2018最新自考英语复习资料
第一章重点单词扩充讲解：
1. organizational: a 组织上的
由此我们可以联想到：organize: v 组织；organization: n 组织；organizer: n 组织者
请看下列习题，选择该组词里恰当的词填空：
1). Last week, our school ________ a spring outing.
2). The task calls for the highest _________ skill.
3). China has joined World Trade __________.
4). He is the __________ of the speech contest.
Answers: organized, organizational, Organization, organizer
2. objective: n 目标；a 客观的，反义词subjective: 主观的
3. predict: v 预言、预示；
由此我们可以联想到：prediction: n 预言；predictable: a 可预测的；predictor: n 预言家
4. simplify: v 简化
由此我们可以联想到：simple: a 简单的；simply: ad 简单地，仅仅地；simplification: n 简化；simplified: a 被简化的。
Exercises for the above words:
1). The machine is _____ in operation but complex in structure.
2). Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet in the original is beyond our capacity while ____ edition is quite easy.
3). There is no point in arguing about it, because it is _______ a question of procedure.
4). The ______ of working process freed the workers fro heavy labor.
Answers: simple; simplified; simply; simplification
5. tendency: n 趋势、倾向；tend : v 倾向于…，tend to do sth
e.g. old people have the tendency of getting fatter.
Or old people tend to get fatter.
6. managerial: a 经理的、经营上的；
由此我们可以联想到：manage: v管理、经营；management: n; manager: n 经营者，管理者；manageable: a 可管理的、可经营的。
7. argue: v 争辩、争论，常用固定搭配：argu with sb about/over sth 由于某事而同某人争论；argue sb into doing sth说服某人做
某事；argue sb out of doing sth说服某人不要做某事。
e.g. 1>. The young couple always argue with each other over their child’s
education.
2>. I argued him out of going on such a dangerous journey.
8. define: v 给…下定义；definition: n 定义
9. profitability: n 赚钱，获利
由此我们可以联想到：profit: n 利润；profitable: a 有利可图的,
有好处的；
profitless: a 没有利润的。
1). He has made a _____ from running a small restaurant.
2). The deal was ______ to all of us.
3). They valued _______ differently, which led to disagreement as to the correctness of decision.
Answer: profit, profitable; profitability.
10. correctness: n 正确性；字根：correct: a 正确的；v 纠正，correction: n 纠正；incorrect: a 不正确的。
11. unintended: a 非计划中的，
由此我们可以联想到：intend: v 打算，计划；intention: n ；intended: a 计划中的
课文难句讲解、分析
1. A decision is a choice made from among alternative courses of action that are available.(p1)
译：决策就是从几种可以选择的做法中作出选择。
分析：该句是主系表结构。made from among alternative courses of action that are available是过去分词短语做定语修饰a choice;
其中that are available是定语从句修饰courses of action.
像这样一环修饰一环的句子结构在英文中很普遍，因此为了看懂句子大家必须学会分析。这是整个英语学习过程中很重要的能力！
2. The reason for making a decision is that a problem exists, goals or objectives are wrong, or something is standing in
the way of accomplishing them. (p1)
译：做出决策的原因是因为存在问题，目标或
目的有错误，或者有某种东西防碍着它们的实现。
分析：该句又是主系表结构。That引导三个并列的表语从句，①a problem exists，②goals or objectives are wrong；③something is
standing in the way of accomplishing them。短语：make a decision:做出决策；stand in the way: 阻挡、防碍
3. Often managers must make a best guess at what the future will be and try to leave as little as possible to chance, but
since uncertainty is always there, risk accompanies decisions. (p2) 译：通常管理者必须对未来的情况做出最佳预测，从而使偶然性尽可能少地发生，但因为不确定性总是存在，所以决策常伴随着风险。
分析：前半句是主谓宾结构。what the future will be是at的宾语；as little as possible做leave的宾语；since引导原因状语从句，
相当于because.
4. If there is no choice, there is no decision to be made. (p3)
译：如果没有选择，就不会有决策。
分析：这是一句很简单的条件状语从句，但它有一个很重要的考点：to be made。这是动词不定式做定语修饰decision，有将来意味。比
如：The last question to be discussed today is how to divide the work among ourselves.
5. For managers, every decision has constraints based on policies, procedures, laws, precedents, and the like. (p3)
译：对于管理者而言，每次决策都受到政策、程序、法律以及惯例等因素制约。
分析：这句话的考点是based on policies, procedures, laws, precedents, and the like。同样是过去分词短语做定语修饰
constraints。其中词组：base…on以…为基础。如：The film is based on s short story by Jack London.
6. But the tendency to simplify blinds them to other alternatives. (p4)
译：但是这种简化的倾向使得他们看不到其他可供选择的方法。
分析：该句主语the tendency to simplify，谓语blinds; them是宾语。to simplify是定语，修饰the tendency；to other
alternatives是宾补。其中短语：blind sb to sth:使…看不见…；
we shouldn’t let our prejudices blind us to the facts.
7. Because individuals (and organizations) frequently have different ideas about how to attain the goals, the best choice
may depend on who makes the decision. (p6 line 4--6)
译：因为个人（和组织）关于如何达到目的常有不同的观点，哪种是最优的选择可能要看是谁做出决策。
分析：这是一个由because引导的原因状语从句。其中how to attain the goals做介词about的宾语，who makes the decision做介词on 的
宾语。
8. Some of these objectives are more important than others, but the order and degree of importance often vary from person
to person and from department to department. (p7 line 2--4)
译：其中有一些目标比其它的更重要，但其顺序和重要程度因人和不同的部门而异。
分析：请注意比较级more important than，词组：vary from person to person译成中文：因人而异，可以推出：因季节而异vary from
season to season….
9. When presented with a common case, sales managers tend to see sales problems, production managers see production
problems, and so on. (p7 line 5--7)
译：当面对同一件日常事情时，销售经理倾向于看销售问题，而生产经理则会看生产相关的问题，等等。
分析：前半部分为常考内容，它是when + 过去分词短语，构成时间状
语部分。其中词组：
be presented with = be faced with当面对…
When faced with difficulties, we should be brave..
10. People often assume that a decision is an isolated phenomenon. (p9)
译：人们经常假设一项决策是孤立的现象。
分析：句子结构简单：主谓宾（从句）。其中assume: = imagine; isolated: adj 孤立的。
phenomenon: n 现象；复数变化较特殊：phenomena|重点单词、词组详讲
1. interview: n/v 采访、面试；interviewer: n 采访者；interviewee: n 被采访者
e.g. 1>. Who''s the most famous person you''ve ever interviewed on
TV?
2>. In a TV interview last night, she denied she had any intention of resigning.
2. criticism: n 批评，评论；criticize: v 批评；critical: a 批评的、挑剔的、关键的；critic: n 评论家, 请填填看。
1> He is a literary ______.
2> We are at a _______time in our history.
3> He can''t take ________.
4> The boy was ______ by his father for being late for school.
Answers: critic, critical, criticism, criticized
3. indifference: n 冷漠、漠不关心；indifferent: a 冷漠的，反义词：enthusiastic: 热情的
cf: different: a 不同的，名词：difference; 反义词：same.
4. inefficiency: n 无效，由此联想得到：
efficient: a 高效率的；efficiency: n inefficient: a 低效率的
5. conservative: a 保守的、保存的；conserve: v 保存；conservation: n
6. apply to sb for sth: 向某人申请某物
e.g. The student applied to the embassy for a visa.
7. take the trouble to do sth: 不辞劳苦、费力地做某事
e.g. If you took the trouble to listen to what I was saying, you''d know what I was talking about.
8. put oneself in somebody''s place: 设身处地…
If you put yourself in your mother''s place, you will understand why she is so worried about you.
9. in hand: 手头上有，进行中
I''ve got enough money in hand to buy a new car.
10. turn down: 调小，降低，拒绝
Turn down the TV, for the baby is sleeping.
He turned down the job because the pay isn''t good enough.
课文难句分析
1. The key words here are preparation and confidence, which will carry you far. （p2）
译：这里的关键词是准备和自信，它们将使你前程远大。
分析：which will carry you far非限定性定语从句，修饰preparation and confidence。另外请注意：key关键的；preparation是
prepare的名词；confidence: n 信心。Confident: a 有信心的；self-confidence: 自信心。
2. Find out all you can about the job you are applying for and the origination you hope to work for. (p4)
译：了解你所申请的工作和你希望为之工作的组织。
分析：you are applying for定语，修饰the job; you hope to work for 定语修饰the origination。词组：apply to sb for sth向某人
申请什么。
3. It shows an unattractive indifference to your employer and to your job. (p6)
译：它表明你对雇主和你的工作的态度冷漠，不感兴趣。
分析：it主语；shows谓语；an unattractive indifference宾语；to your employer and to your job间接宾语。Show sth to sb=show
sb sth.另外，请注意：indifference: 冷漠，漠视。
4. He wants somebody who is hard-working with a pleasant personality and a real interest in the job. (p7)
分析：who is hard-working with a pleasant personality and a real interest in the job全部都是定语，修饰somebody。注意介词
with表示带有。。；have interest in sth对…有兴趣。
5. Anything that you find out about the prospective employer can be used to your advantage during the interview to show
that you have bothered to master some facts about the people who you hope to work for. (p8)
译：你找到的任何有关未来雇主的信息在面试中都能为你所用，
自考英语二复习资料汇总总结
重点单词扩充讲解： 1. organizational: a 组织上的 由此我们可以联想到：organize: v 组织；organization: n 组织；organizer: n 组织者 请看下列习题，选择该组词里恰当的词填空： 1). Last week, our school __organized_____ a spring outing. 2). The task calls for the highest _organizational_ skill. 3). China has joined World Trade _organization_________. 4). He is the ____organizer______ of the speech contest. Answers: organized, organizational, Organization, organizer 2. objective: n 目标； a 客观的，反义词subjective: 主观的 3. predict: v 预言、预示； 由此我们可以联想到：prediction: n 预言；predictable: a 可预测的；predictor: n 预言家 4. simplify: v 简化 由此我们可以联想到：simple: a 简单的；simply: ad 简单地，仅仅地；simplification: n 简化；simplified: a 被简
Exercises for the above words: 1). The machine is simple_____ in operation but complex in structure. 2). Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet in the original is beyond our capacity while __simplified__ edition is quite easy. 3). There is no point in arguing about it, becau se it is __simply_____ a question of procedure. 4). The _simplification_____ of working process freed the workers fro heavy labor. Answers: simple; simplified; simply; simplification 5. tendency: n 趋势、倾向；tend : v 倾向于…，tend to do sth e.g. old people have the tendency of getting fatter. Or old people tend to get fatter. 6. managerial: a 经理的、经营上的； 由此我们可以联想到：manage: v管理、经营；management: n; manager: n 经营者，管理者；manageable: a 可管理的、可经营的。 7. argue: v 争辩、争论，常用固定搭配：argu with sb about/over sth由于某事而同某人争论；argue sb into doing sth说服某人做某事；argue sb out of doing sth说服某人不
(完整版)历年真题2014年10月自考英语(二)试题和标准答案
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自考本科英语二复习资料
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2019年自考英语二历年试题(真题)及答案
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自考英语二复习资料
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2016年10月高等教育自学考试英语（二）真题 第一部分：阅读判断（第1~10题，每题1分，共10分）下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。 Being ”Cool” in Middle School A new study shows that gentle and quiet kids in middle school will grow up to rule. Or, they’ll live healthier and more productive lives than the “cool” kids will. The study looked at 13-year-olds who acted old for their age by having “cool”behavior, such as early romantic relationships. They were seen as “cool” and popular kids. But as they grew up, things changed. The study found that these kids tended to have problems with drugs and relationships by their 20s. Their behavior was no longer linked with popularity. Instead, they were thought to be less socially skilled by their peers. Besides, the average “cool”kids, by age 22, did more poorly than the average kids in the study. They had a 45 percent greater rate of problems due to drugs and alcohol. They also had a 22 percent greater rate of criminal behavior. The study also found that these kids failed to develop important life skills. They spent so much time trying to seem cool. They didn’t
自考“基础英语”复习资料讲课讲稿
一、名词和短语的英汉互译： 1.Quota―配额、定量 maintenance―维持、保持 tariff barriers―关税壁垒 invalid contract―无效合同 monopolistic competition―垄断性竞争 depreciation=devaluation―贬值 inventory―存货清单 cost effectiveness―成本效益 direct/indirect tax―直接/间接税 the req uired reserve―法定最低储备金 economics of scale―规模经济 packaging material―包装材料 inferior product―残次品 manufactured goods―产成品 survey report―调查报告 consumer goods―消费品 export/import quota―出口/进口配额 claim―索赔 technical expertise－技术知识 compensation trade－补偿贸易 raw material－原材料 traffic jam－交通阻塞
subsidiary company－分公司 multilateral trade－多边贸易 service trade－服务贸易 trade gap－贸易差额 assembly line－生产线 planned/market economy－计划/市场经济Universal Product Code－产品统一条形码visible/invisible trade－有形/无形贸易insurance policy－保险单 excess reserves－额外储备金 free port－自由港 public interest－公共利益 comparative advantage－比较优势 trail order－试订单 foreign-trade zones－外贸保税区 sole agent－独家代理 registered trade mark－注册商标geographic area－地理位置standardized container－标准集装箱delivery rate－运费 target market－目标市场 fraud－欺诈 annal revence/annual gain－年收入
2018年4月自考 英语(一) 试题
2018年4月高等教育自学考试《英语（一）》试题 课程代码：00012 一、阅读判断 Finding Paradise (天堂) and Success in Retirement Ivy Singh and her husband had their retirement all planned out. They wanted to have a place with enough land to grow plants. The couple successfully found a proper place and turned it into a farm called Bollywood Veggies. "We came and had a look and we found paradise. We started Bollywood Veggies there and then," she says. The basic idea of starting the farm was to keep themselves busy in retirement. Mrs. Singh says it was never begun as a business. "We started this as a lifestyle project for retirement." The farm's produce includes beans, cabbage and other crops. Soon, more people found out about the farm. Visitors often asked whether the farm offered any food or drinks. So the couple started a restaurant and a food museum on the farm. As the farm changed from a retirement to a commercial project, Mrs. Singh sought new business opportunities. A key area was growing bananas. Given the popularity of bananas and their use in a range of food products, she saw great potential. The farm uses its crop to make products such as banana chips and bread. Mrs. Singh, driven by the success of the project, now wants to open a retirement home on the farm. She says the farm is a nice place for people who have retired. Mrs. Singh says she does not care much about the profit, because she is getting to live her dream while making a difference to society. 1. Ivy and her husband made a careful plan for retirement. A. True B. False C. Not Given 2. Before retirement, the couple were doing business on plants. A. True B. False C. Not Given 3. The couple started Bollywood Veggies for business purposes. A. True B. False C. Not Given 4. Cabbage was the first vegetable planted on the farm. A. True B. False C. Not Given 5. The couple opened a restaurant close to the farm. A. True B. False C. Not Given 6. Mrs. Singh planted bananas because they were very popular. A. True B. False C. Not Given 7. Visitors to the farm like its banana chips the best. A. True B. False C. Not Given 8. Mrs. Singh built a retirement home on the farm. A. True B. False C. Not Given 9. Mrs. Singh thinks the farm is a good place for retired people.
自考英语二复习资料
? UNIT 1 ? 重点单词和短语 ? objective accomplish predict accompany attain scheme skilled argue define ? interview prospect ? course of action in the way(by the way, in no way, in a way) make a guess at contribute to and the like (and so on) ? seek to do sth. in part point of view vary from…to … ! ? apply for (to) ? have no idea bring about take the trouble to do ? put oneself in one’s place ? to one’s advantage at a disadvantage ask for in hand turn down (up, on, off, out, over, back) ? 重点、难点句子详解 ? decision is a choice made from among alternative courses of action that are available. ? 解析：courses of action 意思是行动方案、做事步骤；made 是过去分词；from among — 为二重介词 ? 例：We ’ll inform you as soon as tickets become _____. (06-4) ? A. valuable B. capable C. acceptable D. available (D) ? 2. … some suggest that the management process is decision making. ? 解析：suggest 表示认为、提出、暗示意思，后面不用虚拟语气，表示建议意思， 后面用虚拟语气。 ? 例：It is suggested that the meeting (should) be held (hold)at some other time. 、 ? 3. … decision making includes limiting alternatives as well as identifying them. ? 解析：as well as 意思是既…又… ? 4. In fact, I did have several questions, but you have already answered them all. ? 解析：助动词do 在肯定句中用在动词之前表示强调，意思是确实。 ? 5. … but do not let it worry you too much. ? 解析：动词let, make, have, hear, see, observe 等词之后的宾语补足语为省略to 的 不定式结构。 ? 6. There is little likelihood that … ！ ? 对比：There is a/ every/no likelihood that/of ? 例：The two sisters are ___ in many ways, not only in appearance but also in temperament.(06-4) ? A. like B. likely C. alike D. lively (C) ? ? UNIT2 ? 重点单词和短语 : ? exert collapse shrink basis launch convince operate revolve glitter unlikely (be likely to) whereas concerned (be concerned about) plateau ? in theory apply to depend on research into swallow up make use of together with in every respect in other words consist of a great many under the circumstances make a difference above all as a rule ? seek to do sth. in part point of view vary from…to … ? 例：I hope my boy friend will be handsome, strong and ___ kind. (06-4) — ? A. above all B. in all C. at all D. after all (A) ? 重点、难点句子详解 ? 1. Einstein claimed that matter and energy are interchangeable… ? 例：爱因斯坦声称物质和能量是可以相互转化的，因此没有绝对的时间和空间。 (05-4-68) ? 2. It is only recently that astronomers have begun specific research into black holes. ? 例1：It is on Friday ___ we will hold the meeting. . ? A. that B. when C. in that time D. what (A) ? 例2: As a painter, Ted was very ___ about the colors he used. (03-10) ? A. specific B. special C. peculiar D. particular (D) ? 3. The earth is one of mine planets which move in orbit round the sun. ? 对比：The earth is the only one of the nine planets which has life on it. ? 4. The total water area is about three times as large as the land area. ? 解析：数词+times + as +形容词+as 是表示倍数的表达法。 ? 例：It is important to note that a reading of 4 indicates an earthquake ten times as strong -
全国自考英语《综合英语一》历年真题详解
全国自考英语《综合英语一》历年真题详解 2015年全国自考《综合英语（一）》真题及详解 课程代码：00794 选择题部分 I. 语法和词汇填空。阅读下面的句子，从A、B、C和D四个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项的字母涂黑。（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20） 1. Down about two hundred yards _____ three logs right across the stream. A. is B. are C. have D. has 【答案】B查看答案 【解析】句意：沿着溪流对面向下二百码的地方，有三根木头。方位副词down 位于句首，句子全部倒装，谓语动词与主语three logs保持一致，用复数形式。B项符合题意，故选B项。 2. She has always enjoyed reading newspapers, magazines and books, all of _____ have been of great help to her in television reporting. A. that B. them
D. which 【答案】D查看答案 【解析】句意：她一直都很喜欢阅读报纸、杂志和书籍，这些对她在电视上的报道有很大的帮助。两个句子都有谓语动词，且用逗号隔开，故为非限定性定语从句，只能用关系代词which引导。D项符合题意，故选D项。 3. The reason _____ his being late was that the flight he took had been delayed. A. of B. in C. for D. with 【答案】C查看答案 【解析】句意：他迟到的原因是航班延误了。the reason for 为固定搭配，表示“……的原因”。C项符合题意，故选C项。 4. Keep trying, and you’ll figure it out. You know _____ they say: if at first you don’t succeed, try, try again. A. why B. what C. how