural heritage of the indigenous people in New Zealand, including their language, customs and traditions. 9. The “Washminster” form polity The ―Washminster‖form of polity is adopted by the Australian government. It is a mixture of the US Washington system of government and the British Westminster system. This means that the political
英语国家概况学习手册选择题
第一章British the republic of ireland became independent in the year(1949) the british empire was replaced by the british commonwealth in(1931) the English people and the English language were born from the union of(norman conquerors an the defeated anglo-sax ons the first known settlers of Britain were (the iberians) about 80000 scots speak gaelic which is an ancient (celtic language) the ancestors of the welsh were the ancient(celts) the average population density in Britain is(250)people per square kilo in 1066 harold and his troops fought against William on Senlac field near(hastlings) the Plantagenet dynasty was found by(henry 2) english reformation was carried out by(henry8) simon de Montfort reform beginning of English (parliament) from 1649 to 1658,it was ruled first by oliver Cromwell as(lord protector) it was during the reign of(anne)the the name great Britain came into being in 1707 the 1851 london great exposition was held in the crystal palace designed by queen(victoria)husband albert. the house of commons has(650)members of parliament british conservative party(tory)party in the 18th century the house of common is headed by（the speaker） the economic policy in the 1950s and 1960s was based on(john maynard keynes) in Britain less than(2/)are farmers britain became a net exporter of oil in the(1980s) the following financial institutions have their headquarters in London except(royal bank of scotland) to stimulate economic recovery, the thacher polcies but(interventionism) britain is the(sixth)largest trading nation british oil fields were discovered on the(north sea) the national health service was established in(1948) (central government)is directly responsible for the nhs children up to the age of (16) can receive family allowance for children (the baptists)is not among the anglican churches (the Methodist church)is the largest of the free churches the principal non-Christian communities in Britain are(the jews) the church of scotland is a(Presbyterian) (the free churches)in Britain have also been known as dissenters (7) roman catholic provinces in great Britain the church of english has two provinces, they are(Canterbury and york) there are some (90)universities the universities of oxford and cambridge date from the (12th and 13th) (public schools)are independent schools secondary education in(northern ireland) is selective harrow school is a(public school) higher education is usually defined as advanced course of a standard higher(gce a level) the following universities belong to red brick except(glasgow) the leading scientific society in Britain is(the royal society) the times is a (quality daily) the daily mirror is a popular daily
英语国家概况总结资料全
Unit1 A Brief Introduction to the United Kingdom 1.The flag of Britain : Union Jack （英国国旗中没有显示出Welsh旗） 2. The basic information of each country: Count ry Capital Area Memo Englan d London 最大 1.最不会把自己的 “英格兰文化区 别于其他文化” 2.一个高度城市化
3.The time joining the British parliament: However, in 1707 by agreement of the English and Scottish parliaments, Scotland joined the Union. 4.Difference between the British Isles ,UK, Great Britain , and England: British Isles: the island of Great Britain the island of Ireland
surrounding isles ●UK=Great Britain + Northern Ireland ●Great Britain =England +Scotland + Wales 5.The four major invasions in the history of Great Britain : At first, England was occupied by Celtic people. Then in 43AD Britain was invaded by the Roman Empire. Result: England and Wales became a part of the Roman Empire for nearly 400 years. the Angle-Saxon invaded. Result: The land they lived became" Angle-land", later changed into England, the language they spoken became English. PS：One of the best-known English legends derives from this time. In 5 century AD, King Author(亚瑟王) united the British, and with his magical sword, Excalibur（被称为“王者之剑”的圣剑）,
(2020年整理)英语国家概况选择题.doc
Chapter1 1.The two main islands of the British Isles are A . 不列颠群岛的两个主要岛屿是 A. Great Britain and Ireland B. Great Britain and Scotland C. Great Britain and Wales D. Great Britain and England 2. B is the capital city of Scotland. 是苏格兰的首府 A. Belfast B. Edinburgh C. Aberdeen D. Cardiff 3.Among the four parts of the United Kingdom, D is the smallest. 在英国的四个部分中，是最小的 A. England B. Scotland C. Wales D. Northern Ireland 4.group of Indo-European family of languages. A. Celtic B. Indo-Iranian C. Germanic D. Roman 5.The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of D words to English. 基督教传入英国，增加了英语的第一个元素。 A. Danish and Finnish B. Dutch and German C. French and Italian D. Latin and Greek 6.The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by the A influence. 中间英语的演变因影响而增强 A. Norman B. Dutch C. German D. Danish 7.Samuel Johnson’s dictionary was influential in establishing a standard form of C . 塞缪尔约翰逊的字典对建立标准形式有很大影响 A. grammar B. handwriting C. spelling D. pronunciation 8.’s population communicate in English. A. half B. a quarter C. one third D. one fifth Chapter2 9. A. Norman B. Danish C. Celtic D. Germanic 10. A. Celtic Christianity B. Anglo-Saxon Christianity C. Germanic Christianity D. Roman Christianity 11.The C marked the establishment of feudalism in England. 标志着英国封建制度的建立 A. Viking invasion B. signing of the Magna Carta C. Norman Conquest D. Adoption of common law 12.The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of C . 玫瑰战争的结束导致了统治的结束
英语国家概况课本历年大事件总结
432AD St. Patrick’s arrival 700BC Celts (France, Belgium, Southern Germany) {600BC Gael 400BC Brython 150BC Belgae} 1066 10.14 Hasting Harold died 1066 William (first feudal king) Westminster Norman conquest 1086 Domesday book 1087 William died 1100 Red William died 1100-1135 Henry II’s reform 1170 Fighting with Ireland for more than 800 years 1170. Anglo-Saxon invaded Ireland 1215 the great charter (Magna Carta) 1215.6.19.John signed Windsor 1265 Simon de Montfort founder of parliament 1337-1453 hundred year’s war 1348-1349 Black Death 1381 Wat Tyler & jack straw Uprising 1420. Henry V admitted French throne 1455-1485 war of rose 1485 English renaissance north of Italy Da Vince early of 14th century 1492. Discovered America 1497. John Cabot discovered Canada
英语国家社会与文化教学大纲
英语国家社会与文化教 学大纲 Revised as of 23 November 2020
《英语国家社会与文化》教学大纲 一、课程基本信息 课程编号： 课程中文名称: 英语国家社会与文化 课程英文名称：Exploring English-speaking Countries 课程类型：专业方向选修课 总学时：36理论学时：32 实验学时：4 学分：2 适用专业：初中毕业起点五年制小学教育专业英语方向2012级专科段 先修课程：英语网络阅读 开课院系：小学教育系 二、课程性质和任务 《英语国家社会与文化》本课程是以英语为授课媒介，重点介绍英国、美国、澳大利亚、加拿大和新西兰等主要英语国家的历史、宗教、政治、教育、体育、经济、娱乐等社会文化各个层面的背景性人文学科知识。要求学生了解主要英语国家社会和文化的起源和发展和变迁、各国文化间的共性与差异，以及当今英美的流行文化。主要任务在于扩展学生的文化和社会视野，引导他们注意到英语语言内在的文化土壤、英语语言外在的多面性、语言和产生其语言的社会的一致性、相关性；提高学生对文化差异的敏感性、宽容性以及处理文化差异的灵活性，培养学生的跨文化交际能力。 三、课程教学目标 本课程的总体目标在于使学生通过学习，了解这些国家的社会与文化概况，如地理、历史、政治、经济、教育、社会生活以及文化风俗等方面的基础知识，理解英美文化、思维方式、价值观念和生活习惯，扩大学生的知识面培养学生正确分析有关英美等国问题的能力，并能以正确的眼光看待世界上所发生的问题，提高学生对文化差异的敏感性和宽容性，培养学生跨文化交际能力。同时也促进加强学生的语言学习，达到提高英语水平的目的。培养学生成为热爱祖国、热爱社会主义、为国家繁荣发展而奋斗的人才。 四、理论教学环节和基本要求