自考外贸英语写作复习重点笔记
英语本科自考【复习资料】05844国际商务英语(复习要点)
International Business EnglishLesson 1International Business/国际商务Business Knowledge:The major differences between international business and domestic businessA.Differences in legal systems 法律体系B.Differences in currencies 货币C.Differences in cultural backgroundD.Different in natural and economic conditionsThe major types of international businessA. Trademodity trade 商品贸易b.Service tradeB. Investmenta.Foreign direct investmentb.Portfolio investment 证券投资C. Other typesa.Licensing and franchising 许可经营和特许经营b.Management contract and contract manufacturing 管理合同和承包生产c.Turnkey project and BOTTrade Terms:1.Customs area关税区:2.Conversion货币兑换3.Visible trade有形贸易: The form of commodity trade, i.e. exporting and importing goodsproduced or manufactured in one country for consumption or resale in another. (including cash transaction-by means of money and market, and counter trade)4.Invisible trade无形贸易: The form of transportation, communication, banking, insurance,consulting, information etc. is called invisible trade or service industries.5.FDI外国直接投资: Foreign direct investments. Returns through controlling the enterprises orassets invested in a host country. / P.256. One country acquires assets in a foreign country for the purpose of controlling and managing them.6.Portfolio investment证券投资: Purchases of foreign financial assets for a purpose other thancontrolling.7.Stocks股票: Capital stocks or bonds.8.Bonds债券: The papers issued by a government or a firm with promise to pay back the moneylent or invested together with interest.9.Maturity（票据等）到期10.Certificate of deposit大额存单11.Licensing许可经营: In licensing, a firm leases the right to use its intellectual property to a firm inanother country. They choose licensing because they do not have to make cash payments to stat business, and can simply receive income in the form of royalty（许可费）.12.Franchising特许经营: Under franchising, franchisee is allowed to operate in the name of another,franchiser who provides the former with trademarks, brand names, logos and operating techniques for royalty.13.Trade Mark商标14.Patent专利15.Royalty专利（许可）使用费，版税16.Copyright版权17.Licenser许可方18.Licensee被许可方19.Franchiser特许方: A firm who provides the franchisee with trademarks, brand names, logos andoperating techniques for royalty.20.Franchisee被特许方: A firm is allowed to operate in the name of another.21.Management contract管理合同: Under a management contract, one company offers managerialor other specialized services to another within a particular period for a flat payment or a percentage of the relevant business volume.22.Value chain价值链23.Turnkey project“交钥匙”工程: For an international turnkey project, a firm signs a contract with aforeign purchaser and undertakes all the designing, contracting and facility equipping before handing it over to the latter upon completion.24.BOT建设、经营和移交: Build, Operate, Transfer25.Expertise专门知识26.Bonus红利、奖金、津贴27.Royalty 许可使用费28.International investment国际投资: Supplying capital by residents of one country to another.29.Contract manufacturing承包生产30.GATT关贸总协定: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade31.International business国际商务: Transaction between parties from different countries.Sometimes business across the borders of different customs areas of the same country is also regarded as import and export.32.Intellectual property知识产权33.Oil deposit: 石油储备= oil reserves34.the reserves of natural resources 自然资源储备35.Personal advancement个人的晋升，个人素质的提高以及个人事业的进步等。
英语作文重要知识点总结
英语作文重要知识点总结Important Knowledge Points for Writing English Compositions。
Writing English compositions is an essential skill that students need to master. It not only helps improve their language proficiency but also enhances their ability to express their thoughts and ideas clearly and effectively. However, writing in English can be challenging, especially for non-native speakers. In this article, we will discuss some important knowledge points that students should keepin mind when writing English compositions.1. Grammar and Vocabulary。
Grammar and vocabulary are the backbone of any language, and English is no exception. A good command of grammar and an extensive vocabulary will help students to express their ideas more accurately and precisely. Therefore, it is essential to learn the rules of English grammar and toexpand one's vocabulary through reading, listening, and speaking.2. Sentence Structure。
英语作文要点笔记
英语作文要点笔记Writing an effective English essay requires careful planning and execution. The key elements to consider are the topic, the thesis statement, the organization and structure, the use of supporting evidence, and the clarity of expression. By mastering these aspects, you can produce a well-crafted essay that effectively communicates your ideas to the reader.The first step in writing an English essay is to choose a topic that is engaging and relevant. This may be a topic that you are passionate about or one that is assigned to you. Regardless of the source, it is important to thoroughly research the topic and develop a deep understanding of the subject matter. This will allow you to formulate a strong thesis statement that clearly articulates the central argument or message of your essay.The thesis statement is the foundation of your essay and should be concise, specific, and debatable. It should present a clear position or claim that you will support throughout the essay. A well-crafted thesis statement will guide the structure and organization of youressay, ensuring that all of your supporting evidence and arguments are directly relevant to your central argument.Once you have established your thesis statement, you can begin to outline the structure of your essay. A typical essay structure includes an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion. The introduction should provide background information on the topic, present your thesis statement, and outline the main points that you will discuss in the body of the essay. The body paragraphs should each focus on a specific aspect of your argument, presenting evidence and analysisto support your claims. The conclusion should summarize your main points, restate your thesis, and leave the reader with a lasting impression.One of the most important aspects of writing an effective English essay is the use of supporting evidence. This can take the form of quotes, statistics, examples, or other forms of data that lend credibility to your arguments. It is important to carefully select and integrate this evidence into your essay, using it to support your claims and strengthen your overall argument. Additionally, you should be sure to properly cite any sources that you use, following the appropriate citation style (e.g., MLA, APA, Chicago).Another key element of effective essay writing is clarity of expression. This means using clear, concise language that is easy for the readerto understand. Avoid using overly complex or technical language, and be sure to explain any unfamiliar terms or concepts. Additionally, pay close attention to the organization and flow of your essay, ensuring that each paragraph and section seamlessly transitions to the next.One common mistake that many students make when writing an English essay is failing to proofread and edit their work. It is important to carefully review your essay for any grammatical errors, spelling mistakes, or inconsistencies in your argument. Additionally, you may want to consider having a friend or classmate review your essay and provide feedback, as a fresh perspective can often identify areas for improvement.In conclusion, writing an effective English essay requires a combination of careful planning, attention to detail, and a commitment to clear and concise communication. By mastering the key elements of topic selection, thesis development, organization and structure, use of supporting evidence, and clarity of expression, you can produce an essay that effectively communicates your ideas and resonates with your reader. With practice and dedication, you can hone your essay writing skills and become a more confident and effective communicator.。
外贸英语写作自考题-1-1
外贸英语写作自考题-1-1(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、Part One(总题数：20，分数：20.00)1.The number of the people present, as we had expected, ______ very large.A. wasB. wereC. isD. are（分数：1.00）A. √B.C.D.解析：本题考查的知识点是动词与主语的一致。
如果忽略the number后而的定语和插入语，也许不难发现主语是the number，是单数，即答案应在A、C 之间，再根据had expected的提示就很容易判断答案了。
2.Three fourths of the research ______ next year.A. beginB. begunC. beganD. begins（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. √解析：本题考查的知识点是动词与主语一致。
整体中的一部分的词作主语时，如果这些词后面带有of，那要看of后面的名词或代词的单复数形式。
research是单数，且时间是将来的时间，一般现在时可以表示按规定、计划要发生的事。
3.______ was Goodyear, an American scientist, who invented that kind of robot.A. WhoB. HeC. ItD. This（分数：1.00）A.B.C. √D.解析：本题考查的知识点是强调句。
撇开an American scientist这一插入语，一下子就能看出题于是一个强调结构。
4.Obviously he didn't agree with two men ——______.A. Tom and IB. I and TomC. Tom and meD. Me and Tom（分数：1.00）A.B.C. √D.解析：本题考查的知识点是代词。
史上最全自考英语二复习笔记备考资料
一、历年习题按语法总结1. 动词――――谓语动词的时态和语态，非谓语动词，虚拟语气1. Lots of empty beer bottles were found under the young man‘s bed； he __________ heavily.A. must have drunkB. must drinkC. should drinkD. had to drink2. __________ home， she found that she had left the key at the office.A. To have arrivedB. To arriveC. While arrivingD. Arrivingdeciding __________ a course of action， the candidates tried to estimate its likely impact on the voters.A. what to pursueB. which to pursueC. whether to pursueD. if to pursue4. __________， they began to get down to business.A. The holidays are overB. The holidays were overC. The holidays being overD. The holidays had been over5. __________ nothing to say，the boy shied way from the crowd.A. HaveB. HavingC. HadD. Having being6. The young doctor could not sleep at night， the worsening condition of a patient __________ him.A. disturbingB. disturbedC. being disturbedD. to disturb7. Should she come tomorrow， I __________ take her to the museum.A. canB. willC. wouldD. mustwe __________ everything ready by now， we should be having a terrible time tomorrow.A. hadn‘t gotB. didn’t getC. wouldn‘t have gotD. wouldn’t get9. __________ for your help，I would not have over come the psychological pressures and tensions.A. Not beenB. Without beingC. Had it not beenD. Not having been‘t you rather your child __________ successful with his study and won the scholarship？A. becameB. becomeC. would becomeD. becomesneedn‘t __________ him about this since he could find out for himself.A. tellB. be tellingC. have toldD. have to tell12. If you ______ my advice， you wouldn‘t be in such trouble now.A. tookB. takesC. has takenD. had taken13. The meeting ______， we left the room quickly for dinner.A. overB. was overC. is overD. been over14. All the money ______， Frederick started looking for work.A. having spentB. has been spentC. having been spentD. had been spent15. ______ his talk when Mary ran out of the lecture hall.A. Hardly had be begunB. Hardly he had begunC. Hardly he has begunD. He hardly had begun16. Much of the carbon in the earth __________(come)from things that once lived.17. China is not what she __________(use)to be.18. In the past two decades， research __________(expand)our knowledge about sleep and dreams.19. Television ads __________ usually __________(repeat)over and over again.proverbs _______ (be)in the language for 1，000 years， for example， A friend in need is a friend indeed.nations that __________ actively __________ (involve)in earthquake prediction programs include Japan， China， Russia， and the United States.1991， after the Gulf War， Bush‘s approval rating reached 91 percent， the highest level recorded since polling __________(begin)in the 1930s.violence on television or reading about it in the newspapers every day __________ (make)us tolerate crime more than we should.the worries they might have felt for him __________ (drive) off by the sight of his cheerful face.did they realize that they __________(make)an important discovery in science.26. Some people think relations between people _____ (deteriorate) so much that understanding and friendship are almost impossible.27. Let‘s hurry up. She _____ (must， wait) for us.28. Nearly a week passed before the girl was able to explain what _____ (happen) to her.29. Many a writer of newspaper articles __________ (turn) to writing novels during the past decade.30. There __________ (estimate) to be more than 20， 000 overseas domestic servants working in Britain in 1995.31. So far， Irving __________ (live) in New York City for ten years.32. The patient __________ (send) to another hospital before we got there.33. Coffee delays the body clock in the morning， and __________ (advance) it at night.research __________ (make) all over the world in the past twenty years.was a mistake on my paycheck. I __________ (receive) 10more.second half of the nineteenth century __________ (witness) the first extendedtranslation into English of the writings of Eliphas Levi.37. Once harm __________ (do) to the environment， it takes years to have the system recovered.38. This project __________ (accomplish) by the end of 2006 will greatly improve the basic facility of the city.39. Investigations into the cause of the shipwreck show that the ship _________ (sink) the moment it hit the rock .40. If that sounds like far-fetched fantasy， consider these interesting findings that __________ (emerge) from eight years of sleep and dream research at the VA Hospital.41. A great number of the body‘s events __________ (schedule) to occur at a certain time of day.42. It is these messages that __________ (form) the basis of the child‘s self-esteem.43. With all this done，I __________ (free) from all troubles and responsibilities.you cannot understand，ask：“Would you mind __________(rephrase)the question， please？”45. Many preschool teachers do not like to have commercially make toy weapons __________ (bring) into the classroom.46. Robots， already taking over human tasks in the automotive field， arebeginning __________(see)in other industries as well.47. Let us consider the earth as a planet _________(revolve)round sun.man cannot be really happy if what he enjoys __________(do)is ignored by society as of no value or importance._________(want)to understand the industry of the future will have to know about robotics.is a well-know fact that a person will move in a circle when he cannot use his eyes ________(control)his direction.research techniques become more advanced， the number of animals ____(use)in experiments may decrease.， __________ (become) increasingly prevalent in factories and industrial plants throughout the developed world， are programmed and engineered to perform industrial tasks without human intervention.were often compelled __________ (work) twelve or fourteen hours a day.has been proved that their best ideas seem __________ (occur) when they were relaxing.body， with hands and feet __________ (bind)， was discovered by a traveler early in the morning.__________ (want) to live in the new century will have to know about the computer.has been proved that some people‘s best ideas seem __________ (occur) when they are relaxing and daydreaming.may have their passports __________ (remove)， making leaving or “escaping”actually impossible.poem， if __________ (translate) word for word into Chinese， will make no sense.， already taking over human tasks in the automotive field， are beginning __________ (see)， although to a lesser degree， in other industries as well.__________ (want) to understand the industry of the future will have to know about IT (information technology)。
自考外贸函电100组重点必考词汇
1、Insurance后接所投保的货物用0n；接投保的险别用against；接保险费或者保险费率用at；接保险公司或者机构用with；2、WIth particular Average水渍险3、espedite加快,促进,发出4、Sth.need doing/sth.need to be done需要做某事5、On the market可买到的，在出售的In the market for sth.有意购买某物6、Lie down躺下Lay down阐述，声明，规定7、Help sb.do sth./help sb.To do sth帮助某人干某事8、Few and far between稀少Rare罕见的，珍贵的9、Amend sth.to read...将...修改为...10、Do one’s utmost to do sth.尽某人的最大努力去做某事11、See one’s way to doing sth有能力并愿意做某事12、Entitle sb.to sth.给予某人获得某事物或做某事的权利，使某人有资格获得某事物或做某事13、Available by draft at sight凭即期汇票支付14、Put off推迟，使延期Put down镇压，写下Put in安装Put sth.Thtough顺利完成某事15、Turn down拒绝16、There is/have difficulty in doing sth.在做某事方面有困难17、Capacity生产量，生产能力At full capacity以全部力量，满负载18、Approach sb.to do sth.让某人做某事19、Unless otherwise stated除非另有声明或约定20、See one’s way to doing sth.有能力并愿意做某事21、On presentation of sth.出示......，拿出.....22、Stand the competition经得起竞争23、Be confident that+从句，表确信24、Happen to碰巧...25、Be able to do sth.能够做某事Be capable of+动词的ing形式26、In due course=duly在适当的时候，及时地27、Expire期满，到期adhere to遵守，信守，坚持28、Pay付款，支付guarantee保证，担保29、Provide提供，供应Provide sth.for sb.Provide sb.With sth.30、Allow给予（钱或时间）Allow sb.Sth.给予某人某物Allow sb.a discount给某人....折扣31、Inform sb.Of sth.告知某人某事32、Commission佣金consignment发送的货物Committee委员会signature签名，签字33、At one’s request/at the request of sb.应某人的请求34、Approach sb.to do sth.让某人做某事35、It+be+被强调的部分+that+原句剩余的部分36、Place an order with sb.向某人下订单37、On presentation of sth.表示出示...，拿出...38、Lower by降低39、Transit运输transmit传输，传播40、Pass on将某物转嫁给某人Transfer sth.to sb.将某物（特别是责任、权力等）转让给某人41、Capacity生产量，生产能力All full capacity以全部力量，满负载42、There is/have difficulty in doing在做某事方面有困难43、Accuse sb.Of doing sth.指责某人干了某事44、Claim for索赔的原因或索赔的金额Claim on对某批货物索赔Claim against向某人索赔45、Faifure to do sth.忽略，不履行，没做到46、Attribute to...归因于47、Prevent sb.（from）doing sth.阻止某人干某事48、Sth.Need doing/sth.need to be done需要做某事49、On the market可买到的，在出售的In the market for sth.有意购买某物50、As last最后51、Help sb.do sth./help sb.to do sth.帮助某人干某事52、Postpone使延期，推迟detain耽搁，延误Block障碍delay延误，推迟53、Press sb.for sth.催促某人做某事54、Be short of supply供应短缺55、Be aware of sth./be aware that+句子意识到56、Went without没有，放弃，缺少57、Succeed in doing sth.在...方面取得成功58、Under the circumstance在这种情况（情形）下59、Have no ways/choice but to do sth.别无选择，只有.....60、Increase提高，增加，一般指数量Enlarge使某物扩大，放大Expand扩大（尺码、数量、体积、程度等）Extend某物的延长或时间的延展61、In terms of就....而论，在.....方面62、Find sth./sb.+adj.发现或感觉某事物/某人......63、Because of由于，因为In spite of尽管，虽然Replace sth.取代某物Instead of代替，而不是...64、Fall into sth.某事物可分为.......；养成（习惯）Fall under列入某项下Fall in倒塌Fall to doing sth.开始做某事65、So as to do sth.为了做某事66、Acquaint sb.With sth.使某人熟悉某事物67、For export为了出口68、The service after selling售后服务69、In compliance with依从.....按照.....70、In confident that+从句确信....71、Confidential机密的72、Handle/deal with/trade in/be in the line of经营（某种或某类商品）73、Assure sb.Of sth.向某人保证某事74、Agree with sth.与某事物相符合，相一致Agree to sth.赞成或答应某事75、In due course=duly在适当的时候，及时地76、Subject to...以....为准，以.....为条件77、Hear from sb.收到某人的信78、Within this period在这段时期以内79、Credit standing资信状况80、Stand the competition经得起竞争81、Happen to...碰巧....82、Enjoy priority in...在....方面享有优先权Take priority in...在....中占优先地位Give priority to....给....以优先权，优先考虑83、Be agreeable to sth.与....相符的84、At one's request应....的要求On request一经要求就....85、Be valid（open/good/firm）for+时间段有效期为.....86、Expire期满，到期87、Offer for某货的报盘88、On schedule按时，如期89、At seller’s option由买方选择90、In the market for sth.想要购买某物91、In need of sth.需要...92、Ahead of schedule提前Behind scheedule迟于预定时间On schedule按期，如期93、Break down失灵，失控；停止运转；抛锚94、Faifure to do sth.忽略，不履行，没做到95、In one’s opinion/in the opinion of sb.在某人看来......96、Accuse sb.Of doing sth.指责某人干了某事97、Damage to sth.......的损失、损害、损毁98、As regards关于，至于，提到99、In superior to sb./sth.优于某人某物100、In transit在运输途中。
自考外贸英语专业高级英语重点
填空上册1.Apparently he speaks for a lot of his contemporaries ．During the last few years，I have listened to scores of young people，in college and out， who were just as nervous about the grown-up world ．Roughly, their attitude might be summed up about like this : "the world is in pretty much of a mess , full of injustice, poverty, and war. The people responsible are, presumably, the adults who have been running things . If they can't do better than that, what have they got to teach our generation? That kind of lesson we can do without ."2. But women predominate in the lower-paying, menial, unrewarding, dead-end jobs , and when they do reach better positions, they are invariably paid less than a man for the same job.3. She appealed to me because she was like people I had never met personally .4. Consider the casual assumptions that television tends to cultivate : that complexity must be avoided, that visual stimulation is a substitute for thought, that verbal precision is an anachronism .5. Chavel was filled with a huge and shameful joy . It seemed to him that already he was saved--twenty-nine men to draw and only two marked papers left. The chances had suddenly grown in his favor from ten to one to--fourteen to one: the greengrocer had drawn a slip and indicated carelessly and without pleasure that he was safe. Indeed from the first draw any mark of pleasure was taboo: one couldn't mock the condemned man by any sign of relief .6. Between the ages of about seventeen and twenty-four I tried to abandon this idea, but I did so with the consciousness that I was outraging my true nature and that sooner or later I should have to settle down and write books.7. I had the lonely child's habit of making up stories and holding conversations with imaginary persons, and I think from the very start my literary ambitions were mixed up with the feeling of being isolated and undervalued.8. We saw first hand the money--your taxes--squandered by a corrupt dictatorial regime. We saw that Agnew had a one-sided idea of who was kept free by the flag, as blacks provided the highest percentage of casualties.9. We demand justice for the body as well as for the soul. Hence, among other things , the fortunes made by face-cream manufacturers and beauty-specialists, by the vendors of rubber reducing belt s and massage machines, by the patentees of hair-lotions and the authors of books on the culture of the abdomen.下册10. Most of the information we use now is obtained free from trade associations and some governmental organizations, and there is no way of knowing anymore whether the information on which we base our own information for distribution is true or false.11. Now, very often, television coverage of news is superficial and inadequate. Very often the picture takes precedence over the point . But by and large the news reports and commentaries on CBS and NBC and ABC make every effort to present viewers with more than one aspect of an issue, either by letting opposing spokesmen have their say, or by outlining the positions held by both major parties on the subject involved .12.It has been estimated that at least 30 per cent of the elderly live in substandardhousing. Many more must deprive themselves of essentials to keep their homes in repair.13. That thought is worthy of genuine scientific investigation. It is merely a hypothesis, so far, and my own. But people have been eating according to flavor for upwards of a billion years. The need to satisfy the sense of taste may be innate and important. When food has the flavor of library paste, it may be the instinct of mankind to go on eating in the unconscious hope of finally satisfying the frustrated taste buds. In the days when good-tasting food was the rule in the American home, obesity wasn't such a national curse .14. It never occurred to me at the time what I was doing. I thought of it only as being practical. It was important to me to do well in college. Community identity was secondary, if a consideration at all . Somehow, the Watts things interfered with my new college life. Moreover, Negro college youth during those undergraduate years had none of its present mood. Its theme was campus involvement . Good grades, athletics, popularity these were the things that mattered. The word "ghetto" had not even entered the lexicon of race relations . Students were not conscious of the ghetto as a separate phenomenon. Civil rights in the Southern sense, was academically fashionable. But the ghetto of the North was not. The concern for the ghetto was still in the future.15. It must instead find the unique value that it alone can deliver to a chosen market. We have identified three distinct value disciplines , so called because each discipline produces a different kind of customer value. Choosing one discipline to master does not mean that a company abandons the other two, only that it picks a dimension of value on which to stake its market reputation over the long term .16. It is not altogether easy to decide what is the root cause of the love of excitement. I incline to think that our mental make-up is adapted to the stage when men lived by hunting .17. Another solitary man was fishing further along the canal, but Arthur knew that they would leave each other in peace, would not even call out greetings .18. He was an only child, eleven years old. She was a widow. She was determined to be neither possessive nor lacking in devotion . She went worrying off to her beach.19.But man differs from other animals in one very important respect, and that is that he has desires which are, so to speak, infinite, which can never be fully gratified, and which would keep him restless even in Paradise.翻译上册1. Most of the older viewers frowned, while most of the younger viewers applauded.多数年纪大的观众眉头紧皱，而多数年轻观众则报以掌声。
自考“英汉翻译教程”复习笔记（11）
自考“英汉翻译教程”复习笔记（11）自考“英汉翻译教程”复习笔记（11）20. 外汇帐户，外汇管理条例，Foreign exchange transactions. Regulations on foreign exchange control.21. 合营企业所需原材料，燃料，配套件等，应尽先在中国购买，也可由合营企业界自筹外汇，直接在国际市场上购买。
In its purchase of required raw and processed materials. Fuels，auxiliary equipment，etc. an equity joint ventures should first give priority to purchases in China. It may also make such purchases directly on the world market with foreign exchange raised by itself.22. 外籍职工，个人所得税，不可抗力，全国人民代表大会Foreign employee. Individual income tax. Force majeure. National People‘s Congress.UNIT 10 SPEECHES1. distinguished guests. On behalf of. Incomparable hospitality.诸位贵宾。
谨代表。
盛情款待。
2. Never have I heard American music played better in a foreign land.我在外国从来没有听到过演奏得这么好的美国音乐。
3. gracious and eloquent remarks. Common ground. At the outset. Common interests.盛情和雄辩的讲话。
自考英语二考点归纳总结
自考英语二考点归纳总结自考英语二是对学生英语能力的综合测试，涵盖了词汇、语法、阅读理解、写作等方面。
在备考过程中，对于各个考点的归纳总结是非常重要的。
本文将对自考英语二的主要考点进行梳理和总结，以便考生有针对性地进行复习和练习。
一、词汇考点1. 同义词辨析在自考英语二的词汇部分，同义词辨析是一个非常重要的考点。
常见的同义词辨析包括动词、形容词、副词等各种词性的同义词。
考生需要通过大量的练习，掌握这些同义词的用法和区别。
2. 动词短语自考英语二中，动词短语也是一个比较重要的考点。
常见的动词短语包括短语动词、动词+介词短语等。
在备考中，考生需要多积累和记忆这些常用的动词短语，以便在考试中准确运用。
3. 词义辨析词义辨析在自考英语二中占据了很大的比重。
考生需要对一些常见的词义进行辨析，例如不同词性的同一词汇的不同意思，以及一词多义的情况等。
只有通过大量的练习和积累，考生才能够在考试中准确选择正确的词义。
二、语法考点1. 时态和语态时态和语态在自考英语二的语法部分是重点考点。
考生需要熟练掌握各种时态和语态的形式、用法和变化规律。
只有通过反复的练习，考生才能够在考试中准确完成相关的语法题目。
2. 从句和连接词从句和连接词也是一个重要的考点。
考生需要掌握主从复合句的构成和用法，同时了解各种连接词的作用和区别。
通过大量的语法练习，考生可以提高对于从句和连接词的理解和应用能力。
3. 介词和冠词介词和冠词是自考英语二语法部分中的基础考点。
考生需要认真学习和掌握各种介词和冠词的用法，特别是一些容易混淆的介词和冠词。
只有通过大量的练习和积累，考生才能够熟练运用这些介词和冠词。
三、阅读理解考点1. 主旨大意题主旨大意题是自考英语二阅读理解部分的重点考点。
在解答这类题目时，考生需要通过细读文章，抓住文章的中心思想，并对选项进行辨析。
通过训练和实践，考生可以提高在主旨大意题上的解题能力。
2. 细节题细节题也是自考英语二阅读理解部分的考点之一。
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第一讲词（words）-）名词特殊用法1、集体名词*（1）作为整体使用时，集体名词视为单数，谓语动词相应用单数：tcanb army> audience♦ class, club, committee> company> crowd, couple, family, group> staff, government,union（2）强调个体成员时，集体名词视为复数，谓语动词相应用复数。
2、不可数名词:物质名词（paper, water, bread, milk）,抽象名词（happiness, quality, information）,专有名词（人名，地名，时间名，报刊名）。
（1）普通无单/复数形式，前而不用加a/an,谓语动词用单数。
如knowledge 知识，information 信息，furniture 家具，equipment 设备，advice 建议。
（2）但是特定状况下也可作可数名词使用，但意义发生变化：①当抽象名词先后有修饰语表达“某一种'或"某-方而”概念时，其前可加a/an o A refrigerator is a luxury here.②物质名词用于表达"各种不同品种'‘时»转化成可数名词。
This is a store selling many different teas.③某些物质名词或抽象名词用作复数时，词义往往起变化。
Paper（纸） a paper （报纸，文献，论文）power（权利，电力）——a power （大国，强国）Experiencc（经验）.一^ xperiences （各种经历）beauty（美丽）-- a beauty （美女）3、复数形式*（1）合成名词复数形式①以不可数名词结尾时，无复数形式，如homework, moonlighto②以可数名词结尾时，遵循结尾可数名词变化规则。
③“可数名词+介词（短语）”时，在中心名词后加-S ,如mothers-in-law 岳母,editors in chief 总编辑,bojird of directors 董事会。
④“动词/动词Yd形式+副词"时，在词尾加-s,女0 grown-ups成人，trade-ins折扣物，show-offs炫耀匚⑤“动词-ing形式+副词"时，在动词・ing形式后加如comings-in收入。
⑥含man或woman合成乳词变复数时，先后两个乞词均需变为复数，如woman teacher—women teachers 女教师，man cook—men cooks 男厨师°（2）缩略词复数形式①多数缩略词后直接加-s,特别是由大?了字“构成，如CPA-CPAs （certified public accountant 注册会计师）;IOU-IOUs （I owe you 欠条）②由小?孑字母构成并在每个字母后带在!匸后加・s或・'s,如c.o£s或c.o.d/s （cash on delivery）交货付款只在最后一种字母后带在前加-s,如gals, （gallon加仑）③表达度量衡单位，往往不加-s,如in. （inch英寸）,nil. （mile英里），oz.（ounce盎司）④有单/复数都可作为复数形式,如lb.或lbs. （pound磅），yd或yds （码）（3）数字、符号、单个字母复数形式①数字、符号、单个字母变为复数形式时，在其后加・s或-'So 1950—1950's或1950s②J〔她词类名词化后充 '勺名词使用时，其复数形式加-s或-es。
Pros and cons优缺陷：yeses and noeso二）动词特殊用法1、特姝系动词★（1）系动词+形容词/介词短语，形成S+V+C （主语+动词+主补或表语）句式，用来描述主语特性或状况（2）系动词除be以外，简朴归为几类：①表达"感官、好像"动词,如：feel感觉，smell闻,appear看起来,seem似乎②表达"变化、成为"动词，如：become成为，（urn转变成为，come变成，grow变成③表达"保持某-状态”动词，如：keep保持，remain保持，stay坚持，stand维持不变,continue继续（3）有些动词也可用作行为动词（如grow）,必要用副词来修饰它们注意：••系动诃+形容皿 X厂为动诃+花」厂（行为动词=实义动词）2、动词与主语一致*（1）主语是单数时时动词必要是单数形式：上语是复数时动词必要是复数形式。
（2）作主语词（含单数名词/代词等）或短语（分词/不定式等）由and连接时，谓语动词用复数形式。
（3）由and连接名词短语指同-人或物时，并列主语作为整体考虑，谓语动词用单-数形式。
（4）作主语词或短语由or, nor, either...or,或neither...nor连接时，就近原则。
（5）作主语乳词前带each或every时，谓语动词用单数形式。
★（6）主语为“有乳词（事件/国名/机构需称/书/作品爼称）、数彊词作为整体或短语（不左式短语/分词短语/名词从句）时，谓语动词用单数形式。
(7)当主语为none, half, some和one fourth等爼词时，视详细状况决左单数或复数。
①单独使用时，谓语动词普通用单数②背面带有of时，要看of背面名词或代词(none of, half of, some of, one fourth of)用法相似其她短语有：ninety percent of, part of, most of, all of ,a lot of 等3、动词其她特殊形式(1)动词不泄式：to+动词原形可用作n./adj./adv.，起主语/宾语/表语/定语/状语作用。
(2)分词★:当前分词v-ing.过去分词v-cd充当定语/状语/表语/宾补。
有动词特性，可有时态/语态，可带状语/宾语，可起形容词/副词作用。
①当前分词：语态上表达积极：时间上表达正在进行，与主句动作几乎同步发生。
②过去分词：语态上表达彼动：时间上表达动作完毕，过去分词动作早于主句动作发生。
(3)动划词★: ®v-ing兼有动词和名词特性，句子中起名词作用，充当主语/主补(表语)/宾语。
②某些动词后宾语只能是动名词。
例如：avoid避免,enjoy亨有，mind在乎，finish完毕，resist反抗,appreciate 感谢/赏识‘imagine 想象，suggest 建议，advice 劝告等③在固定构造中动名词。
例如：be worth doing…值得做,have difficulty in doing…在做方而有困难,it beno good/no use/useless doing…做是没有用,there be no need/no point doing...没有必要做,how/what aboutdoing…做怎么样等④动名词和当前分词：动名词用在应使用动词却因语法限制无法使用地方，多作主语、动词&介词宾语。
当前分词表达英逻辑主语随着状态，多作状语、泄语。
动需词应注意与其搭配动词和固泄构造：当前分词应注意其时态和语态变化。
注意：①不立式/分词/动名词都是非谓语动词，不能作谓语动词使用。
②使用时，须注意它们与逻辑主语一致关系。
不左式/分词作状语时，逻辑主语是句子主语，即：主语必要是不泄式和分词动作执行者。
不左式/分词作定语时，逻借主语是所修饰词。
三)修饰词1、形容词与副词混淆(1)都可以用在动词背面,但系动词背而跟形容词,行为动词背而跟副词。
(2)有时一种副词有两个形式，如slow, slowly, deep, deeply, direct, directly, close, closely 等。
前者多表达详细意义，使用比较随便，不太规范；后者则多表达抽象或引申意义，属于正式、规范用法。
2、比较级和最高档形容词和副词有比较级和最髙档两种形式。
最基本形式为：(1)比较级与than连用，用于两者之间比较，意为“比……更……”。
通惯用much来修饰比较级(2)the+最高档+in/of构造用于三者以上人或物之间比较。
Eg： tall—taller—tallesthappy---happier—happiestthin—thinner—thinnestfine—finer—finestnear-nearer—nearestinteresting—more interesting---most interestingdifficult—more difficult---most difficult(3)等比：表达人或物之间有某些相似或相近性质和特性比较。
★①基本构造为：主语+谓语+as+形容词原形(+名词)/副词原形+ as+比较对象：②否左等比用来比较两个人或物之间差别，英基本构造为：主语+谓语否左形式+so/as+形容词原形(+需词"副词原形+as+比较对象；否定等比相称于一种比较级。
(4)其她比较形式①“thc+比较级……，the+比较级"构造，意为“越……越……”。
普通是从句在前，主句在后。
②没有比较级比较构造。
-ior,如：junior, senior, superior, inferior, prior 等。
使用它们表达比较时，背而用to而不是用than。
(5)集体内部比较★①当一人/事/物与其所属集体其她成员进行比较时，形成集体内部比较。
这种比较必要涉及other或else,事实上是最髙档一种特殊表达。
a.主语+谓语+比较级+ than+any other+单数划词；b.主语+谓语+比较级+than4-some of the other +复数名词:c.主语+谓语 + 比较级+than+anyonc/anybody else。
②如果不加other或else,则表达不是同一范畴中人或物进行比较。
3、合成形容词放在名词之前时，用连字符连接：放在名词Z后时，不使用连字符，但合成形容词与斜词之间用of连接。
如：never-say-die attitude 或attitude of never saying die 决不灰心态度①用连字符合成形容词可以把各种不符合伙沁语语法规则词并列连接起来前置作定语。
在使用时，浮现名词所有为单数，动词所有用原形。
如：a six-year-old boy②但是用of7连接劣词与修饰语必要符合普通语法规则。
如：a boy of six years old4、绝对修饰词用来描述人/事/物完善、完美或完全绝对状况或特性，从逻辑上讲不能用于比较形式中。