chapter5 渠道(8-9)
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计算机专业英语第九章部分翻译
COMMUNICATION CHANNELSCommunication channels are an essential element of every communication system. These channels actually carry the data from one computer to another. There are two categories of communication channels. One category connects sending and receiving devices by providing a physical connection such as a wire or cable. The other category is wireless.沟通渠道是一个至关重要的元素的每个通信系统。
这些渠道实际上把数据从一台计算机到另一个。
有两个类别的沟通渠道。
一个类别连接发送和接收设备通过提供一个物理连接导线或电缆等。
另一类是无线。
PHYSICAL CONNECTIONSPhysical connections use a solid medium to connect sending and receiving devices. These connections include telephone lines (twisted pair), coaxial cable,and fiber-optic cable.物理连接使用固体介质连接发送和接收设备。
这些连接包括电话线路(双绞线)、同轴电缆和光纤电缆。
Telephone lines you see strung on poles consist of twisted-pair cable,which is made up of hundreds of copper wires. A single twisted pair culminates in a wall jack into which you can plug your phone and computer. (See Figure 9-3.) Telephone lines have been the standard transmission medium for years for both voice and data. However, they are now being phased out by more technically advanced and reliable media.Coaxial cable, a high-frequency transmission cable, replaces the multiple wires of telephone lines with a single solid-copper core. (See Figure 9-4.) In terms of the number of telephone connections, a coaxial cable has over 80 times the transmission capacity of twisted pair.Coaxial cable is used to deliver television signals as well as to connect computers in a network..电话线路你看到两极串在由双绞线,是由数以百计的铜线。
1、SCLM Chapter 05
Competing through Sourcing
• Quality Improvement • Cost Reduction • Lead Time Reduction • Delivery/Service Improvement • Technology Gain • Shortened Concept-to-Customer Cycle
• Improved supplier cost productivity
• Committed volumes to allow supplier investment
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Supply Chain Logistics Management, First Edition. Bowersox, Closs, and Cooper.
Procurement Initiative Marketing Response
Purchaser
Supply Chain Logistics Management, First Edition. Bowersox, Closs, and Cooper.
Copyright© 2002 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Copyright© 2002 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
5-11
Volume Consolidation/Supply Base Optimization (Buy for Less)
• Increased supplier fixed cost utilization • Capitalize on competitive supply base
• Quality Improvement • Cost Reduction • Lead Time Reduction • Delivery/Service Improvement • Technology Gain • Shortened Concept-to-Customer Cycle
• Improved supplier cost productivity
• Committed volumes to allow supplier investment
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Supply Chain Logistics Management, First Edition. Bowersox, Closs, and Cooper.
Procurement Initiative Marketing Response
Purchaser
Supply Chain Logistics Management, First Edition. Bowersox, Closs, and Cooper.
Copyright© 2002 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Copyright© 2002 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
5-11
Volume Consolidation/Supply Base Optimization (Buy for Less)
• Increased supplier fixed cost utilization • Capitalize on competitive supply base
5chapter
Useful Expressions
1) Express regret at inability to accept
We regret (to say) that we cannot accept your price. We very much regret our inability to accept your price. It's regretful that your price is too high to come to business. 很遗憾,你们的价格太高,无法成交. But unfortunately, we can impossibly accept the price you offer. It's regrettable that we have to decline your offer (counter-offer). counter-offer) 很遗憾我们不得不拒绝你们的报价(还价).
谈论价格高到什么程度: Your price is rather high. 你方价格相当高. Your price is too high. 你方价格太高. Your price is prohibitive. 你方价格高得令人望而却步. 价格低 Your price is low. 你方价格低. Your price is on the low side. 你方价格偏低. Your price is too low. 你方价格太低.
To put forward new terms: Should you be ready to reduce your price by, say 5%, we might come to terms. 如果贵方愿意减价,比如5%,我们就可以成交. 如果贵方愿意减价,比如5%,我们就可以成交. If you reduce the price of the quotation sheet dated Sept. 3 by 3%, we will be desirable to accept your offer. 如果你公司能将9 如果你公司能将9月3日的报价单的价格降低3 日的报价单的价格降低3 %, 则我公司将乐意接受你们的报价. If you can make a further reduction of 2%, your price will be competitive enough.
API_610第十版解读(八,九,十版本区别)解读
除非另有规定， 基准面应是卧式泵的轴中心线，立式管道泵 的泵吸入口中心线，以及立式悬吊式泵基础 的顶部。 4.增大叶轮与隔舌之间的间隙条件，第8版规定 是：单级扬程200m、单级功率225kW以上；而 第9、10版规定：转速高于3600r/min、单级 功率300kW以上。 5.第9、10版比第8版增加了：整体齿轮箱驱动 泵，也可以不把泵设计成无需拆卸吸入管路 或吐出管路、或挪动驱动机即可拆除转子或 内部零件的形式。
8版没有指明，它是规定：对于使用条件不超 过下列界限中任何一条的不易燃、无危险的 介质可以不达到本标准的所有要求，但必须 在使用寿命、材料、轴刚度、机械密封、轴 承、辅助管路等六个方面达到本标准要求。 使用条件界限是：
• • • • • 最大吐出压力：1.9MPa； 最大吸入压力：0.5MPa； 最高泵送介质速度：150℃； 最高转速：3600r/min； 最大叶轮直径(悬臂泵）：330mm。
API610标准第8、9、10版演变过程
国际标准化委员会ISO/TC115泵技术委员会 SC3分会和ISO/TC67技术委员会SC6分会于 2003年1月起草了ISO13709标准讨论稿，是以 API610第9版由美国石油学会发布。2004年10 月美国标准化委员会颁布了ANSI/API610第10 版等同ISO13709国家标准，这样API610第10 版就成为美国石油学会、美国国家和ISO的三 重标准。
6.第9、10版规定：设备、包括所有的辅助设备 应设计成在户外安装的形式，卖方应提出对 设备采取的保护要求；第8版规定：买方应提 出设备是装在室内还是户外。 3.1.2 设计中的注意点 1.汽蚀余量 卖方应该在数据单上规定出泵在额定流量 和额定转速下输送水时的（水温低于65℃） 必需汽蚀余量（NPSHR）。对水以外的液体 （例如烃类）的必需汽蚀余量不能用降低系 数或修正系数的方法规定。 除了规定的NPSHA外，买方应当考虑一个 适当的NPSH安全余量。NPSH安全余量是一个
8版没有指明，它是规定：对于使用条件不超 过下列界限中任何一条的不易燃、无危险的 介质可以不达到本标准的所有要求，但必须 在使用寿命、材料、轴刚度、机械密封、轴 承、辅助管路等六个方面达到本标准要求。 使用条件界限是：
• • • • • 最大吐出压力：1.9MPa； 最大吸入压力：0.5MPa； 最高泵送介质速度：150℃； 最高转速：3600r/min； 最大叶轮直径(悬臂泵）：330mm。
API610标准第8、9、10版演变过程
国际标准化委员会ISO/TC115泵技术委员会 SC3分会和ISO/TC67技术委员会SC6分会于 2003年1月起草了ISO13709标准讨论稿，是以 API610第9版由美国石油学会发布。2004年10 月美国标准化委员会颁布了ANSI/API610第10 版等同ISO13709国家标准，这样API610第10 版就成为美国石油学会、美国国家和ISO的三 重标准。
6.第9、10版规定：设备、包括所有的辅助设备 应设计成在户外安装的形式，卖方应提出对 设备采取的保护要求；第8版规定：买方应提 出设备是装在室内还是户外。 3.1.2 设计中的注意点 1.汽蚀余量 卖方应该在数据单上规定出泵在额定流量 和额定转速下输送水时的（水温低于65℃） 必需汽蚀余量（NPSHR）。对水以外的液体 （例如烃类）的必需汽蚀余量不能用降低系 数或修正系数的方法规定。 除了规定的NPSHA外，买方应当考虑一个 适当的NPSH安全余量。NPSH安全余量是一个
chapter+9
Findings of the research
• Ten most difficult social situations
– Making hosts friends of our own age – Dealing with sb. who is cross and
aggressive – Approaching others or starting up a
The Experience of Difference
▪ if leaving, tie up any loose ends and farewell people properly
▪ maintain key relationships
The Stages of Re-entry Culture Shock are almost the same as those of Culture Shock
Culture Shock Cycle
Pre-Departure
Months 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Return …...
Normal Level of Feelings
Adapted from a model by Robert Kohls
Developing Intercultural Sensitivity
toward the new culture and even total withdrawl
Culture shock
• Forms of culture shock
– Language shock – Role shock – Transition shock – Education shock – Adjustment stress – Culture distance
人教英语选修九 unit 5 inside advertising Reading(课件) (共46张ppt)
Introduction
What is an advertisement?
How do advertisers make effective advertisements?
How effective are advertisements?
KEY WORDS
▪ advertisements ▪ advertisers ▪ effective ▪ ▪ In the passage, the author gives the definition
• Para 1 Even some of the casual garments we wear have brand names attached to them which turn us into walking advertisements.
• 甚至在我们穿的有些休闲服上也印着品 牌的名字，这就把我们变成了“移动广 告”。
difficult. ▪ adj. be fit to do / be fit for… ▪ R: 他适合这个岗位。 ▪ adj. He is fit for the position. ▪ R: vt. / vi. Eg. 这条裙子非常适合她。 ▪ The dress fitted her perfectly/well.
group.
It makes sense to make computer game ads _th_a_t_/_w_h__ic_h_ appeal to this group.
针对这个群体制作有吸引力的电脑游 戏广告是有意义的。 makes sense 合理,可行;有意义,说得通 照顾好自己的身体是明智之举。 It makes sense to take care of your health. 你的话毫无意义。
MIS硬件原理——Chapter5
Timing diagram as a vector set
NS GREEN NS YELLOW NS RED EW GREEN EW YELLOW EW RED Hexadecimal State Time 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0C 0C 0C 0C 14 21 21 21 21 22 0C
Q2 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1
Q1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1
Q0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
D5 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 X X X X X X
D4 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 X X X X X X
D0 D1 D2 D3
Q0 Q1 Q2 Q3 CLK
A0 A1 A2 A3
D0 D1 D2 D3
NSG NSY NSR EWG EWY
State Variable provides the input
D4 D5
D REGISTER
EWR
Clock frequency = 0.2 Hz
16 x 6 Memory Array
applications, the ASICs handle the data processing
and data manipulation, and the microprocessor handles the error processing and initialization.
典范英语九White Fang
White Fang brutal;
friendly;
(P31-32) beastly;
patient; full
mean;greedy of love
12
Lessons:(3mins)
What has White Fang learned by himself ?
Chapter 2: Taking risks can be painful ! P15
White Fang
Jack London
Sherry
1
Brainstorming
Have you ever seen a novel (movie) about animals? For example:
2
White Fang: Contents
• About the author • About the book • About the plot • About the characters • Think over • Language Appreciation • Free talk
Fang's need to love and be loved. Once, White
Fang had known this with his mother, but a life of
hardship and cruelty had made him unloving and
unlovable.
Chapter 3:
Live things were food, but some of them could hurt. It was better to eat little things. P19
Chapter 4: The law of the wild-eat or be eaten: kill or be
市场营销 第九章(英文)
• “Tiffany/Walmart” Strategies
9-7
LO1
Sporting News Baseball Yearbook
What market segmentation strategy is used?
9-8
LO1
Harry Potter
What market segmentation strategy is used?
• Organizational Synergy
• Customer Value
• Cannibalization
9-12
FIGURE 9-2 The five key steps in segmenting and targeting markets that link market needs to a firm’s marketing program
9-13
LO2
STEPS IN SEGMENTING AND TARGETING MARKETS
STEP 1: GROUP POTENTIAL BUYERS INTO SEGMENTS
Criteria to Use in Forming the Segments
• Simplicity and Cost-Effectiveness of Assigning Potential Buyers to Segments • Potential for Increased Profit • Similarity of Needs of Potential Buyers Within a Segment • Difference of Needs of Buyers Among Segments • Potential of a Marketing Action to Reach a Segment
9-7
LO1
Sporting News Baseball Yearbook
What market segmentation strategy is used?
9-8
LO1
Harry Potter
What market segmentation strategy is used?
• Organizational Synergy
• Customer Value
• Cannibalization
9-12
FIGURE 9-2 The five key steps in segmenting and targeting markets that link market needs to a firm’s marketing program
9-13
LO2
STEPS IN SEGMENTING AND TARGETING MARKETS
STEP 1: GROUP POTENTIAL BUYERS INTO SEGMENTS
Criteria to Use in Forming the Segments
• Simplicity and Cost-Effectiveness of Assigning Potential Buyers to Segments • Potential for Increased Profit • Similarity of Needs of Potential Buyers Within a Segment • Difference of Needs of Buyers Among Segments • Potential of a Marketing Action to Reach a Segment
服务营销第八版英文教辅 CHAPTER 5
Figure 5.2 The Flow Model of Service Distribution 4
What Is Being Distributed?
• Information and promotion flow — distribution of
information and promotion materials relating to the service offer.
distribution strategy: What, How, Where and When.
• Describe the three interrelated flows that show what is being
distributed.
• Be familiar with how services can be distributed using three main
markets.
• Be familiar with the forces that drive service firms to go
international.
• Appreciate the special challenges of distributing services
internationally.
• Know the importance of channel integration. • Describe the where (place) decisions of physical channels and be
familiar with the strategic and tactical location considerations.
• Logistics providers offer service firms integrated, reliable and cost-effective solutions
What Is Being Distributed?
• Information and promotion flow — distribution of
information and promotion materials relating to the service offer.
distribution strategy: What, How, Where and When.
• Describe the three interrelated flows that show what is being
distributed.
• Be familiar with how services can be distributed using three main
markets.
• Be familiar with the forces that drive service firms to go
international.
• Appreciate the special challenges of distributing services
internationally.
• Know the importance of channel integration. • Describe the where (place) decisions of physical channels and be
familiar with the strategic and tactical location considerations.
• Logistics providers offer service firms integrated, reliable and cost-effective solutions