英语语法专业术语
英语语法专业术语整理
英语语法专业术语 本次听写要求：挑选部分英语术语打在PPT上，学生按序号写出相应中文术语。 （一）词类 part of speech 实词 notional word ['n?u??n?l] 虚词 structural word/ form word . article preposition conjunction interjection) 派生词derivative [di'riv?tiv,?d?'riv?tiv] 复合词compound ['k?mpaund,k?m'paund] 词性part of speech 名词 noun 专有名词 proper noun 普通名词 common noun 可数名词 countable noun 不可数名词 uncountable noun 单数形式 singular form 复数形式 plural form ['plu?r?l,?'plur?l] 抽象名词 abstract noun [?b'str?kt,'?bstr?kt] 具体名词 concrete noun ['k?nkri:t] 物质名词 material noun 集体名词 collective noun 个体名词 individual noun 动词 verb 主动词 main verb 及物动词 transitive verb ['tr?nsitiv,?'tr?ns?tiv] 不及物动词 intransitive verb [in'tr?nsitiv,?in'tr?ns?tiv] 系动词 link verb 助动词 auxiliary verb [?:g'zilj?ri] 情态动词 modal verb 规则动词 regular verb 不规则动词 irregular verb 短语动词 phrasal verb ['freizl,?'freiz?l] 限定动词 finite verb ['fainait] 非限定动词 infinite verb ['infinit,?'inf?nit] 使役动词 causative verb ['k?:z?tiv] 感官动词 verb of senses 动态动词 event verb 静态动词 state verb 形容词 adjective 比较等级 degrees of comparison ☆原级 positive degree ☆比较级 comparative degree ☆最高级 superlative degree 副词 adverb 方式副词 adverb of manner 程度副词 adverb of degree 时间副词 adverb of time 地点副词 adverb of place 修饰性副词 adjunct 连接性副词 conjunct 疑问副词interrogative adverb [.int?'r?g?tiv] 关系副词 relative adverb 代词 pronoun ['pr?unaun] 人称代词 personal pronoun 物主代词 possessive pronoun [p?'zesiv] 反身代词 reflexive pronoun [ri'fleksiv] 相互代词 reciprocal pronoun [ri'sipr?k?l] 指示代词 demonstrative pronoun [di'm?nstr?tiv] 疑问代词 interrogative pronoun [.int?'r?g?tiv] 关系代词 relative pronoun 不定代词 indefinite pronoun [in'definit,?in'def?nit] 名词性物主代词 nominal possessive pronoun 形容词性物主代词 adjectival possessive pronoun [.?d?ik'taiv?l] 冠词 article 定冠词 definite article ['definit,?'def?nit] 不定冠词 indefinite article 介词 preposition [prep?'zi??n] 连词 conjunction [k?n'd???k??n] 感叹词 exclamation [.ekskl?'mei??n] 数词 numeral ['nju:m?r?l] 基数词 cardinal numeral ['kɑ:dinl,?'kɑ:dn?l] 序数词 ordinal numeral ['?:din?l,?'?:dn?l] 分数词 fractional numeral ['fr?k??n?l] 限定动词 finite verb form ['fainait] 非限定动词 non-finite verb form [n?n'finit] 原形 base form 数 number 单数形式 singular form 复数形式 plural form 规则形式 regular form 不规则形式 irregular form 格 case 普通格 common case 所有格 possessive case 主格 nominative case 宾格 objective case [?b'd?ektiv] 性 gender ['d?end?] 阳性 masculine ['m?skjulin,?'m?skj?lin] 阴性 feminine ['feminin,?'fem?nin] 通性 common 中性 neuter ['nju:t?] 人称 person 第一人称 first person 第二人称 second person 第三人称 third person （二）句子 句子成分 members of sentences 主语 subject 谓语 predicate ['predikeit,'predikit] 宾语 object 双宾语 dual object ['dju:?l] 直接宾语 direct object 间接宾语 indirect object 复合宾语 complex object 同源宾语 cognate object ['k?] 补语 complement ['k?mplim?nt,?'k?mpl?.ment,'k?mpl?m?nt] 主补 subject complement 宾补 object complement 表语 predicative ['?tiv,?'] 定语 attribute [?'tribju:t,'?tribju:t,??'tribjut,'?tr?.bju:t] 同位语 appositive [?'p?zitiv] 状语 adverbial [?d'v?:bi?l] 从句 clause 从属句 subordinate clause [s?'b?:dineit,?s?'b?:,s?'b?:dnit] 并列句 coordinate clause [k?u'?:dneit,k?u'?:dnit,?k?u'?:d?neit] 名词从句 nominal clause ['n?min?l,?'n?m?n?l] 定语从句 attributive clause [?'tribjutiv,??'tribj?tiv] 状语从句 adverbial clause [?d'v?:bi?l] 宾语从句 object clause 主语从句 subject clause 同位语从句 appositive clause [?'p?zitiv] 时间状语从句 adverbial clause of time 地点状语从句 adverbial clause of place 方式状语从句 adverbial clause of manner 让步状语从句 adverbial clause of concession [k?n'se??n] 原因状语从句 adverbial clause of cause 结果状语从句 adverbial clause of result 目的状语从句 adverbial clause of purpose 条件状语从句 adverbial clause of condition 真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of real condition 非真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of unreal condition 含蓄条件句 adverbial clause of implied condition 错综条件句 adverbial clause of mixed condition 简单句 simple sentence 并列句 compound sentence 复合句 complex sentence 并列复合句 compound complex sentence 陈述句 declarative sentence [di'kl?r?tiv] 疑问句 interrogative sentence [.int?'r?g?tiv] 一般疑问句 general question 特殊疑问句 special question 选择疑问句 alternative question [?:l't?:n?tiv] 附加疑问句 tag question 反义疑问句 disjunctive question [dis'd???ktiv]
大学英语语法术语归纳总结
大学英语语法术语归纳总结在大学英语学习中，语法是一个重要的环节。
掌握英语语法术语对于学习和提高英语水平非常重要。
本文将对大学英语语法术语进行归纳总结，以供参考和学习使用。
一、词类（Parts of Speech）1.名词（Noun）名词用来表示人、事物、地点等的名称。
可分为可数名词和不可数名词。
如：book, apple, love, water等。
2.代词（Pronoun）代词用来替代名词，常用的代词有人称代词、指示代词、不定代词等。
如：he, she, it, this, that, some, any等。
3.动词（Verb）动词用来表示行为、状态或存在等，是一个句子的核心。
可根据时态、语态等变化形式。
如：run, swim, be, have等。
4.形容词（Adjective）形容词用来修饰名词或代词，描述事物的特征。
可用比较级和最高级来进行比较。
如：big, beautiful, tall, happy等。
5.副词（Adverb）副词用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词等，用于描述行为方式、程度、时间等。
如：quickly, very, soon, often等。
6.介词（Preposition）介词用来表达位置、方向、时间、原因等关系，常与名词或代词搭配使用。
如：in, on, at, for, with等。
7.连词（Conjunction）连词用来连接词语、短语、从句等，使句子结构更加完整。
如：and, but, or, because等。
8.感叹词（Interjection）感叹词用来表达强烈的情感或意见，常用于口语交流中。
如：oh, wow, yes, no等。
二、句子成分（Sentence Elements）1.主语（Subject）主语是一个句子中的核心，通常是一个名词或代词。
如：I, he, the dog, my sister等。
2.谓语（Predicate）谓语是一个句子中的动词或动词短语，用来描述主语的动作或状态。
英语语法专业术语
英语语法专业术语语法grammar句法syntax词法morphology结构structure层次rank句子sentence从句clause词组phrase词类part of speech单词word实词notional word虚词structural word名词noun专有名词proper noun普通名词common noun可数名词countable noun 不可数名词uncountable no 抽象名词abstract noun具体名词concrete noun物质名词material noun集体名词collective noun个体名词individual noun介词preposition连词conjunction动词verb主动词main verb及物动词transitive verb不及物动词intransitive verb 系动词link verb助动词auxiliary verb情态动词modal verb规则动词regular verb不规则动词irregular verb 短语动词phrasal verb限定动词finite verb非限定动词infinite verb使役动词causative verb感官动词verb of senses动态动词event verb静态动词state verb感叹词exclamation形容词adjective副词adverb方式副词adverb of manner程度副词adverb of degree时间副词adverb of time地点副词adverb of place修饰性副词adjunct连接性副词conjunct疑问副词interrogative adverb关系副词relative adverb代词pronoun人称代词personal pronoun物主代词possessive pronoun反身代词reflexive pronoun相互代词reciprocal pronoun指示代词demonstrative pronoun疑问代词interrogative pronoun关系代词relative pronoun不定代词indefinite物主代词possessive pronoun名词性物主代词nominal possessive形容词性物主代词adjectival possessive pronoun冠词article定冠词definite article不定冠词indefinite article数词numeral基数词cardinal numeral序数词ordinal numeral分数词fractional numeral形式form单数形式singular form复数形式plural form限定动词finite verb form非限定动词non-finite verb form原形base form从句clause从属句subordinate clause并列句coordinate clause名词从句nominal clause定语从句attributive clause状语从句adverbial clause宾语从句object clause主语从句subject clause同位语从句appositive clause时间状语从句adverbial clause of time地点状语从句adverbial clause of place方式状语从句adverbial clause of manner让步状语从句adverbial clause of concession原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause结果状语从句adverbial clause of result目的状语从句adverbial clause of purpose条件状语从句adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of unreal condition 含蓄条件句adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句adverbial clause of mixed condition句子sentence简单句simple sentence并列句compound sentence复合句complex sentence并列复合句compound complex sentence陈述句declarative sentence疑问句interrogative sentence一般疑问句general question特殊疑问句special question选择疑问句alternative question附加疑问句tag question反义疑问句disjunctive question修辞疑问句rhetorical question感叹疑问句exclamatory question存在句existential sentence肯定句positive sentence否定句negative sentence祈使句imperative sentence省略句elliptical sentence感叹句exclamatory sentence基本句型basic sentence pattern句子成分members of sentences 主语subject谓语predicate宾语object双宾语dual object直接宾语direct object间接宾语indirect object复合宾语complex object同源宾语cognate object补语complement主补subject complement宾补object complement表语predicative定语attribute同位语appositive状语adverbial句法关系syntactic relationship 并列coordinate从属subordination修饰modification前置修饰pre-modification后置修饰post-modification限制restriction双重限制double-restriction非限制non-restriction数number单数形式singular form复数形式plural form规则形式regular form不规则形式irregular form格case普通格common case所有格possessive case主格nominative case宾格objective case性gender阳性masculine阴性feminine通性common中性neuter人称person第一人称first person第二人称second person第三人称third person时态tense过去将来时past future tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense过去将来完成时past future perfect tense一般现在时present simple tense一般过去时past simple tense一般将来时future simple tense现在完成时past perfect tense过去完成时present perfect tense将来完成时future perfect tense现在进行时present continuous tense过去进行时past continuous tense将来进行时future continuous tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense现在完成进行时present perfect continuous tense 过去完成进行时past perfect continuous tense语态voice主动语态active voice被动语态passive voice语气mood陈述语气indicative mood祈使语气imperative mood虚拟语气subjunctive mood否定negation否定范围scope of negation全部否定full negation局部否定partial negation转移否定shift of negation语序order自然语序natural order倒装语序inversion全部倒装full inversion部分倒装partial inversion直接引语direct speech间接引语indirect speech自由直接引语free direct speech自由间接引语free indirect speech一致agreement主谓一致subject-predicate agreement 语法一致grammatical agreement概念一致notional agreement就近原则principle of proximity强调emphasis重复repetition语音pronunciation语调tone升调rising tone降调falling tone降升调falling-rising tone文体style正式文体formal非正式文体informal口语spoken/oral English套语formulistic expression英国英语British English美国英语American English用法usage感情色彩emotional coloring褒义commendatory贬义derogatory幽默humorous讽刺sarcastic挖苦ironic动名词gerund连字号hyphen祈使语气imperative mood祈使句imperative sentences独立成分indefinite case主句indicative mood物质名词material nouns句子的成分members of the sentence 情态动词modal verbs语气mood词法morphology否定疑问句negative interrogative sentence动词的非限定形式non-finite forms of the verb非限制性定语从句non-restrictive attributive clauses 括号brackets名词的分类classification of nouns从句（分句）clauses同源宾语cognate object集体名词collective nouns冒号colon逗号comma普通格common case普通名词common nouns比较级comparative degree复合宾语complex Object复合句complex sentences并列复合句compound complex sentences表性状的复合谓语compound nominal predicate复合谓语compound predicate并列句compound sentences表行为的复合谓语compound verbal predicate合成词compound words合成compounding ( composition )错综时间条件句conditional sentences of mixed time 连词conjunction连接副词conjunctive adverbs连接代词conjunctive pronouns转化conversion并列连词co-coordinating conjunctions可数名词countable nouns破折号dash陈述句declarative sentences定冠词definite article比较的级别degrees of comparison指示代词demonstrative pronouns派生（词缀法）derivation ( affixation )描绘性定语descriptive attributes呼语direct address直接宾语direct object直接引语direct speech反意问句disjunctive questions省略ellipsis省略句elliptical sentences感叹号exclamation mark感叹句exclamatory sentences动词的限定形式finite forms of the verb虚词form words分数词fractional numerals完全倒装full inversion将来进行时future continuous一般将来时future indefinite将来完成时future perfect将来完成进行时future perfect continuous独立结构absolute constructions物主代词的绝对形式absolute forms of possessive pronouns 抽象名词abstract nouns主动语态active voice方式状语从句adverbial clauses of manner地点状语从句adverbial clauses of place目的状语从句adverbial clauses of purpose时间状语从句adverbial clauses of time程度副词adverbs of degree频度副词adverbs of frequency方式副词adverbs of manner地点副词adverbs of place时间副词adverbs of time选择问句alternative questions句子分析analysis of sentences省略号apostrophe同谓语appositive同位语从句appositive clauses助动词auxiliary verbs插入语parenthesis部分倒装partial inversion分词短语participial phrases分词participle小品词particle词类parts of speech过去式past forms过去分词past participle句号period ( full stop )人称person人称代词personal pronouns成语动词phrasal verbs谓语predicate表语predicative表语从句predicative clauses前缀prefix(es)介词短语prepositional phrases现在式present forms现在分词present participle动词的主要形式principal forms of verbs专有名词proper nouns标点符号punctuation问号question mark引号quotation mark相互代词reciprocal pronouns不定代词indefinite Pronouns关系副词relative adverbs关系代词relative pronouns限制性定语从句restrictive attributive clauses 自身代词self pronouns分号semicolon真实条件句sentences of real condition虚拟条件句sentences of unreal condition时态的呼应sequence of tenses特殊问句special questions虚拟语气subjunctive mood后缀suffix(es)最高级superlative degree句法syntax句型的转换transformation of sentences双部句two-member sentences不可数名词uncountable nouns动词短语verbal phrases名词化的动词verbal noun构词法word building。
英语语法专业术语
英语语法专业术语句法syntax词法morphology层次rank词性part of speech实词notional word 虚词structural word名词noun: 专有名词proper noun; 普通名词common noun 可数名词countable noun; 不可数名词uncountable noun抽象名词abstract noun具体名词concrete noun物质名词material noun集体名词collective noun个体名词individual noun介词preposition连词conjunction并列连词co-coordinating conjunctions规则动词regular verb; 不规则动词irregular verb使役动词causative verb感官动词verb of senses动态动词event verb; 静态动词state verb感叹词exclamation形容词adjective副词adverb程度副词adverbs of degree频度副词adverbs of frequency方式副词adverb of manner时间副词adverb of time地点副词adverb of place修饰性副词adjunct连接性副词conjunct疑问副词interrogative adverb关系副词relative adverb代词pronoun人称代词personal pronoun物主代词possessive pronoun反身代词reflexive pronoun相互代词reciprocal pronoun指示代词demonstrative pronoun疑问代词interrogative pronoun关系代词relative pronoun不定代词indefinite pronoun物主代词possessive pronoun名词性物主代词nominal possessive形容词性物主代词adjectival possessive pronoun冠词article: 定冠词definite article; 不定冠词indefinite article数词numeral: 基数词cardinal numeral; 序数词ordinal numeral分数词fractional numeral形式form: 单数形式singular form; 复数形式plural form限定动词finite verb form 非限定动词non-finite verb form动词根据在句中的功能实义动词notional verb；系动词link verb; 助动词auxiliary verb; 情态动词modal verb是否带宾语：及物动词transitive verb; 不及物动词intransitive verb是否受主语的人称和数的限制限定动词finite verb; 非限定动词infinite verb根据动词的组成形式单字词one-word verb短语动词phrasal verb动词短语verbal phrases五种形态principal forms of verbs原型original form第三人称称单数singular form in third personal过去式past form过去分词past participle现在分词present participle从句clause从属句subordinate clause并列句coordinate clause名词从句nominal clause定语从句attributive clause限制性定语从句restrictive attributive clauses非限制性定语从句non-restrictive attributive clauses状语从句adverbial clause宾语从句object clause主语从句subject clause同位语从句appositive clause表语从句predicative clause时间状语从句adverbial clause of time地点状语从句adverbial clause of place方式状语从句adverbial clause of manner让步状语从句adverbial clause of concession原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause结果状语从句adverbial clause of result目的状语从句adverbial clause of purpose条件状语从句adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of unreal condition 含蓄条件句adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句adverbial clause of mixed condition错综时间条件句conditional sentences of mixed time基本句型basic sentence pattern简单句simple sentence并列句compound sentence复合句complex sentence并列复合句compound complex sentence 陈述句declarative sentence疑问句interrogative sentence一般疑问句general question特殊疑问句special question选择疑问句alternative question附加疑问句tag question修辞疑问句rhetorical question存在句existential sentence肯定句positive sentence否定句negative sentence祈使句imperative sentence省略句elliptical sentence反意问句disjunctive questions感叹号exclamation mark感叹句exclamatory sentences句子成分members of sentences主语subject谓语predicate宾语object双宾语dual object直接宾语direct object间接宾语indirect object复合宾语complex object同源宾语cognate object补语complement主补subject complement宾补object complement表语predicative定语attribute同位语appositive状语adverbial插入语parenthesis句法关系syntactic relationship并列coordinate从属subordination修饰modification前置修饰pre-modification后置修饰post-modification限制restriction双重限制double-restriction非限制non-restriction数number单数形式singular form复数形式plural form规则形式regular form不规则形式irregular form格case普通格common case所有格possessive case主格nominative case宾格objective case性gender阳性masculine 阴性feminine 通性common 中性neuter人称person第一人称first person第二人称second person第三人称third person时态tense过去将来时past future tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense过去将来完成时past future perfect tense一般现在时present simple tense一般过去时past simple tense一般将来时future simple tense现在完成时past perfect tense过去完成时present perfect tense将来完成时future perfect tense现在进行时present continuous tense过去进行时past continuous tense将来进行时future continuous tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense现在完成进行时present perfect continuous tense 过去完成进行时past perfect continuous tense语态voice主动语态active voice被动语态passive voice语气mood陈述语气indicative mood祈使语气imperative mood虚拟语气subjunctive mood否定negation否定范围scope of negation全部否定full negation局部否定partial negation转移否定shift of negation语序order自然语序natural order倒装语序inversion完全倒装fulling inversion部分倒装partial inversion直接引语direct speech间接引语indirect speech自由直接引语free direct speech自由间接引语free indirect speech一致agreement主谓一致subject-predicate agreement 语法一致grammatical agreement概念一致notional agreement就近原则principle of proximity强调emphasis重复repetition语音pronunciation语调tone升调rising tone降调falling tone降升调falling-rising tone文体style正式文体formal非正式文体informal套语formulistic expression感情色彩emotional coloring褒义commendatory贬义derogatory幽默humorous讽刺sarcastic挖苦ironic标点符号punctuation问号question mark引号quotation mark冒号colon逗号comma破折号dash句号period (full stop)省略号apostrophe分号semicolon连字号hyphen比较级comparative degree最高级superlative degree构词法word building派生（词缀法）derivation (affixation)前缀prefix(es) 后缀suffix(es)合成词compound words转化conversion介词短语prepositional phrases分词短语participial phrases描绘性定语descriptive attributes独立结构absolute constructions动名词gerund独立成分indefinite case主句indicative mood否定疑问句negative interrogative sentence动词的非限定形式non-finite forms of the verb 同源宾语cognate object。
英语语法中的专业术语的翻译
感叹词 interjection 缩写 int.
代词pronoun 缩写pron.
名词 noun 缩写n.
☆普通名词 common noun (集体名词 collective noun/个体名词 individual noun
物质名词 material noun/ 抽象名词 abstract noun ) ☆专有名词 proper noun
☆可数名词 countable noun 不可数名词 uncountable noun
关联词 connective
从句 clause
从属句 subordinate clause
并列句 coordinate clause
☆名词从句 nominal clause
主语从句 subject clause
宾语从句 objective clause
表语从句 predicative clause
同位语从句 oppositive clause
定冠词 definite article 不定冠词 indefinite article
☆数词 numeral 缩写num.
基数词 cardinal numeral 序数词 ordinal numeral
连词 conjunction 缩写 conj.
☆并列连词 coordinating conjunction 从属连词 subordinating conjunction
☆定语从句 attributive clause
(完整版)英语语法术语
英语语法术语语法grammar句法syntax词法morphology结构structure层次rank句子sentence从句clause词组phrase词类part of speech单词word实词notional word虚词structural word单纯词simple word派生词derivative复合词compound词性part of speech名词noun专有名词proper noun普通名词common noun可数名词countable noun不可数名词uncountable noun 抽象名词abstract noun具体名词concret noun物质名词material noun集体名词collective noun个体名词individual noun介词preposition连词conjunction动词verb主动词main verb及物动词transitive verb不及物动词intransitive verb 系动词link verb助动词auxiliary verb情态动词modal verb规则动词regular verb不规则动词irregular verb 短语动词phrasal verb限定动词finite verb非限定动词infinite verb使役动词causative verb感官动词verb of senses动态动词event verb静态动词state verb感叹词exclamation形容词adjective副词adverb方式副词adverb of manner程度副词adverb of degree时间副词adverb of time地点副词adverb of place修饰性副词adjunct连接性副词conjunct疑问副词interrogative adverb关系副词relative adverb代词pronoun人称代词personal pronoun物主代词possessive pronoun反身代词reflexive pronoun相互代词reciprocal pronoun指示代词demonstrative pronoun 疑问代词interrogative pronoun 关系代词relative pronoun不定代词indefinite pronoun物主代词possessive pronoun名词性物主代词nominal possessive pronoun形容词性物主代词adjectival possessive pronoun冠词article定冠词definite article不定冠词indefinite article数词numeral基数词cardinal numeral序数词ordinal numeral分数词fractional numeral形式form单数形式singular form复数形式plural form限定动词finite verb form非限定动词non-finite verb form 原形base form从句clause从属句subordinate clause并列句coordinate clause名词从句nominal clause定语从句attributive clause状语从句adverbial clause宾语从句object clause主语从句subject clause同位语从句appositive clause时间状语从句adverbial clause of time地点状语从句adverbial clause of place方式状语从句adverbial clause of manner让步状语从句adverbial clause of concession原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause结果状语从句adverbial clause of result目的状语从句adverbial clause of purpose条件状语从句adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real condition 非真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of unreal condition含蓄条件句adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句adverbial clause of mixed condition句子sentence简单句simple sentence并列句compound sentence复合句complex sentence并列复合句compound complex sentence陈述句declarative sentence疑问句interrogative sentence 一般疑问句general question特殊疑问句special question选择疑问句alternative question 附加疑问句tag question反义疑问句disjunctive question 修辞疑问句rhetorical question感叹疑问句exclamatory question存在句existential sentence肯定句positive sentence基本句型basic sentence pattern 否定句negative sentence祈使句imperative sentence省略句elliptical sentence感叹句exclamatory sentence句子成分members of sentences 主语subject谓语predicate宾语object双宾语dual object直接宾语direct object间接宾语indirect object复合宾语complex object同源宾语cognate object补语complement主补subject complement宾补object complement 表语predicative定语attribute同位语appositive状语adverbial句法关系syntactic relationship 并列coordinate从属subordination修饰modification前置修饰pre-modification后置修饰post-modification限制restriction双重限制double-restriction非限制non-restriction数number单数形式singular form复数形式plural form规则形式regular form不规则形式irregular form格case普通格common case所有格possessive case主格nominative case宾格objective case性gender阳性masculine阴性feminine通性common中性neuter人称person第一人称first person第二人称second person第三人称third person时态tense过去将来时past future tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense过去将来完成时past future perfect tense一般现在时present simple tense 一般过去时past simple tense一般将来时future simple tense 现在完成时past perfect tense 过去完成时present perfect tense 将来完成时future perfect tense 现在进行时present continuous tense过去进行时past continuous tense将来进行时future continuous tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense现在完成进行时present perfect continuous tense过去完成进行时past perfect continuous tense语态voice主动语态active voice被动语态passive voice语气mood陈述语气indicative mood祈使语气imperative mood虚拟语气subjunctive mood否定negation否定范围scope of negation全部否定full negation局部否定partial negation转移否定shift of negation语序order自然语序natural order倒装语序inversion全部倒装full inversion部分倒装partial inversion直接引语direct speech间接引语indirect speech自由直接引语free direct speech 自由间接引语free indirect speech一致agreement主谓一致subject-predicate agreement语法一致grammatical agreement 概念一致notional agreement 就近原则principle of proximity 强调emphasis重复repetition语音pronunciation语调tone升调rising tone降调falling tone降升调falling-rising tone文体style正式文体formal非正式文体informal口语spoken/oral English套语formulistic expression英国英语British English美国英语American English用法usageTerms of English Language Teaching Methodology感情色彩emotional coloring褒义commendatory贬义derogatory幽默humorous讽刺sarcastic挖苦ironic英语教学法术语Aachievement test 成绩测试acquisition 习得，语言习得acquisition 语言习得顺序active mastery 积极掌握active vocabulary 积极词汇，主动词汇affective filtering 情感筛选aim,objective 目的，目标analysis of errors 错误分析analytic approach 分析教学法，分析法analytical reading 分析性阅读application to practice 运用于实践applied linguistics 应用语言学approach 教学路子aptitude test 能力倾向测验Army method 陆军法associative learning 联想性学习auditory discrimination 辨音能力auditory feedback 听觉反馈auditory memory 听觉记忆auditory perception 听觉audio-lingual method 听说法audio-visual method 视听法aural-oral approach 听说教学法，听说法aural-oral method 听说法Bbasic knowledge 基本知识basic principle 基本原则basic theory 基本理论basic training 基本训练basic vocabulary 基本词汇behaviourism 行为主义bilingual 双语的bilingual education 双语教育blank filling 填空Cchain drill 链式操练，连锁操练choral repetition 齐声照读，齐声仿读class management 课常管理classroom interaction 课常应对cloze 完形填空coach 辅导cognitive approach 认知法common core 语言的共同核心，语言共核communicative drill 交际性操练communicative exercise 交际练习communicative langunge teaching 交际派语言教学法，交际教学法community language learning 集体语言学习法comparative method 比较法communicative approach 交际法comprehensible input 不难理解的输入comprehensive method 综合法computer-managed instruction 计算机管理教学concord and coordination 默契与配合console 控制台consonant cluster 辅音连缀context 上下文controlled composition 控制性作文course density 课堂密度course design 课程设计cramming method 灌输式cue word 提示词curriculum 课程，教学大纲curriculum development 课程编制，课程设计cultrual objective,aim 教养目的cclical approach 循环教学法，循环法Ddeductive learning 演绎性学习deductive method 演绎法delayed auditory feedback 延缓听觉反馈demonstration 演示demonstration lesson 示范教学describe a picture in writing 看图说话describe a picture orally 描写语言学diagram 图解diagnostic test 诊断性测验dicto-comp 听写作文direct application 直接应用direct comprehension 直接理解direct learning 直接学习direct method 直接教学法Eeducational objective, aim 教育目的EFL 英语作为外语EGP 通用英语ELT 英语教学English as a Foreign Language 英语作为外语English as an InternationalLanguage 英语作为国际语言English environment 英语环境English for Academic Purposes 学术英语English for general prupose 普通英语English for General Purposes 通用英语English for specific purposes 专用英语ESOL English for Speakers of OtherLanguages 供非英语民族使用的英语English medium school 英语授课学校English teaching;teaching English 英语教学WSD（English as a Second Dialect）英语作为第二方言WSL（English as a Second Language）英语作为第二语言ESL Programme（English as a Second Language Programme）英语（第二语言）教程ESP（English for Special Purposes）专用英语EST（English for Science andTechnology）科技英语evaluation 评语，评价examination 考试examination question 考题experimental method 实验法extensive reading 泛读external speech 外语言语extra-curiculum activity 课外活动extra-curriculum club,group 课外小组Ffacial expression 面部表情feedbace 反馈film projector 电影放映机filmstrip 电影胶片final stage 高级阶段first language 第一语言，母语formative evaluation 自由作文free practice 自由练习frequency of word 词的频率al approach 功能法al syllabus 功能派教学大纲word 功能词Ggeneral linguistics 普通语言学gestalt style 格式塔式（学习），整体式（学习）gesture 手势getting students ready for class 组织教学global learning 整体式学习，囫囵吞枣式学习global question 综合性问题gradation 级进法，分级递升法graded direct method 循序直接法grading 级进法，分级递升法；评分grammar lesson 语法课grammar method 语法法grammar translation method 语法翻译法grammatical analysis 语法分析group reading 集体朗读group training 集体练习guided composition 引导性作文Hheuristic method of teaching 启发式教学法heurstics 启发法；探索法humanistic approach 人本主义教学法Iidealism 唯心主义imitatiom 模仿immersion programme 沉浸式教学imparting knowledge 传授知识incomplete plosive 不完全爆破independent composition 独立作文individualized instruction 个别教学individual training 个别练习inductive learning 归纳性学习inductive method 归纳法inflection,inflexion 词形变化information,processing 信息处理initial beginning stage 初级阶段inner speech 内语言语in-service training 在职培训instructional objective 语言教学目标integrative teaching 综合教学integrated approach 综合教学法，综合法intelligent memory 理解性记忆language training 强化教学intensive training 精读intermediate stage 中级阶段interpretation 头口翻译International Phonetic Alphabet 国际音标Jjuncture 连读，音渡junior high school 初级中学junior school 初级学校junior sceondary school 初级中等学校junior-senior high school 初高中junior technical college(orschool) 初级职业学院（或学校）junior year 大学三年级Kkey words 基本词，关键字kinesics 身势语，身势学kinesthetic memory 动觉记忆knowledge 知识knowledge structure 知识结构Llanguage acquisition 语言习得language acquisition device 语言习得机制language arts 语言技能language competence,or knowledge 语言知识language learning capability 语言学习能力language laboratory;lab 语言实验室language leaning capacity 语言学习能力language pedagogy 语言教育language performance 语言行为language program design 语言课程设计language test 语言测试learning by deduction 演绎性学习learning by induction 归纳性学习learning process 学习过程learning style 学习方式lesson conducting 教课lesson plan 课时计划，教案lesson preparation 备课lesson type 课型linguistics 语言学linguistic competence 语言能力linguistic method 口语领先教学法living language 活的语言long-term memory 长期记忆look-and-say method 看图说话法Mmeaningful drill 有意义的操练neabubgful exercise 有意义的练习meaningful learning 理解性学习means of teaching 教学手段mechanical drill 机械操练mechanical exercise 机械练习mechanical memory 机械记忆mechanical translation 机器翻译medium of instruction 教学媒介语，教学语言memory 记忆，记忆力memory span 记忆幅度memorizing 用记记住method 方法methodology of teaching 教学法methodology of teaching English 英语教学法microteaching 微型教学mim-mem method 模仿—记忆法minimal pair 最小对立体（一种辨音练习）model 模型modeling 示范教学modern equipment 现代化设备modern language 现代语言monitor hypothesis 语言监控说mother tongue 母语motivation 引起动机Nnative language 本族语natural appoach 自然教学法，自然法natural method 自然法needs analysis 需要分析new lesson 新课nine-pile grading 九堆法notional approach 意念法notional-al syllabus 意念-功能派教学大纲notional syllabus 意念大纲、意念派教学大纲Oobservation lesson 观摩教学objective 教学目标optimum age hypothesis 学习最佳年龄说operating principle 操作原则oral approach 口语教学法，口语法oral exercise 口语练习oral method 口授法oral reading 朗读order of acquisition 语言习得顺序organization of teaching materials 教材组织organs of speech 发音器官outside reading 课外阅读overlearing 过量学习Ppaired-associate learning 配对联想学习法pair work 双人作业，双人练习passive vocabulary 消极词汇pattern drill 句型操练pattern practice 句型练习pdeagogical grammar 教学语法pedagogy 教育法peer teaching 同学互教penmanship handwriting 书法perception 知觉performance objective 语言实践目标personality 个性philosophy 哲学phoneme 音素phonetics 语音法phonetic method 按字母音值拼读法phonology 音位学picture 图画phasement test 分班测验plateau of learning 学习高原practical objective 实用目的practice effect 练习效应practice of teaching 教学实践presentation of new materials 提出新材料pre-teaching 预教primary of speech 口语领先principle of communication 交际性原则principle of teaching 教学原则problem solving 习题解答production stage 活用阶段，产出阶段productive exercise 活用练习productive mastery 活用掌握productive vocabulary 活用词汇proficiency 熟练program desing 课程设计psycho-linguistics 心理语言学psychological method 心理法Qqualified teacher 合格教师question band 试题库questionnaire 调查问卷questions 提问Rrapid reading 快速阅读，快读rate of reading 阅读速度readability 易读性read by turns 轮读reading 阅读reading lesson 阅读课reading method 阅读法reading speed 阅读速度reading vocabulary 阅读词汇，阅读词汇量receptive language knowledge 接受性语言知识receptive vocabulary 领会词汇reformed method 改良法regression 回看，重读reinforcement 巩固reinforcement lesson 巩固课repetition drill 复述操练repetition-stage 仿照阶段response 反应retelling 复述retention 记忆teview;tevision 复习review（revise）and check up 复习检查review（revision）lesson 复习课rewriting 改写rhythm 节奏role-play 扮演角色rote learning 强记学习法，死记硬背Sscanning 查阅，扫瞄school practice 教学实习scientific way of thinking 科学的思想方法second language 第二语言segment 音段，切分成分semantics 语义学seminar 课堂讨论sentence completion 完成句子short-term memory 短期记忆sight vocabulary 一见即懂的词汇silent reading 默读silent way 沉默法，静授法simplification 简写simplified reader 简写读本simulation 模拟，模拟性课堂活动simultaneous interpretation 同声翻译situational method 情景法situational language teaching 情景派语言教学法，情景教学法situational method 情景教学法situational syllabus 情景派教学大纲situation reinforcement 情景强化法skimming 略读，济览slide 幻灯片slide projector 幻灯片socialized speech 社会化言语socio-linguistics 社会语言学soft ware 软件speech disorder 言语缺陷speech pathology 言语病理学speech perception 言语知觉speech reading 唇读法speed reading 快速阅读，快读speelling 正字法spiral approach 螺旋式教学法，螺旋法spoken lauguang 口语stage of teaching 教学阶段stick drawing;mathch drawing 简笔画stimulus and response 刺激与反应stress accent 重音，重读structuralism 结构主义（语言学）structural method 结构法student-centered 学生中心student-centered learning 学生为主学习法student teacher 实习教师student teaching 教育实习submersion programme 沉浸式教程substitution 替换substitution table 替换表subvocal reading 默读suggestopaedia 暗示教学法syllabus 教学大纲syllabus design 教学大纲设计syllabus for middle school English 中学英语教学大纲synthetic approach 综合性教学法，综合法synthetical reading 综合性阅读Ttarget language 目的语，译文语言teacher’s book 教师用书teacher’s manual 教师手册teaching experience 教学经验teaching objective,aim 教学目的teaching procedure 教学过程teaching tools;property 教具teaching words in isolation 孤立教单词theory of teaching 教学理论TEFL 英语（外语）教学TESL 英语（第二语言）教学TESOL 对非英语民族教英语time allotment 时间分配total physical response method 整体动作反应法transformation drill 转换操练translation method 翻译法transformational generativegrammar 转化生成语法Uunconscious 潜意识underclassman 低年级学生undergraduate 大学本科生undergraduate course 大学本科课程undergraduate school 大学本科学院undergraduate special 大学特殊课程unified studied 统一课程university high school 大学附属中学university of the air 广播电视大学updating courses/training 现代化课程/训练upgrading courses/training 进修课程/训练upperclassman 高年级学生use and usage 使用和用法utterance 语段Vverbal association 词语联想verbal learning 语言学习，单词学习video 电视，影象videotape 录象磁带visual perception 视觉visual aid 直观手段visit a class 听课visual memory 视觉记忆vocabulary control 词汇控制Wword association 词际联想word list 词表word study 词的研究word frequency 词汇重复率written language 书面语感情色彩emotional coloring褒义commendatory贬义derogatory幽默humorous讽刺sarcastic挖苦ironic英语教学术语Approach教学路子Communicative approach交际法Communicative language teaching 交际语言教学Method教学方法Syllabus design教学大纲设计Frist language母语Second language第二语言Foreign language外语Target language目的语言Techniques技巧Brainstorm指就某一问题随便发表观点或建议的过程Group-work小组活动Pair-work两人一组的活动View of work语言理论或对语言的认识Structural view结构主义语言理论Functional view功能主义语言理论Interactional view交互语言理论Behaviourist theory行为主义学习理论Cognitive theory认知学习理论Process-oriented theory强调过程的语言学习理论Condition-oriented theory强调条件的语言学习理论Audiolingual theory外语教学听说法TPR:total physical respone 全身反应法Silent way沉默法Natural approach自然法Reflective teaching反思教学Communicative approach交际法或交际路子Communicative competence交际能力Linguistic competence语言能力Teaching procedures教学步骤Teaching aids教学辅助材料和设备Variety多样性Flexibility灵活性Learnability可学性Linkage连接Micro planning微观备课Macro planning宏观备课RP:received p ronunciation英国伦敦附近的一种方言。
英语语法专业术语整理
英语语法专业术语整理英语作为全球通用语言，在世界范围内广泛使用。
虽然很多人都能够流利地说英语，但是对于英语的语法知识却不是人人都了解。
本文将为大家整理英语语法中的一些专业术语和概念，帮助大家更好地掌握英语语法知识。
Part 1：基础概念1.1 句子（Sentence）句子是英语语法中最基本的单位，是由一个或多个单词组成的完整意思的表达方式。
句子通常包括主语、谓语和宾语。
1.2 主语（Subject）主语是在句子中执行动作或正在描述的人或物。
它往往出现在谓语动词之前。
例如，在句子“He plays basketball.”中，“he”就是主语。
1.3 谓语（Predicate）谓语是动词的核心部分，用来描述主语执行的动作、状态或情况。
它通常出现在主语之后。
例如，在句子“He plays basketball.”中，“plays”就是谓语。
1.4 宾语（Object）宾语是在句子中受到动作的人或物。
它通常出现在谓语动词之后。
例如，在句子“He plays basketball.”中，“basketball”就是宾语。
1.5 表语（Predicate Nominative）表语是一个名词、形容词或者其他词性，用来描述主语的身份、特征或状态，和主语具有同位关系。
例如，在句子“My favorite animal is a dog.”中，“dog”就是表语。
1.6 宾语补足语（Object Complement）宾语补足语是在句子中描述宾语的词或词组，通常出现在宾语之后。
例如，在句子“I consider her a good friend.”中，“a good friend”就是宾语补足语。
Part 2：句子结构2.1 简单句（Simple Sentence）简单句包含一个主语和一个谓语，它可以独立成为一个完整的句子。
例如，“He ate an apple.”2.2 复合句（Compound Sentence）复合句包含两个或多个简单句，它们通过连词或分号连接起来。
英语语法专业术语最新
英语语法专业术语一词类partofspeech实词notionalword'nunl虚词structuralword/formword.articleprepositionconjunctioninterjection 派生词derivativedi'rivtiv,d'rivtiv复合词compound'kmpaund,km'paund词性partofspeech名词noun专有名词propernoun普通名词commonnoun可数名词countablenoun不可数名词uncountablenoun单数形式singularform复数形式pluralform'plurl,'plurl抽象名词abstractnounb'strkt,'bstrkt具体名词concretenoun'knkri:t物质名词materialnoun集体名词collectivenoun个体名词individualnoun动词verb主动词mainverb及物动词transitiveverb'trnsitiv,'trnstiv不及物动词intransitiveverbin'trnsitiv,in'trnstiv系动词linkverb助动词auxiliaryverb:g'ziljri情态动词modalverb规则动词regularverb不规则动词irregularverb短语动词phrasalverb'freizl,'freizl限定动词finiteverb'fainait非限定动词infiniteverb'infinit,'infnit使役动词causativeverb'k:ztiv感官动词verbofsenses动态动词eventverb静态动词stateverb形容词adjective比较等级degreesofcomparison☆原级positivedegree☆比较级comparativedegree☆最高级superlativedegree所有格possessivecas主格nominativecase宾格objectivecaseb'dektiv性gender'dend阳性masculine'mskjulin,'mskjlin阴性feminine'feminin,'femnin通性common中性neuter'nju:t人称person第一人称firstperson第二人称secondperson第三人称thirdperson 二句子句子成分membersofsentences主语subject谓语predicate'predikeit,'predikit宾语object双宾语dualobject'dju:l 直接宾语directobject 间接宾语indirectobject 复合宾语complexobject 同源宾语cognateobject'k补语complement'kmplimnt,'kmpl.ment,'kmplmnt主补subjectcomplement宾补objectcomplement表语predicative'tiv,'定语attribute'tribju:t,'tribju:t,'tribjut,'tr.bju:t 同位语appositive'pzitiv状语adverbiald'v:bil从句clause从属句subordinateclauses'b:dineit,s'b:,s'b:dnit并列句coordinateclauseku':dneit,ku':dnit,ku':dneit 名词从句nominalclause'nminl,'nmnl定语从句attributiveclause'tribjutiv,'tribjtiv状语从句adverbialclaused'v:bil宾语从句objectclause主语从句subjectclause同位语从句appositiveclause'pzitiv时间状语从句adverbialclauseoftime地点状语从句adverbialclauseofplace方式状语从句adverbialclauseofmanner让步状语从句adverbialclauseofconcessionkn'sen原因状语从句adverbialclauseofcause结果状语从句adverbialclauseofresult目的状语从句adverbialclauseofpurpose条件状语从句adverbialclauseofcondition真实条件状语从句adverbialclauseofrealcondition非真实条件状语从句adverbialclauseofunrealcondition 含蓄条件句adverbialclauseofimpliedcondition错综条件句adverbialclauseofmixedcondition简单句simplesentence并列句compoundsentence复合句complexsentence并列复合句compoundcomplexsentence陈述句declarativesentencedi'klrtiv疑问句interrogativesentence.int'rgtiv一般疑问句generalquestion特殊疑问句specialquestion选择疑问句alternativequestion:l't:ntiv附加疑问句tagquestion反义疑问句disjunctivequestiondis'dktiv修辞疑问句rhetoricalquestionri'trikl感叹疑问句exclamatoryquestioniks'klm.tri,ik'sklm.turi 存在句existentialsentence.egzis'tenl肯定句positivesentence基本句型basicsentencepattern否定句negativesentence祈使句imperativesentenceim'pertiv省略句ellipticalsentencei'liptikl感叹句exclamatorysentenceiks'klm.tri,ik'sklm.turi句法关系syntacticrelationshipsin'tktik并列coordinateku':dneit,ku':dnit,ku':dneit从属subordinationsb.:di'nein,sb.:dn'ein修饰modification.mdifi'kein,.mdf'kein前置修饰pre-modification.mdifi'kein,.mdf'kein后置修饰post-modification.mdifi'kein,.mdf'kein限制restrictionri'strikn双重限制double-restriction非限制non-restriction时态tense过去将来时pastfuturetense过去将来进行时pastfuturecontinuoustense过去将来完成时pastfutureperfecttense一般现在时presentsimpletense一般过去时pastsimpletense一般将来时futuresimpletense现在完成时pastperfecttense过去完成时presentperfecttense将来完成时futureperfecttense现在进行时presentcontinuoustense过去进行时pastcontinuoustense将来进行时futurecontinuoustense过去将来进行时pastfuturecontinuoustense现在完成进行时presentperfectcontinuoustense过去完成进行时pastperfectcontinuoustense语态voice主动语态activevoice被动语态passivevoice语气mood陈述语气indicativemoodin'diktiv 祈使语气imperativemoodim'pertiv 虚拟语气subjunctivemoodsb'dktiv 否定negationni'gein否定范围scopeofnegationskup全部否定fullnegation局部否定partialnegation'pɑ:l转移否定shiftofnegation语序order自然语序naturalorder倒装语序inversionin'v:n 全部倒装fullinversion部分倒装partialinversion 直接引语directspeech间接引语indirectspeech自由直接引语freedirectspeech 自由间接引语freeindirectspeech一致agreement主谓一致subject-predicateagreement'predikeit,'predikit 语法一致grammaticalagreementgr'mtikl概念一致notionalagreement'nunl就近原则principleofproximityprk'simiti,prk'simti强调emphasis'emfsis/emphasize'emfsaiz,'emf.saiz重复repetition.repi'tin语音pronunciation语调tone升调risingtone 降调fallingtone降升调falling-risingtone文体style正式文体formal非正式文体informal用法usage感情色彩emotionalcoloring'klri褒义commendatoryk'mendtri,k'mend.turi 贬义derogatorydi'rgtri,di'rg.turi幽默humorous'hju:mrs讽刺sarcasticsɑ:'kstik挖苦ironicai'rnik语法grammar句法syntax'sintks词法morphologym:'fldi 结构structure层次rank句子sentence从句clause 词组phrase插入语parenthesis。
英语语法专业术语
英语语法专业术语（一）词类 part of speech实词 notional word ['nəuʃənəl]虚词 structural word/ form word (e.g. article preposition conjunction interjection) 派生词derivative [di'rivətiv, də'rivətiv]复合词compound ['kɔmpaund,kɔm'paund]词性part of speech名词 noun专有名词 proper noun普通名词 common noun可数名词 countable noun静态动词 state verb形容词 adjective比较等级 degrees of comparison☆原级 positive degree☆比较级 comparative degree☆最高级 superlative degree所有格 possessive cas主格 nominative case宾格 objective case [əb'dʒektiv]性 gender ['dʒendə]阳性 masculine ['mæskjulin, 'mæskjəlin]阴性 feminine ['feminin, 'femənin]通性 common中性 neuter ['nju:tə]人称 person第三人称 third person 第一人称 first person第二人称 second person（二）句子句子成分 members of sentences主语 subject谓语 predicate ['predikeit,'predikit] Array让步状语从句 adverbial clause of concession [kən'seʃən]原因状语从句 adverbial clause of cause结果状语从句 adverbial clause of result目的状语从句 adverbial clause of purpose条件状语从句 adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of unreal condition含蓄条件句 adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句 adverbial clause of mixed condition简单句 simple sentence并列句 compound sentence复合句 complex sentence并列复合句 compound complex sentence陈述句 declarative sentence [di'klærətiv]疑问句 interrogative sentence [.intə'rɔgətiv]一般疑问句 general question特殊疑问句 special question选择疑问句 alternative question [ɔ:l'tə:nətiv]附加疑问句 tag question反义疑问句 disjunctive question [dis'dʒʌŋktiv]修辞疑问句 rhetorical question [ri'tɔrikəl]一般将来时 future simple tense现在完成时 past perfect tense过去完成时 present perfect tense将来完成时 future perfect tense现在进行时 present continuous tense过去进行时 past continuous tense将来进行时 future continuous tense过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense现在完成进行时 present perfect continuous tense 过去完成进行时 past perfect continuous tense语态 voice主动语态 active voice被动语态 passive voice语气 mood陈述语气 indicative mood [in'dikətiv] 祈使语气 imperative mood [im'perətiv] 虚拟语气 subjunctive mood [səb'dʒʌŋktiv]否定 negation [ni'geiʃən]否定范围 scope of negation [skəup]全部否定 full negation局部否定 partial negation ['pɑ:ʃəl]幽默 humorous ['hju:mərəs]讽刺 sarcastic [sɑ:'kæstik]挖苦 ironic [ai'rɔnik]语法 grammar句法 syntax ['sintæks]词法 morphology [mɔ:'fɔlədʒi] 结构 structure层次 rank句子 sentence从句 clause 词组 phrase插入语parenthesis。
英语语法专业术语
英语语法专业术语语法 grammar句法 syntax词法 morphology构造 structure层次 rank句子 sentence从句 clause词组 phrase词类 part of speech单词 word实词 notional word虚词 structural word名词 noun专出名词proper noun可数名词countable noun不行数名词uncountable no抽象名词abstract noun详细名词concrete noun物质名词material noun集体名词collective noun个体名词individual noun介词 preposition连词 conjunction动词 verb主动词main verb及物动词transitive verb不及物动词intransitive verb 系动词link verb助动词auxiliary verb神态动词modal verb规则动词regular verb不规则动词irregular verb 短语动词phrasal verb限制动词finite verb非限制动词infinite verb使役动词causative verb感官动词verb of senses动向动词event verb静态动词state verb叹息词exclamation形容词adjective副词 adverb方式副词adverb of manner程度副词adverb of degree时间副词adverb of time地址副词adverb of place修饰性副词adjunct连结性副词conjunct疑问副词interrogative adverb关系副词relative adverb代词 pronoun人称代词personal pronoun物主代词possessive pronoun反身代词reflexive pronoun互相代词reciprocal pronoun指示代词demonstrative pronoun疑问代词interrogative pronoun关系代词relative pronoun不定代词indefinite物主代词possessive pronoun名词性物主代词nominal possessive形容词性物主代词adjectival possessive pronoun冠词 article定冠词definite article不定冠词indefinite article数词 numeral基数词cardinal numeral序数词ordinal numeral分数词fractional numeral形式 form单数形式singular form复数形式plural form限制动词finite verb form非限制动词non-finite verb form 原形base form从句 clause附属句subordinate clause并列句coordinate clause名词从句nominal clause定语从句attributive clause状语从句adverbial clause宾语从句object clause主语从句subject clause同位语从句appositive clause时间状语从句adverbial clause of time地址状语从句adverbial clause of place方式状语从句adverbial clause of manner退步状语从句adverbial clause of concession原由状语从句adverbial clause of cause结果状语从句adverbial clause of result目的状语从句adverbial clause of purpose条件状语从句adverbial clause of condition真切条件状语从句adverbial clause of real condition非真切条件状语从句adverbial clause of unreal condition 委婉条件句adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句adverbial clause of mixed condition句子 sentence简单句simple sentence陈说句declarative sentence疑问句interrogative sentence一般疑问句general question特别疑问句special question选择疑问句alternative question附带疑问句tag question反义疑问句disjunctive question 修辞疑问句rhetorical question 叹息疑问句exclamatory question 存在句existential sentence一定句positive sentence否认句negative sentence祈使句imperative sentence省略句elliptical sentence叹息句exclamatory sentence基本句型basic sentence pattern 句子成分members of sentences 主语 subject谓语 predicate宾语 object双宾语dual object直接宾语direct object间接宾语indirect object同源宾语cognate object表语 predicative定语 attribute同位语appositive状语 adverbial句法关系 syntactic relationship 并列 coordinate附属 subordination修饰 modification前置修饰pre-modification后置修饰post-modification限制 restriction两重限制double-restriction非限制non-restriction数 number单数形式singular form复数形式plural form规则形式regular form不规则形式irregular form格 case所有格 possessive case主格 nominative case宾格 objective case性 gender阳性 masculine阴性 feminine中性 neuter人称 person第一人称first person第二人称second person第三人称third person时态 tense过去未来时past future tense过去未来进行时past future continuous tense过去未来达成时past future perfect tense一般此刻时present simple tense一般过去时past simple tense一般未来时future simple tense此刻达成时past perfect tense过去达成时present perfect tense未来达成时future perfect tense此刻进行时present continuous tense过去进行时past continuous tense未来进行时future continuous tense过去未来进行时past future continuous tense此刻达成进行时present perfect continuous tense过去达成进行时past perfect continuous tense 语态 voice主动语态active voice被动语态passive voice语气 mood陈说语气indicative mood祈使语气imperative mood虚构语气subjunctive mood否认 negation否认范围scope of negation所有否认full negation局部否认partial negation转移否认shift of negation语序 order自然语序natural order倒装语序inversion所有倒装full inversion部分倒装partial inversion直接引语direct speech间接引语indirect speech自由直接引语free direct speech自由间接引语free indirect speech 一致 agreement主谓一致subject-predicate agreement 语法一致grammatical agreement观点一致notional agreement就近原则principle of proximity重申emphasis重复repetition语音pronunciation语调tone升调 rising tone降调falling tone降升调falling-rising tone文体 style正式文体formal非正式文体informal口语 spoken/oral English套语 formulistic expression英国英语British English美国英语American English感情色彩emotional coloring贬义 derogatory风趣 humorous嘲讽 sarcastic奚落 ironic动名词gerund连字号hyphen祈使语气imperative mood祈使句imperative sentences独立成分indefinite case主句indicative mood物质名词material nouns句子的成分members of the sentence神态动词modal verbs语气 mood词法morphologynegative interrogative sentence否认疑问句动词的非限制形式non-finite forms of the verb非限制性定语从句non-restrictive attributive clauses 括号 brackets从句（分句） clauses同源宾语cognate object集体名词collective nouns冒号 colon错综时间条件句conditional sentences of mixed time 连词conjunction连结副词conjunctive adverbs连结代词conjunctive pronouns转变conversion并列连词co-coordinating conjunctions可数名词countable nouns破折号dash陈说句declarative sentences定冠词definite article指示代词demonstrative pronouns派生（词缀法）derivation ( affixation )描述性定语descriptive attributes呼语 direct address直接宾语direct object直接引语direct speech省略ellipsis省略句elliptical sentences叹息号exclamation mark叹息句exclamatory sentences动词的限制形式finite forms of the verb虚词 form words分数词fractional numerals完整倒装full inversion未来进行时 future continuous一般未来时future indefinite未来达成时future perfect未来达成进行时future perfect continuous独立构造absolute constructions物主代词的绝对形式absolute forms of possessive pronouns 抽象名词abstract nouns主动语态active voice方式状语从句adverbial clauses of manner地址状语从句adverbial clauses of place目的状语从句adverbial clauses of purpose时间状语从句adverbial clauses of time程度副词adverbs of degree频度副词adverbs of frequency 方式副词adverbs of manner地址副词adverbs of place时间副词adverbs of time选择问句alternative questions 句子剖析analysis of sentences 省略号apostrophe同谓语appositive同位语从句appositive clauses 助动词auxiliary verbs插入语parenthesis部分倒装partial inversion分词短语participial phrases分词 participle小品词particle词类 parts of speech过去式past forms过去分词 past participle句号period ( full stop )人称person人称代词personal pronouns成语动词phrasal verbs谓语predicate表语predicative表语从句predicative clauses前缀 prefix(es)介词短语prepositional phrases此刻式present forms此刻分词present participle动词的主要形式principal forms of verbs专出名词proper nouns标点符号punctuation问号 question mark引号 quotation mark互相代词reciprocal pronouns不定代词indefinite Pronouns关系副词relative adverbs关系代词relative pronouns限制性定语从句restrictive attributive clauses 自己代词self pronouns分号 semicolon真切条件句sentences of real condition虚构条件句sentences of unreal condition 时态的响应sequence of tenses特别问句 special questions虚构语气subjunctive mood后缀 suffix(es)最高等superlative degree句法 syntax句型的变换 transformation of sentences 双部句two-member sentences不行数名词uncountable nouns动词短语 verbal phrases名词化的动词verbal noun构词法word building。
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英语语法专业术语 语法 grammar 句法 syntax 词法 morphology 结构 structure 层次 rank 句子 sentence 从句 clause 词组 phrase 词类 part of speech 单词 word 实词 notional word 虚词 structural word 名词 noun 专有名词proper noun
可数名词countable noun 不可以数名词uncountable no 抽象名词abstract noun
详尽名词concrete noun
物质名词material noun
集体名词 collective noun1/ 16个体名词individual noun
介词 preposition 连词 conjunction 动词 verb 主动词main verb
及物动词 transitive verb 不及物动词intransitive verb
系动词link verb
助动词auxiliary verb 神情动词 modal verb 规则动词regular verb 不规则动词 irregular verb 短语动词phrasal verb 限制动词finite verb 非限制动词infinite verb
使役动词causative verb
感官动词 verb of senses 动向动词event verb
静态动词state verb
惋惜词exclamation
形容词 adjective2/ 16副词 adverb 方式副词 adverb of manner 程度副词 adverb of degree 时间副词adverb of time
地点副词 adverb of place 修饰性副词 adjunct 连接性副词conjunct
疑问副词 interrogative adverb 关系副词 relative adverb 代词 pronoun 人称代词personal pronoun
物主代词 possessive pronoun 反身代词reflexive pronoun
相互代词 reciprocal pronoun 指示代词 demonstrative pronoun 疑问代词interrogative pronoun
关系代词 relative pronoun 不定代词indefinite
物主代词 possessive pronoun 名词性物主代词nominal possessive 形容词性物主代词adjectival possessive pronoun3/ 16冠词 article 定冠词 definite article 不定冠词 indefinite article 数词 numeral 基数词cardinal numeral
序数词 ordinal numeral 分数词 fractional numeral 形式 form 单数形式singular form
复数形式plural form
限制动词 finite verb form 非限制动词 non-finite verb form 原形base form 从句 clause 隶属句subordinate clause
并列句 coordinate clause 名词从句nominal clause
定语从句 attributive clause 状语从句 adverbial clause 宾语从句 object clause 主语从句subject clause
4/ 16同位语从句appositive clause
时间状语从句 adverbial clause of time 地点状语从句adverbial clause of place
方式状语从句adverbial clause of manner
退步状语从句adverbial clause of concession
原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause
结果状语从句adverbial clause of result
目的状语从句 adverbial clause of purpose 条件状语从句adverbial clause of condition
真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real condition 非真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of unreal condition 委宛条件句adverbial clause of implied condition
错综条件句 adverbial clause of mixed condition 句子 sentence 简单句 simple sentence 陈述句 declarative sentence 疑问句 interrogative sentence 一般疑问句general question
特别疑问句 special question 选择疑问句alternative question
附加疑问句tag question
5/ 16反义疑问句disjunctive question
修辞疑问句 rhetorical question 惋惜疑问句exclamatory question
存在句existential sentence
必定句positive sentence
否定句negative sentence
祈使句 imperative sentence 省略句 elliptical sentence 惋惜句exclamatory sentence
基本句型basic sentence pattern
句子成分members of sentences
主语 subject 谓语 predicate 宾语 object 双宾语 dual object 直接宾语direct object
间接宾语 indirect object 同源宾语 cognate object 表语 predicative 定语 attribute 同位语 appositive6/ 16状语 adverbial 句法关系 syntactic relationship 并列 coordinate 隶属 subordination 修饰 modification 前置修饰pre-modification
后置修饰 post-modification 限制 restriction 双重限制double-restriction
非限制non-restriction
数 number 单数形式singular form
复数形式plural form
规则形式regular form
不规则形式 irregular form 格 case 全部格 possessive case 主格 nominative case 宾格 objective case 性 gender 阳性 masculine7/ 16阴性 feminine 中性 neuter 人称 person 第一人称 first person 第二人称 second person 第三人称 third person 时态 tense 过去将来时past future tense
过去将来进行时past future continuous tense 过去将来完成时past future perfect tense 一般现在时 present simple tense 一般过去时past simple tense
一般将来时future simple tense
现在完成时 past perfect tense 过去完成时present perfect tense
将来完成时 future perfect tense 现在进行时 present continuous tense 过去进行时past continuous tense
将来进行时future continuous tense
过去将来进行时past future continuous tense 现在完成进行时present perfect continuous tense8/ 16