2017上海市杨浦区中考语文二模试题答案与解析
2017年上海宝山区初三二模语文试题(附答案)
2017年宝山区初三二模语文试题考生注意：1、本试卷共有27题。
2、请将所有答案写在答题卷的指定位置上，写在试卷上不计分。
一、文言文（40分）（一）默写（15分）1．几处早莺争暖树， _______________________________ （白居易《钱塘湖春行》）2. ，芳草萋萋鹦鹉洲。
3.其切如是，______________________________________ （崔颢《黄鹤楼》）（袁枚《黄生借书说》4．，浓睡不消残酒。
（李清照《如梦令》）5．人知从太守乐而乐，______________________________ （欧阳修《醉翁亭记》）（二）阅读下面两首词．完成6一一7题（4分）【甲】江城子密州出猎老夫聊发少年狂。
左牵黄，右擎苍。
锦帽貂裘，千骑卷平冈。
为报倾城随太守，亲射虎，看孙郎。
酒酣胸胆尚开张，鬓微霜又何妨？持节云中，何日遣冯唐？会雕弓如月，西北望，射天狼。
【乙】破阵子为陈同甫赋壮词以寄醉里挑灯看剑，梦回吹角连营。
八百里分麾下炙，五十弦翻塞外声，沙场秋点兵。
马作的卢飞快，弓如霹雳弦惊。
了却君王天下事，赢得生前身后名，可怜白发生！6．两首词的整理，依次分别是、（人名）。
（2分）7．对两首宋词理解有误的两项是、（2分）A【甲】词首句中的“狂”字，贯穿并统摄了全词。
B.【乙】词首句中的“醉”字，引出的内容都是梦境。
C．两首词都描绘了宏大激烈的战争场面。
D．两首词都表达出词人报国难酬的壮志。
（三）阅读下列文段，完成8一一10题（9分）吴广素爱人，士卒多为用者。
将尉醉，广故数言欲亡，忿恚尉，令辱之，以激怒其众。
尉果笞广。
尉剑挺，广起，夺而杀尉，陈胜佐之，并杀两尉。
召令徒属曰：“公等遇雨，皆已失期，失期当斩。
借第令毋斩，而戍死者固十六七。
且壮士不死即已，死即举大名耳，王俟将相宁有种乎！”徒属皆曰：“敬受命。
”乃诈称公子扶苏、项燕，从民欲也。
袒右，称大楚。
为坛而盟，祭以尉首。
2023年上海市杨浦区中考二模语文试题(含答案解析)
试卷第1页，共8页2023年上海市杨浦区中考二模语文试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、句子默写1．默写
（1），札札弄机杼。（《迢迢牵牛星》）（2）山光悦鸟性，。（常建《题破山寺后禅院》）（3）登斯楼也，，宠辱偕忘……（范仲淹《岳阳楼记》）（4）老师引用陆游《游山西村》中的诗句“，”鼓励同学们：当人处于困境时，只要坚持不懈，前方就可能出现转机。
二、对比阅读阅读下面诗文，完成各题。
（甲）过零丁洋辛苦遭逢起一经，干戈寥落四周星。山河破碎风飘絮，身世浮沉雨打萍。惶恐滩头说惶恐，零丁洋里叹零丁。人生自古谁无死？留取丹心照汗青。（乙）鱼我所欲也①鱼，我所欲也；熊掌，亦我所欲也。二者不可得兼，舍鱼而取熊掌者也。生，亦我所欲也；义，亦我所欲也。二者不可得兼，舍生而取义者也。生亦我所欲，所欲有甚于生者，故不为苟得也；死亦我所恶，所恶有甚于死者，故患有所不辟也。如使人之所欲莫甚于生，则凡可以得生者何不用也？使人之所恶莫甚于死者，则凡可以辟患者何不为也？由是则生而有不用也，由是则可以辟患而有不为也。是故所欲有甚于生者，所恶有甚于死者。非独贤者有是心也，人皆有之，贤者能勿丧耳。②一箪食，一豆羹，得之则生，弗得则死。呼尔而与之，行道之人弗受；蹴尔而与之，乞人不屑也。万钟则不辩礼义而受之，万钟于我何加焉？为宫室之美、妻妾之奉、所识穷乏者得我与？乡为身死而不受，今为宫室之美为之；乡为身死而不受，今为妻妾之奉为之；乡为身死而不受，今为所识穷乏者得我而为之：是亦不可以已乎？此之谓失其本心。试卷第2页，共8页
（丙）杨文仲杨文仲，眉州彭山人。宝祐元年，登进士第。添差通判台州①。故事，守贰尚华侈②。正月望，取灯民间，吏以白，文仲曰：“为吾然一灯足矣。”牙契③旧额岁为钱四万缗，累政增至十六万，开告讦以求羡④。文仲曰：“希赏以扰民，吾不为也。”及元兵渡江，畿甸⑤震动，朝士多弃去者，侍从班⑥唯文仲一人而已。寻以疾改集英殿修撰⑦，知泉州。待次而卒。【注释】①添差通判台州：添差，添加的差遣；通判，官名。②守贰尚华侈：知州、通判等官员崇尚奢华。③牙契：买卖税。④开告讦以求羡：官府鼓励告密揭发以求取更多钱款。⑤畿甸：京城地区。⑥侍从班：在朝堂侍班。⑦集英殿修撰：官名。2．乙文作者孟子是家学派的代表人物之一。3．解释下列句中加点词。（1）今为所识穷乏者得．我而为之()（2）寻．以疾改集英殿修撰()4．用现代汉语翻译下列句子。是故所欲有甚于生者，所恶有甚于死者。5．下列对丙文画线句意思的理解，正确的一项是（）A．（官府）从民间索取（大量）灯笼，小吏告诉（文仲），文仲说：“为我点一盏灯笼是值得的。”
2017年上海宝山区初三二模语文试题(附答案)
2017年宝山区初三二模语文试题一、文言文（40分）（一）默写1.几处早莺争暖树，。
（白居易《钱塘湖春行》）2.，芳草萋萋鹦鹉洲。
（崔颢《黄鹤楼》）3.其切如是，_____________________________。
（袁枚《黄生借说》）4.，浓睡不消残酒。
（李清照《如梦令》）5.人知从太守乐而乐，______________________。
（欧阳修《醉翁亭记》）（二）阅读下面两首词，完成6-7题（4分）【甲】江城子密州出猎老夫聊发少年狂。
左牵黄，右擎苍。
锦帽貂裘，千骑卷平冈。
为报倾城随太守，亲射虎，看孙郎。
酒酣胸胆尚开张，鬓微霜又何妨？持节云中，何日遣冯唐？会雕弓如月，西北望，射天狼。
【乙】破阵子为陈同甫赋壮词以寄醉里挑灯看剑，梦回吹角连营。
八百里分麾下炙，五十弦翻塞外声，沙场秋点兵。
马作的卢飞快，弓如霹雳弦惊。
了却君王天下事，赢得生前身后名，可怜白发生！6．两首词的作者，依次分别是、（人名）。
（2分）7．对两首宋词理解有误的两项是（）（）（2分）A.【甲】词首句中的“狂”字，贯穿并统摄了全词。
B.【乙】词首句中的“醉”字，引出的内容都是梦境。
C．两首词都描绘了宏大激烈的战争场面。
D．两首词都表达出词人报国难酬的壮志。
（三）阅读下列文段，完成8一一10题（9分）吴广素爱人，士卒多为用者。
将尉醉，广故数言欲亡，忿恚尉，令辱之，以激怒其众。
尉果笞广。
尉剑挺，广起，夺而杀尉，陈胜佐之，并杀两尉。
召令徒属曰：“公等遇雨，皆已失期，失期当斩。
借第令毋斩，而戍死者固十六七。
且壮士不死即已，死即举大名耳，王俟将相宁有种乎！”徒属皆曰：“敬受命。
”乃诈称公子扶苏、项燕，从民欲也。
袒右，称大楚。
为坛而盟，祭以尉首。
陈胜自立为将军，吴广为都尉。
攻大泽乡，收而攻蕲。
蕲下，乃令符离人葛婴将兵徇蕲以东。
攻铚、酂、苦、柘、谯皆下之。
行收兵。
比至陈，车六七百乘，骑千余，卒数万人。
攻陈，陈守令皆不在，独守丞与战谯门中。
2023年杨浦区初三语文二模试卷含答案
2023年杨浦区初三第二学期二模试卷语文学科一、古诗文（35分）（一）默写（13分）1.________________，札札弄机杼。
（《迢迢牵牛星》）2.山光悦鸟性，________________。
（常建《题破山寺后禅院》）3.登斯楼也，________________，宠辱偕忘……（范仲淹《岳阳楼记》）4.老师引用陆游《游山西村》中的诗句“________________，________________”鼓励同学们：当人处于困境时，只要坚持不懈，前方就可能出现转机。
（二）阅读下面诗文，完成第5—11题。
（22分）（甲）过零丁洋辛苦遭逢起一经，干戈寥落四周星。
山河破碎风飘絮，身世浮沉雨打萍。
惶恐滩头说惶恐，零丁洋里叹零丁。
人生自古谁无死？留取丹心照汗青。
（乙）鱼我所欲也鱼，我所欲也；熊掌，亦我所欲也。
二者不可得兼，舍鱼而取熊掌者也。
生，亦我所欲也；义，亦我所欲也。
二者不可得兼，舍生而取义者也。
生亦我所欲，所欲有甚于生者，故不为苟得也；死亦我所恶，所恶有甚于死者，故患有所不辟也。
如使人之所欲莫甚于生，则凡可以得生者何不用也？使人之所恶莫甚于死者，则凡可以辟患者何不为也？由是则生而有不用也，由是则可以辟患而有不为也。
是故所欲有甚于生者，所恶有甚于死者。
非独贤者有是心也，人皆有之，贤者能勿丧耳。
一箪食，一豆羹，得之则生，弗得则死。
呼尔而与之，行道之人弗受；蹴尔而与之，乞人不屑也。
万钟则不辩礼义而受之，万钟于我何加焉1为宫室之美、妻妾之奉、所识穷乏者得我与？乡为身死而不受，今为宫室之美为之；乡为身死而不受，今为妻妾之奉为之；乡为身死而不受，今为所识穷乏者得我而为之：是亦不可以已乎？此之谓失其本心。
（丙）杨文仲杨文仲，眉州彭山人。
宝祐元年，登进士第。
添差通判台州①。
故事，守贰尚华侈②。
正月望，取灯民间，更以白，文仲曰：“为吾然一灯足矣。
”牙契③旧额岁为钱四万缗，累政增至十六万，开告讦以求羡④。
文仲曰：“希赏以扰民，吾不为也。
2019年上海杨浦区初三二模语文(含答案)
2019年上海杨浦区初三二模语文(含答案)(word版可编辑修改)编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（2019年上海杨浦区初三二模语文(含答案)(word版可编辑修改)）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。
同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈，这将是我们进步的源泉，前进的动力。
本文可编辑可修改，如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅，最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步，以下为2019年上海杨浦区初三二模语文(含答案)(word版可编辑修改)的全部内容。
2019年杨浦区初三二模语文试卷一、文言文阅读(共40分)(一)默写(15分）1。
昨夜江边春水生,_____________________。
（《观书有感（其二)》)2. _____________________,但余钟磬音（《题破山寺后禅院》)3。
水何澹澹, _____________________。
(《观沧海》）4.予独爱莲之___________________，___________________（《爱莲说》）5。
__________________，浮光跃金, __________________。
(《岳阳楼记》）（二)阅读古诗词，完成6—7题（4分）天净沙·秋思马致远枯藤老树昏鸦，小桥流水人家,古道西风瘦马. 夕阳西下，断肠人在天涯。
6。
曲中的“昏鸦”是指______________________________。
(2分)7。
下列对“夕阳西下”一句作用理解正确的一项是( ）(2分)A.点明流浪旅人思秋的特定时间。
B.渲染既温情又悲凉的特殊氛围。
C.使得全曲情境交融，浑然一体。
D。
烘托抒情主体怅惘若失的心绪。
（三)阅读选文,完成8—10题(9分）陈涉世家(节选)陈胜、吴广乃谋曰:“今亡亦死,举大计亦死,等死，死国可乎？”陈胜曰:“天下苦秦久矣。
上海杨浦区中考语文二模试题及答案
上海杨浦区中考语文二模试题及答案上海杨浦区2019年中考语文二模试题及答案试题预览：“学业效能实证研究”学习质量调研九年级语文学科试卷注意：本卷共有27题，请将所有答案用黑墨水钢笔或水笔写在答题纸上，否则不计分。
一、文言文（42分）（一）默写（18分）1．落红不是无情物，。
（《己亥杂诗（其五）》）2．此地一为别，。
（《送友人》）3．，病树前头万木春。
（《酬乐天扬州初逢席上见赠》）4．小桥流水人家，。
（《天净沙•秋思》）5．，出则无敌国外患者…… （《生于忧患，死于安乐》）6．沙鸥翔集，。
（《岳阳楼记》）（二）阅读《一剪梅》，完成7-8题（4分）一剪梅李清照红藕香残玉簟秋，轻解罗裳，独上兰舟。
云中谁寄锦书来？雁字回时，月满西楼。
花自飘零水自流。
一种相思，两处闲愁。
此情无计可消除。
才下眉头，却上心头。
7．“玉簟”的意思是。
（2分）8. 下列理解错误的一项是（2分）A.“独上兰舟” 突出了诗人形单影只的孤寂之感。
B. 上片虽无一个“愁”，却含蓄地表达了诗人的愁思。
[来源:]C．“才下眉头”两句把诗人的相思之苦表现得真实形象。
D.下片则是句句直抒相思与别愁，语言皆浅近明白。
（三）阅读语段，完成9-11题（8分）出师表（节选）○1臣本布衣，躬耕于南阳，不求闻达于诸侯。
先帝不以臣卑鄙，猥自枉屈，三顾臣于草庐之中，咨臣以当世之事，由是感激，遂许先帝以驱驰。
后值倾覆，受任于败军之际，奉命于危难之间，尔来二十有一年矣。
○2先帝知臣谨慎，故临崩寄臣以大事也。
受命以来，夙夜忧叹，恐托付不效，以伤先帝之明，故五月渡泸，深入不毛。
今南方已定，兵甲已足，当奖率三军，北定中原，庶竭驽钝，攘除奸凶，兴复汉室，还于旧都。
此臣所以报先帝而忠陛下之职分也。
至于斟酌损益，进尽忠言，则攸之、祎、允之任也。
9．解释下面句子加点的词（4分）（1）苟全性命于乱世（）（2）臣本布衣（）10．用现代汉语翻译下面的句子（2分）受任于败军之际，奉命于危难之间11. 第○1段引出的一个成语是；第○2段蕴含了作者怎样的思想感情？（用文中的话回答）（2分）（四）阅读下文，完成12-15题（12分）陈章侯蔑视显贵陈章侯性诞僻○1 ，好游于酒。
2017年上海宝山区初三二模语文试题（附答案）
2017年宝山区初三二模语文试题考生注意：1、本试卷共有27题。
2、请将所有答案写在答题卷的指定位置上，写在试卷上不计分。
一、文言文（40分）（一）默写（15分）1．几处早莺争暖树，_______________________________（白居易《钱塘湖春行》）2. ，芳草萋萋鹦鹉洲。
3.其切如是，______________________________________ （崔颢《黄鹤楼》）（袁枚《黄生借书说》4．，浓睡不消残酒。
（李清照《如梦令》）5．人知从太守乐而乐，______________________________（欧阳修《醉翁亭记》）（二）阅读下面两首词．完成6一一7题（4分）【甲】江城子密州出猎老夫聊发少年狂。
左牵黄，右擎苍。
锦帽貂裘，千骑卷平冈。
为报倾城随太守，亲射虎，看孙郎。
酒酣胸胆尚开张，鬓微霜又何妨？持节云中，何日遣冯唐？会雕弓如月，西北望，射天狼。
【乙】破阵子为陈同甫赋壮词以寄醉里挑灯看剑，梦回吹角连营。
八百里分麾下炙，五十弦翻塞外声，沙场秋点兵。
马作的卢飞快，弓如霹雳弦惊。
了却君王天下事，赢得生前身后名，可怜白发生！6．两首词的作者，依次分别是、（人名）。
（2分）7．对两首宋词理解有误的两项是、（2分）1A【甲】词首句中的“狂”字，贯穿并统摄了全词。
B.【乙】词首句中的“醉”字，引出的内容都是梦境。
C．两首词都描绘了宏大激烈的战争场面。
D．两首词都表达出词人报国难酬的壮志。
（三）阅读下列文段，完成8一一10题（9分）吴广素爱人，士卒多为用者。
将尉醉，广故数言欲亡，忿恚尉，令辱之，以激怒其众。
尉果笞广。
尉剑挺，广起，夺而杀尉，陈胜佐之，并杀两尉。
召令徒属曰：“公等遇雨，皆已失期，失期当斩。
借第令毋斩，而戍死者固十六七。
2017年杨浦二模试卷(校对标准答案版)
杨浦区2016学年度第二学期高三模拟质量调研英语学科试卷2017.4本试卷分为第I卷(第1-13页)和第II卷（第14页）两部分。
全卷共14页。
满分140分。
考试时间120分钟。
1.答第I卷前，考试务必将条形码粘贴在答题纸的指定区域内。
2.第I卷（1-20小题，31-70小题）由机器阅卷，答案必须全部涂写在答题卡上。
考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用铅笔涂黑。
注意试题题号和答题卡编号一一对应，不能错位。
答案需要更改时，必须将原选项用橡皮擦去，重新选择。
答案写在试卷上一律不给分。
第I卷中的第21-30小题，IV. Summary writing部分和第II卷的试题，其答案用钢笔或水笔写在答题纸的规定区域内，如用铅笔答题，或写在试卷上则无效。
第I卷（共100分）I．Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversions between two speakers. At the end of each conversion, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A.1:00p.m. B.2:03p.m.C.2:30p.m.D.2:45p.m2．A .Jon Smith isn’t in right now.B .The man dialed the wrong number.C. John Smith can’t answer the phone right now.D. The woman is busy working and can’t find John Smith.3. A. Delivering newspaper. B .Picking Fruit.C. Baby-sitting.D. Posting advertisements.4. A. At home. B. At a hair-dresser.C. In the office.D. In a library.5. A. Cook and baker. B. Waitress and diner.C. Tailor and customer.D. Boss and secretary.6 .A. The man forgot saying something about the exam.B. The man said something that annoyed Jess.C. The man didn’t care about the exam.D. The man kept talking in the exam.7. A. The boys are badly spoiled.B. The man gives them too much money.C. They should learn to manage money.D. She wants to save money for the boys.8. A. Delighted. B. Excited.C. Puzzled.D. Disappointed.9. A. Rebecca doesn’t work hard enough.B. Rebecca never falls asleep in class.C. Rebecca has a Japanese cultural background.D. Rebecca’s parents urge her to have more sleep.10. A. Cindy is satisfied with her new hair style.B. Cindy is suffering from a serious hair loss.C. Cindy found her new image unbelievably nice.D. Cindy’s hairstylist didn’t understand her requirement.Section BDirections：In Section B, you will hear several longer conversion(s) and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation (s) and the passage(s).The conversation(s) and passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only twice. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. In Sichuan province in 2013.B .In Washington, DC in 2000.C. In Washington, DC in 2013.D. In Sichuan province in 2000.12. A. She was seriously ill.B. her parents missed her too much.C. She was not accustomed to the food there.D. Pandas born outside China must come back before 4.13. A. Many US people saw her off at the airplane.B. It took her 6hours to come back home by plane.C. She was accompanied by a diplomat and doctor.D. A variety of food was prepared on the plane by Chinese zoo.Question 14 though 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. They speak too carefully.B. They don’t like foreigners.C. .They use jokes and slangD. They are poor at communication.15. A. You are as beautiful as a queen. B. No problems.C. You are serious about small matters.D. Don’t play drams.16. A. Imitate their pronunciation.B. Point out their lake of patience.C. Learn to speak internationally.D. Ask them to speak slowly and clearly.Question 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. A cell phone that had just been released.B. A cell phone whose price had just dropped.C. cell phone that the woman thought had some problems.D. A cell phone that the woman thought had some problems.18. A. He was afraid the product he wanted would be sold out soon.B. He thought that the new technology was worth the full price.C. He predicted that the prices of well-designed products would go up.D. He knew products from this company seldom offered a discount.19. A. She picked one model and bought it without hesitation.B. She was always the first one to try out latest models.C.She often consulted product reviews before purchase.D. She compared prices and bought the more expensive one.20A. Most companies overstate the function of their products.B. Different people have different values and principles.C. The man admitted that he bought the cell phone too hastily.D. The woman was more experienced in buying expensive products.II Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.I was standing in the checkout line behind a woman who looked to be in (21) ______60s. When it was her turn to pay, the cashier greeted her by name and asked her how she was doing.The woman looked down,(22) ______(shake) her head and said:“Not so good. My husband just lost job and my son is up to his old tricks again. The truth is, I don’t know how I’m going to get through the holidays.”Then she gave the cashier food stamps.My heat ached. I wanted to help but didn’t know how. (23)____ I offer to pay for her groceries or ask for her husband’s resume?As i walked into the parking lot, I saw the woman (24)_______ (return) her shopping cart. I remembered something in my purse (25)______ I thought could help her. It wasn’t a handful ofcash or an offer of a job for her husband, but maybe it would make her life better.My heart pounded as I approached the woman.“Excuse me,” I said, my voice trembling a bit. “I couldn’t help overhearing what you said to the cashier. It sounds like you’re going through a really hard time right now. I’m so sorry. I’d like to give you something.”I handed her the small card from my purse.When the woman read the card’s only two words, she began to cry. And through her tears, she said: “You have no idea (26) ____ this means to me.”I was a little startled by her reply. (27)_____ (not do) anything like this before, I didn’t know what kind of reaction I might receive. All left for me (28)______(say) was: “ Oh, Would it be OK to give you a hug?”(29)______ we embraced, I walked back to my car -- and began to cry, too.The words on the card?“You Matter.”A few weeks earlier, a colleague gave me a similar card (30) ___encouragement for a project I was working on. When I read the card, I felt a warm glow spread inside of me. Deeply touched, I came home and ordered my own box of You Matter card and started sharing them. Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Most of us learn at primary school that there are seven continents, but the next generation of kids may be adding one more to that list.According to a recent paper published in the geological society of American journal by a group of researchers, “Zealandia’’is a new continent that’s 31 beneath the ocean.Zealandia is 32 to be five million sq km. Most of this massive area is covered by water, but its highest mountains already have their own name: New Zealand.The small country is the only part of new Zealandia that isn't under water, but the paper’s authors want the huge landmass to be 33 worldwide as its own continent.‘The scientific value of classifying Zealandia as a continent is much more than just an extra name on a list,’ the researchers wrote in their paper.Scientists discovered Zealandia all the way back in 1995, then started 34 research on the area using underwater and satellite mapping 35 . After completing their work, they were finally able to write a report suggesting that Zealandia be named a continent.But who decided on what is a continent and what isn't? There is ,in fact, no official organization that does some countries teach that there are six or even five continents. This changes depending on where in the world the school is.Due to their 36 as a continuous expanse of land, some classify Europe and Asia as the same continent-known as Eurasia. Schools in Russia and parts of Eastern Europe teach this.And to making things even more confusing, France and Greece, as well as some other countries, classify North America and South American as simply America.This argument over how land is defined has even 37 into outer space. In 2006, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) decided that Pluto was no longer a planet ,met the requirements needed to be called a planet ,76 years after its 38 in 1930, experts argued that it no longer met the requirements needed to called a planet alongside the eight others in our solar system. It was therefore renamed a “dwarf planet(矮行星)”,meaning that 39 books, models and museum exhibits all over world had to be 40 .But will be the world take the same notice of new Zealandia? The best way to tell is to keep an eye on our textbooks.III .Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked a b and c fill in each blanks with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Good news for awkward teenagers around the world. As time goes by, you could 41 up like a completely different person.This comes from the longest running personality study ever 42 by scientists. According to41. A. hold B. wake C. end D. cheer42. A. carried out B. applied to C. participated in D. made up43. A. incredible B. accessible C. changeable D. recognizable44. A. assemble B. assess C. assume D. access45. A. alternative B. individual C. original D. separate46. A. score B. rate C. comment D. remark47.A. comparing B. reviewing C. presenting D. observing48. A. young B. similar C. amateur D. differentbination B. stability C. transformation D. flexibility50.A. increasingly B. strangely C. subsequently D. obviously51.A. Therefore B. Moreover C. However D. Otherwise52.A. stronger B. closer C. further D. weaker53.A. option B. sign C. symptom D. cause54.A. replaced B. exposed C. divided D. cultivated55.A. stuck in mud B. buried in sand C. lost in thought D.set in stoneS ection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)One way people are responding to food safety concerns is by going their own food. However, not everyone live on property with enough space for a private plot. One solution is community gardens, which have become popular worldwide, numbering 1,000 in North America alone. In addition to providing low-cost, delicious food, these public spaces offer cities a range of other benefits.Community gardens are located in a town or city and tended by local residents. Often, the land is on a vacant lot owned by the city. The site is divided into manageable plots, which may be tended by individuals or by the garden’s members collectively. Since the land is usually publicly owned, the cost for gardeners to lease it is minimal. In fact, New York City, which is home to more than 750 community gardens tended by more than 20,000 members, charges people just $1 a year to lease a plot. Other costs involve soil, tools, seeds, fencing, and so on. However, because they’ve shared by many people, individual gardeners pay very littleA community garden can quickly pay off, in terms of delicious fruits vegetables, in addition be beautiful flowers. Excess produce can be sold for a profit at farmers markets. But a garden’sbenefits don’t stop there. They also beautify cities, foster strong relationships among residents, and lower an area’s crime rate. Award-winning spaces like London’s Culpeper Community Garden even attract tourists. Beautiful and affordable, community gardens are often described as oases in crowded cities.56. Community gardens are designed for those whoA. are concerned about food safetyB. live in a house with a private plotC. can’t afford to buy organic foodD. don’t have their own property57. New York CityA. is owned by 20,000 individual gardensB. charges residents a lot to lease tools and fencingC. contains more than 750 community gardensD. is tended by professional gardeners and local residents58. What’s the benefit of community gardens?A. People can enjoy safe and delicious vegetables and animal meat.B. Residents are more familiar and related with each other.C. The neighborhood is becoming safer but of lower taste.D. People can make some Profits from the visiting tourists.59. The understood word “oases” is closest in meaning toA. cultural and art centers B, popular platforms for exchangesC. peaceful and safe landsD. commercial and prosperous places（B）African SafariEssential information you need to know before booking your African Safari in Southern Africa-These tips will enhance The experience that you have Things to Consider Before Booking an African Safari1)Book in AdvanceAfrican Safaris are now hugely popular and good safari camps often get booked out more than a year in advance, especially during the high season from July through to October. Show more... 2）Choosing which game parkDifferent parks have different topography and weather patterns -this greatly affects animal movements at different times of the year. If you want to target certain species of animals, then some parks are better than others for certain species. Show more...3)Choosing which lodge or safari campA typical safari camp has between 10 and 20 beds, it is an intimate safari experience and very personalised. However, there are also hotels in some places, either inside or just outside a national park, which can sleep anything up to 300people. Show more...4)GuidingThe quality, experience and knowledge of the game guides at any Safari camp is almost the most important factor to consider. Good guides can transform your experience from ordinary to exceptional. Show more...5)What’s the Best Time of Year to go on SafariUnderstandably as the seasons change so does the safari experience. It is highly advisable to find out the best time of year for the safari area that you are intending to visit Prices will change dramatically between the high and the low season, so good deals are to be had in the low season but it is important to know the difference, as your experience will be vastly different. Show more...6)The PricesGoing on Safari is not cheap whichever way you do it, but the price range can be enormous. Unfortunately, safaris in most cases a case of “you pay for what you get”. Show more...7)Fly-in safari or notUsing small charter planes is sometimes an absolute necessity for camps in remote areas, where road transfers are just not practical or viable. These flights can increase the overall cost of the safari substantially but generally they are worth it and allow you the flexibility to visit a variety of safari camps in different locations. Show more...8)Use an AgentAs you can see from all the information and options detailed above, there is great deal tounderstand and unless you go on safari several times a year it is impossible to know all this stuff. Show more...CONTACT US NOW TO HELP YOU PLAN YOUR SAFARIWe are qualified travel agents who know this area intimately!Click on the below buttons for some fantastic safari ideas60.Which is a determining factor in choosing a Safari camp?A.Means of transport.B.Accommodation.C. Weather patterns.D. Game guides61.John is planning to have an African Safari in August 2018. He should book it in ____.A.July 2018B.January 2018C.July 2017D.October 201762.Which of the following is FALSE about African Safari?A.You can have a good price but same experience if you travel in low season.B.If you visit different camps in remote areas, flights may be unavoidable.C.The more money you pay, the better experience you’ll get.D.Not all the parks have the same species of animals.(C)A busy brain can mean a hungry body. We often seek food after focused mental activity, like preparing for an exam. Researchers think that heavy bouts of thinking drain energy from the brain. Whose capacity to store fuel is very limited.So the brain, sensing that it may soon require more calories to keep going, apparently stimulates bodily hunger, and even though there has been little in the way of physical movement or caloric expenditure, we eat. This process may partly account for the weight gain so commonly seen in college students.Scientists at the University of Alabama at Birmingham and another institution recently experimented with exercise to counter such post-study food binges.Gary Hunter, an exercise physiologist at U.A.B., oversaw the study, which was published this month in the journal Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. Hunter notes that strenuous activity both increases the amount of blood sugar and lactate(乳酸盐) — a byproduct of intense muscle contractions（收缩）— circulating in the blood and augments blood flow to the head. Because the brain uses sugar and lactate as fuel, researchers wondered if the increased flow of fuel-rich blood during exercise could feed an exhausted brain and reduce the urge to overeat.Thirty--eight healthy college students were invited to U.A.B.’s exercise lab to report what their favorite pizza was. At a later date, the volunteers returned and spent 20 minutes tackling selections from college and graduate--school entrance exams. Next, half the students sat quietly for 15 minutes, before being given pizza. The rest of the volunteers spent those 15 minutes doing intervals on a treadmill: two minutes of hard running followed by about one minute of walking, repeated five times. Hunter says, that should prompt the release of sugar and lactate into the bloodstream. These students were then allowed to gorge on pizza, too. But by and large, they did not overeat. In fact, the researchers calculated that the exercisers consumed about 25 fewer calories than they did during their baseline session. The non-exercisers, however, consumed about 100 calories more.The study has limitations, of course. We only looked at lunch, Hunter says; the researchers do not know if the runners consumed extra calories at dinner. They also cannot tell whether other types of exercise would have the same effect as running although Hunter says they suspect that if an activity causes someone to break into a sweat, it should also increase blood sugar and lactate, feeding the brain and weakening hunger’s call.63.According to the passage, ____may cause many college students to overeat and gain weight.A.A lot of energy-consuming mental activitiesB.Numerous physical movements or calorie burningC.Failure to resist the temptation of delicious foodD.Bodily hunger caused by physical growth64.The underlined word “counter” is closest in meaning to ___.A.StimulateB.MaximizeC.BalanceD.Prevent65.What can be inferred from the passage?A.Running is more beneficial than walking.B.Sweating in exercise can make people hungrierC.The amount of blood sugar and lactate can affect people’s appetite.D.When the brain feels exhausted, people tend to do exercise for relaxation.66.Which of the following statements is FALSE?A.Mental activities can make people feel hungry.B.Physical exercise can make people refreshed and stay hungry.C.Sugar and lactate can help energize and restore people’s brain.D.It’s uncertain what types of exercise can effectively feed the brain.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Self-talk helps us allTalking to yourself may seem a little shameful. If you’ve ever been overheard criticizing yourself for a foolish mistake or practicing a speech, you’ll know the social problems it can cause.67But there’s no need for embarrassment. Talking to ourselves, whether out loud or silently in our head, is -valuable. Far from being a sign of insanity, self-talk allows us to plan what we are going to do, manage our activities and control our emotions.For example, take a trip to any preschool and watch a small girl playing with her toys. Your are very likely to hear her talking to herself: offering herself directions and talking about her problems.68 We do a lot of it when we are young.As according to the Russian Psychologist Lev Vygotsky, we use private speech to control our actions in the same way that we use public speech to control the behavior of others. As we grow older, we keep this system inside.Psychological experiments have shown that this so-called inner speech can improve our performance in tasks like telling what other people are thinking. Our words give us an interesting view of our actions. One recent study suggested that self-talk is most effective when we talk to ourselves in the second person: as “you” rather than “I”.69 if you want proof, turn on sports channel. You’re sure to see an athlete shouting at himself or herself.Talking to ourselves seems to be a very good way of solving problem and working through ideas. Hearing different points of view means our thoughts can end up in different places, just like a regular dialogue, and might turn out to be one of the keys to human creativity.Both kinds of self-talk – silent and out loud – seem to bring many different benefits to our thinking. 70 .IV. Summery WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.For thousands of years, people have across the oceans to trade, explore, and transport goods. However ,not every ship arrives at its port of destination. Weather, war, navigation mistakes, and bad luck have caused many ships to sink to the bottom of the ocean. These shipwrecks, which are estimated to number more than three million, have long fascinated us. In addition to being historically important, they sometimes contain great riches.Historical research is a key motivator for shipwreck hunters. Ships carrying documents and artifacts can teach us about ancient civilizations and important events. For instance, in 1977 the Pandora, which sank in 791, was discovered off the coast of Australia. The findings from the ship helped us understand the events surrounding the famous mutiny(暴动) on another ship—the Bounty. Another important discovery of the US coast is 1996 is widely believed to be the Queen Ann’s Revenge, the flagship of the private Blackbeard.Profit is another motive for shipwreck exploration, as companies use advanced sonar, robots, and retrieval equipment to find treasure ships. One such firm is Odyssey Marine Exploration. The company has found hundreds of ships, including, in 2007, Spanish sailing ship containing 500,000 silver coins. The ship, which sank 200 years ago in the Atlantic Ocean, Carried a treasure estimated to be worth $500 million. Soon after the discovery, a long legal battle over ownership rights tool place between the company and the Spanish government. Cases like these are part of an ongoing debates about protecting historically important ships from treasure hunters.________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________60第II卷（共46分）I TranslationDirections: Translation the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.新颁布的禁烟令得到了广大市民的支持。
2022年上海市杨浦区中考二模语文试卷(word版含答案)
2021-2022学年上海市杨浦区九年级第二学期中考适应性训练（一）语文学科试卷2022.6一、古诗文（36 分）（一）默写（12分）1._____________，洪波涌起。
（曹操《观沧海》）2.几处早莺争暖树，___________________。
（白居易《钱塘湖春行》）3.知困。
_____________。
（《礼记·虽有嘉肴》）4.但愿人长久，_____________。
（苏轼《水调歌头》）5.临近毕业，小李用《<论语>十二章》中孔子的话“_____________，_____________”鼓励同学们坚守志向，迎接挑战。
（二）阅读下面诗文，完成6-11题。
（24分）（甲）过零丁洋文天祥辛苦遭逢起一经，干戈寥落四周星。
山河破碎风飘絮，身世浮沉雨打萍。
惶感滩头说憧恐，零丁洋里叹零丁。
人生自古谁无无？留取丹心照汗青。
（乙）曹刿论战（节选）《左传》十年春，齐师伐我。
公将战，曾刿请见。
其乡人曰：“肉食者谋之，又何间焉？”判曰：“肉食者鄙，未能远谋。
”乃入见。
问：“何以战？”公曰：“衣食所安，弗敢专也，必以分人。
”对日：“小惠未遍，民弗从也。
”公司：“牺牡玉帛，弗敢加也，必以信。
”对曰：“小信未乎，神弗福也。
”公曰：“小大之狱，虽不能察，必以情。
”对曰：“忠之属也。
可以一战。
战则请从。
”（丙）谢翱传（节选）宋濂①谢翱，字皋羽，福之长溪①人。
父钥，著《春秋衍义》《左氏辨证》传于时。
翱世②其学，有大节，会．丞相文天祥开府延平③，长揖军门④，著咨事参军。
②及宋亡，天祥被执以死，翱悲不能禁，只影行浙水东。
严有子陵台，孤绝千丈。
翱抉酒以登，设天祥主⑤荒亭隅，弄拜跪伏。
酹⑥毕，号而恸者三，复再拜，悲思不可遏，乃以竹如意击石，竹石俱碎。
元乙末，以肺疾作而死。
年四十七。
③赞曰：翱一布衣尔．．．，未尝有爵位于朝，徒以被天祥之知，翱不负天祥，肯背国藏？翱盖天下之士也。
（选自《宋濂散文选集》有删节）【注释】①长溪：福建省霞浦县。
【精品】2017届上海市黄浦区初三二模语文试卷及答案【精校word版】【全网首发】
2017届黄浦初三二模语文试卷含答案2017年4月（满分150分，考试时间100分钟）考生注意：1．本试卷共27题。
2．请将所有答案做在答题纸的指定位置上，做在试卷上一律不计分。
一、文言文（40分）（一）默写（15分）1．，芳草萋萋鹦鹉洲。
（《黄鹤楼》）2．雨前初见花间蕊，。
（《雨晴》）3．东边日出西边雨，。
（《竹枝词》）4．，皆叹惋。
（《桃花源记》）5．无丝竹之乱耳，。
（《陋室铭》）（二）阅读下面的词，完成第6—7题（4分）如梦令昨夜雨疏风骤，浓睡不消残酒。
试问卷帘人，却道海棠依旧。
知否，知否？应是绿肥红瘦。
6．词中“试问卷帘人”的“试”字表达了作者心理。
（2分）7．以下与“知否，知否？应是绿肥红瘦”不同，没有使用设问手法的一项是（2分）A．卖炭得钱何所营？身上衣裳口中食。
B．岱宗夫如何？齐鲁青未了。
C．自送别，心难舍，一点相思几时绝？凭阑袖拂杨花雪。
D．天下事有难易乎？为之，则难者亦易矣；不为，则易者亦难矣。
（三）阅读下文，完成第8—10题（9分）曹刿论战（节选）公与之乘。
战于长勺。
公将鼓之。
刿曰：“未可。
”齐人三鼓，刿曰：“可矣。
”齐师败绩，公将驰之。
刿曰：“未可。
”下视其辙，登轼而望之，曰：“可矣。
”遂逐齐师。
既克，公问其故。
对曰：“夫战，勇气也。
一鼓作气，再而衰，三而竭；彼竭我盈，故克之。
夫大国，难测也，惧有伏焉；吾视其辙乱，望其旗靡，故逐之。
”8．《曹刿论战》选自《》，此书相传是（朝代）左丘明所作。
（2分）9．用现代汉语翻译文中画线句。
（3分）下视其辙，登轼而望之10．节选部分，鲁庄公的浅陋无知表现在战时和战后两方面。
（4分）（四）阅读下文，完成第11—13题（12分）明帝说日晋明帝①数岁，坐元帝膝上。
有人从长安来，元帝问洛下②消息，潸然流涕。
明帝问：“何以致泣？”具以东渡意③告之。
因问明帝：“汝意谓长安何如日远？”答曰：“日远。
不闻人从日边来，居然④可知。
”元帝异之。
明日，集群臣宴会，告以此意，更重问之。
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..WORD完美格式.. ..专业知识编辑整理.. 2016年上海市杨浦区中考语文二模试题及答案 （满分150分 考试时间100分） 2016年4月
一、文言文阅读（共40分) （一）默写（15分） 1、辛苦遭逢起一经， 。 （《过零丁洋》） 2、 ，回车叱牛牵向北。 （《卖炭翁》） 3、孤村落日残霞， 。 （《天净沙·秋》） 4、 ，前人之述备矣。 （《岳阳楼记》） 5、稍出近之， ， 。 （《黔之驴》）
（二）阅读【甲】【乙】两首词，完成第6---7题（4分） 【甲】 少年不识愁滋味，爱上层楼。爱上层楼，为赋新词强说愁。 而今识尽愁滋味，欲说还休。欲说还休，却道天凉好个秋。 【乙】 醉里挑灯看剑，梦回吹角连营。八百里分麾下炙，五十弦翻塞外声。沙场秋点兵。 ..WORD完美格式.. ..专业知识编辑整理.. 马作的卢飞快，弓如霹雳弦惊。了却君王天下事，赢得生前身后名。可怜白发生！ 6、请指出【甲】【乙】两首词的一个相同之处（不涉及内容方面）。（2分）
7、下面对两首词的理解恰当的一项是（ ） （2分） A、甲词以“时间”为线索，用语虽平易浅显，表达的情感却深沉蕴藉。 B、乙词将梦境和现实对比，表达作者无限的感慨，悲愤之情跃然纸上。 C、两词均以秋季为背景，营造萧瑟的氛围，烘托词人愁苦悲愤的心境。 D、两词题材不同，塑造的人物形象不同，因而词人表达的情感也不同。
（三）阅读【甲】【乙】两选文，完成第8-----10题（9分） 【甲】于是入朝见威王，曰：“臣诚知不如徐公美。臣之妻私臣，臣之妾畏臣，臣之客欲有求于臣，皆以美于徐公。今齐地方千里，百二十城，宫妇左右莫不私王，朝廷之臣莫不畏王，四境之内莫不有求于王：由此观之，王之蔽甚矣。” （《邹忌讽秦王纳谏》） 【乙】孟子谓齐宣王曰：“王之臣，有托其妻子于其友而之楚游者。比其反也，则冻馁(něi )其妻子，则如之何？”王曰：“弃之。”曰：“士师不能治士，则如之何？”王曰：“已之。”曰：“四境之内不治，则如之何？”王顾左右而言他。 （《王顾左右而言他》） 8、甲文选自《 》一书，乙文作者是 家的代表人物之一。（2分） 9、（1）下列与“臣之妻私臣”中的“之”用法相同的一项是（ ）（2分） A．由此观之 B．王之蔽甚矣 C．有托其妻子于其友而之楚游者 D．四境之内不治 （2）用现代汉语翻译下面的句子。（2分） ..WORD完美格式.. ..专业知识编辑整理.. 今齐地方千里，百二十城，宫妇左右莫不私王。
10、围绕邹忌和孟子向两位齐王的进谏，下列说法错误的一项是（ ） （3分） A．邹忌和孟子的进谏，都以小见大，以己及人，说理层层推进，尽显思维的严谨。 B．邹忌和孟子的进谏，都采用类比推理的方法，委婉含蓄，显示了他们的智慧。 C．邹忌和孟子的进谏，都提出了对秦王的批评意见，体现了他们的胆识和智慧 D．邹忌和孟子的进谏，都意在提醒秦王，要及时纠正不足，尽心治理好国家。
（四）阅读下文，完成第11----14题 （12分） 赵简子举兵而攻齐，令军中有敢谏者罪至死。被甲之士，名曰公卢，望见简子大笑。简子曰：“子何笑？”对曰：“臣乃有宿笑①。”简子曰：“有以解之则可②，无以解之则死。”对曰：“当桑③之时，臣邻家夫与妻俱之田，见桑中女，因往追之，不能得，还反，其妻怒而去之，臣笑其旷也。”简子曰：“今吾伐国失国，是吾旷④也。”于是罢师而归。——选自《说苑卷九·正谏》 【注释】①宿笑：隔夜犹存的笑料。指不久前发生的笑话。②有以解之则可：如果能够解释清楚这个笑话就算了。③桑：采桑，作动词用。④旷：荒废，也指失职。 11、解释加点字。 （4分） （1）赵简子举兵而攻齐（ ） （2）于是罢师而归（ ） 12、下列对“令军中有敢谏者罪至死”一句翻译正确的一项是（ ） （2分） A．下令说，军队中如果有人敢来劝谏的，将处以死罪。 B．在军队中下令，有敢于劝谏的人，其罪名可到死罪。 C．下令说，军队中如果有敢劝谏的，将按罪论处到死。 ..WORD完美格式.. ..专业知识编辑整理.. D．下令军队，去处死那些敢于向赵简子直言进谏的人。 13、公卢讲述的笑话中，丈夫的“旷”表现在 ； 而赵简子通过笑话的启示，认识到自己的“旷”是在 。 （均用自己的话概括）（4分） 14、下列是从文中得到的启示，不恰当的一项是（ ）（2分） A．做事不能不计后果，要懂得瞻前顾后，三思后行。 B．只看到眼前利益，而没有权衡利弊，是谓不理智。 C．人不能贪得无厌，要懂得知足，懂得知足者常乐。 D．做人做事要从善如流，虚心听取别人的正确的意见。
二、现代文阅读（40分） （一）阅读下文，完成第15-18题（18分） 学会赏识 ①赏识，是一个人心境磊落、视野舒朗的表现;也是一个人才智敏锐，气度从容的凸现。赏识，是为人之道，不懂赏识，不愿赏识，人与人之间往往就多了一份挑剔，少了一份欣赏;多了一份苛求，少了一份呵护。于是乎就像医生对患者一样，执着的“诊断”他人身上的不足、过失、缺点、毛病和错误，于是乎便有了冷眼、批评、讽刺以致呵斥，最终结出的苦果便是信任的折损、亲和力的丧失…… ②人人都应该学会赏识，须知“人性最深层的需求就是渴望别人的欣赏”（威廉.杰姆斯语）。而且随着阅历的增加，这种“渴望”会变得更加深沉而炽烈。你的一个信任的 ..WORD完美格式.. ..专业知识编辑整理.. 微笑、一个肯定的颔首、一个激励的眼神、一句鼓舞人心的话语，可以为他人驱散积聚在心底的自卑的阴影，可以为他人找回失落已久的宝贵的自尊，可以为他人校正前进的方向，可以为他人唤醒早已尘封的潜质、潜能，可以为他人诱发心中创作冲动的萌芽。 ③赏识在于心态的调整，赏识生长在自由和谐的空气里，生长在亲切平视的目光中。赏识弃绝“祖师爷”和“裁判官”的心理羁绊，以平和宽广的心境、宽厚接纳的态度，去聆听灵魂深处质朴纯彻的心语，去捕捉稍纵即逝的创作灵光。 ④赏识在于角度的转换，万事万物，各有其长;远近高低，各呈其姿。于人于物，其正面或许并非那样靓丽可人，其侧面则可能是一幅优美的剪影;或者其外表还是稚嫩、丑陋、拙笨、顽劣的壳，其内部蕴含的却是成熟、美丽、新异、灵动的核，我们何妨换个角度看一看，何妨拐个弯子想一想? ⑤赏识在于标准的择取，美丑、好坏、优劣、成败、是非都是相比较而存在的。追求崇高和完美本无可厚非，但苛求崇高和完美则大可怀疑。用神的标准测量凡人，用完美的标准去审度他人，赏识便会失去家园。只要我们降低一些标准去看待他人，值得赏识的东西便会扑面而来：闪光的道德、妙异的智慧、纯美的人情…… ⑥赏识不是单向的施舍，是智慧与智慧的主动碰撞;赏识不是别有用心的廉价恭维，而是对一种相对价值的公正认可;赏识不是谀词满口的鄙俗奉承，而是对事物固有魅力力的真诚接纳。 ⑦学会赏识吧，这样，你的胸襟才更显得博大，灵魂才更趋于崇高;拥有赏识吧，这样，世界便获得了求真、求美、求善的不竭动力！（有删改）
15、（1）根据文章写作思路。下列对文章层次划分最恰当的一项是（ ）（2分） A.①/②/③④⑤/⑥⑦ B.①/②③④⑤⑥/⑦ ..WORD完美格式.. ..专业知识编辑整理.. C.①②/③④⑤⑥/⑦ D.①②/③④⑤/⑥⑦ （2）请简析①段在文中的作用（5分） ① ； ② ； ③ 。 16、第③段和第④段的位置能否互换，为什么？（4分）
17、美国柯达公司在制造感光材料时，需要有人在暗室工作，他们大胆启用盲人，提高了工作效率，并给公众留下了不拘一格“重用人才”的印象，一批高水平专业人才争先恐后到柯达公司效力。 以上文字适合放在第 段充当事实论据，理由是 （4分） 18、以下对文本的理解错误的一项是（ ）（3分） A、本文的中心论点是“人人都应该学会赏识”。 B、本文主要采用对比论证、引用论证两种论证方法。 C、结尾段在文中起到发出号召并总结全文的作用。 D、文中“诊断”“渴望”“祖师爷”引号的作用相同。
（二）阅读下文，完成第19-23题（22分） 鼓神 王雁 ..WORD完美格式.. ..专业知识编辑整理.. ①那一年冬天,我流落到陕西省略阳县。这里地处秦岭腹地,山高坡陡民穷,是李白为之嗟吁的蜀道第一关。因为生意亏了本，我流连在这里,贩点山货倒点野味,甚是凄惶可怜,甚至到了春节年关还不敢作归乡的打算。 ②春节的气氛越来越浓,鞭炮声鼓锣声从街巷小院传来,听得人心烦意乱,无奈中，我裹掖着衣服离开县城走向一个熟悉的小山村。谁知这里也在操练鼓锣作春节上街游行的准备。既然躲不掉就留下来听听吧。于是我就混在一帮老头婆姨姑娘小孩子中间看着坝中十来个中青年汉子把鼓锣敲得震天价响。 ③敲打锣鼓的汉子们敦实威风,这些平时在山中辛苦刨食的人此时一个个精神抖擞,红光满面,卖着狂傲,逞着威风,显得不可一世。这气氛使我这个异乡人感到更加的凄惶悲哀,孤独孑孑。我准备悄悄地离开。正在这时,敲打大鼓的壮汉把双槌一收,抹一下额上的汗水,用眼光把人群扫了一遍,最后目光定在我身边的一个瘦老头身上,说：“张伯,你来玩一把。”“别,别……”,这个叫张伯的老头既瘦弱又邋遢,穿着一件破旧的黑布棉袄,双手操在袖筒中甚是羞惑地直往后退。我感到他也是像我一样的怕过年的落魄人。但姑娘媳妇们却揪住他往前推搡,说：“鼓神,来一个!”打鼓的汉子一脸虔诚，把有如婴儿手臂粗的双槌直往他面前送,那些打小鼓腰鼓铜锣铜钹的后生们也满脸殷殷地望着他……这倒引起了我的好奇。 ④可能感到再也推辞不了，张伯突然像运气似的抡了抡手臂，脱袄，仍衣，大步流星，就站稳在了大鼓前。他拉开架势,将双槌高擎过头,布满皱纹和胡茬的脸上突然焕发豪气万丈，一个在黄土中长大的像黄土一般普通的汉子忽然间像天神降临高耸在鼓阵中间；一个在群山中滚爬像山石一样平凡的山民一瞬间如金刚发威挺立在群峰之上。.他的眼睛充满光辉,脸上透出神圣,在轻敲几下鼓沿后,双臂猛一挥,一声石破天惊的巨响倏地刺进了我的耳膜和心脏,接着小鼓铜锣一起轰鸣,一股原始混沌的神秘冲动和古老意念