新版人教版八年级英语下册第一单元知识点
2014年初二下单元知识点
Unit 1 What’s the matter?
一．知识要点。
1.询问身体状况。What’s the matter with you? Wha t’s your trouble? Wha t’s wrong with you? What’s up? (用于询问某人有什么病或某人遇到什么麻烦、问题其后跟询问对象时，与介词with连用)How are you feeling now? Are you feeling better today?
回答身体病痛：have a sore throat 患喉咙痛have a sore back 患背痛have a fever 发烧have a cold =catch a cold 患感冒have a stomachache 患胃痛have a toothache患牙痛have a headache 患头痛have a backache患背痛
2. There is something wrong with the one’s + 身体部位。
3. 反身代词的用法：myself ourselves yourself yourselves himself herself itself themselves
跟主语一致：The child can dress himself. (作宾语) Mrs. Black herself is a teacher. (作同位语)
Just be yourself. (作表语)
固定短语：teach oneself sth (自学) learn sth by oneself （自学）enjoy oneself （玩的开心）help oneself to sth（随
便吃什么）say to oneself（自言自语）introduce oneself (自我介绍)
4. too much + 不可数名词too many+ 可数名词much too + 形容词或副词
5. enough water old enough ( 名前形、副后)
6. lie down and rest lie – lay—lain lying lie还有撒谎的意思。它的过去式为lied . rest = have a rest
7. maybe “或许”，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。Maybe you are right.
may be，是情态动词+be的结构，意为“可能，也许”，后加名词、代词或形容词。He may be angry.
8. sound like+名词代词和从句：It sounds like you don’t know the truth. It sounds like a good idea.
sound+形容词，“听起来，好像”，The music sounds nice.
9. need 需要，实义动词need+名词，需要某物；
need to do sth.需要做某事，主语通常是人，表示人主动的动作：You need to listen carefully during class.
need doing sth.主语通常是物，表示被动的动作：Your dirty clothes need washing.
needn’t = don’t have to 没有必要mustn’t 不准
must ,need 引导的疑问句肯定回答用must.否定回答用needn’t 或don’t have to 如：—Must I finish my homework now? —No, you ______. You can go home now. A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D. can’t
10.go to a doctor = see a doctor see a dentist = go to a dentist
11. see sb do sth see sb doing sth (感官动词的用法，看见某人做过某事用原形，看见某人正在做某事用现在分词) 这
样的词语有：hear, listen to , look at, watch , feel, find
12. get off get on get over( 克服) get on/ along well with 和某人相处得好，get up 起床get back 取回
13. to one’s surprise 令某人惊奇的是in surprise 惊奇地be surprised to do sth 做某事感到惊奇地be surprised at
sth 对.....感到惊奇地
14. agree with sb agree to （do）sth agree on 达成一致意见15. Thanks to = because of
16. in time 及时on time 准时17. right away = right now = at once
18. get into trouble 造成麻烦be in trouble 处于困难当中make trouble制造麻烦have trouble / difficulties (in) doing sth
做某事有困难
19. advice [不可数名词]劝告，建议，向…征求意见，give sb. advice on sth.就某事给某人建议；advise [动词] advise sb.
to do sth. advise doing sth give sb advice on sth 就某事给某人建议
20. hurt 及物动词，使……疼痛，……受伤，He hurt his leg while exercising. 不及物动词，……（部位）疼。His leg hurt badly.
21. hit （用手或器具）打；击打The boy hit the dog with a stone.hit sb. on the head/ nose/ back打某人的头、鼻子、后背，on用在所打较硬的部位；hit sb. in the face/ eye/ stomach 打某人的脸、眼睛、肚子，in用在所打较软的部位。
22. be used to sth./ doing sth.习惯于、适应了……、做某事，强调状态；His grandpa was used to country life.
Mary is not used to getting up early in the morning. get/ become used to sth./ doing sth. “变得习惯，逐渐适应……”强调过程、动作：It’s difficult for one to get used to another country’s habit.be used to do sth= be used for doing sth 被用来做..... used to do sth 过去常常做......
23. free [形容词]空闲的free time；免费的the drink is for free；自由的I want to become a free bird.
free【动词】使……解脱，得到自由He could not free his arm.
24.. run out用完，用尽When his water run out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life.
物sth. run out. 某物用尽了。人sb. run out of物sth..人用尽了某物。He run out of all his money last night.
25.fall down 摔倒，fall off 从..... 掉下来fall in love with 爱上...... fall asleep 熟睡fall into 掉进fall behind 落后
26. risk (sb.) to do sth. 冒险去做某事take a risk=take risks 冒险
27. the importance of (doing) sth.（做）某事的重要性
We students should know the importance of (learning) English. importance n. 重要（性），important adj.重要的，unimportant adj.
28. be in the control of …掌管，管理The headmaster is in the control of this new school.
be out of control无法控制，无法管理be under control被控制住，在控制之中
29. mind意为，mind doing sth., Would you mind my opening the window?
30. give up (doing) sth.=stop doing sth 放弃（做）某事，give up (playing) computer games；give up后可接名词、代词和动词ing 形式，也可不接，如Never give up easily.
give in 屈服give out 分发give back 归还
31. be interested in = have /take an interest in 对... 感到兴趣places of interest 名胜lost interest in 失去兴趣32.one of the exciting things one of the + 形容词+ 名词复数33. almost = nearly 几乎hardly 几乎不
34. on that day 具体的某一天35. his own life own 的前面用所有格
36. mean doing sth 意味着做某事mean to do sth 打算做某事What does .... mean? What’s the meaning of ... 的意思
37. make decisions = make a decision = make up one’s ming = decide to do sth 决定做某事
38.keep on doing sth 坚持做某事keep sth + adj 保持某物某种状态
39.find sb do sth find sb doing sth find it + adj + to do sth (发现做某事怎样) find it difficult / hard to do sth （发现做某事很难）40. feel sick 生病；不舒服
sick /ill adj. 生病的(1) sick adj.“生病的”，既可放be (系动词)后作表语，也可放n.前作定语。
be sick of …“讨厌；厌恶……”sick person = patient“病人”
(2) ill adj.“生病的”，只能放be (系动词)后作表语，be ill in hospital 生病ill → illness n.“病；疾病”
41. so that 以至于目的状语so ... that 结果状语
so + adj ( a/an + n) that 从句He is so cute (a boy) that we all like him.
so+ little/much + 不可数名词that 从句He had so little education that he was unfit for this job.
so + few / many + 名词复数that 从句He had so many falls that he was black and blue all over.
There were so many people in the street watching the fire that firefighters could not get close to the building.
such + a/an + adj + 名词单数that 从句He is such a clever boy that everybody likes him.
such + adj +名词复数/不可数名词that 从句He has made such great progress that the teachers are pleased with him.
二．重点短语。
1.have a fever 发烧
2. have a cough 咳嗽
3. have a toothache 牙疼
4. talk too much 说得太多
5. drink enough water 喝足够的水
6. have a cold 受凉;感冒
7. have a stomachache 胃疼8. have a sore back 背疼9. have a sore throat 喉咙痛
10. lie down and rest 躺下来休息11. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶12. see a dentist 看牙医
13. get an X-ray 拍X 光片14. take one’ s temperature 量体温15. put some medicine on sth. 在上面敷药
16. feel very hot 感到很热17. sound like 听起来像18. all weekend 整个周末
19. in the same way 以同样的方式20. go to a doctor 看医生21. go along 沿着……走
22. on the side of the road 在马路边23. shout for help 大声呼救24. without thinking twice 没有多想
25. get off 下车26. have a heart problem 有心脏病27. to one’ s surprise 使....... [京讶的
28. thanks to 多亏了；由于29. in time 及时30. save a life 挽救生命
31. get into trouble 造成麻烦32. right away 立刻；马上33. because of 由于
34. get out of 离开;从……出萍35. hurt oneself 受伤36. put a bandage on sth. 用绷带包扎
37. fa ll down 摔倒38. feel sick 感到恶心39. have a nosebleed 流鼻血
40. cut his knee 割伤他的膝盖41. put her head back 把她的头向后仰42. have problems breathing 呼吸困难
43. mountain climbing 登山运动44. be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事45. run out (of) 用完;用尽
46. so that 以便47. so. . . that 如此… …以至于…48. be in control of 掌管;管理
49. in a difficult situation 在闲境屮50. keep on doing sth. 继续或坚持做某事51. make a decision 做出决定
52. take risks 冒险53. give up 放弃
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