雅思阅读考点词
2023年雅思阅读机经类7
和古代奴隶小孩旳例子。
英文原文阅读Mistakes Improve Children's LearningEveryone makes mistakes and children are no exception. What's important is how we learn from them. Yet, children grow up in a society that pressures them to be perfect and intelligent - to achieve the highest SAT scores, land prized scholarships, and get into the best universities. Parents reinforce this pressure at home when they cover up children's mistakes, correct homework to improve grades, or drill knowledge into kids until they get it right. Stress is increased when children are constantly praised for their intelligence. How does this focus on perfection and IQ affect learning? And how can we help children and teens believe in themselves by accepting their mistakes and learning from them?A recent Scientific American article, Getting it Wrong: Surprising Tips on How to Learn,supports a number of learning and developmental theories. Historically, many educators have created conditions for learning that do not encourage errors. And parents have followed suit. For example, if we drill children over and over again with the same math problem, they will eventually remember the answer. And if they are lucky, they will remember the answer on a standardized test.This approach to learning assumes that if students are allowed to make mistakes, they will not learn the correct information. However, recent research shows this to be an incorrect assumption. In fact, studies have found that learning is enhanced when children make mistakes!Whether it involves homework, developing friendships, or playing soccer, learning is enriched through error. Making mistakes is part of how kids are challenged to learn to do things differently. It motivates them to try new approaches.Carol Dweck, a professor at Stanford University, studies the importance of challenging children, even if they get things wrong. Her research shows that praising children for their intelligence can actually make them less likely to persist in the face of challenge. She and her colleagues followed hundreds of 5th grade children in New York City schools. One group was praised for their intelligence while the other group was praised for their effort.When the 5th graders were challenged with an extremely difficult test designed for 8th graders, a surprising result occurred. The students who had been praised for their effort worked very hard, even though they made a lot of mistakes. The kids praised for being smart became discouraged and saw their mistakes as a sign of failure. Intelligence testing for the kids praised for their effort increased by 30% while the kids praised for their intelligence dropped by 20%.。
1.雅思冯涛词汇网课阅读考点词---同意转换(笔记)
考点词班本质就是换词儿~ 各个人的敏感度不一样一二三同意转换一：简单换词二：解释总结三：抽象到具体同转大列表最常见29组：（差不多攻克一级同转）绝对不会考单词的使用，只要认识就可以1. 阻止Stop-halt-pause-prevent-hinder-hamper-impede (halt-hinder频率最高)authority can put a halt to….(C795 22)正负向词都可以理解为负向词，比如下降不好消极的阻碍正向词是上升鼓励促进prevent 与able to 是反的2. 祖先Forebear-forefather-ancestor-early tribes（部落）-early generation-early incarnation（化身）-predecessor (其中ancestor 最常考) 还可能换成the past 或In the past…早晚要是表示了比较早的时间节点都可以很early in the past 这种词汇替换补充：sufficiency—enough 足够quantity-how many3.居民inhabitant-resident-citizen-civilian-occupant-dweller-native/local/indigenous people-community（C752-38）4. 不同的distinct-distinctive-differing-different-distinction-difference文中可能有很多类别，注意题目展开的类别。
（C9 51 28ti）5. 气味smell-scent-aroma-odour(odor)-olfactionsmell 宽词scent 淡淡的好味aroma 强烈的好味odour 不好的味道olfaction学术词elaborate 详细阐述精心制作（C8 52 38ti）6. 导致prompt-cause-lead to –result in-contribute to –trigger—engender-as a result前原因后结果improve-expansion 正向词7 由于because of-due to- result from-thanks to – as a result of前结果后原因雅思考试原因结果的辨识，可能会互换误导。
雅思 A类 剑桥4-14 听力阅读 常考题干词汇总
Passage2 Question14-17 Irrigation Sedimentation
Question25-26 Invalid Population Distribution
Question27-30 Survey
Section4 Question31-32 Corporate Committed Unintentional Fraud
Question33-38 Conventional
Question4-7 Contract Garret Eventually Excess Hail Principal Grant
Passage2 Question14-19 Pupil
Question20-22 Instruct Denounce Psychiatrist Administer Volt
Cambridge4-14 Listening And Reading Words
C4T1 C4T2 C4T3 C4T4
C8T1 C8T2 C8T3 C8T4
C12T5 C12T6 C12T7 C12T8
C5T1 C5T2 C5T3 C5T4
C9T1 C9T2 C9T3 C9T4
C13T1 C13T2 C13T3 C13T4
Question10-13 Linguistic Inevitable
Passage2
Question14-15 Pharmaceutical Alongside Reluctant Alternative Herbal Remedy Prescribe Previous Orthodox Question16-23 Consultation Retraining Acupuncture
雅思考点词538
雅思考点词538介绍雅思考试是国际英语语言测试系统（International English Language Testing System）的简称，全球范围内广泛被认可和接受。
考生需要通过四个模块的测试：听力、阅读、写作和口语。
本文将主要探讨雅思考点词538，这是一套包含了多个词汇考点的备考资料。
通过系统学习和掌握这些考点，考生可以提高词汇量、学会正确使用单词，并且在雅思考试中取得更好的成绩。
为什么要学习雅思考点词538学习雅思考点词538有以下几个原因：1.高频词汇：这些考点覆盖了雅思考试中经常出现的高频词汇，掌握它们可以帮助考生更好地理解和应对试题。
2.词汇运用：在雅思写作和口语中，准确、流利地运用词汇是获得高分的重要因素之一。
学习这些考点词汇可以帮助考生增强词汇量，并且正确地运用它们。
3.阅读技巧：阅读是雅思考试中的重要模块。
通过了解和掌握这些考点词汇，考生可以更好地理解文章内容，提高阅读速度和理解能力。
4.反复出现：这些词汇在雅思考试中经常反复出现，掌握它们可以提高考生对试题的理解和作答速度。
学习方法学习雅思考点词538需要采取科学有效的学习方法。
以下是一些建议：1. 制定学习计划制定合理的学习计划是有效学习的前提。
根据自己的时间安排和学习进度，合理安排每天的学习时间，并且坚持执行。
2. 创造学习环境创造一个安静、舒适、没有干扰的学习环境。
关闭手机和电视，集中注意力，提高学习效率。
3. 制作学习卡片将每个考点词汇写在一张卡片上，卡片的一面写单词，另一面写词义、用法和例句。
通过不断翻看和记忆，加深对词汇的掌握。
4. 多做练习题找一些相关的练习题，通过做题来检验对考点词汇的理解和运用能力。
可以找一些雅思真题或者相关的练习题集进行练习。
5. 参加词汇班或者小组讨论加入一个雅思词汇班或者组建一个学习小组来一起学习讨论。
和其他同学交流和讨论可以帮助加深对词汇的理解和记忆。
高频考点词汇以下是雅思考点词538中的一些高频考点词汇：1.Achieve - 实现，达到2.Analyze - 分析3.Evaluate - 评估，评价4.Impact - 影响5.Improve - 改善，提高6.Limit - 限制7.Modify - 修改8.Observe - 观察9.Oppose - 反对10.Predict - 预测总结雅思考点词538是备考雅思考试的一套非常有用的工具。
剑桥雅思10阅读解析 TEST1 PASSAGE1
智 课 网 雅 思 备 考 资 料剑桥雅思10阅读解析 TEST1 PASSAGE12015年4月30日剑桥雅思10正式放出，智课外语网为雅思考生们带来最新最全的剑桥雅思10听力test3答案，希望能给雅思考生们带来帮助。
剑桥雅思10听力test3答案是由智课外语网整理发布的剑桥雅思10听力答案。
2015年4月30日剑桥雅思10正式放出，智课外语网为雅思考生们带来最新最全的剑桥雅思10阅读解析 TEST1PASSAGE1，希望能给雅思考生们带来帮助。
剑桥雅思10阅读解析TEST1 PASSAGE1是由智课外语网整理发布的剑桥雅思10阅读解析。
剑桥雅思10TEST1 PASSAGE1阅读解析1.总体难度概括：中等，题型简单，但词汇较难。
2.文章标题：Stepwell，话题：科技3.词汇准备：单词 词性 解释 第一段 inhabitant n. 居民 utilitarian adj.实用主义的 stepwell n. 梯井 irrigation n. 灌溉 access n. 进入 第二段unique adj. 独一无二的 architectural adj. 建筑学的 vary v. 变化heyday n. 全盛期 leisure n. 空闲 community n. 社区 第三段comprise v. 由...组成 descend v. 下降 negotiate v. 谈判underground n. 地下 aquifer n. 蓄水层 第三段 vast adj. 巨大的elaborate adj. 精心制作的 pave v. 铺设 slope n. 斜坡 via prep. 通过pavilion n. 亭子 shelter v. 保护 relentless adj. 残酷的 第四段construct v. 建造 divert v. 转移 well n. 井 suffer v. 经历，遭受drought n. 干旱 第五段 site n. 地点 undergo v. 经历，遭受restoration n. 恢复 第六段 survive v. 生存 ancient adj. 古代的incredibly adv. 难以置信的 monument n. 纪念碑 sculpture n. 雕塑第七段 honour n. 荣誉 resemble v. 相似 tank n. 缸 display v. 显示stunning adj. 极好的 geometrical adj. 几何学的 第八段 renowned adj. 著名的 wealth n. 财富 第九段 commission n. 委员会 intricately adv. 杂乱地 carve v. 雕刻 第十段 ruined adj. 毁灭的 dramatic adj.引人注目的 steeply adv. 陡峭地 striking adj. 显著的 veranda n.走廊，阳台 overlook n. 眺望 pattern n. 形式 第十一段 storey n. 楼层underwater n. 水下 colonnad n. 柱廊 第十二段 neglect v. 忽略medieval adj. 中世纪的 recognise v. 承认，认可 preserve v. 保护flock n. 群 reminder n. 暗示 civilisation n. 文明4. 题型分析：这篇文章由判断和填空组成，是典型的第一篇文章结构。
请收下这份雅思备考全攻略！
请收下这份雅思备考全攻略！雅思备考全攻略来啦~掌握这些技巧助你一次就能能拿下雅思，走上人生巅峰。
一、雅思听力备考1.考试要求和备考目标(1)核心考察点：捕捉关键信息。
(2)能力要求：英语能力+注意力。
(3)备考重点：语料库(听单词、听句子)，做真题，精听/精读原文。
2雅思听力技巧选择题：所听非所得(能蒙对70%，尤其是长的选项，若包含原文原词则一般不是答案)。
填空题：所听即所得(大多是填名词)。
利用放example的时间先读题(不妨读出声)，划出题干中的关键词(空格前的动词或介词)。
同义转换：题干中的关键词基本都是对听力内容的同义改写(paraphrase)。
3.剑桥雅思听力题(1)听一遍之后做题，做不出的题目，再听1-2遍，仍然做不出的题目，看录音文本，查生词。
(2)做完题目后，跟着录音读，注意发音准确和自然流畅。
搞不清楚的地方必须要跟读，尤其是有连读的地方。
(3)跟读完之后，再做一遍题目。
(4)复述或听写：这个步骤可以省略6.5分考生：复述录音内容，并把自己的复述录下来，和录音做对比，纠正自己的发音和语流。
7-7.5分考生：听写S2，确保介词、冠词的正确。
8分以上考生：听写S3、S4。
(5)听力题做口语素材：S2适合6分考生，S3、S4适合7分考生。
听力题与口语题的相同逻辑：细节比数量重要。
二、雅思阅读备考1.考试要求和备考目标：(1)核心考察点：搜索关键信息(扫读、定位)，词汇(识别同义转换，读懂关键信息)，语法(快速分析长句子)。
(2)能力要求：英语能力+百科知识。
(3)备考重点：研究真题，阅读报章，积累词汇(常见学术词汇)，运用语法(理解长难句)。
(4)得分要点6分(23-26)：填空题、选择题争取全对，判断题、配对题争取多对，标题题连做带蒙。
做题时感觉时间不够，说明水平在7分以下。
7分(30-32)：填空题、选择题、判断题争取全对，配对题、标题题争取多对。
多数考生应争取考到7分以上。
教你应对雅思阅读中带“only”的词汇判断题
教你应对雅思阅读中带“only”的词汇判断题雅思阅读判断题历来视为考生的疑难杂症，也是考题数量偏多的题型之一。
其中的考点和逻辑关系的判断也是十分复杂，众多考点中无非有考生最熟悉的only等绝对词出现的情形。
那么是否带有only的题目真像学术界谣传的所谓“出现only答案就是false或no的情况”。
本文将对此问题加以深度剖析。
以剑桥C7T3P3为例：“The biological functions of forests were recognized only in thetwenti ethcentury. ”【题目译文】：“森林的生物学功能只是在20世纪才被认知。
”【题目分析】：“forest”作为文章的主旨词则不需定位，但生物学功能“biologicalfunctions”则需作为定位词带回原文。
题目中的状语“only in the twentiethcentury”则成为了考点词，尤其需要关注only的情况。
【原文分析】：“the economic importance of forests has been understood since thedawn of man-wood was the first fuel. The other aspects have been recognized onlyfor a few centuries but they are becoming more and more important.“森林的经济学意义自有人类以来就得到了认可——木材是最重要的燃料。
森林的其它功能已经被认可了近几个世纪但是它们正变得越发重要”。
原文对森林的生物学功能做了界定，即其它方面的功能包括了生物学功能，且已经被认可了近几个世纪的时间。
题目却说只是在20世纪才被认可，所以题目与原文说法矛盾，故答案为错误。
下面以剑桥C6T2P1为例来浅析only的例外情况：“Cities with high levels of bicycle usage can be efficient even when publictransport is only averagely good.”【题目译文】：“自行车使用量高的城市比较高效，即使公共交通水平一般。
刘洪波第一二三类考点词-+-汇总(538个)pdf
25
budget
n.预算
fund, fi nancial
26
adapt to
使适应
fi t, suit
27
alternative
28
compensate
adj.办供替代的，供选 择的 n.替代品 v.补偿，赔偿
substitute make up, off set
29
component
n.成分，要素
proportion
notwithstanding, although, though, istnesmteafrdom*,转de折ri结ve构, o是wi雅ng思t阅o,读d的ue重t要o,考点 according to, because of, on account of, as a result of, leading to, because, since, for, in that, as, therefore, hence *因果关系是雅思阅读的重要考点
要求：滚瓜瓜烂熟。
1
resemble
v.像，与……相似
like, look like, be similar to
2
recognize
3
adjust
v.认出，识别；承认 v.调整，使适合
perceive, acknowledge, realize,
appreciate, admit, identify, ccohmanpgreeh, emnodd, iufyn,dsehrsiftt,aanldte,rknow
13
exchange
v.促进，激起 v.交换
initiate, immediately share, apply A to B
雅思阅读常见近义词汇总定稿版
雅思阅读常见近义词汇总HUA system office room 【HUA16H-TTMS2A-HUAS8Q8-HUAH1688】雅思阅读捷径：同义替换词和考点雅思阅读题目出题的本质是三种替换：同义词/词组替换，句型替换，语法替换。
以下是剑桥真题中的考点词,替换词,一次多义总结：1.rigid /stiff /unchanged /little change 僵硬的，一成不变的2.significant /enormous /dramatic /tremendous /appreciably/remarkable /crucial /substantial 巨大的,明显的，程度大的3.approximately/ nearly / almost 将近4.proportion / percentage 比例5.be involved (in) /involve in /involvement [n.] 涉及，卷入，参与6.given /considering , in regard to /despite /although 有鉴于,考虑到，尽管7.induce [v] 引入，引导，引诱/inductive [n] 归纳（deduce/deductive推断）8.fortune /destiny / chances9.deplete开采完，耗尽exhaust –exhaust emission (尾气)排放exploitplex 错综复杂的Complicated / sophisticated 老奸巨滑的，复杂的11.capacity能力，容量competence （竞争）能力ability 能力（笼统的）12. Secure-security / ensure (insure) / guarantee 押金，确保，保障13.solely /merely / only14.a vast array of 系列a great variety of 花样，品种a great rang of系列15.pesticide 杀虫suicide 自杀homicide/murder杀人16.believe/assume (responsibility)/suppose17. authorize/commission 授权，委托，佣金entitle 头衔 + ment =right （权利）18. Purchase / buy19. ethnic 种族的ethic 伦理，道德的 + s =[n.]20. modify / change [v] shift work 轮班工作[n]21. Insight / knowledge / learning / understanding / knowing22.constrain拘泥，限制restrict 限制limit23. circumstance 环境（社会）surroundings/environment 环境（环保）背景background 后台settings后台，布景context 上下文（文章中）24.notorious 臭名昭着的flagrant臭的fragrant 香的25.移民：immigrant (进来)emigrant(出去)migrant26.兴旺，繁荣；prosperousThrivingbooming（人口，行业）flourishing27.神圣的：divineHeavenlyHolySacred28.有毒的：poisonous / toxic ( in-, non- 无毒的)29.致命的：deadly / fatal / lethal / mortal30.类似于：look like / resemble31. chronic长期的,慢性的long-term 长期的32.网恋：virtual love/cyber love33.网友：on-line /net/cyber friend上网（聊天）chat on line网吧go on-line cyber café34.evolve-evolution 进化revolute-revolution 革命，旋转involve-involution 卷入，涉及35. indicator/predictor表示诠释，预测36.indicate/demonstrate/display/exhibit/betray37. therapist /expert/specialist38. 优点，长处，美德：advantage/merit/virtue/length39. commonest/frequent40. 未开发的，初级的：rudimentary/underdeveloped41. 退化:degenerate/-tion[n]->generate 生产,制造degrade->grade等级deteriorate恶化42. 分类：category-categorize / class-classify43. consequence后果->影响subsequence紧跟其后sequence=order秩序frequency频率44.clash 冲突（民族，种族）crash 飞机坠毁45.substitution=> substitute sth for sb /replace46.alternative=>选择性，代替性，辅助性47. isolate/alienate孤立insulate隔绝,排外,孤立be alien to/insulate (-ior) 绝缘,隔热（体）48． Defect / flaw / failing / disadvantage / drawback 缺点，不足之处49.创新的，发明的，新颖的，创新的：inventive (-tion)/innovative (-tion)/creative(-tion)/ingenious (ity)/novel (-ty) => [n]creative/revolutionary·易错拼写：environment/convenient49．neutral中立的，中性的negative否定，消极，阴性的positive 肯定,积极,阳性的50．ambiguous->ambiguity/obscure模棱两可的，暧昧的municate 沟通，传达，通报52.accommodate 1供...食宿，2=adapt to 适应，调整，3=hold 容纳，4使…停靠mitment to sth 奉献 2 责任,义务54．contribute to导致result in /account for (占据)导致54. inadequate / insufficient / deficient / lack (of) / short (of) 缺乏的，不足的55. emphasize/stress/highlight/focus on/concentrate on强调apparently 显而易见的patently 道貌岸然的obviously =>evidently56. (be) / skeptical / skeptical / dubious / suspicious(about/of) 对…怀疑57. Drawback /fault /defect / imperfection / failing / weakness / shortcoming / flaw缺点，缺陷58. notorious->notoriety / flagrant / smelly / odorous臭命昭着的59.association / structure / organization机构，组织60. Exceed /surpass超过61. molten rock/lava/magma岩浆62. linguist 语言学家lingual 和语言有关的bilingual双语63. diversity/variety/breed/species多种多样的breed：[n]品种，[v]繁殖，培养，引起，造成64.dialect方言accent腔调65. begin/launch/initial 开始的，初步的(-ly) [v]首字母,开始的initiate开始,发动initiative原创性= origin66. poor / in poverty / impoverished（被剥夺财产的）贫穷67. eminence (-t)/prominence (-t)/unusual杰出68.gene/genetic defect ~缺陷anatomy解剖conceive构思，怀孕deliver分娩69. alternative 辅助性therapist补充性70. deduce->deductive/inferential induce 演绎,推理，引导，引入，归纳 induction 归纳71. bewildering/puzzling/perplexing令人困惑的72.apply紧靠，涂，将…应用于，适用，专心致力于，献身于73.subsidize辅助subsidy 补助，补贴subsidiary74.a factor in sth/depend on sth75.be preferred by/choice76.attitude to/how77.the present century/modern society78.broad/great79.in term of 按照，在…方面，关于with regard to, in spite of 不顾，尽管80. small-scale 小范围marginal 边缘处的81. physical/medical82. negotiation/agreement 谈判，洽谈/商定，协议83.evolve/develop84.apartment/accommodation 公寓/住房85.virtual (love)/simulate 模拟的（网恋）/模拟86.catastrophe/disaster 大灾难/灾难，不幸87.innovate/invent 革新，创新/发明，创造sculpture/craft 雕刻，雕塑/工艺88.exorbitant/expensive 过度的，极高的/费用大的，昂贵的89. be participant in/take part in /participate inbour [美，澳]/work91.attend to/take care of92.dualemployment/dual-worker 双职工（家庭）93.indicate/predict 指示，表明，象征/预料，预言A major contributor to/be central to 来源，起点/是…的主要，中心原因94.expert/therapist 专家，能手；知识丰富的/某个专科的专家95.lead to/be associated with 相联系（带来…的好处）96.balanced/equitable 平等的97.handicap/disabled/primitive残疾的，落后的98. could not-and cannot/has always been unable toby/from99.benefit/advantage100.substantial influence/greater likelihood101.agree on/define102.considered desirable/effectiveness103.masquerade/(in) disguise 伪装104.insignificant/didn’t seriously 不重要/不严重的105.inspect/examine审核,检查106．caliber/criterion 标准107．no-one know >< notorious 无人知晓><臭名昭着的108．dissatisfy/argue 不满意/厌恶，讨厌109.pessimism/negative/blue>< optimistic 悲观的，忧郁的>< 乐观的110.unsatisfactory/hardly be looked upon111.identify/define112.turn… into/become113.urban/rural/suburban114.demolish/knock down/dismantle毁坏，拆毁（建筑物）/敲，打115.migration/move 迁移/移动116.pay/charge sb for 向某人…猛攻，充电，负责，付费，控诉117.separate/split 分开，使隔绝，提取/分，劈开118.fascination/attraction(-e:[v]) 迷住，吸引住119.not require/unnecessary 不需要/不必要120.decode/decipher 译解（密码），解释121.delay/drawback= disadvantage 耽误，延迟/欠缺，弊端122.association/organization 机构，关联/组织123.recent/current/nowadays/present 最近的/现代的/当今的/现在124.intensive burst/explosive release 强烈的爆发/爆炸性的释放125.recognized/identified 承认，识别，认可/识别，鉴别126.aim to/focus on 针对，目标，打算/集中127.link…to/lead to 连接/导致，通向128. inadequate(diet)/deficiency(in trace minerals) 不充分，不适当的/缺乏，不足129.basic/fundamental 基础的，基本的130.seize/catch 捕捉，抓住131.fatal/lethal 致命的132.success on/running on 成功133.costly/be related by 有关系的134.be obtained in/be derived in 获得，流行，通用/由…产生，起源于135.high-income/wealthy 高收入的/富裕的136.be alike/be similar to 相同的，相似的137.indicate/show 显示，指出，象征138. eliminate/lessen ><消除/减少139. not risen significantly/stagnate 停滞不前的140.salary/wage 工资：总称/蓝领的141.create/gain 创造，造成/获得，增加efficiently/increased productivity 有效率的/上升的生产率142.economy/financial 经济143.administration/management144.(be) sympathetic/understand 同情的，赞同/理解145.introduce/involve 引入/卷入146.change/different147.die>< exist 死亡><存在148.almost/approximately149.be out of date/be developed150.solve/reduce 减少151.famous/eminent152.barrier/ hurdle153.higher position/top post。
雅思阅读常见同义词替换
雅思阅读常见同义词替换1.媒体，宣传media/media coverage/publicity/newspaper/TV/press2.观点，看法perspective/idea/opinion/view/viewpoint/conception/outlook3.理解，感知understand/perceive/comprehend/recognize/identify/figure out/come up with4.错误的观点misconception/mistaken view5.改变change/alter/modify6.调查，试验，研究study/experiment/survey/research/investigate/test7.最常见的most frequent/commonest8.重要性importance/significance9.保护，挽救protect/conserve/preserve10.不寻常的uncommon/unusual11.惊人的，出乎意料的unexpected/surprising/take back/unpredictable/without warning12.理由，原因，因素cause/reason/explanation/factor/element13.栖息地，家园，居所home/shelter/dwelling/habitat14.可能的影响或后果implication/possible result/potential/influence15.影响affect/influence/impact/effect/impinge…on16.交配，求偶mating/courtship17.连接，涉及link…to/involve…with/associate…with18.极佳的exceptional/keen/excellent/extraordinary19.吃，营养feed/eat/diet/nutrition20.代表，体现，意味represent/stand for/mean/signify21.明显的evident/obvious/clear/self-evident/apparent/transparent22.总结conclude/draw from/summarize/generalize23.濒危，灭绝，消灭endanger/die out/extinction/disappear24.导致lead to/result in/cause/contribute to/foster/trigger25.因为，源于because/as/since/because of/result from/stem from/root from/originate from/gain from/in that/due to/thanks to26.反对，拒绝refuse/object/against/turn down27.升高，增加rise/increase/shoot up/rocket/grow/accrue28.下降，减少decrease/fall/dip/decay/decline/dive/bring down/curtail/drop/beat a retreat29.不愿意的unwilling/loath/reluctant30.包含，包括include/contain/comprise/be made up of/cover/involve/encompass31.长期的long-term/long-standing/long-range32.联系，关系relationship/connection/link/associate…with/combine…with33.危害，负面影响danger/hazard/harm/negative effect34.种类，物种class/species/type/kind/variety35.成人adult/adulthood/grown-up/in later life36.增强build up/develop/consolidate/strengthen37.物质，物体material/object/substance38.过程，步骤stage/phase/process/procedure/step39.趋势tread/tendency40.重要的vital/important/paramount/crucial/critical/key/core41.特点feature/characteristic/hallmark/character42.制作，产生make/produce/manufacture/generate/engender43.身体语言body language/gesture/non-verbal language44.社会背景social class/social situation/social background/social status45.客观的，公正的just/objective/unbiased/impartial46.依靠，取决于depend on/rely on47.在…之前before/prior…to48.比赛event/game/competition49.有才能的talent/gifted/excellent50.显著的，好的extraordinary/significant/remarkable51.目前的，现在的current/present/simultaneous52.方法，通道way/method/approach/access/key53.基础的basic/fundamental/underlying未发育的rudimentary退化degenerate/underdevelop/degrade54.解读，定义explain/define55.难的，要求高的difficult/hard/demanding56.问题，失败problem/failure57.优点strength/advantage/benefit/shining point/positive aspect58.分配allocate/apportion/distribute59.有必要的necessary/indispensable60.能够做be able to/ be in a position to61.执行，行驶conduct/do/exercise/perform/play62.责任duty/obligation/responsibility63.国家state/nation/country64.当局，权威部门official/government/authority65.老人the old/the elderly/aging/the graying66.人口变化population change/demographic change67.集中，关注于focus on/concentrate on/handle/deal with/center on68.要求ask/demand/require/request69.被认为be thought/be regarded/be considered70.雇佣take on/hire/employ71.完全地totally/completely/entirely/completely/thoroughly/fully72.帮助help/aid/support73.喜欢like/be fond of/favor74.告知，指导tell/instruct/inform75.悲观的sad/pessimistic/negative76.减缓slow down/restrict/limit77.加速speed up/accelerate78.挨饿hungry/starve/famine79.领域area/field/domain/aspect80.类似的，像…一样like/similar as/resemble81.重新铸造remould/reshape82.进步advance/progress/improvement83.拿走，移开take away/extract/remove84.原理，机制principle/mechanism/theory85.目的aim/goal/purpose86.显示，表明show/indicate/suggest/betray/uncover/demonstrate87.迅速的fast/quick/rapid88.激活active/activity/activate/spring to life/flourish89.回应react…to/reply/respond to90.取代replace/supersede/substitute/overtake91.主导的，主要的leading/dominant/prominent/major/key/main92.压制suppress/limit/restrict\93.结果result/consequence/outcome94.不足的insufficient/inadequate/not enough95.设计design/devise96.冲刷wash away/scour away/flush out97.充满be filled with/be laden with98.扰乱，破坏upset/disturb/destroy/ruin/damage/undermine99.同意agree/consent/concur100.此弱的weak/fragile/vulnerable101.困难difficulty/dilemma/hardship102.保证，确保ensure/assure/guarantee103.执行，操作conduct/operate/administer104.稀少的rare/few and far between/uncommon/unusual 105.力量power/strength/endurance/106.建议suggest/advise/recommend107.检查inspect/check/examine/screen/scrutinize108.监督monitor/supervise/administer109.破碎break/shatter110.提到，应用refer to/a reference to/mention111.使用use/utilize/employ112.障碍obstacle/barrier113.无关irrelevant/unrelated to114.匹配，跟上match/keep pace with/follow115.否认，驳斥deny/refute116.自立，自理self-reliance/self-independence117.保持maintain/keep/hold118.寿命life span/life expectancy119.道德的moral/ethical120.巨大的tremendous/huge/spectacular121.夜间生活的night/nocturnal122.凑合活着，艰辛地活着make a hard life/scrape a life123.四肢arm/leg/limb124.开始at the beginning/at the outset/initially125.转换shift/transform126.产量output/productivity127.基本结构basic construction/infrastructure128.承认admit/acknowledge129.倒塌fall/collapse130.减半half/decline by 50%131.阻止keep from/prevent from/keep from132.复杂的，高级的sophisticated/advanced/intricate/perfect/133.胜过，超过outperform/outstrip134.详尽的detailed/specific/elaborate135．缺点，不足flaw/shortcoming/disadvantage/defect/weakness/downside/limitation/drawback/darkside。
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resemble
Like,look like,be similar to
recognize
Perceive,acknowledge,realize,appreciate,admit,identi
fy,comprehend,understand,know
adjust
Change,modify,shift,alter
criteria
standard
curriculum
Syllabus, course of study
feasible
Realistic, viable
constrain
Stop, control
deficiency
Shortage, defect, weakness
supplement
provision
signal
Symbol, mark, sign
abandon
Quit, give up, forsake, derelict
halt
Stop, quit
fragile
vulnerable
retain
elivery
send
erode
Rust, damage
induce
Cause, lead to
stable
Constant, unchanged
integrate
Combine, whole
equal
Fair, even
grant
offer
accumulate
gather
addictive
habit
adversity
trouble
aggression
attack
exploit
use
extend
expand
extract
quotation
famine
hunger
finite
limited
fitness
health
foe
enemy
format
structure
fragment
piece
freeze
chill
fulfill
execute
gene
factor
gifted
elaborate
illustrate
elderly
aged
eliminate
dispose
elusive
hard
encyclopaedia
Entire range of knowledge
entrepreneur
boss
equator
geography
erratically
unpredictably
Compelling, necessary, urgent
secrete
Discharge, exude
exaggerate
overstate
transmit
Pass, send, transfer
extinct
Die out, lost
exclusive
only
guarantee
assure
inherit
Be subject to
Face
Be liable to
potential
innate
Built-in, inborn
pattern
formation
therapy
treatment
original
Initial, first
confidential
Undisclosed, secret, hidden
coin
First used, invent
artificial
Synthetic, man-made
prompt
Initiate, immediately
exchange
Share, apply A to B
underlie
Based on, ground, root
ignore
Neglect, overlook, underestimate
inaccurate
incorrect
inactive
passive
inappropriate
hard
indulge
spoil
infest
plague
installment
Payment on its completion
intelligence
mind
intense
strong
interaction
distinguish
Separate, differentiate
analyze
Examine, diagnose
emphasize
Focus on, stress
enormous
Massive, large
imitate
Mimic, copy
impair
Damage, diminish, decrease
demographic
Population, statistic
dental
teeth
depression
frustration
designate
appoint
detain
hold
devastate
wreck
disclose
expose
disparate
different
display
show
disrupt
cater
serve
certify
verify
civic
municipal
comment
remark
commitment
engagement
communal
public
commute
travel
compare
contrast
conceal
hide
concentrate
focus
concur
agree
destroy
distract
divert
distribute
spread
documentation
record
domain
field
dominant
overbearing
dramatic
striking
drought
dry
durable
lasting
Eco-friendly
Environmental-friendly
confer
grant
conflict
Unharmonious
confuse
puzzle
conservative
traditional
considerable
significant
contingent
uncertain
controversial
disputable
correlation
link
courtship
surrounding
Setting, environment
attempt
Try, test
expertise
Knowledge, skill
faculty
ability
donate
contribute
dynamics
Energy, force, move
incentive
Motive, stimulus
agreeable
pleasant
aid
help
allergic
irritate
altitude
height
application
utilization
approve
agree
array
order
assign
allocate
association
union
attitude
opinion
authority
Thanks to
Because of, due to, owing to, on account of, as a
result of, derive, stem from
diversity
Variety, difference
detect
Find, look for, seek, search
isolate
receive
witness
View, see
magnetic
attractive
loss
Waste, gone
option
choice
Prefer to
rather
priority
Preference, preferential
primary
Principal, main
principle
rule
talented
graphic
picture
habitat
residence
harbor
hold
hardship
difficult
harsh
rough
hypothesis
assumption
impact
influence
impressive
touching
In accordance with
conform
established
built
estate