牛津上海版高一上英语-U3词汇句型精讲-教案

牛津上海版高一上英语-U3词汇句型精讲-教案
牛津上海版高一上英语-U3词汇句型精讲-教案

U3重点词汇精讲

1.twist (v) 旋转,盘绕

词组:to twist the handle 转动把手

twist one’s ankle 扭伤了脚踝

例句:Twist the handle to open the door. 转动把手来开门。

He fell and twisted his right ankle. 他摔了下来,扭伤了他的右脚踝。

2.construction (n) 建筑

词组:be under construction 建造中

例句:Many underground lines are under construction in Shanghai.

在上海有很多地铁线路还在建造中

【拓展】

(1)construct (v) 建造

例句:We will construct a language lab to improve the students’ oral English.

我们将建造一个语音室来提高学生的英语口语。

(2)constructive (adj) 建设性的

例句:I have some constructive ideas for keeping you healthy.

我有一些让你保持健康的建设性的想法。

3.base (n) 基础,底部

词组:lay the base for 为…打下基础

例句:His efforts laid the base for his success.

他的努力为他的成功打下了基础。

(v) 以…为基础

词组:base on 基于,以…为依据

例句:The film is based on a true story. 这部电影是以真实故事为依据的。【拓展】

(1)basic (adj) 基本的

例句:This is a basic principle. 这是一个基本的原理。

4.distance (n) 距离

词组:from a distance 从远处

in the distance 在远处

at a distance 隔开一些,稍远一些

例句:It looks beautiful from a distance. 它从远处看很美。

My home town is in the distance. 我的故乡在很远的地方。

The oil painting looks much better at the distance. 这副油画远看更好看一些。【拓展】

(1)distant (adj) 远的

词组:be distant with sb 对…很疏远

be distant from 距离…很远

例句:She is always distant with strangers. 她对陌生人总是很疏远。

The highway is 8 miles distant from our house. 公路距离我家有8英里远。

5.include (v) 包含,包括,表示包含之物的一部分

例句:The trip includes a lunch at a famous restaurant.

这次旅行包括了一次在著名餐厅的午餐。

There are 6 people, including 3 women.(放在宾语之前)

这里有六个人,其中包括三个女人。

The price for the book is 15 dollars, taxes included.(放在被修饰的名词或代词后)这本书的价格是15美元,含税。

【拓展】

(1)contain (v) 包含,表示包含之物的全部

例句:The water in the lake contains salt. 这个湖里的水有盐。

The bowl contained a variety of fruits. 这个碗里有各种水果。

6.historical (adj) 历史的

词组:historical research 历史研究historical figure/people 历史人物

【拓展】

(1)historic (adj) 历史上有重大意义的

词组:historic meeting 历史性会见historic voyage 历史性的航行

7.civilization (n) 文明

例句:The Chinese civilization is one of the oldest in the world.

中国文明是世界上最古老的文明之一。

【拓展】

(1)civilize (v) 使文明,使开化

例句:The purpose of this facility is to civilize people.

这个设备的目的是教化民众。

(2)civil (adj) 国内的,民事的

词组:civil rights 公民的权利 a civil war 内战

(3)civilian (n) 公民

例句:Many innocent civilians were killed during the war.

许多无辜的老百姓在战争中丧生。

(adj) 百姓的,平民的

例句:It was difficult to return to civilian life after ten years in the military.

在军队里呆了十年之后回到平民生活很难。

8.preserve (v) 保护,保存

词组:preserve…from… 保护…免于…

preserve order 维持秩序

例句:稀有动物应该被保护免于灭绝。

Rare animals should be preserved from extinction.

警察在街上维持秩序

Policemen preserve order in the streets.

【拓展】

(1)preserved (adj) 保藏的,腌制的

词组:preserved eggs 皮蛋preserved fruit 果脯

(2)preservation (n) 保护

词组:the preservation of natural resources 自然资源的保护

9.admit (v) 承认,使…进入

词组:admit doing sth 承认做某事

be admitted into/to school 被录取进入学校

例句:She admitted stealing the bicycle. 她承认偷了自行车

He has been admitted into Fudan University. 他已经被复旦大学录取了。

10.attract (v) 吸引,引起

词组:att ract sb’s attention/interest 吸引某人的注意/兴趣

be attracted by sth 被某物吸引

例句:The plane attracts his attention to the sky.

飞机把他的注意力吸引到了天空。

He is attracted by the plane.

他被飞机吸引了。

【拓展】

(1)attraction (n) 吸引

例句:One of the most famous tourist attractions 最著名的旅游景点之一

(2)attractive (adj) 吸引人的

例句:She is an attractive lady. 她是一个有吸引力的女人。

11.reflection (n) 反射,沉思

例句:They stood on the bridge and looked at their reflections in the lake.

他们站在桥上,看着他们在湖中的倒影。

After a moment’s reflection, he realized he was wrong.

经过一会儿的反思之后,他意识到他是错的。

【拓展】

(1)reflect (v) 反射,沉思

词组:reflect on/upon 思索,仔细想

例句:I need time to reflect on/upon my fault. 我需要时间来反思我的错误。

12.abandon (v) 放弃,抛弃

词组:abandon oneself to 沉溺于

abandon the ship/research 放弃船只/研究

例句:She abandoned herself to grief. 她沉浸在悲痛之中。

13.access (v) 接近

例句:You have illegally accessed the confidential files.

你已经非法获取了机密文件。

(n) 接近的机会

词组:have/get access to 获得接近的方法

例句:My ex-husband has access to the children at weekends.

我的前夫有权在周末同孩子们在一起。

14.hold (v) 抓住,持有

词组:hold the view that 认为

hold out 提供,坚持

hold up 举起

hold back 阻止,抑制

hold on 别挂断,坚持

hold off 推迟,拖延

例句:She holds the view that we can’t pollute the air any more.

她坚持认为我们不能再污染空气了。

Will the car hold out till we reach London?

这车能支持到我们抵达伦敦吗?

She held up her hand quickly.

她快速地举起手来。

The traffic is hold back by a car accident.

交通因为一场车祸停滞了。

He said he would hold on to the truth with his blood and life.

他说他会为坚持真理而奉献生命和鲜血。

The sports meeting will be held off due to the rain.

由于下雨,运动会将会被推迟。

15.ruin (v) 毁灭

词组:ruin reputation 砸牌子

例句:Online rumors ruin personal reputation and cause great mental distress to the victim.

网络谣言败坏个人名誉并且给受害人造成极大的精神困扰。

(n) 废墟

词组:in ruins 成为废墟(废墟,可数)

fall into ruin 逐渐没落(破产,垮台不可数)

例句:A terrible earthquake left the whole town in ruins.

一场可怕的地震使全城成为一片废墟。

After the fall of the Roman Empire, the Colosseum fell into ruins.

罗马帝国倒下之后,罗马斗兽场也逐渐没落。

16.stand (v) 站立,坚持

词组:stand up 站起来

stand still 站着不动

stand by 袖手旁观

stand for 代表

stand out 明显,突出

stand doing 忍受做某事

例句:Events will not stand still.

事件不会停滞不前。

Alice said that she would not stand by and let him do whatever he wanted.

Alice说她不会再袖手旁观,让他为所欲为。

We agreed to let Alice stand for our group.

我们同意让Alice代表我们组。

His height makes him stand out in the crowd.

他的身高使他在人群中非常显眼。

I can’t stand waiting any longer.

我没办法再继续等下去了。

17.overlook (v) 俯瞰,忽视

例句:The Great Pyramids of Giza overlook the Nile River in Egypt.

吉萨大金字塔俯瞰埃及的尼罗河。

【拓展】

(1)ignore 通常指有意不顾,或不理显而易见的事物

例句:She saw him coming but ignore him. 她看见他走过来,但是装作没看见。

(2)neglect 指粗心或疏忽大意

例句:He neglected to repair his house. 他忘记修房子了。

(3)overlook 轻视,没注意到

例句:Don’t overlook these mistakes. 不要小看这些错误。

课堂练习

(2)Don’t ______ a small detail like that.

(3)There of the new products _________ traditional herbal medicines.

(4)Seen ______, the room has only a faint light.

(5) A good British breakfast always ______ sausages.

(6)It is important to look at the novel in its ______ context.

(7) A ______ war is a war between factions in the same country.

(8)I should have ______ for a better deal.

(9)At present, stagnation in home sales _______ economic recovery.

(10)Nowadays, people ________ news from all over the world.

参考答案:

has ignored overlook are based on from a distance includes historical civil held out is holding back have access to

二、翻译句子

1.保存肉类的方法就是将它冷冻(preserve)

2.我将不会承认我犯了错误(admit doing)

3.下午五点之后,游客不准进入美术馆(admit)

4.看着在水中的倒影,Alice被自己的美丽吸引住了(attract)

5.人们相信长城是建筑史上最宏大的建筑之一(It is believed that)

6.一杯红茶或黑咖啡不含热量(contain)

7.我们公司的总部是在上海,但是我们在全国各地都有分公司(base)

8.他们在十英里外才看得清(at a distance of)

参考答案:

1.One way to preserve meat is to freeze it.

2.I will not admit making mistakes.

3.Visitors are not admitted to the gallery after 5 pm.

4.Looking at her reflection in the water, Alice was attracted by her own beauty.

5.It is believed that the Great Wall is one of the most magnificent constructions in architecture history.

6. A cup of black tea or black coffee contains no calories.

7.Our company’s base is in Shanghai, but we have branches all over the country.

8.They could be seen at a distance of 10 miles.

阅读拓展精讲

一.理解推断题

推理判断题主要考查考生根据已知信息做出合理的推断或判断的逻辑思维能力,要求考生阅读时善于揣测、体会作者的态度、观点、意图等。作者的态度、观点、意图会渗透在文章的字里行间,有时可能比较明显,有时可能比较含蓄、隐晦,需要仔细琢磨、揣测才能得知。

试题中涉及推理判断、意图揣测题的常用提问方式如下:

1.We can infer/learn from the (last )paragraph that .

2.It can be concluded from the passage that .

3.The passage implies /suggests that .

4.The author seems to be in favor of (against) .

5.What can be concluded from the passage?

6.The author’s purpose of writing the passage is .

7.From the passage we can draw the conclusion that .

8.The author believes that…

9.It is most likely to be inferred from the passage that .

10.Which of the following statements can be inferred from the passage?

在推理判断时解题时要牢记以下几点:

1.严格按照阅读材料中所提供的信息进行推理,千万不要掺杂自己的主观想法或经验;

2.如果某选项中的内容是阅读材料的简单重复,那它就不是推论,也就不是正确答案;

3.如果某选项所表达的内容与经验相吻合,文中却没有涉及,那它属于主观臆断的结论,也不是正确答案;

4.如果某个选项表达的内容虽在文中提到,但很片面或很不完整,那也不是正确答案;

5.文中的虚拟语气和情态动词(should, must, may, etc.)往往能流露出作者的弦外之音,这有助于我们确定正确答案;

6.注意作者在文章中的措辞,比如作者在形容词前用了too,excessively, rather则常带有否定的口气;

7.某些过渡词(例如:however, but, on the contrary, what’s more,fortunately,Of cause,)后面所表达的内

容往往能反映作者的观点和态度

二、练习

The Olympics

B. The Chinese have been looking forward to hosting the Beijing Olympics.

C. Beijing was selected as the host city for the 2019 Olympics by the United Nations.

D. Chinese athletes have come out number one many times in every Olympics event.

Ⅱ. Put the following phrases either in English or Chinese according to the reading passage

1. in between _________________

2. stand for _________________

3. at the turn of _________________

4. in terms of_________________

5. come out number one _________________

6. 结束_______________

7. 增加 _______________ 8.发出(声音)________________

9. 众所周知的原因 ________________ 10由于...... . 的结果 ________________

Ⅲ. Fill in the blank with the words or phrases in the reading passage

1.The heavy rain ________ the difficulty of the rescue work in the earthquake-hit area.

2.A good command of English _________ a bright future in a sense.

3.As a Chinese representative, she knew that her opinion ___________ significant weight on IOC issues.

4.It's hoped that the talks may __________ the disagreements between the two countries.

5.Johnny failed to catch the first bus to work ___________ getting up too late.

6.The old man died and his money was _________ four parts.

Ⅳ. Translation

1. 你知道WTO代表什么吗?(stand for)

2.是谁泄漏了秘密还是个谜。(let out)

3.由于众所周知的原因,他未能出席会议。(know)

4.直到1972年,战争才最终结束。(It; come)

5.在世纪之交,全世界看到并体验到了信息技术对人类社会带来的影响。(at the turn of)

6.从政治上来讲,中国在国际舞台上扮演了很重要的角色。(in terms of)

Keys

Ⅰ.Comprehension

Questions

1-5 ABDDB

Ⅱ.Put the following phrases either in English or Chinese according to the reading passage

1. 间隔

2. 代表

3. 在......之交

4. 从......来看

5. 获得第一

6. bring... to an end

7. add to

8. let out

9. the reasons known to all 10. as a result of Ⅲ.Fill in the blank with the words or phrases in the reading passage

1. added to

2. equals

3. carried

4. bring an end to

5. as a result of

6. divided into

Ⅳ.Translation

1.Do you know what WTO stands for?

2.It is a mystery who has let out the secret.

3.For reasons known to all, he couldn't attend the meeting.

4.It was not until 1972 that the war finally came to an end.

5.At the turn of the century, the whole world is witnessing and experiencing the great effect brought about by

information technology.

6.In terms of politics, China plays an important role on the international stage.

回家作业

一、词汇自默(20min)

twist construction magnificent structure base include gallery bronze ware sculpture calligraphy seal historical civilization preserve admit scenery landscape attract reflection remain abandon access stadium hold empire ruin fall into ruin stand overlook tomb wonder

盘旋;蜿蜒建造壮丽的建造物基础包括陈列室;展览馆

青铜器雕塑书法印章历史的文明保存;保护

准许进入风景景色吸引倒影遗迹抛弃;遗弃

进入,接近运动场容纳帝国废墟成为废墟看台

俯瞰;眺望坟墓奇迹

二、阅读训练

Cloze (10min)

Religious and private schools receive little or no support from public taxes in the Unite States, and, as a result, are usually somewhat expensive to 1 The largest group of religious schools in America 2 by the Roman Catholic Church. While religious schools tend to be 3 expensive than private schools, there are usually some fees.

When there is free education available to all children in the Unite States, why do people 4 money on private schools? Americans offer 5 great variety of reasons for doing so, including the desire of some parents to 6 their children to schools 7 classes tend to be smaller, or where religious instruction is included as part of the educational program, or because, 8 their opinion, the public schools in their area are not 9 high enough quality to meet their needs. Private schools in the Unite States 10 widely in size, quality, and in the kind of program that are offered to meet 11 of certain students.

The degree 12 American parents are active in their children's schools is often 13 to people of other countries. Most schools have organizations 14 of both parents and teachers, usually called P. T. A for Parent-Teacher-Association. They meet together to 15 various matters concerning the school. Parents often give their time to help with classroom or after school activities.

( ) 1. A. go B. attend C. take part in D. enroll

( ) 2. A. were run B. run C. is run D. is running

( ) 3. A. less B. more C. rather D. much

( ) 4. A. spend B. pay C. cost D. take

( ) 5. A. a B. the C. some D. /

( ) 6. A. bring B. bringing C. send D. sending

( ) 7. A. which B. what C. in that D. where

( ) 8. A. to B. in C. on D. for

( ) 9. A. / B. in C. of D. on

( )10. A. differ B. varies C. extend D. differs

( ) 11. A. the needs B. the satisfaction C. needs D. need

( )12. A. on which B.to which C. which D. what

( )13. A. surprise B.surprised C. surprising D. striking

( )14. A. consisting https://www.360docs.net/doc/ee11859652.html,prising C. composing D. making up

( )15. A. talk to https://www.360docs.net/doc/ee11859652.html,ment C. discuss D. exchange

Keys

1-5 BCAAA 6-10 CDBCA 11-15 ABCAC

Reading (20min)

(A)

"We're more than halfway now; it's only two miles farther to the inn," said the driver. "I'm glad of that!" answered the stranger. He wanted to say more but the east wind blew right down his throat whenever he tried to speak.

"You don't feel the cold so much at twenty below zero out in the Western Country. There's none of this coldness," he said, adding, "and wetness. "

"You'll have a cold drive going back," he said anxiously, and put up his hand for the twentieth time to see if his coat collar was as close to the back of his neck as possible. He had wished a dozen times that he were in his warm old hunter's clothes which he had often worn in the worst of weather in the northwest.

"I shall not have to go back!" said the girl in a loud voice, with eager pleasantness. "I'm on my way home now.

I drove over early just to meet you at the train. We had word that someone was coming to the inn. "

( ) 16. How far was the drive from the train to the inn?

A. One mile.

B. Two miles.

C. Less than four miles.

D. A little over four miles.

( ) 17. The driver was ______________ .

A. an old man

B. a stranger

C. a girl

D. from the Western Country

( ) 18. From the passage we know that the two speakers are facing _______________ .

A. west

B. east

C. northwest

D. south

( ) 19. According to the stranger, in the West the winters are _______________ .

A. cold and relatively dry

B. cold and relatively wet

C. wet and relatively warm

D. warm and relatively dry

(B)

Any mistake made in the printing of a stamp raises its value to stamp collectors. A mistake on one inexpensive postage stamp has made the stamp worth a million and a half times its original value.

The mistake was made more than a hundred years ago in the British colony of Mauritius, a small island in the Indian Ocean. In 1847 an order for stamps was sent to a London printer-Mauritius was to become the fourth country in the world to issue stamps.

Before the order was filled and delivered, a ball was planned at Mauritius' Government House, and stamps were needed to send out the invitations. A local printer was instructed to copy the design for the stamps. He accidentally printed the words "Post Office" instead of "Post Paid" on the several hundred stamps.

Today there are only twenty-six of these misprinted stamps left: fourteen One Penny Orange-Reds and twelve Two Penny Blues. Because of the Two Penny Blue's rareness and age, collectors have paid as much as $16,800 for it.

( ) 20. Over a century ago, Mauritius _______________ .

A. was an independent country

B. belonged to India

C. was one of the British colonies

D. was a small island in the Pacific Ocean

( ) 21. The mistake on the stamps was made _____________ .

A. in Mauritius

B. at Mauritius Government House

C. in a post office

D. in

London

( )22. Stamp collectors have paid $16,800 for _______________ .

A. fourteen One Penny Orange-Reds

B. twelve Two Penny Blues

C. one One Penny Orange-Red

D. one Two Penny Blue

(C)

?Put sunscreen on before going out in the sun.

?Take it with you.

?Use it

—after a swim

—every hour or so while playing outdoors

—if you get sweaty.

?Cover up when the sun is overhead

—10 a.m. —2 p.m.

—especially at lunch time.

?Get your suntan gradually and not too much.

?Controlled exposure to sunshine helps avoid skin cancer.

Ask your chemist to recommend a suitable sunscreen.

Queensland Cancer Fund

P. O. Box

Spring Hill, QLD.4000

Phone (07)8397077

Provided for community awareness by the Queensland Cancer

( ) 23. This passage is most likely to be _______________ .

A. an article from a student text book

B. a direction from a bottle of medicine

C. an advertisement from a newspaper

D. a suggestion from a chemist

( ) 24. Which statement is true?

A. The more you get sunshine, the better your health will be.

B. You'll never have skin cancer with controlled exposure.

C. You mustn't stay outside from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m.

D. You should frequently put on sunscreen while playing outdoors.

( ) 25. According to the passage we can see that Queensland Cancer Fund wants to

A. sell sunscreen, shirt and hat

B. encourage people to play in the sun

C. help people guard against skin cancer

D. make money out of sunscreen

( ) 26. If you want a sunscreen, you should ask _________________ for advice.

A. the seller

B. the advertiser

C. your parents

D. your doctor Keys

16-19 DCBA 20-22 CAD 23-26 CDCD

上海版沪教版牛津英语1A教案

Unit 1 My classroom Period One Teaching contents: L et’s act ( Page 2) Teaching aims: 1. 知识目标:能用祈使句Stand up, please. Sit down, please. Open your book. Close your book.给出简单指令。 2. 能力目标:能听懂简单指令并作出反应。 3. 情感目标:激发学生学习的兴趣,使学生寓教于乐。 Difficult and key points:能用所学的命令相互交流。 Teaching aids: cassette, book, bag. Teaching procedure:

Unit 1 My classroom Period Two Teaching contents: let’s talk ( page 3 ) Teaching aims: 4. 知识目标:学会问候语How are you?及回答Fine, thank you.学会Good morning.问候早上好。 5. 能力目标:熟练运用句子交流。 6. 情感目标:教育学生做到礼貌待人。 Difficult and key points: How are you? Good morning.的问候语。Teaching aids: Cassette, a puppet. Teaching procedure:

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