38.过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语
过去分词作定语及表语新
过去分词作定语和表语一．过去分词构成及意义：A watched pot never boils. 心急锅不开①There only seemed to be powders designed to kilt snakes.②I placed the frozen bowl over the snakes’ habitat.③The criteria are so strict that it is difficult to get new ideas.过去分词短语：可以带有自己的宾语或被状语修饰。
过去分词的否定式：not /never+v-ed过去分词的意义：一般表示完成和被动的动作。
补充：1. Given more time, I could have done it better.1及物动词的-ed形式通常带有被动完成意义或被动一般意义。
2. We should bring in advanced technology from developed countries.②不及物动词的-ed形式仅表示完成意义，没有被动含义。
•过去分词作定语、表语、宾语补足语的功能：（一）、.过去分词做定语：1.前置定语：单个过去分词后置定语：过去分词短语①The lost time can never be found again.②Is there anything planned for tonight.that are planned for tonight.注：有时表强调或left等单个动词-ed也能后置①The book left(剩余的书)are for my students.②Among those invited(被邀请的人)were some ladies.Young people brought up in the new society can’t imagine the bitter life in the old days.作定语时可用定语从句代替He is a respected leader.= He is a leader__________________.Young people brought up in the new society can’t imagine the bitter life in the old days. = Yong people ______________________________________can’t imagine the bitter life in the old days.口诀：分词做定语的位置“定分”位置有二条，词前词后定分晓。
过去分词作定语表语和宾补
Learning about Language
过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语
【探究寻规】
用所给动词的正确形式填空, 并指出其在句中所作的成分。
①The criteria are so strict that it is difficult to get new ideas accepted (accept) unless they are truly novel. (作宾语补足语 ) ________ interested (interest) in helping deaf ②So Alexander became_________ people communicate and in deaf education. ( 作表语 ) fallen (fall) leaves covered the whole road. ( 作定语 ) ③The _____
3. (2013· 杭州高二检测 )Most companies’ marketing effort is
focused on getting customers, with little attention
keeping them. A. paying C. paid B. to pay D. having paid
被动关系 , 故选 C。现在分词 reminding 表示和宾语之间是逻
辑上的主动关系 ; to remind 为不定式的主动形式 , 表将来 , remind是动词原形, 在句中作谓语, 不能作定语。
4. (2011· 浙 江 高 考 )Even the best writers sometimes find themselves A. lose C. to lose for words. B. lost D. having lost
过去分词作定语表语和宾补解析
易错误区: 选项A selecting, 表示与所修饰词之间为主动关系。 有些同学误选A, 认为select这一动作的发出者是The players。 因此, 在做题时要认真审题分析, 切勿马虎大意, 造成不必要的 失分。
from the whole country
are expected to bring us honor in this summer game. A. selecting C. selected B. to select D. having selected
解题关键: 弄清select在句中的作用是解题的关键
pay taxes, because it is everyone’s duty to pay taxes.
an hour
思路分析: 选D。句意: 在飞机起飞前一小时, 克莱尔让她的行
李接受了检查。“ have sth. done” 结构意为“某事 / 某物被 做”。由于名词luggage与动词check之间为动宾关系, 故用过 去分词checked作宾语补足语, 故选D。
6. (2011· 湖南高考)The players
1. (2013· 北京高考)When we saw the road decided to spend the holiday at home. A. block C. blocking B. to block D. blocked
with snow, we
解题关键: 空格处在句子中的作用
思路分析: 选D。考查非谓语动词。句意: 当我们看到道路被 雪阻断了时 , 我们决定在家度假。 road和 block之间是被动关 系, 故用block的过去分词作宾语补足语。
过去分词作定语和表语
过去分词作定语和表语过去分词作定语和表语过去分词是⾮谓语动词的⼀种形式，表⽰动作的被动和完成，在句中可做定语、状语、表语和宾语补⾜语。
这⾥主要讲解过去分词作定语和表语。
⼀、过去分词作定语1.过去分词作定语的位置(1)单个的过去分词作定语，通常放在被修饰的名词之前。
The broken clock should be repaired as soon as possible.这个坏了的钟表应该尽快修好。
The injured workers are now being taken good care of in the hospital.受伤的⼯⼈正在医院受到良好的照料。
（2）过去分词短语作定语时，通常放在被修饰的名词之后，它的作⽤想当与⼀个定语从句。
This will be the best novel of its kind ever written.这将是这类⼩说中写得最好的。
提醒:（1）有些单个的过去分词，在习惯上往往放在被修饰词后⾯。
There is little time left, let’s hurry up.剩余的时间不多了，我们赶快吧。
②过去分词修饰代词时，应置于被修饰词之后。
He is one of those invited.他是那些被邀请的⼈之⼀。
③有些过去分词作定语，前置和后置意义不同。
试⽐较：this is a used car.这是⼀辆旧车。
The method used is very efficient.所⽤的这个⽅法很有效。
2.过去分词作⾮限制性定语。
过去分词作⾮限制性定语，⽤来补充说明被修饰词的情况，前⾯常⽤逗号与被修饰的成分隔开。
A girl, dressed like a student,came in and sat beside me.⼀位学⽣打扮的⼥孩⾛进来，坐在我的旁边。
3.过去分词作定语时的意义不及物动词的过去分词作定语，只表⽰动作已完成，不表⽰被动的意义；及物动词的过去分词作定语表⽰被动意义或已经完成的被动动作。
过去分词
过去分词作表语
过去分词作宾语补足语
一、过去分词作定语。
过去分词作定语往往与被修饰的词靠 得很紧, 渐渐地成为一个复合词。这种分 词叫分词形容词 (the Participle Adjective), 实际上相当于一个单纯的形容词, 除表示 “完成”的动作之外, 还表示“被动”的 意义。如：
(2) 后置定语
① 少数单个动词的过去分词, 如 left 等, 只能作后置定语。 e.g. 1. Everything used should be marked. 所有用过的东西应该做好标记。 2. Among the invited were some ladies. 被邀请的人中, 有些是女士。 3. The books left are for my students. 剩下的书是给我的学生的。
作表语动词过去分词可被much, very,
quite等所修饰。 e.g. I was very pleased at the news． 听了这消息我很高兴。 He grew much tired of the work． 他十分厌倦这工作。 He seemed quite delighted at the idea. 听了这想法他似乎很高兴。
二、动词过去分词作表语。
过去分词作表语并无“完成”或“被动” 之意, 而是表示主语的状态或思想感情等。如： He looked worried after reading the letter. 看完信后, 他显得很忧虑。 When we heard of it, we were deeply moved. 当我们听到这件事时, 被深深地感动了。 He seemed quite delighted at the idea. 听到这个想法, 他似乎很高兴。
过去分词作宾语补足语及状语课件 PPT
“感觉类”： feel, sound, smell, taste “变成类”：become, go, get, grow, fall, turn “仍然类”：remain, stay, keep
二. 过去分词作表语
位于系动词后，不表示“被动”或“完 成”，而是表示主语的状态、特点或思 想感情等。相当于形容词
We think him clever.
(宾语) (宾补)
What he said made me angry.
(宾语) (宾补)
We consider the answer correct.
(宾语) (宾补)
宾语补足语的表示法
1.His father named him Doming. (名词) 2.They painted their house white. (形容词)
I wish these letters (to be) typed as soon as possible.
The father wants his daughter taught the piano.
He didn’t want such question discussed at the meeting.
Grammar 过去分词V-ed的
用法
1.作定语
过 去
2.作表语
分 词
3.作补语
4.作状语
注意过去分词做定语的位置
a closed door a polluted river • a broken window
一、 过去分词作定语
1.前置定语 归纳1： 单个的过去分词作定语时，通常放 在被修饰的名词__之__前___。
Unit2语法-过去分词作定语、表语、宾补、状语课件课件-高中英语人教版(2019)选择性必修第四册
难点突破: V-ed和V-ing形式作表语的区别?
1. The result of the final English test was
rather __d_i_s_a_p_p_o_i_n_t_i.ng
He was very _d_isapp__o_in_ ted at the result
of the final test. ( disappoint ) 2. The _f_r_ig_h_t_e_n_i_n_g___man with an ugly black
(Ved)
1. From her _______ look, I knew she was
unsatisfied.
A. disappointing B. disappoints
C. to disappoint
D. disappointed
2. Hearing the tiger's _______ voice, she was so ___________. A. scared, scared B. scared , scaring C. scaring, scared D. scaring, scaring
3. 形容词化的过去分词:
_a_m__a_z_e_d_,_s_u_r_p_ri_s_e_d_,___________ _s_c_a_r_e_d_,_w__o_rr_i_ed__, _d_is_a_p_p_o_i_n_t_e_d_, _ _e_x_c_i_te_d__, _d_e_li_g_h_te_d_,__p_le_a_s_e_d__, ___ __s_at_i_s_fi_e_d_, _m_o_v_e_d_,_d_e_v_o__te_d_,_.._. ___
非谓语动词中过去分词作表语,定语和宾补的用法
过去分词作宾补时，要注意几种情况。
1.使役动词have接过去分词作宾补有两种情况。
1)过去分词所表示的动作由他人完成。
eg. He had his money stolen. 他的钱给偷了。（被别人偷去了） 2)过去分词所表示的动作由句中的主语所经历。分词作定语时与定语从句的关系 2.部分不及物动词的过去分词作定语时可改为动词为完成式或动 词为表示状态的定语从句。
a returned soldier － a soldier who has returned
retired workers － workers who have retired a learned man － a man who is of much learning a sunken ship － a ship which has sunk
人们发现会议室被彻底打扫了，一切都布置得井井有条。
巩固练习 单项填空
1.Prices of daily goods _____ through a computer can be lower than store prices. A. are bought C. been bought players until 1912. A. first playing B. to be first played bought B. bought D. buying
三. 过去分词作宾补
2.表示“致使”意义的动词。如：have, make, get, keep, leave等。 eg. 1)I’ll have my hair cut tomorrow. 明天我要理发。 2)He got his tooth pulled out yesterday. 他昨天把牙拔了。 3)Don’t leave those things undone. 要把那些事情做完。 过去分词作宾补表示的意义： 过去分词作宾补时，过去分词所表示的动作一定和宾语有逻辑 上的动宾关系。如例句(4)，动宾关系是pull out his tooth；例句 (6)，动宾关系是settle this matter。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语
吴国斌
1.过去分词作定语
过去分词作定语表示完成或被动的动作，也有前置和后置两种情况。
单个过去分词一般作前置定语，过去分词短语通常作后置定语。
We only sell used books in our bookstore.
我们的书店只卖用过的书。
The lost time can never be found again.
逝去的时间永远也找不回来。
Mrs. White showed her students some old maps borrowed from the library.
怀特夫人把从图书馆借来的旧地图给学生们看。
2.过去分词作表语
过去分词作表语，多表示主语所处的状态，一般位于连系动词的后面。
The shop has remained shut for a week.
这家商店关门一周了。
All of us were moved to tears at the sorrowful story.
听到那个悲伤的故事，我们都感动地流下泪来。
She looked tired with cooking.
她由于忙着做饭，看上去有些疲倦。
〔注意〕有些过去分词作表语用，相当于形容词，最常见的有delighted，disappointed，discouraged，drunk，amused，astonished，hurt，interested，crowded，tired，satisfied，pleased，surprised，worried，excited，married，puzzled，upset 等。
3.过去分词作宾语补足语
能用作宾语补足语的过去分词一般都是及物动词，表示被动意义或已完成意义，有时候两者兼而有之。
作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。
在下面结构中常用过去分词作补语
(1)在感官动词(see，hear，notice，watch等）和表示心理状态的动词(feel，find 等）后。
The boy was found lost and couldn’t find his way back.
有人发现孩子迷路了，找不到回去的路。
She was glad to see her children well taken care of in the nursery.
看到她的孩子们在托儿所受到很好的照顾，她很高兴。
(2)使役动词(keep，make，help，get，have等)后。
If you want to make yourself respected, you are above all to respect others.
如果你想让自己被尊重，你必须首先尊重别人。
Alexander tried to get his work recognized in the medical circles.
Alexander试图使他的工作被医学界认可。
(3)like，want，wish，order等表示“希望；要求”等意义的动词后。
He wanted his eggs fried.
他愿意吃煎鸡蛋。
(4)with的复合结构中。
He sat there, with his hands tied behind.
他手被捆在后面坐在那里。
高考真题：
①过去分词、现在分词和不定式作定语的区别：
及物动词的过去分词作定语表示被动或已完成的被动动作；不定式作定语多表示将来的动作，不定式的被动语态作定语常表示一个将要被进行的动作；现在分词作定语与所修饰的名词之前存在逻辑上的主谓关系，表示该动作的主动和进行；现在分词的被动语态作定语表示的是一个正在被进行的动作。
1.(2011·全国卷Ⅱ)The island, to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to.
A. joining
B. to join
C. joined
D. having joined
那个通过一座桥梁连接到大陆的岛很容易上去。
2.(2011·湖南高考)The players from the whole country are expected to bring us honour in this summer game.
A. selecting
B. to select
C. selected
D. having selected
从全国挑选出来的运动员有望在今年的夏季运动会中带给我们荣誉。
3.(2011·福建高考)Tsinghua University, in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.
A. found
B. founding
C. founded
D. to be founded
在1911年创建的清华大学是许多杰出人物的家园。
②过去分词用于使役动词和感官动词后作宾补：
常见的使役动词有：get，have，make，keep，leave等；感官动词有：watch，notice，see，hear，feel，find等。
4.(2011·陕西高考)Claire had her luggage an hour before her plane left.
A. check
B. checking
C. to check
D. checked
在飞机离开之前一小时Claire让她的行李经过检查。
5.(2011·重庆高考)Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself of his own dreams.
A. reminding
B. to remind
C. reminded
D. remind
Michael挂一张姚明的照片在床边以提醒自己的梦想。
6.(2011·浙江高考)Even the best writers sometimes find themselves for words.
A. lose
B. lost
C. to lose
D. having lost
甚至最好的作家有时候也发现自己表达不出来。
参考答案：CCCDCB。